Friction nanometer power generation device for collecting intermittent wind energy

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of friction nanometer power generation, in particular to a friction nanometer power generation device for collecting intermittent wind energy. The friction nanometer power generation device comprises a base and a power generation assembly. The power generation assembly comprises a transmission shaft, fan blades and a friction nanometer power generator. The friction nanometer generator comprises a shell, an electrode layer and a plurality of balls. The shell is of a sealed structure and is horizontally installed on the transmission shaft. A plurality of rails are arranged in the shell, and the bottom face of each rail is arranged in a downward inclined mode from the outer side to the inner side. The electrode layer is adhered to the bottom surface of the track; and the balls are positioned on the electrode layer. The electrode layer comprises a first electrode and a second electrode which are close to the inner side and the outer side of the track and do not make contact with each other. When the fan blades rotate, the balls tend to move towards the outer side of the track under the influence of centrifugal force, and tend to move towards the inner side of the track under the influence of gravity when stopping rotating. Therefore, intermittent wind energy is utilized to drive the ball to move between the first electrode and the second electrode and generate electricity, and the utilization rate of the wind energy is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of triboelectric nanogenerators, and particularly to a triboelectric nanogenerator for collecting intermittent wind energy. Background Art

[0002] Wind energy resources are rich, renewable, and widely distributed, playing an important role in the global green energy. In recent years, clean and renewable energy in the form of wind power has largely alleviated the environmental pollution caused by burning fossil energy and, to a certain extent, slowed down the energy crisis. In the prior art, wind energy is generally generated by wind turbines. Due to the extensive research on wind turbine technology, many large-scale wind farms have been built. Existing wind turbines are generally selected in places with strong winds for wind energy generation. For places with strong winds, the wind is orderly and the direction of the wind is relatively fixed, so that existing single wind turbines can generate megawatts of power. This enables existing wind turbines to utilize and generate electricity from wind energy, but these wind turbines are only suitable for wind energy generation in areas with strong winds. For the wind energy in the environment, a large part of the wind energy is low-speed, disorderly, and has a chaotic direction, and existing wind turbines cannot collect this type of wind energy. Triboelectric nanogenerators can make up for this defect and realize the collection of low-frequency, disorderly, tiny, and highly chaotic energy. When existing triboelectric nanogenerators collect wind energy, their working modes mostly still adopt the structure of a rotor and a stator. Moreover, since a large part of the wind energy in the environment is low-speed, has an unstable direction, and is generated intermittently, the collection effect of existing triboelectric nanogenerators on this type of wind energy is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the technical problem that the existing triboelectric nanogenerators have a poor collection effect on wind energy with low speed and intermittent generation, the present invention provides a triboelectric nanogenerator for collecting intermittent wind energy.

[0004] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions: A triboelectric nanogenerator for collecting intermittent wind energy, which includes a base and a power generation component. The power generation component is rotatably installed on the base. The power generation component includes a transmission shaft, a fan blade coaxially fixed to the transmission shaft, and a triboelectric nanogenerator. The fan blade drives the triboelectric nanogenerator to rotate synchronously through the transmission shaft. The triboelectric nanogenerator includes a housing, an electrode layer, and a plurality of balls. The housing is a sealed structure and is horizontally installed on the transmission shaft; a plurality of tracks are provided in the housing. The tracks are annular structures and are concentric with the transmission shaft; the bottom surface of each track is inclined downward from the outside to the inside; the electrode layer is pasted on the bottom surface of the track, and a plurality of balls are located above the electrode layer. The electrode layer includes electrode one and electrode two respectively close to the inner side and the outer side of the track, and the two do not contact each other; when the fan blade rotates, the balls tend to move outward along the track under the influence of centrifugal force; and when it stops rotating, it tends to move inward along the track under the influence of gravity; thereby realizing driving the balls to move between electrode one and electrode two by intermittent wind energy and generating electricity.

