Gas storage cavern surrounding rock compression deformation simulation design method, equipment, medium and device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of compressed air energy storage, in particular to a gas storage cavern surrounding rock compression deformation simulation design method, equipment, a medium and a device. According to the invention, the bearing layer and the deformation layer form the simulation surrounding rock deformation, and the controllable deformation value generated by the simulation lining layer is converted into the measurable deformation value of the deformation layer, so that the specified deformation of the surrounding rock under the action of internal pressure can be conveniently simulated by adjusting the opening parameters of the deformation layer; during design, a given lining target deformation amount is used as a control target, and a deformation layer opening type capable of achieving the lining target deformation amount is preliminarily screened out by judging the error of the opening rate or the error of the actual maximum compression deformation amount; then, whether the holes in the deformation layer are basically closed or not under the action of self weight and the action of the maximum internal pressure P is checked, the hole type finally meeting the design requirement is screened out, the simulation test device simulates the pressure-bearing deformation capacity of the surrounding rock under the given condition, and the screening adjustment amount is small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of compressed air energy storage, in particular to a method, device, medium and apparatus for simulating the compression deformation of the surrounding rock of a gas storage cavern. Background Art

[0002] Compressed air energy storage technology is a new energy storage method that uses high-pressure air to store energy. Its working principle is that during the low grid load period, the excess energy in the grid is used to drive a compressor to compress air and store it in a gas storage device. During the high grid load period, the high-pressure air is released to drive an expander to do work, converting the stored energy into electrical energy. In this technology, artificial caverns are mainly set underground as gas storage reservoirs, and the gas storage reservoir is an important part of a compressed air energy storage power station.

[0003] At the present stage, the gas storage pressure of high-pressure gas storage reservoirs is generally about 7 MPa to 15 MPa, which belongs to the medium-high pressure range. The underground gas storage reservoir not only has to bear the external pressure from the surrounding rock mass, but also the internal pressure of the compressed air. Usually, from the inner cavity outwards, the gas storage reservoir consists of a sealing layer steel plate, a sliding layer, a reinforced concrete lining layer, a sprayed concrete layer, a drainage system, and the surrounding rock. The design concept of the gas storage reservoir is that the surrounding rock is the main body to bear the internal pressure and undertakes most of the internal pressure; the concrete lining layer evenly transmits the high-pressure gas pressure in the cavern to the surrounding rock, disperses the deformation, and provides a smooth support surface for the sealing layer; while the main function of the sealing layer is to seal and only bears a very small pressure. Under the action of the internal pressure of the compressed air in the underground gas storage reservoir, the reinforced concrete lining and the surrounding rock of the cavern will expand outwards, and the sealing layer steel plate will also expand outwards; when the outward expansion deformation amount of the gas storage reservoir exceeds its own material stress-strain level or exceeds the bearing deformation capacity of the surrounding rock, the reinforced concrete lining is prone to generate uncontrollable cracks, the sealing layer will be prematurely fatigued, and even the sealing layer and the lining structure will break, resulting in air leakage accidents. Therefore, a large number of experimental simulation works need to be done before the project is implemented to study the cavern structure, size and materials, and to test the sealing performance, stability and safety of the gas storage reservoir, providing technical support for the implementation of the later engineering design.

[0004] In the prior art, in order to study the structural stress performance and sealing performance of underground chambers during the pressurization and depressurization processes and obtain information on stress and deformation, an underground chamber test model is usually constructed by reducing the size ratio, and the materials and structures are highly restored. During the stamping and depressurization processes, the chamber pressure is adjusted step by step, and various data in the experiment are obtained through a variety of detection sensors, recorded and analyzed. Then, based on the analysis results of the data, research and adjustment are carried out again through experiments, such as a sealing layer scale experiment device and experimental method applicable to a fully artificial underground chamber provided in Application No. 202410266416.1. Now, for a certain project to study the stress conditions of each layer structure and the development of lining cracks under internal pressure in a gas storage reservoir, etc., certain technical means are needed to simulate the compression deformation of the surrounding rock to make the lining produce a controllable deformation value; if the above test device and method are used to highly restore the lining materials and structures, when the setting of the research variable - the deformation value of the surrounding rock changes (different surrounding rock deformation values can be set to simulate surrounding rock environments with different elastic moduli), the simulated surrounding rock materials and structures should also change accordingly, with great adjustment difficulty, high input costs, long test duration, low efficiency, and inability to adapt to multiple working condition adjustments. In addition, the re-made models cannot effectively ensure the consistency of the basic conditions for each test, and the comparability and coherence of each working condition are poor, which may even affect the test conclusions.

