Automated positioning guide unit, automated press-fit device, and automated assembly system and method

Abstract

The application discloses an automatic positioning and guiding unit, an automatic press-fitting device, and an automatic assembly system and method, and relates to the technical field of automatic assembly. The automatic positioning and guiding unit comprises a first pushing assembly, a second pushing assembly, and a positioning assembly. The first pushing assembly comprises a first cylinder and a first adjusting part. The first adjusting part is arranged at the end of the first cylinder and is moved to contact the top of the eccentric shaft under the thrust of the first cylinder. The second pushing assembly is arranged directly below the first pushing assembly and is arranged in parallel with the first pushing assembly in the first direction. The second pushing assembly comprises a second cylinder and a first fixing part. The first fixing part is arranged at the end of the second cylinder and is moved to contact the bottom of the eccentric shaft under the thrust of the second cylinder. The positioning assembly is arranged adjacent to the first fixing part and comprises a rolling adjusting part. The rolling adjusting part enables the eccentric shaft to automatically rotate to the center of the first adjusting part. The rolling adjusting part, the first adjusting part, and the first fixing part jointly realize the automatic positioning and guiding of the eccentric shaft. The application solves the problems of inaccurate positioning of the eccentric shaft and unstable press-fitting force when the eccentric shaft is press-fitted with the connecting rod assembly, and the connecting rod assembly is damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of eccentric shaft technology, specifically relating to an automatic positioning and guiding unit, an automatic pressing device, and an automatic assembly system and method. Background Technology

[0002] An eccentric shaft is a workpiece composed of two cylindrical components with parallel but non-coincident axes. The eccentric shaft and connecting rod unit are fixed to the rotating shaft of a power source. When the power source is started, the eccentric shaft unit performs cam motion, and in the mechanical transmission, the rotary motion is converted into reciprocating linear motion. Eccentric shafts are widely used in assemblies with transmission mechanisms, such as automobiles, engines, and vacuum pumps.

[0003] Currently, the main assembly method for eccentric shafts and connecting rod units is as follows: the eccentric shaft is manually gripped and positioned according to the threaded hole, and the connecting rod unit is press-fitted to the eccentric shaft using a conventional cylinder. Due to the dimensional tolerance deviation of the threaded hole during processing, the eccentric shaft is prone to misalignment, resulting in misalignment between the connecting rod unit and the eccentric shaft when the cylinder is pressed down. This causes damage to the bearing press-fit, lack of pressure control during pneumatic cylinder operation, uncontrollable downward pressure, and abnormal phenomena such as instantaneous pressure increase. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of the prior art, this invention provides an automatic positioning and guiding unit, an automatic pressing device, and an automatic assembly system and method.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, an automatic positioning and guiding unit is provided, comprising:

[0007] A first pushing assembly for straightening an eccentric shaft, the first pushing assembly includes a first cylinder and a first adjusting part, the first adjusting part is disposed at the end of the first cylinder and can move to contact the top of the eccentric shaft under the thrust of the first cylinder, for pushing the eccentric shaft to a specified position;

[0008] The second pushing component is disposed directly below the first pushing component and is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the first pushing component in a first direction. The second pushing component includes a second cylinder and a first fixing part. The first fixing part is disposed at the end of the second cylinder and can move to contact the bottom of the eccentric shaft under the thrust of the second cylinder, for fixing the position of the eccentric shaft.

[0009] A positioning component for arranging and rotatably guiding the position of the eccentric shaft is disposed near the first fixing part. The bottom of the positioning component has a rolling adjustment part, which causes the eccentric shaft to automatically rotate until the end of the eccentric shaft is located at the center of the first adjustment part. The rolling adjustment part, together with the first adjustment part and the first fixing part, realizes the automatic positioning and guidance of the eccentric shaft.

[0010] Wherein, the first direction is the length direction of the eccentric shaft.

[0011] In some embodiments, when the eccentric shaft is arranged within the positioning assembly, the first cylinder pushes the first adjusting part to move until it contacts the top of the eccentric shaft. Under the combined action of the first adjusting part and the rolling adjusting part, the eccentric shaft automatically rotates and adjusts to the center of the first adjusting part. Then, the second cylinder pushes the first fixing part to move until it contacts the bottom of the eccentric shaft. At this time, the eccentric shaft is in a fixed state, and the first cylinder drives the first adjusting part to return to its original position.

[0012] In some embodiments, the end of the first adjustment portion has a V-shaped opening.

[0013] In some embodiments, the rolling adjustment part is a rolling bearing.