[0005] As a further improvement of the present invention, both electrode one and electrode two are conductive sheets with an annular structure.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the widths of electrode one and electrode two are the same; the diameter of the ball is the same as the width of electrode one.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the housing includes a cover and a conical barrel with a gradually increasing diameter upward. The cover is detachably covered on the conical barrel, and the conical barrel is concentric with the transmission shaft; a plurality of circular baffle plates are installed on the inner surface of the conical barrel, and the plurality of circular baffle plates are arranged at equal intervals along the radial direction of the conical barrel. The adjacent two circular baffle plates and the cover enclose the track.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the housing includes a cover and a disc-shaped plate body. A plurality of tracks are formed by downward depressions on the upper surface of the plate body. The plurality of tracks are arranged at equal intervals along the radial direction of the transmission shaft. The cover is detachably covered on the plate body and encloses each track into a sealed track structure.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the transmission shaft and the base are connected by a bearing.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the fan blade is a vertical axis wind turbine or a wind cup.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the ball is a small ball made of PTFE material.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, both electrode one and electrode two are copper conductive sheets.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the base includes a bottom plate and a rotating cylinder with a hollow structure. One end of the rotating cylinder is fixedly connected to a transmission shaft, and the other end is rotatably connected to the bottom plate. An electromagnetic generator is installed inside the rotating cylinder. The electromagnetic generator includes a stator and a rotor. The rotor is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating cylinder, and the stator is fixed to the bottom plate and located inside the rotating cylinder. When the fan blades are blown by the wind and rotate, the rotating cylinder is driven to rotate through the transmission shaft, and relative movement occurs between the rotor and the stator to convert wind energy into electrical energy.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the fan blades include a mounting plate and a plurality of rectangular thin plates. The mounting plate is circular in structure, and the plurality of rectangular thin plates are circumferentially spaced apart around the center of the mounting plate, and each rectangular thin plate does not contact each other.

[0015] The technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) In the friction nanogenerator of the present invention, by setting the track to be an inclined structure downward from its outer side to the inner side, the power generation component of the present application does not need to rotate a full circle to generate electricity. As long as the wind power can drive the fan blades to rotate for a moment, an entire power generation cycle operation can be completed. Through this operation, not only can the low-speed and intermittent wind energy be sensitively collected, but also the collected wind energy can be effectively converted into electrical energy, thereby achieving the full utilization of wind energy.

[0017] (2) In the friction nanogenerator of the present invention, through the mutual cooperation of the friction nanogenerator and the electromagnetic generator at the lower end, the friction nanogenerator can sensitively collect low-speed and intermittent wind energy, and at the same time, the electromagnetic generator can collect both continuous and intermittent wind energy. Through the cooperation of the two, the power generation efficiency of the entire friction nanogenerator can be further improved, and the practicability of the friction nanogenerator of the present invention can also be improved. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional view of the friction nanogenerator for collecting intermittent wind energy provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram when the components of the friction nanogenerator for collecting intermittent wind energy provided by the present invention are separated.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram when the cover and the conical barrel are separated provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the conical barrel provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5Schematic cross-sectional view of the conical barrel provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic view of the conical barrel provided by the present invention with balls placed inside in the cross-sectional state.

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic view of the plate body provided by the present invention with balls placed inside in the cross-sectional state.

[0025] Figure 8 Schematic structural view of one of the fan blades provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 Schematic structural view of another specific fan blade of the present invention mounted on the base.

[0027] Figure 10 Schematic view of the power generation principle of the triboelectric nanogenerator provided by the present invention.

[0028] In the figure, the markings are: 1, base; 11, bottom plate; 12, rotating cylinder; 21, transmission shaft; 22, fan blade; 23, triboelectric nanogenerator; 231, housing; 232, ball; 233, track; 234, electrode one; 235, electrode two; 236, cover; 237, conical barrel; 238, plate body. Specific embodiments

[0029] Next, in combination with specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described. It should be noted that, on the premise of no conflict, the following-described embodiments or technical features can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that for the orientation terms, such as the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., the indicated orientation and position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as limiting the specific protection scope of the present invention. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily need to describe a specific order or sequence. The terms "comprising" and "having" in the description and claims of the present invention and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0031] This embodiment provides a triboelectric nanogenerator for collecting intermittent wind energy. Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , which includes a base 1 and a power generation assembly. The power generation assembly is rotatably mounted on the base 1. In the actual application process, the triboelectric nanogenerator is fixed through the base 1. In a windy environment, the power generation assembly can rotate relative to the base 1 under the blowing of the wind. The power generation assembly includes a transmission shaft 21, a fan blade 22, and a triboelectric nanogenerator 23. One end of the transmission shaft 21 is rotatably mounted on the base 1, and the other end of the transmission shaft 21 is respectively connected to the fan blade 22 and the triboelectric nanogenerator 23. The fan blade 22 and the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 are both coaxially fixed on the transmission shaft 21. The fan blade 22 will drive the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 to rotate synchronously through the transmission shaft 21. The triboelectric nanogenerator 23 includes a housing 231, an electrode layer, and a plurality of balls 232. The housing 231 is a sealed structure and is horizontally mounted on the transmission shaft 21. Please refer to Figures 3 to 5, there are multiple tracks 233 provided inside the housing 231. The multiple tracks 233 are all annular structures and are concentrically arranged with the transmission shaft 21. The bottom surface of each track 233 is inclined downward from the outside to the inside. The electrode layer is pasted on the bottom surface of the track 233, and multiple balls 232 are all located above the electrode layer. The electrode layer includes electrode one 234 and electrode two 235. Electrode one 234 is arranged on the inner side of the track 233, and electrode two 235 is arranged on the outer side of the track 233 and electrode two 235 does not contact electrode one 234. When the fan blade 22 rotates, the balls 232 tend to move outward to the track 233 under the influence of centrifugal force. When the fan blade 22 stops rotating, the balls 232 tend to move inward to the track 233 under the influence of gravity. Thus, it realizes driving the balls 232 to move between electrode one 234 and electrode two 235 by intermittent wind energy and generating electricity. Since the bottom surface of the track 233 in this solution is inclined downward from the outside to the inside, when there is no wind initially, the balls 232 will stay on electrode one 234 under the action of gravity. When the fan blade 22 is blown by the wind and rotates, the fan blade 22 will drive the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 to rotate through the transmission shaft 21. At this time, the balls 232 move from electrode one 234 to electrode two 235 under the action of centrifugal force. Through this operation, the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 can convert wind energy into electrical energy. And after the fan blade 22 stops rotating, the balls 232 can also fall back from electrode two 235 to electrode one 234 under the action of gravity. In this movement stage, even without external force, the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 of this application can also realize triboelectric power generation through the gravity of the balls 232. Therefore, the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 of this application can convert intermittent wind energy into electrical energy by the balls 232 rolling back and forth between electrode one 234 and electrode two 235.