[0005] For this reason, the applicant's previous application (application number: 2024119516909, application date: December 27, 2024) proposed a simulation test device and system for the working conditions of a gas storage chamber. This solution simulates the structure of the gas storage chamber by detachably arranging a layered structure in a sealed container. For example, a simulated lining layer is arranged in the inner cavity of the sealed container, and the inner cavity of the simulated lining layer is connected to the outside through a ventilation pipe. A deformation layer is filled and arranged between the sealed container and the simulated lining layer. A plurality of openings are arranged in the circumferential direction in the deformation layer, and the axial direction of the openings is the same as the axial direction of the cylinder body of the sealed container. The concrete lining structure in the chamber structure is simulated by the simulated lining layer. The simulated lining layer can deform under internal pressure and compress the deformation layer, and can also crack and form cracks after being compressed; the deformation layer can jointly simulate the surrounding rock layer with the outer rigid container. The outer rigid container acts as an outer boundary protection layer to bear the internal pressure. The deformation layer can provide a compression deformation amount for the concrete lining, and the compression deformation of the surrounding rock under the condition of gas filling is simulated by using the compression amount of the deformation layer. When the deformation layer is compressed and deformed, the space of the opening can be radially compressed by using the opening. During the test, the inner cavity can be repeatedly pressurized in a cycle through the pressure channel reserved on the sealed container. After the test, the sealed container can be disassembled, and then the internal deformation layer and the simulated lining layer can be replaced. Although this test device can be reused, and different working conditions of the surrounding rock can be simulated by replacing the deformation layer with different opening types, and the airtight characteristics of different pressures, sealing materials, and sealing structures can be tested, which can reduce the test investment cost, but how to select a deformation layer with a suitable structural form to simulate the surrounding rock deformation required in practice requires further research and design. In addition, since the openings in this deformation layer are round holes, the processing and forming are troublesome, especially when the deformation layer is thin, the product failure rate is high; and under the action of internal pressure, the stress concentration coefficient at the edge of the round hole (such as the peak value of the circumferential stress around the round hole) is high, which will form a circumferential high-stress area and is prone to form a fatigue crack source under the internal pressure dynamic cyclic load, shortening the service life of the deformation layer, thereby increasing the test cost of this simulation test device. Therefore, further optimization and improvement are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a simulation design method, equipment, medium, and device for the compression deformation of the surrounding rock of a gas storage cavern, aiming at the problem that the prior art lacks effective means to select a deformation layer with a suitable structural form when simulating the surrounding rock deformation required in practice.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, a design method for simulating the compression deformation of the surrounding rock of a gas storage cavern uses a simulation test device to simulate the compression deformation of the surrounding rock. The simulation test device includes a bearing layer, a deformation layer, and a simulated lining layer arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside. A number of openings are provided in the circumferential direction of the deformation layer, and the deformation of the surrounding rock is simulated by customizing the openings. The design steps of the openings include: S1: Initialize the structural parameters and material types of the simulation test device. The structural parameters of the test device include the thickness h1 of the deformation layer and the opening parameters; S2: Calculate the opening ratio n according to the thickness h1 of the deformation layer and the opening parameters: , where is the total opening area, is the actual cross-sectional area of the deformation layer; and determine the actual maximum compression deformation amount s1 of the deformation layer according to the opening ratio n; S3: Determine whether the difference between the actual maximum compression deformation amount s1 and the given lining target deformation amount s is less than or equal to the set error. If not, readjust at least one of the opening parameters and the thickness h1 of the deformation layer, and repeat step S2 until the actual maximum compression deformation amount s1 of the deformation layer meets the requirements, so that the actual maximum compression deformation amount s1 is basically equal to the lining target deformation amount s; if so, proceed to the next step; S4: Check whether the openings in the deformation layer close under the self-weight of the simulated lining layer, check whether the openings in the deformation layer basically close under the maximum internal pressure P, and verify whether the internal force of the bearing layer under the maximum internal pressure is less than or equal to the stress allowable value; If the openings in the deformation layer close under the self-weight, or the openings in the deformation layer do not close under the maximum internal pressure P, readjust the opening parameters and repeat steps S2 - S4; S5: When the deformation capacity of the openings in the deformation layer and the internal force of the bearing layer both meet the design requirements, determine the thickness h1 of the deformation layer and the opening parameters.

[0008] The present invention uses a simulation test device to simulate the compression deformation of the surrounding rock. The simulated lining layer can transfer the pressure to the bearing layer through the deformation layer when subjected to internal pressure, and the deformation layer can undergo radial compression deformation through the space at the openings when subjected to the pressure of the simulated lining layer. According to research findings, the size of the opening ratio of the deformation layer can basically determine the maximum radial deformation amount that the deformation layer can generate, that is, the maximum compression deformation amount s1. The case where the openings in the deformation layer generate the maximum compression deformation amount corresponds to the closed state of the openings. Different opening forms of the deformation layer correspond to different radial deformation capabilities.