[0014] Secondly, an automatic pressing device is provided, which, in addition to the aforementioned automatic positioning and guiding unit, also includes:

[0015] The connecting rod assembly assembled with the eccentric shaft is positioned directly above the eccentric shaft, and the centerline of the connecting rod assembly coincides with the axis of the eccentric shaft;

[0016] A limiting seat for stabilizing the connecting rod assembly and preventing it from becoming unstable during press-fitting is provided on the top of the positioning assembly;

[0017] A servo electric cylinder for press-fitting the connecting rod assembly to the eccentric shaft is positioned directly above the connecting rod assembly; and

[0018] A mechanical gripper, positioned near the positioning assembly, is used to grip the eccentric shaft, the connecting rod assembly, and the pressed-fit components.

[0019] In some embodiments, the end of the servo electric cylinder has a pressure head for pressing the connecting rod assembly into the eccentric top. The pressure head is equipped with a pressure sensor and a displacement sensor. The pressure sensor can ensure that the pressure head presses down at a uniform speed and the downward pressure does not exceed the limit, so as not to damage the connecting rod assembly. The displacement sensor can compensate for the inaccuracy of the pressure sensor.

[0020] In some embodiments, the mechanical gripper has a vision sensor to prevent components from being missed during assembly.

[0021] Thirdly, an automated assembly system is provided, comprising at least two of the aforementioned automated pressing devices, all of which are evenly distributed, and further comprising:

[0022] A worktable is used to arrange the automatic pressing devices, and all the automatic pressing devices are evenly distributed on the worktable.

[0023] A motor for driving the worktable to rotate is disposed at the bottom of the worktable; and

[0024] A PLC programmable controller is mounted on the motor and electrically connected to the cylinders, servo cylinders, and mechanical grippers of each of the automatic pressing devices, and is used to control the operation of the automatic pressing devices.

[0025] Fourthly, an automatic assembly method is provided, applicable to the aforementioned automatic assembly system, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0026] Step S1: The PLC program controller controls the worktable to rotate to a designated position. After that, the mechanical gripper of each automatic pressing device grabs the eccentric shaft and puts the eccentric shaft into the corresponding positioning component. At this time, the top of all the eccentric shafts are arranged facing the center of the corresponding first adjustment part.

[0027] In step S2, the first cylinder of each of the automatic pressing devices pushes the first adjusting part to move to contact the top of the eccentric shaft. At this time, all the eccentric shafts automatically rotate and adjust to the center of the first adjusting part under the combined action of the corresponding first adjusting part and the rolling adjusting part.

[0028] Step S3: The second cylinder of each of the automatic pressing devices pushes the first fixing part to move to contact the bottom of the eccentric shaft. At this time, all the eccentric shafts are in a fixed state. After that, all the corresponding first cylinders drive the first adjusting part to return to its original position.

[0029] Step S4: The PLC program controller controls the worktable to rotate to another designated position. At this time, the mechanical gripper of each automatic pressing device grabs the linkage assembly and arranges the linkage assembly on the top of the eccentric shaft through the limiting seat. At this time, the axis of all the eccentric shafts coincides with the center line of the corresponding linkage assembly.

[0030] Step S5: The servo electric cylinder of each of the automatic pressing devices pushes the pressing head to move in the opposite direction of the first direction, so that all the connecting rod assemblies are pressed into the top of the corresponding eccentric shaft;