[0032] It can be understood that the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 and the fan blade 22 can be installed at any position on the transmission shaft 21 as needed. For example, the fan blade 22 can be installed at one end of the transmission shaft 21 far from the connection with the base 1, and the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 is located between the fan blade 22 and the base 1.

[0033] When actually assembling the triboelectric nanogenerator 23, it is necessary to ensure that the bottom surface of the track 233 must be inclined downward from the outside to the inside in the horizontal direction. Only in this way can it be ensured that under the drive of the fan blade 22 and the transmission shaft 21, the balls 232 in the track 233 will roll from electrode one 234 to electrode two 235 under the action of centrifugal force and fall back from electrode two 235 to electrode one 234 under the action of gravity. Only in this way can it effectively convert wind energy into electrical energy.

[0034] It can be understood that since the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 in this solution can be divided into two power generation stages, the first stage is under windy conditions. The fan blade 22 and the transmission shaft 21 drive the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 to rotate, so that the ball 232 can roll from the first electrode 234 to the second electrode 235 to convert wind energy into electrical energy. The second stage is when there is no wind or the wind direction changes. The ball 232 will fall back from the second electrode 235 to the first electrode 234 under its own gravity. It can be understood that under the condition of no wind or insufficient wind force to make the ball 232 roll towards the second electrode 235 under the action of centrifugal force, the fan blade 22 stops moving. At this time, the ball 232 will naturally fall back from the second electrode 235 to the first electrode 234 under the action of gravity, thereby realizing the conversion of wind energy into electrical energy. When the wind direction changes, that is, the fan blade 22 needs to change from rotating clockwise to rotating counterclockwise or from rotating counterclockwise to rotating clockwise. No matter which of the above commutations the fan blade 22 needs to stop rotating first and then change the direction to continue turning. When the fan blade 22 stops, the ball 232 will fall back from the second electrode 235 to the first electrode 234 under the action of gravity, and after the commutation, due to the action of the centrifugal force again, the ball 232 will roll from the first electrode 234 to the second electrode 235. It can be seen from this that the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 of this application can effectively convert some low-speed, disordered, unstable wind direction or intermittent wind energy into electrical energy, improving the utilization rate of wind energy.

[0035] In this solution, by setting the track 233 as a downward inclined structure from the outside to the inside, the power generation component of the present application does not need to rotate a full circle to generate electricity. As long as there is an instant when the wind power can drive the fan blade 22 to rotate, the operation of a whole power generation cycle can be completed, thereby achieving the full utilization of wind energy. The above beneficial effects can be understood as follows: In our solution, the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 only needs an instant of wind power to drive the fan blade 22 to rotate, and the ball 232 can roll from the electrode one 234 to the electrode two 235. Subsequently, even when there is no wind power as the driving source, the ball 232 located on the electrode two 235 can fall back to the electrode one 234 under its own gravity. Through the above operations, the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 in our solution can complete a whole power generation cycle even when there is only an instant of wind power. And within this whole power generation cycle, the ball 232 first rolls from the electrode one 234 to the electrode two 235 and then falls back from the electrode two 235 to the electrode one 234. Through this operation, not only can the low-speed and intermittent wind energy be sensitively collected, but also the collected wind energy can be effectively converted into electrical energy. For the existing triboelectric nanogenerator 23, when there is an instant of wind power, the rotation angle is very small, which results in very little electrical energy converted by the existing triboelectric nanogenerator 23. If more electrical energy needs to be converted, continuous wind power needs to act on the existing triboelectric nanogenerator 23, so that the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 can continuously rotate or swing to effectively convert wind energy into electrical energy. Therefore, the existing triboelectric nanogenerator 23 has a very low utilization rate of this kind of low-speed and intermittently generated wind energy. In our solution, through the above ingenious design of the triboelectric nanogenerator 23, it can complete a whole power generation cycle even when there is only an instant of wind power, achieving the full conversion of wind energy into electrical energy and improving the utilization rate of wind energy.