[0009] According to the present invention, by initially setting the thickness of the deformable layer and the opening parameters, the opening ratio n can be calculated. Based on the initially set opening ratio, the actual maximum compression deformation of the initially selected deformable layer can be determined, that is, the maximum compression deformation capacity of the deformable layer when the openings in the deformable layer are compressed from the natural state to the fully closed state (the opening space is compressed to no gap). By comparing with the given lining target deformation s, it is judged whether the error of the actual maximum compression deformation of the deformable layer is within the set error range. If not, at least one of the opening parameters and the thickness of the deformable layer is adjusted until the opening ratio that meets the requirements is selected, that is, under the setting of a specific opening ratio, the maximum compression deformation of the deformable layer can be basically equal to the lining target deformation s. In this way, when simulating that the lining layer generates the given lining target deformation, the deformable layer is basically in the maximum compression deformation state and the openings are in the closed state, which is convenient for observation and judgment in the subsequent steps and excludes the possibility that the deformable layer cannot theoretically achieve the lining target deformation. After the preliminary screening based on the above method, by checking whether the openings in the deformable layer are closed under the self-weight of the simulated lining layer, checking whether the openings in the deformable layer are basically closed under the maximum internal pressure P, and verifying whether the internal force of the bearing layer under the maximum internal pressure is less than or equal to the stress allowable value, the final selection is made: if the openings in the deformable layer are closed under the self-weight of the simulated lining layer, it indicates that the shape retention ability (the ability to maintain the basic shape of the opening) of the opening design of the deformable layer is poor and should be excluded. By readjusting the opening parameters until the deformable layer has a certain shape retention ability under the self-weight, so as to more realistically simulate the inflation test; if the openings in the deformable layer are not closed under the maximum internal pressure P and there is an obvious opening space left, it indicates that the deformation ability of the deformable layer is insufficient, and the selected opening parameters cannot adapt to the lining target deformation under the action of the maximum internal pressure P and do not meet the design requirements either. The opening parameters should be readjusted until the deformable layer has appropriate compressive capacity under the maximum internal pressure P. At the same time, under the maximum internal pressure, the force on the bearing layer should also be within the material stress allowable range to be able to play the role of boundary protection normally, so that the deformation of the simulated lining layer is controllable.

[0010] The present invention can quickly screen out the opening types of the deformable layer that meet the requirements, enable the simulation test device to simulate the surrounding rock bearing deformation capacity under given conditions, with small screening adjustment amount and convenient calculation, and can be used for the surrounding rock deformation simulation design under different working conditions.

[0011] In the above solution, the deformable layer should be made of materials with very small plastic deformation, high deformability, and shape retention ability, such as superelastic materials, high-performance fiber-reinforced composite materials, new intelligent materials, etc.

[0012] The inspection of the deformation ability of the deformable layer can be carried out through multiple physical tests, or through numerical simulation by finite element software; the change of the internal force value of the bearing layer can be monitored according to stress sensors, or through numerical simulation by finite element software, not limited to the above examples.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the actual maximum compression deformation amount s1 of the deformation layer is calculated by the following formula: s1 = n×h1.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the set error is taken within 5%, so that the maximum compression deformation amount of the deformation layer under the action of the maximum internal pressure can approach (or be basically equal to) the lining target deformation amount s. This facilitates simulating a given lining target deformation amount according to the test requirements. When applying the maximum internal pressure, it is possible to quickly determine whether the compression amount of the deformation layer reaches the lining target deformation amount by observing the opening state of the deformation layer. Among them, the set error can be reasonably selected according to actual needs, and the smaller the better.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the opening parameters include the opening spacing L, the minimum reserved height h3 at the crown, and the height-width ratio m of the opening; In step S4, if the opening of the deformation layer closes under its own weight, while the opening spacing L and the thickness h1 of the deformation layer remain unchanged, the opening parameters are adjusted by increasing the height-width ratio m of the opening; if the opening of the deformation layer does not close under the action of the maximum internal pressure P, while the opening spacing L and the thickness h1 of the deformation layer remain unchanged, the opening parameters are adjusted by decreasing the height-width ratio m of the opening. The adjustment amount is small, which is conducive to quickly screening out a suitable opening type.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and at least one processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor is used to execute the computer program to implement the above method.

[0017] In a third aspect, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed, the above method is implemented.

[0018] In a fourth aspect, in view of the problem that the existing simulation test device has a high processing cost of the deformation layer, and fatigue cracks are likely to occur near the circular holes during the test, reducing the service life and thus increasing the overall cost of the test, the present invention also provides a compressed air energy storage simulation test device, which includes a bearing layer, a deformation layer, and a simulated lining layer arranged in sequence from outside to inside. The bearing layer and the simulated lining layer can be disassembled from each other. The simulated lining layer is used to simulate the lining structure. The inner cavity of the simulated lining layer is communicated with the outside through a ventilation pipe. The deformation layer is provided with a plurality of openings along the circumferential direction. The length direction of the openings is consistent with the axial direction of the simulated lining layer, and the openings are integrally formed with the outer side surface of the deformation layer.