[0036] In the actual design process, in order to further improve the efficiency of converting wind energy into electrical energy, while ensuring that the electrode one 234 and the electrode two 235 do not contact each other, the distance between the electrode one 234 and the electrode two 235 will be designed to be as small as possible. The purpose of this design is that when the fan blade 22 is blown by a very small wind and rotates, the fan blade 22 drives the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 to rotate through the transmission shaft 21. Since the gap between the electrode one 234 and the electrode two 235 is very small, the ball 232 can still roll from the electrode one 234 to the electrode two 235 under the action of a small centrifugal force. And after the wind stops, the ball 232 can also roll from the electrode two 235 to the electrode one 234 under the action of gravity, thereby achieving the effective collection of wind energy with a low wind speed.

[0037] Based on the above solution, the present application has also made the following improvements: Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, the base 1 includes a bottom plate 11 and a rotating cylinder 12 with a hollow structure. One end of the rotating cylinder 12 is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 21, and the other end of the rotating cylinder 12 is rotatably connected to the bottom plate 11. Through the above settings, when the fan blade 22 rotates, the fan blade 22 can drive the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 and the rotating cylinder 12 to rotate simultaneously through the transmission shaft 21. An electromagnetic generator is installed inside the rotating cylinder 12, and the electromagnetic generator can drive the electromagnetic generator to convert wind energy into electrical energy under the rotation of the rotating cylinder 12. Through this setting, the triboelectric power generation device in this solution can not only effectively collect and utilize intermittent wind energy, but also be used in an environment with continuous wind energy. It further improves the practicability of the entire triboelectric power generation device and also improves the utilization rate of wind energy.

[0038] Specifically, the electromagnetic generator includes a stator and a rotor. The rotor is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 12, and the stator is fixed to the bottom plate 11 and located inside the rotating cylinder 12. The rotor can be a rotating electromagnet, and the stator can be a stationary iron core with a charged coil, which is used to generate an induced electromotive force. When the rotor rotates driven by the rotating cylinder 12, relative movement occurs between the magnet on the rotor and the coil on the stator, thereby cutting the magnetic induction line, resulting in an induced electromotive force in the coil and then forming a current. Therefore, for the base 1 part, when the fan blade 22 rotates under the blowing of the wind, the fan blade 22 drives the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 and the rotating cylinder 12 to rotate simultaneously through the transmission shaft 21. Relative movement will occur between the rotor located inside the rotating cylinder 12 and the stator to achieve the conversion of wind energy into electrical energy. In this application, the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 at the upper end can effectively collect and utilize the wind energy generated at a low speed and intermittently. Combined with the electromagnetic generator below, the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 below can not only effectively collect and utilize intermittent wind energy, but also collect wind energy when there is continuous wind energy. Through the mutual cooperation and utilization of the two, wind energy can be further collected and converted into electrical energy, improving the utilization rate of wind energy.

[0039] It can be understood that, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4, both the first electrode 234 and the second electrode 235 are conductive sheets with a ring structure. The conductive sheets with a ring structure can make full use of the space within the track 233. During the power generation process, a small power generation unit can be formed between each ball 232, the first electrode 234, and the second electrode 235. Therefore, in the actual application process, the maximum number of balls 232 within each track 233 can be up to just filling one circle of the first electrode 234 with a ring structure. Through this setting, not only can a large number of balls 232 be placed to the greatest extent within a limited space to form multiple power generation units, thereby improving the power generation efficiency, but also the situation where some balls 232 cannot roll back and forth between the first electrode 234 and the second electrode 235 due to too many balls 232 and thus cannot achieve triboelectric power generation will not occur. The widths of the first electrode 234 and the second electrode 235 are the same. The diameter of the ball 232 is the same as the width of the first electrode 234 and the diameter of the ball 232 is much larger than the distance between the first electrode 234 and the second electrode 235. Through this limitation, as long as the fan blade 22 rotates, the ball 232 can quickly roll from the first electrode 234 to the second electrode 235 under the action of centrifugal force and quickly fall back from the second electrode 235 to the first electrode 234 under the action of gravity when there is no wind. Through this setting, the number of times the ball 232 rolls back and forth between the first electrode 234 and the second electrode 235 within a unit time can be increased, that is, the power generation cycle of the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 in this application can be increased within a unit time, thereby achieving an improvement in the power generation efficiency per unit time and realizing the full utilization of wind energy. In addition, by setting the diameter of the ball 232 and the width of the first electrode 234 to be the same size, as long as the fan blade 22 drives the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 to rotate through the transmission shaft 21, the ball 232 will move away from the first electrode 234 and contact the second electrode 235 under the action of centrifugal force, so that the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 in this application can collect the wind energy generated at a low speed and intermittently more sensitively.

[0040] In this embodiment, the housing 231 can have the following two specific structures.

[0041] The first one: Please refer to Figures 3 to 6, the housing 231 includes a cover 236 and a conical barrel 237. The conical barrel 237 has a gradually increasing diameter from the bottom upwards. The cover 236 is detachably closed on the upper end of the conical barrel 237. Through the cover 236 and the conical barrel 237, a sealed housing 231 can be formed. The conical barrel 237 is concentrically arranged with the transmission shaft 21, and the bottom of the conical barrel 237 is horizontally fixed on the transmission shaft 21. The horizontal fixation facilitates that the balls 232 in each track 233 will not slide out of the first electrode 234 due to the inclination of the conical barrel 237 when there is no wind. A plurality of circular baffles are installed on the inner surface of the conical barrel 237, and the baffles are arranged vertically upwards. The plurality of circular baffles are arranged at equal intervals along the radial direction of the conical barrel 237. The adjacent two circular baffles and the cover 236 enclose the track 233. In this structure, by providing the conical barrel 237 with a gradually increasing diameter upwards, the side wall of the conical barrel 237 can be used as the downwardly inclined bottom surface of the track 233. Thus, when the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 rotates with the transmission shaft 21, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation on the balls and the gravitational force brought by the inclined bottom surface of the track 233 jointly drive the balls 232 to roll back and forth between the first electrode 234 and the second electrode 235. Thereby, the wind energy is converted into the movement of the balls 232, and the triboelectric power generation is realized through the movement of the balls 232. Thus, the wind energy is converted into electrical energy that can be utilized by other electrical appliances.

[0042] It can be understood that the opening of the conical barrel 237 faces upwards and an installation hole is provided at the center position of the bottom of the conical barrel 237. The conical barrel 237 is fixed on the transmission shaft 21 through the installation hole. The cross-section of the conical barrel 237 can be regarded as an inverted trapezoidal structure. In this embodiment, the included angle between the bottom surface of the track 233 and the horizontal direction can be set to 4.5°. At this inclination angle, the balls 232 can smoothly roll back and forth between the first electrode 234 and the second electrode 235, improving the smoothness of the rolling friction of the balls 232. In the actual use process, the included angle between the bottom surface of the track 233 and the horizontal direction can be adjusted according to the specific environment in which the triboelectric power generation device needs to be applied. The adjustment basis is to ensure that the balls 232 do not feel strenuous during the upward and downward sliding processes, that is, they can smoothly move back and forth between the first electrode 234 and the second electrode 235.

[0043] During the actual design of the baffle, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the outermost circular baffle is flush with the outermost wall of the conical barrel 237 in the vertical direction, and the top heights of each baffle are all flush, so that the upper end of the conical barrel 237 is a horizontal structure, which is convenient for the cover 236 to be closed on the upper end of the horizontal conical barrel 237. Through the cover 236 and the conical barrel 237, a sealed housing 231 can be formed, and the plurality of tracks 233 are independent of each other.

[0044] The second type: The housing 231 includes a cover 236 and a disc-shaped plate body 238. Please refer to Figure 7 , and a plurality of tracks 233 are formed by downward depressions on the upper surface of the plate body 238. The plurality of tracks 233 are arranged at equal intervals along the radial direction of the transmission shaft 21. The cover 236 is detachably covered on the plate body 238 and encloses each track 233 into a sealed structure of the track 233.

[0045] A through hole is provided at the center of the plate body 238, and the plate body 238 is fixed to the transmission shaft 21. The tracks 233 formed by downward depressions are also concentric with the transmission shaft 21, and the bottom surface of the track 233 is also inclined downward from the outside to the inside of the disc-shaped plate body 238.