[0019] Based on the existing simulation test device, this solution improves the structure form of the deformation layer. The opening of the deformation layer is arranged on the outer side unilaterally and faces the bearing layer, which can transmit force better. When transmitting force, the load can be dispersed along the extension direction on both sides of the hole, reducing stress concentration and the risk of tearing of the deformation layer when stressed. It has good mechanical properties and is conducive to extending the service life of the deformation layer. Moreover, compared with opening holes in the middle of the deformation layer, unilateral opening is convenient for processing, has a high qualified rate, and low input cost. Therefore, the total test cost of the simulation test device is low.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the inner side of the deformation layer is adhesively connected to the simulated lining layer, and the deformation layer is continuously arranged along the circumferential direction of the simulated lining layer. Among them, the deformation layer can be a continuous structure integrally in a cylindrical shape, or can be composed of multiple sub-modules spliced together to form a closed state in the circumferential direction, and there is basically no gap between adjacent sub-modules.

[0021] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the deformation layer is arranged in blocks. That is, the deformation layer is preferably spliced and combined by multiple sub-modules, and different blocks can be the same or different in terms of size, structure or deformation ability, etc. This is convenient for circumferential bonding.

[0022] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the deformation layer includes at least a first deformation layer and a second deformation layer, and the first deformation layer and the second deformation layer have different opening rates. Ideally, the surrounding rock is usually regarded as a homogeneous material. Under the action of the internal pressure in the cavern, the sealing layer and the lining layer uniformly transmit the internal air pressure to the surrounding rock in the circumferential direction, and the surrounding rock uniformly resists the deformation of the cavern in the circumferential direction of the cavern. However, in actual situations, the surrounding rock at different positions may have different elastic moduli under different working conditions. Therefore, the above-mentioned structure form can arrange deformation layers with different opening rates at different positions of the cavern according to the actual working conditions to simulate the compression deformation effects of surrounding rocks with different characteristics at different positions, and the working condition adaptability is better.

[0023] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. A simulation design method for the compression deformation of the surrounding rock of a gas storage cavern provided by the present invention can quickly screen out the opening types of the deformation layer that meet the requirements, enable the simulation test device to simulate the bearing deformation ability of the surrounding rock under given conditions, with a small screening adjustment amount and convenient calculation, and can be used for the simulation design of the surrounding rock deformation under different working conditions.

[0024] 2. Using a compression air energy storage simulation test device provided by the present invention for surrounding rock simulation can be reused, can better simulate the stress conditions of the structure under different surrounding rock conditions, has a small test cost, and the device has good mechanical properties and convenient processing of the deformation layer. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a compressed air energy storage test device in Embodiment 1; Figure 2 is Figure 1 A-A sectional view; Figure 3 It is a partial enlarged view of the compressed air energy storage test device; Figure 4 It is a schematic partial structure diagram of the deformation layer; Figure 5 It is a design flow chart in Embodiment 2; Figure 6 is Figure 5 Another expression of the design flow chart in;

[0026] Icon: 1 - Sealed container; 2 - Simulated lining layer; 3 - Deformation layer; 31 - Opening; 4 - Sealing layer; 5 - Ventilation pipe. Specific implementation manners

[0027] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0029] Embodiment 1 This embodiment provides a compressed air energy storage simulation test device. As Figures 1-3 shown, the compressed air energy storage test device includes a sealed container 1, a deformation layer 3 and a simulated lining layer 2.

[0030] The sealed container 1 is made of a rigid material and serves as the outermost load-bearing layer. In this embodiment, the inner side of the sealed container 1 can use large-rigidity materials such as steel plates as the load-bearing layer for bearing the internal pressure. The sealed container 1 is a detachable structure, including two butt-jointed cylinders. Each cylinder includes a straight cylinder and a head fixedly connected. The two straight cylinders can be hermetically butted and fixed by circumferentially arranged bolts. The sealed container 1 and the simulated lining layer 2 can be disassembled from each other.

[0031] The simulated lining layer 2 is used to be arranged in the inner cavity of the sealed container 1, and the inner cavity of the simulated lining layer 2 is communicated with the outside through a ventilation pipe 5.

[0032] The deformation layer 3 is used to be arranged between the sealed container 1 and the simulated lining layer 2, and jointly simulate the compression deformation of the surrounding rock with the sealed container 1. The inner side surface of the deformation layer 3 is adhesively connected to the simulated lining layer 2, and the deformation layer 3 is continuously arranged along the circumferential direction of the simulated lining layer 2. In this embodiment, the material of the deformation layer 3 can be selected from hyperelastic materials such as rubber or polyurethane. The deformation layer 3 is provided with a plurality of openings 31 along the circumferential direction, and the length direction of the openings 31 is consistent with the length direction of the deformation layer 3. In this embodiment, the deformation layer 3 has openings 31 on one side, and the openings 31 are arranged on the side of the deformation layer 3 close to the bearing layer, that is, the openings 31 communicate with the outer side surface of the deformation layer 3, and the openings are arched. A resin-based bonding material is used to closely attach the non-opening 31 side of the deformation layer 3 to the outer side of the simulated lining layer 2.