[0046] Regardless of which structure the housing 231 has, the angle between the bottom surface of each track 233 inside it and the horizontal plane and the width of each track 233 in the radial direction of the transmission shaft 21 are the same. And the housing 231 needs to be horizontally installed on the transmission shaft 21. The purpose of this setting is to make the movement states of the respective balls 232 in each track 233 the same, so that the currents generated by the multiple balls 232 during friction power generation will be superimposed. And each ball 232 in each track 233 has the same movement state, so that the power generation states of the respective balls 232 in each track 233 are also synchronized. Therefore, when leading out the current generated by these tracks 233 to the circuit, the electrode one 234 of each track 233 can be directly connected in parallel together through a wire one, and the electrode two 235 of each track 233 can be directly connected in parallel together through a wire two. Then, the other end of the wire one connected in parallel with the multiple electrode ones 234 is connected to the positive electrode of the rectifying circuit, and the other end of the wire two connected in parallel with the multiple electrode twos 235 is connected to the negative electrode of the rectifying circuit, and direct current can be output for use by the load. Through this setting, the trouble of each track 233 needing to be connected to its own rectifying circuit respectively and the unnecessary energy loss brought by multiple rectifying circuits are reduced. Thus, while simplifying the structure of the whole device, the utilization rate of electric energy is improved.

[0047] And during the actual installation process, the upper end of the cover 236 can be connected to the mounting plate of the fan blade 22 by gluing, and the cover 236 can also be connected to the conical barrel 237 or the plate body 238 by gluing. It can be understood that the cover 236 can also be connected to the conical barrel 237 or the plate body 238 by snap connection.

[0048] In this embodiment, the transmission shaft 21 and the bottom plate 11 can be connected by bearings, facilitating the rotation of the transmission shaft 21 relative to the bottom plate 11. The bottom plate 11 may be provided with screw holes. In actual application, the bottom plate 11 can be fixed by screws to install the triboelectric nanogenerator. And during installation, it is necessary to ensure that the housing 231 is horizontally arranged. The purpose of this design is to ensure the power generation effect and also ensure that each ball 232 in each track 233 is located on the first electrode 234 in the initial state without wind, so as to ensure that the motion state of each ball 232 is consistent when blown by the wind.

[0049] In actual application, the cover 236 can be made by 3D printing with a relatively light and insulating material. Selecting a lighter material can reduce the energy loss during the conversion of wind energy into electrical energy. At the same time, by setting the cover 236, the track 233 can also be a closed structure, thus preventing the balls 232 located in the track 233 from being thrown out and foreign objects from entering the track 233.

[0050] The fan blade 22 can be a vertical wind wheel or a wind cup, which rotates under the blowing of the external wind to convert wind energy into kinetic energy. The fan blade 22 can be formed by one-time 3D printing, and then a metal optical axis is fixed therein for transmission. At this time, the metal optical axis is the transmission shaft 21 described above. It can be understood that the fan blade 22 can also be formed by welding metal blades and the transmission shaft 21.

[0051] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 8 , the fan blade 22 can rotate bidirectionally under the blowing of the external wind, enabling the fan blade 22 in this embodiment to collect wind energy with uncertain wind directions well. And when collecting wind energy with an unfixed wind direction, since the fan blade 22 can rotate bidirectionally, it will have a process of decelerating to zero when changing direction. When the fan blade 22 rotates first and then decelerates to zero, the balls 232 in the track 233 will first move from the first electrode 234 to the second electrode 235, and then fall back to the first electrode 234 under the action of gravity when decelerating to zero. Thus, in an environment with an uncertain wind direction, the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 in this solution can change the rotation direction of the fan blade 22 through the unfixed wind to achieve the purpose of continuous power generation.

[0052] The following lists the specific structure of one type of fan blade 22 that can rotate bidirectionally. Please refer to Figure 8, the fan blade 22 may include a mounting plate and a plurality of rectangular thin plates. The mounting plate may be a circular plate. The plurality of rectangular thin plates are circumferentially spaced with the center of the mounting plate as the midpoint and are distributed on the mounting plate, and each rectangular thin plate is independent and non-contact with each other. This design can reduce the resistance between the fan blade and the wind, so that the fan blade of this embodiment can rotate even under light wind conditions. The lower surface of the mounting plate is fixed on the transmission shaft 21 and the center of the mounting plate coincides with the central axis of the transmission shaft 21. By providing a plurality of rectangular thin plates and the plurality of rectangular thin plates are non-contact with each other, the fan blade 22 can rotate bidirectionally under the blowing of the wind. Thus, in an environment with an uncertain wind direction, the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 in this solution can change the rotation direction of the fan blade 22 through the unidirectional wind to achieve the purpose of continuous power generation. The fan blade can also be as Figure 9 shown in the structure. Figure 9 The fan blade includes 5 blades, and the cross-section of each blade is an arc structure. The arc structure can reduce the resistance to the wind, so that the fan blade of this embodiment can rotate even under light wind conditions.

[0053] The ball 232 can be a small ball made of PTFE material, and its surface is relatively smooth, which can reduce the resistance during sliding. The first electrode 234 and the second electrode 235 can both be copper conductive sheets. Among them, the materials of the ball 232 and the electrodes can be selected according to the materials in Table 1 below. During the selection process, it is better that the electron gain and loss abilities between the ball 232 and the electrodes are quite different.

[0054] Table 1 Triboelectric series of common materials

[0055]

[0056] Note: Materials tending to the "positive" direction are more likely to lose electrons, and materials tending to the "negative" direction are more likely to gain electrons

[0057] In addition, the small ball in this embodiment can also be a small ball made of a conductor material. When it is made of a conductor material, it can form a "conductor-conductor triboelectric nanogenerator 23" with the electrode layer. At this time, a material needs to be selected from the materials in Table 1 as the insulating dielectric layer. Preferably, the material of the insulating dielectric layer can be selected as the material that is easy to gain electrons in Table 1, so that the charge accumulation amount, induced current, and power generation efficiency of the composed triboelectric nanogenerator are high.

[0058] The working principle of the triboelectric nanogenerator in this embodiment will be described below in conjunction with specific scenarios. In the initial windless state, since the bottom surface of the track 233 is a slope, the ball 232 in the track 233 will stay on the first electrode 234 in the track 233 under the action of gravity and closely adhere to the inner wall of the track 233. When the triboelectric nanogenerator operates, the fan blade 22 is driven by the wind to rotate, and through the transmission shaft 21, the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 will also rotate synchronously. At this time, the ball will overcome gravity under the action of centrifugal force and slide outward to the second electrode 235. When the wind stops or the fan blade 22 turns, the entire power generation assembly stops rotating, and the ball 232 also slides back to the bottom under gravity. Among them, in this working cycle, the power generation principle of the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 can be as Figure 10 shown, which can include four states: (1), (2), (3), and (4). For Figure 10In this case, the blue ball represents a ball bearing. Electrode 1 is electrically connected to the left side of the load, and electrode 2 is electrically connected to the right side of the load. The following describes the four states of (1), (2), (3), and (4) respectively: (1) This state is the initial state. At this time, the ball bearing 232 stops on electrode 1 234. The two materials of PTFE and copper are in contact. Since copper is easy to lose electrons and PTFE is easy to gain electrons, negative charges will accumulate on the surface of the ball bearing 232, and positive charges will be correspondingly induced on the side of electrode 1 234 far from the ball bearing 232. However, because the two are in contact, the overall shows electrical neutrality, and there is no current in the external circuit at this time. (2) This state is the state when the ball bearing 232 is driven by centrifugal force to slide towards electrode 2 235. At this time, the facing area between the ball bearing 232 and electrode 1 234 decreases, and the facing area between the ball bearing 232 and electrode 2 235 increases. Positive charges are induced on the parts of electrode 1 234 and electrode 2 235 facing the ball. However, as the ball bearing 232 moves, the positive charges on the surface of electrode 1 234 gradually decrease, and the positive charges on the surface of electrode 2 235 gradually increase. At this time, the charges have actually been transferred through the external circuit. Therefore, in the external circuit, the current flows from electrode 1 234 to electrode 2 235. (3) This state is when the ball bearing 232 completely enters electrode 2 235 under the action of centrifugal force and will fall back from electrode 2 235 to electrode 1 234. At this time, the induced charge on electrode 2 235 is the largest, but the current in the external circuit is 0. (4) This state is when the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 stops rotating as the wind stops. At this time, the ball bearing 232 will roll back from electrode 2 235 to electrode 1 234 along the slope under the action of gravity. In this stage, the induced charge on electrode 1 234 will gradually increase, and the induced charge on electrode 2 235 will gradually decrease. Therefore, a current will be generated in the external circuit, and the direction of the current is from electrode 2 235 to electrode 1 234 until the ball bearing 232 returns to state (1). In the actual operation process, this cycle can be used to effectively convert wind energy into electrical energy. Through the above description, it can be seen that the power generation component of the present invention can complete a whole power generation cycle even when there is only an instantaneous wind force, and during this whole power generation cycle, two currents will be generated. Therefore, through the power generation component of the present invention, wind energy can be effectively converted into electrical energy, improving its power generation efficiency.