[0033] Compared with the structure form of opening a circular hole in the middle, opening holes on one side of the deformation layer can enhance the overall deformation coordination ability of the simulated lining layer - deformation layer - bearing layer, more efficiently coordinate the differential deformation between the bearing layer and the simulated lining layer, and can be directionally adapted to a specific deformation direction (such as the shear displacement between steel plates and concrete), so that the stress is released along the arched path, thereby reducing stress concentration and reducing the risk of tearing of the rubber deformation layer when stressed, rather than the symmetric concentration of non-circular holes; the single-sided holes can disperse the stress, reduce the strain amplitude in the local area, and delay the molecular chain breakage and crack propagation of the deformation layer caused by repeated deformation. Therefore, it is more resistant to fatigue failure under repeated loads and is beneficial to improving the fatigue life. In addition, the single-sided opening design can simplify the processing process of the deformation layer. When positioning the opening with a mold, it is not necessary to penetrate the entire deformation layer, which is beneficial to reducing the requirements for the mold accuracy and processing equipment.

[0034] The single-sided arched holes are superior to the middle circular holes in engineering applications through geometric optimization (stress dispersion, asymmetric deformation adaptation) and functional directional design (energy dissipation path, fatigue life improvement). Its core advantage stems from the synergistic effect of the mechanical properties of the arched structure and the viscoelastic behavior of the rubber material, and is especially suitable for engineering scenarios that require high durability, large deformation coordination and anti-fatigue (such as bridge bearings, building isolation layers).

[0035] Furthermore, in this embodiment, for the convenience of setting, it is recommended to divide the deformation layer 3 into blocks along the circumferential direction, and each block of the deformation layer 3 is strip-shaped; during installation, adjacent deformation strips are closely attached along the circumferential direction. Among them, the deformation ability of the deformation layer 3 at different circumferential positions can be selected according to different working conditions requirements.

[0036] Furthermore, the above deformation layer 3 can simulate different circumferential deformation values of the lining under the action of water and soil loads and internal pressure by designing different opening ratios in the circumferential direction, making the test more truly simulate the stress form and deformation mode of the structure. For example, the deformation layer 3 at least includes a first deformation layer and a second deformation layer, and the first deformation layer and the second deformation layer have different opening ratios. Ideally, the surrounding rock is usually regarded as a homogeneous material. Under the action of the internal pressure in the cavity, the sealing layer 4 and the lining layer uniformly transfer the internal air pressure to the surrounding rock in the circumferential direction, and the surrounding rock uniformly resists the deformation of the cavity in the circumferential direction of the cavity; however, in actual situations, different positions of the surrounding rock may have different elastic moduli under different working conditions. Therefore, the above structural form can arrange the deformation layer 3 with different opening ratios at different positions of the cavity according to the actual working conditions to simulate the compression deformation effect of the surrounding rock with different characteristics at different positions, and the working condition adaptability is better.

[0037] Furthermore, when the diameter of the test gas storage cavity is large, for the convenience of transportation and processing, the sealing container 1 can also be set in blocks, and corresponding connection methods and detection methods are adopted between the blocks. For example, the steel plate is welded and flaw detected.

[0038] The above compressed air energy storage test device can be repeatedly used to simulate the compression deformation of the surrounding rock, enabling the lining structure to generate the expected deformation under various surrounding rock conditions, better simulating the stress and sealing conditions of the structure under different surrounding rock conditions; it can also make the lining generate different circumferential deformation values, more truly simulating the stress behavior and deformation mode of each layer of the structure, better carrying out the compressed air energy storage test, with less adjustment difficulty for different working conditions and lower test costs.

[0039] Embodiment 2 Such as Figure 4 、 Figure 5As shown in the figure, based on the structural form of the compressed air energy storage simulation test device with a detachable and replaceable deformation layer 3 in Embodiment 1, this embodiment aims to provide a design method for simulating the compressive deformation of the surrounding rock of a gas storage cavern by setting a suitable opening type for the deformation layer 3 so that a specified compressive deformation can be generated under the action of internal pressure. The opening type of the deformation layer 3 needs to ensure that it can be completely closed at the maximum internal pressure of the test, that is, there should be no gap in the squeezed state of the opening under the action of the maximum internal pressure, and the deformation in the natural state should not be too large and can be self-stabilized. In this embodiment, the shape of the opening 31 is preferably set as an inclined wall arch; the minimum distance L between holes is greater than 3.5 mm, and the minimum reserved thickness h3 at the top of the hole is greater than 2.5 mm, which is convenient for forming. The openings of the deformation layer can be self-stabilized and are not prone to structural damage during transportation and other situations. At the same time, it is beneficial to avoid the deformation layer closing under its own weight during the test. When the maximum internal pressure of the test is set to be small, the aspect ratio of the opening 31 should not be too large, otherwise the deformation layer 3 cannot be completely closed when the internal pressure reaches the maximum; the aspect ratio of the opening 31 should not be too small, otherwise the deformation layer 3 will partially close under its own weight. The design of the specific opening type specifically includes the following steps: S1: Set the target lining deformation amount s and the maximum test internal pressure P according to the test requirements; and initialize the structural parameters and material types of the test device. For example, initially select the material and thickness h1 of the deformation layer 3, the material and thickness h2 of the bearing layer, and initially select the opening parameters. The opening parameters include the opening spacing L, the minimum reserved height h3 at the top of the arch, and the aspect ratio m of the opening 31. In this embodiment, the opening type is initially determined according to the hole spacing L and the minimum reserved thickness h3 at the top of the arch, and the aspect ratio m is initially set to 1.

[0040] S2: Calculate the opening ratio n according to the thickness h1 of the deformation layer and the opening parameters. The opening ratio n is defined as the ratio of the total cross-sectional area of a number of openings 31 in the circumferential direction of the deformation layer 3 to the cross-sectional area between the inner and outer sides of the deformation layer 3, that is: , where is the total opening area, is the actual area of the rubber strip. The actual maximum compressive deformation amount s1 of the deformation layer can be determined according to the calculated opening ratio n.

[0041] The deformation layer 3 is preferably made of a hyperelastic material. Taking rubber as an example, it can be regarded as composed of several small particles. Then the volume of each particle will not change at all. Its overall deformation process is actually a process in which each rubber particle fills the voids. Therefore, in order for the deformation layer to achieve the given target lining deformation amount s, the ideal opening ratio n can be calculated according to the target lining deformation amount s and the thickness h1 of the deformation layer, that is: .

[0042] S3: Determine whether the error of the opening ratio is less than or equal to the set error (preferably 5% in this embodiment). If not, readjust at least one of the opening parameters and the thickness h1 of the deformation layer, especially the aspect ratio of the opening, until the opening ratio meets the requirements; if so, proceed to the next step. The maximum compression deformation amount of the selected opening ratio is regarded as the deformation amount s of the lining target that can be achieved.

[0043] In other words, as Figure 6 shown, that is, compare the actual maximum compression deformation amount s1 of the deformation layer with the lining target deformation amount s, and determine whether the error of the actual maximum compression deformation amount s1 is less than or equal to the set error. If not, by adjusting at least one of the opening parameters and the thickness h1 of the deformation layer, the actual maximum compression deformation amount s1 of the deformation layer can be set to approach the lining target deformation amount s.

[0044] S4: Check whether the opening in the deformation layer closes under the self-weight of the simulated lining layer, check whether the opening in the deformation layer basically closes under the maximum internal pressure P, and verify whether the internal force value of the bearing layer is less than or equal to the stress allowable value.

[0045] If the opening in the deformation layer closes under the self-weight, it indicates that the shape retention ability (the ability to maintain the basic shape of the opening) of the opening design in the deformation layer is poor, and it should be excluded. Readjust the opening parameters (preferably increase the aspect ratio of the opening) and repeat steps S2 - S4 until the deformation layer has a certain shape retention ability under the self-weight, so as to more realistically simulate the inflation test.

[0046] If the opening in the deformation layer does not close under the maximum internal pressure P and there is an obvious opening space left, it indicates that the deformation ability of the deformation layer is insufficient, and the selected opening parameters cannot adapt to the lining target deformation amount under the maximum internal pressure and do not meet the design requirements either. The opening parameters should also be readjusted (decrease the aspect ratio of the opening) and repeat steps S2 - S4 until the deformation layer has appropriate compressive capacity.

[0047] If the stress / strain of the bearing layer exceeds the specification value, it indicates that the stiffness (thickness) of the bearing layer is insufficient. At this time, at least one of the thickness h2 of the bearing layer and the type of the bearing layer material can be readjusted (generally, it is not necessary to adjust the bearing layer).

[0048] S5: When the deformation ability of the opening in the deformation layer and the internal force of the bearing layer both meet the design requirements, determine the thickness h1 of the deformation layer and the opening parameters, etc.

[0049] In this embodiment, by reasonably setting the opening pattern of the deformation layer, the simulated lining layer can generate a given deformation under the action of internal pressure, so as to simulate the surrounding rock constraint effect in the actual process; the design and screening workload is small, the calculation is convenient, the difficulty of working condition adjustment is low, and the test cost is small. It can be used for the simulation design of surrounding rock deformation under different working conditions, so as to provide test data and theoretical basis for the experimental research of compressed air energy storage artificial caverns.

[0050] In this embodiment, the deformation ability of the deformation layer 3 and the internal force value of the bearing layer can be obtained by automatically calculating numerical simulation using finite element software, such as ansys, abaqus, flac or midas. In the finite element software, establish the models of the simulated lining layer 2, the sealing layer 4, and the designed deformation layer 3 of the test device and assemble them according to the actual working conditions. Through steps such as material property definition, mesh division, interaction definition, application of mechanical and displacement boundary conditions, analysis working condition definition and solution, check whether the opening 31 of the deformation layer 3 can be basically closed under the maximum internal pressure, check whether the opening 31 of the deformation layer 3 will close under its own weight, and check whether the internal force value of the bearing layer meets the design requirements; if the deformation layer 3 closes under its own weight, jump to step S1 to reset the opening parameters of the deformation layer 3, and preferably increase the aspect ratio m of the opening 31; if the opening 31 of the deformation layer 3 does not close under the maximum internal pressure P, jump to step S1 to reset the opening parameters of the deformation layer 3, and preferably reduce the aspect ratio m of the opening 31; if the internal force value of the bearing layer exceeds the design requirements, jump back to step S1 again and increase the thickness h2 of the bearing layer.