[0059] It can be understood that the triboelectric nanogenerator in this embodiment can not only be used to collect wind energy, but also wave energy. Since the triboelectric nanogenerator needs to be in contact with water when collecting wave energy, the stability and waterproofness of the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 need to be ensured when assembling the triboelectric nanogenerator in this embodiment. It can be understood that when collecting wave energy through the triboelectric nanogenerator in this embodiment, its housing also needs to be set horizontally, so as to ensure that when the fan blade drives the triboelectric nanogenerator to rotate, the ball 232 in the housing can roll towards the second electrode 235 under the action of centrifugal force. In addition, when collecting wave energy, the sealing performance in the track 233 can be improved by adding a sealing strip at the joint of the cover 236 and the conical barrel 237. At the same time, a sealing strip needs to be added at the joint of the base 1 and the transmission shaft 21, and a sealing strip or other common sealing forms in the prior art also need to be added at the joint between the rotating cylinder 12 and the bottom plate 11 to improve the sealing performance of the above joints. It can be understood that the sealing effect can also be enhanced by existing sealing methods in other places where the sealing performance needs to be considered in the triboelectric nanogenerator in this embodiment. Specifically, when the triboelectric nanogenerator in this embodiment is applied to collect wave energy, the fan blade 22 can be placed in water. Driven by the waves, the fan blade 22 will rotate. Therefore, the fan blade 22 will drive the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 to rotate through the transmission shaft 21. Therefore, the triboelectric nanogenerator 23 will rotate synchronously. At this time, the ball 232 located in the track 233 will roll back and forth between the first electrode 234 and the second electrode 235 under the action of centrifugal force and gravity to convert wave energy into electrical energy.

[0060] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been described above. Those skilled in the art of this industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification is only the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection required by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A friction nano power generation device for collecting intermittent wind energy, characterized in that: It includes a base and a power generation component, and the power generation component is rotatably mounted on the base; The power generation assembly includes a transmission shaft, and fan blades and a friction nanogenerator coaxially fixed on the transmission shaft, and the fan blades drive the friction nanogenerator to rotate synchronously through the transmission shaft; The friction nanogenerator comprises a shell, an electrode layer and a plurality of balls. The shell is a sealed structure and is horizontally mounted on the transmission shaft. A plurality of tracks are arranged in the shell. The tracks are annular structures and are arranged concentrically with the transmission shaft. The bottom surface of each track is inclined downward from the outside to the inside. The electrode layer is attached to the bottom surface of the track, and the plurality of balls are located above the electrode layer. The electrode layer includes an electrode 1 and an electrode 2 respectively close to the inner side of the track and the outer side of the track, and the two electrodes are not in contact with each other; When the fan blades rotate, the balls are affected by centrifugal force and tend to move to the outside of the track; when they stop rotating, they are affected by gravity and tend to move to the inside of the track; thereby utilizing intermittent wind energy to drive the balls to move between electrode one and electrode two and generate electricity.

2. The friction nano power generation device for collecting intermittent wind energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode 1 and the electrode 2 are both conductive sheets with annular structures.

3. The friction nano power generation device for collecting intermittent wind energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The widths of the electrode 1 and the electrode 2 are the same; the diameter of the ball is the same as the width of the electrode 1.

4. The friction nano power generation device for collecting intermittent wind energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell includes a cover and a conical barrel with a gradually increasing diameter. The cover is detachably covered on the conical barrel, and the conical barrel is concentrically arranged with the transmission shaft. A plurality of annular baffles are installed on the inner surface of the conical barrel, and the plurality of annular baffles are arranged at equal intervals along the radial direction of the conical barrel, and two adjacent annular baffles and the cover form the track.

5. The friction nano power generation device for collecting intermittent wind energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell includes a cover and a round plate body, the upper surface of the plate body is recessed downward to form a plurality of tracks, and the plurality of tracks are arranged at equal intervals along the radial direction of the transmission shaft. The cover can be detachably covered on the plate body and encloses each track into a closed structure track.

6. The friction nano power generation device for collecting intermittent wind energy as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission shaft is connected to the base via a bearing.

7. The friction nano power generation device for collecting intermittent wind energy as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The fan blades are vertical axis wind wheels or wind cups.

8. The friction nano power generation device for collecting intermittent wind energy as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The ball is a small ball made of PTFE; the electrode 1 and the electrode 2 are both copper conductive sheets.

9. The friction nano power generation device for collecting intermittent wind energy as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The base includes a bottom plate and a hollow rotating drum, one end of the rotating drum is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft, and the other end is rotatably connected to the bottom plate; an electromagnetic generator is installed in the rotating drum, and the electromagnetic generator includes a stator and a rotor, the rotor is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating drum, and the stator is fixed to the bottom plate and is located in the rotating drum; when the fan blades are blown by the wind and rotate, the rotating drum is driven to rotate through the transmission shaft, and relative movement is generated between the rotor and the stator to realize the conversion of wind energy into electrical energy.

10. The friction nano power generation device for collecting intermittent wind energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan blade includes a mounting plate and a plurality of rectangular thin plates. The mounting plate is a circular structure. The plurality of rectangular thin plates are distributed on the mounting plate at intervals in a circle with the center of the mounting plate as the midpoint, and each of the rectangular thin plates does not contact each other.

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