[0051] Taking ABAQUS as an example, briefly show the operation steps of numerical simulation: ① Component establishment: Import the geometric model of the designed compression layer into the software sketch, and establish the compression layer bearing layer and the compression layer deformation layer through the stretching command. A total of five components, namely lining concrete, lining steel bars, and sealing layer, are established according to the design drawings.

[0052] ② Property definition: Input the materials and cross-section parameters of each component and assign cross-sections.

[0053] ③ Component assembly: Assemble each component according to the actual position, from the outside to the inside are the compression layer bearing layer, the compression layer deformation layer, the lining concrete, the lining steel bars, and the sealing layer. Among them, the lining steel bars are wrapped in the lining concrete.

[0054] ④ Interaction definition: Set the contact properties, respectively define the surface-to-surface contact between the bearing layer and the deformation layer, the lining concrete, and the sealing layer, and place the lining steel bars inside the lining concrete.

[0055] ⑤ Mesh division: Cut each component, select a suitable division method for mesh division, set the steel bar element type as truss, and the unit types of the other components as three-dimensional stress.

[0056] ⑥ Analysis step definition: The general static analysis step is adopted for solution.

[0057] ⑦ Applying mechanical and displacement boundary conditions: Apply internal pressure to the inner wall of the sealing layer and apply gravity to the overall structure; restrain the vertical displacements of two nodes at the horizontal positions on the outer side of the bearing layer, restrain the horizontal displacements of two nodes on the outer sides of the top and bottom of the bearing layer, and restrain the longitudinal displacements of all structures.

[0058] ⑧ Solving and viewing results: Check whether the deformation of the deformed layer in the compression layer is equal to the target compression amount s (with an error of 5%), and check whether the stress of the steel plate in the bearing layer is less than the allowable value.

[0059] Repeat this cycle until the opening type of the deformed layer is finally determined, and the design is completed.

[0060] S5: When the opening ratio of the deformed layer 3, the deformation capacity of the deformed layer 3, and the internal force value of the bearing layer all meet the design requirements, determine the thickness h1 of the deformed layer 3, the thickness h2 of the bearing layer, and the opening parameters on the deformed layer 3, determine the opening type and size of the deformed layer 3, and the design is completed.

[0061] If the outer side of the simulated lining layer 2 of the test device uses a high-rigidity material to simulate the surrounding rock, the simulated lining layer 2 will not be able to deform. If the outer side of the simulated lining layer 2 of the test device uses a low-rigidity material to simulate the surrounding rock, the simulated lining layer 2 will generate excessive deformation and fail. In this embodiment, the deformation of the surrounding rock is simulated by the combination of the high-rigidity material of the bearing layer and the hyperelastic material of the deformed layer 3, which can convert the controllable deformation value generated by the lining (rigid structure) into the measurable deformation value of the deformed layer 3, so as to conveniently simulate and realize the specified deformation of the surrounding rock under the action of internal pressure by adjusting the opening parameters of the deformed layer 3; that is, when simulating the compression deformation amount of the surrounding rock under different working conditions, only under specific conditions, such as the same structure of the simulated lining layer 2 and the same volume of the sealed container 1, selecting different styles of the deformed layer 3 can quickly meet the test requirements, with small adjustment difficulty, less time consumption, and low test cost.

[0062] Embodiment 3 Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and at least one processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor is used to execute the computer program to implement the above method.

[0063] Specifically, the above-mentioned processor may include a central processing unit (CPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or may be configured as one or more integrated circuits for implementing the embodiments of the present application. Among them, the memory may include a mass memory for data or instructions. By way of example and not limitation, the memory may include a hard disk drive (HDD), a floppy disk drive, a solid state drive (SSD), a flash memory, an optical disc, a magneto-optical disc, a magnetic tape, or a universal serial bus (USB) drive, or a combination of two or more of these. In a suitable case, the memory may include a removable or non-removable (or fixed) medium. In a suitable case, the memory may be internal or external to the data processing device. In a specific embodiment, the memory is a non-volatile memory. In a specific embodiment, the memory includes a read-only memory (ROM) and a random access memory (RAM). In a suitable case, the ROM may be a mask-programmed ROM, a programmable ROM (PROM), an erasable PROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), an electrically alterable ROM (EAROM), or a flash memory, or a combination of two or more of these.When appropriate, the RAM can be a Static Random-Access Memory (SRAM) or a Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). Among them, the DRAM can be a Fast Page Mode Dynamic Random Access Memory (FPMDRAM), an Extended Date Out Dynamic Random Access Memory (EDODRAM), a Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory (SDRAM), etc.

[0064] The memory can be used to store or cache various data files required for processing and / or communication, as well as possible computer program instructions executed by the processor.

[0065] The processor reads and executes the computer program instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the methods in the above embodiments. In some of these embodiments, the electronic device may further include a communication interface and a bus. Among them, the processor, the memory, and the communication interface are connected through the bus and complete communication with each other.

[0066] A bus includes hardware, software, or both, and couples components of a computer device to each other. The bus includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: Data Bus, Address Bus, Control Bus, Expansion Bus, Local Bus. By way of example and not limitation, the bus may include an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics bus, an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, a Front Side Bus (FSB), a Hyper Transport (HT) interconnect, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, an InfiniBand interconnect, a Low Pin Count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, a Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) bus, a Video Electronics Standards Association Local Bus (VLB) bus, or other suitable bus or a combination of two or more of these. In suitable cases, the bus may include one or more buses. Although embodiments of the present application describe and illustrate specific buses, the present application contemplates any suitable bus or interconnect.

[0067] Embodiment 4 Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed, the above method is implemented.

[0068] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to program instructions. The foregoing program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it performs the steps including those of the above method embodiments. When the above integrated unit of the present invention is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the method described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The foregoing storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as removable storage devices, ROMs, magnetic disks, or optical discs.

[0069] The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design method for simulating compression deformation of surrounding rock of a gas storage cavern, using a simulation test device to simulate compression deformation of surrounding rock, the simulation test device comprises a bearing layer, a deformation layer and a simulated lining layer arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, the deformation layer is provided with a plurality of openings in the circumferential direction, characterized in that: The opening is customized to simulate surrounding rock deformation, and the design steps of the opening include: S1: Initializing the structural parameters and material type of the simulation test device, wherein the structural parameters include the deformation layer thickness h1 and the opening parameters; S2: Calculate the opening ratio n according to the opening parameters: , where is the total opening area, is the actual cross-sectional area of ​​the deformation layer; the actual maximum compression deformation s1 of the deformation layer is determined according to the thickness h1 of the deformation layer and the opening ratio n; S3: Determine whether the difference between the actual maximum compression deformation s1 and the given lining target deformation s is less than or equal to the set error. If not, readjust at least one of the opening parameters and the deformation layer thickness h1, and repeat step S2 until the actual maximum compression deformation s1 of the deformation layer meets the requirements, so that the actual maximum compression deformation s1 is substantially equal to the lining target deformation s; if yes, proceed to the next step; S4: Check whether the openings of the deformation layer are closed under the self-weight of the simulated lining layer, check whether the openings of the deformation layer are basically closed under the maximum internal pressure P, and verify whether the internal force of the bearing layer under the maximum internal pressure is less than or equal to the allowable stress value; If the opening of the deformable layer is closed under the action of its own weight, or the opening of the deformable layer is not closed under the action of the maximum internal pressure P, the opening parameters are readjusted and steps S2-S4 are repeated; S5: When the deformation capacity of the deformation layer opening and the internal force of the bearing layer meet the design requirements, the deformation layer thickness h1 and the opening parameters are determined.

2. A design method for simulating compression deformation of surrounding rock of a gas storage cavern according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the actual maximum compressive deformation amount s1 of the deformation layer is calculated by the following formula: s1=n×h1.

3. The design method for simulating compression deformation of surrounding rock of a gas storage cavern according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S3, the setting error is within 5%.

4. A design method for simulating compression deformation of surrounding rock of a gas storage cavern according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The opening parameters include the opening spacing L, the minimum reserved height of the arch h3 and the height-to-width ratio m of the opening; In step S4, if the openings of the deformable layer are closed under the action of their own weight, the opening parameters are adjusted by increasing the aspect ratio m of the openings while the opening spacing L and the deformable layer thickness h1 remain unchanged; If the openings in the deformation layer are not closed under the maximum internal pressure P, the opening parameters can be adjusted by reducing the aspect ratio m of the openings while keeping the opening spacing L and the deformation layer thickness h1 unchanged.

5. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises a memory and at least one processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is used to execute the computer program to implement the design method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed, the design method described in any one of claims 1 to 4 is implemented.

7. A compressed air energy storage simulation test device, comprising a bearing layer, a deformation layer and a simulated lining layer arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, the simulated lining layer is used to simulate a lining structure, the inner cavity of the simulated lining layer is connected to the outside through a ventilation pipe, the deformation layer is provided with a plurality of openings along the annular direction, the length direction of the openings is consistent with the axial direction of the simulated lining layer, characterized in that: The opening is integrally formed with the outer side surface of the deformation layer.

8. A compressed air energy storage simulation test device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner side surface of the deformation layer is bonded to the simulated lining layer, and the deformation layer is continuously arranged along the circumference of the simulated lining layer.

9. A compressed air energy storage simulation test device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The deformation layer is arranged in blocks.

10. A compressed air energy storage simulation test device according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The deformation layer includes at least a first deformation layer and a second deformation layer, and the first deformation layer and the second deformation layer have different opening rates.

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