[0031] Step S6: The PLC program controller controls the workbench to rotate to the next designated position. At this time, the mechanical gripper picks up the assembled component and puts the component into the designated container.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention achieves automatic positioning and guidance of the eccentric shaft through the end straightening design of the first pushing component, the rotational guiding design of the positioning component, and the positioning design of the second pushing component. Combined with various designs such as the speed and pressure control of the PLC program controller, the mechanical gripper, and the servo electric cylinder, it not only effectively solves the problems of inaccurate positioning of the eccentric shaft, damage to the connecting rod assembly during pressing, and unstable pressing force, but also improves production efficiency and realizes automated assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an automatic positioning and guiding unit provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first adjustment part provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first fixing part provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning component provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a top view of a positioning component provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic pressing device provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a top view of the automatic pressing device provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an automatic assembly system provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To better understand the technical solution of this application, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] This invention provides an automatic positioning and guiding unit, which solves the problems of inaccurate positioning of eccentric shafts and low assembly efficiency. This invention also provides an automatic pressing device implemented using the automatic positioning and guiding unit, as well as an automatic assembly system and method implemented using the automatic pressing device.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the automatic positioning and guiding unit 10 includes a first pushing component 101, a second pushing component 102, and a positioning component 103; wherein, the length direction of the eccentric shaft 40 is the first direction Z, and the direction perpendicular to the first direction Z is the second direction X. The first pushing component 101 is used to straighten the eccentric shaft 40, and includes a first cylinder 1011 and a first adjusting part 1012. The first adjusting part 1012 is disposed at the end of the first cylinder 1011 and can move under the thrust of the first cylinder 1011 to contact the top of the eccentric shaft 40, for pushing the eccentric shaft 40 to a designated position; the second pushing component 102 is disposed directly below the first pushing component 101 and is arranged parallel to the first pushing component 101 in the first direction Z, and includes a second cylinder 1021 and a first fixing part 1022. The first fixing part 1022 is disposed at the end of the second cylinder 1021 and can move under the thrust of the first cylinder 101 to contact the top of the eccentric shaft 40, for pushing the eccentric shaft 40 to a designated position; the second pushing component 102 is disposed directly below the first pushing component 101 and is arranged parallel to the first pushing component 101 in the first direction Z, and includes a second cylinder 1021 and a first fixing part 1022. Under the thrust of the second cylinder 1021, it moves to contact the bottom of the eccentric shaft 40 to fix its position. The positioning component 103 is used to arrange the eccentric shaft 40 and rotate it to guide its position. It is located near the first fixing part 1022. The bottom of the positioning component 103 has a rolling adjustment part 1031. The rolling adjustment part 1031 causes the eccentric shaft 40 to automatically rotate until its end is located at the center of the first adjustment part 1012. The rolling adjustment part 1031, together with the first adjustment part 1012 and the first fixing part 1022, achieves automatic positioning and guidance of the eccentric shaft 40. In one embodiment, as shown... Figure 1-5 As shown, the first pushing assembly 101 includes a first cylinder 1011 and a first adjusting part 1012. The first adjusting part 1012 is disposed at the right end of the first cylinder 1011. Under the thrust of the first cylinder 1011, the first adjusting part 1012 reciprocates along the second direction X and can move to contact the top of the eccentric shaft 40, for pushing the eccentric shaft 40 to move directly below the pressure head 2011 of the servo motor 302; in one embodiment, as... Figure 2As shown, the end of the first adjusting part 1012 has a V-shaped opening, which is the most advantageous shape for guiding the eccentric shaft 40. The second pushing assembly 102 is disposed directly below the first pushing assembly 101 and is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the first pushing assembly 101 in the first direction Z. It includes a second cylinder 1021 and a first fixing part 1022. The first fixing part 1022 is connected to the end of the second cylinder 1021. The first fixing part 1022 can be moved approximately in the second direction X under the thrust of the second cylinder 1021 and can be moved to contact the bottom of the eccentric shaft 40 to fix the position of the eccentric shaft 40. The positioning component 103 is used to arrange the eccentric shaft 40 and rotate it to guide its position. It is located adjacent to and directly below the first fixing part 1022. The bottom of the positioning component 103 has a rolling adjustment part 1031, which allows the eccentric shaft 40 to automatically rotate until its end is located at the center of the first adjustment part 1012. The rolling adjustment part 1031, together with the first adjustment part 1012 and the first fixing part 1022, achieves automatic positioning and guidance of the eccentric shaft 40. In one embodiment, as shown... Figure 4-5 As shown, the rolling adjustment part 1031 adopts a rolling bearing.

[0045] When the eccentric shaft 40 is arranged in the positioning assembly 103, the first cylinder 1011 pushes the first adjusting part 1012 to move to contact the top of the eccentric shaft 40. Under the combined action of the first adjusting part 1012 and the rolling adjusting part 1031, the eccentric shaft 40 automatically rotates and adjusts to the center of the first adjusting part 1012. Then, the second cylinder 1021 pushes the first fixing part 1022 to move to contact the bottom of the eccentric shaft 40. At this time, the eccentric shaft 40 is in a fixed state, and the first cylinder 1011 drives the first adjusting part 1012 to return to its original position.

[0046] like Figure 6-7 As shown, in one embodiment, an automatic pressing device 20 is provided, which, in addition to the automatic positioning and guiding unit 10 described above, also includes a linkage assembly 50, a limit seat 1032, a servo electric cylinder 201, and a mechanical gripper 202.

[0047] The connecting rod assembly 50 is assembled with the eccentric shaft 40 and positioned directly above the eccentric shaft 40, with the centerline of the connecting rod assembly 50 coinciding with the axis of the eccentric shaft 40; the limiting seat 1032 is used to straighten the connecting rod assembly 50 and prevent the connecting rod assembly 50 from being unstable during press-fitting, and is positioned on top of the positioning assembly 103; in one embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the limiting seat 1032 is disposed on the top of the positioning assembly 103, and the connecting rod assembly 50 is disposed on the limiting seat 1032 such that the center line of the connecting rod assembly 50 coincides with the axis of the eccentric shaft 40, so as to facilitate subsequent press-fitting.

[0048] The servo electric cylinder 201 is used to press-fit the connecting rod assembly 50 to the eccentric shaft 40, and is positioned directly above the connecting rod assembly 50; in one embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the servo motor 302 is positioned directly above the connecting rod assembly 50. The end of the servo cylinder 201 has a pressure head 2011, which reciprocates along the first direction Z under the thrust of the servo cylinder 201, pressing the connecting rod assembly 50 into the top of the eccentric shaft 40. In one embodiment, the pressure head 2011 is equipped with a pressure sensor 2011a and a displacement sensor. The pressure sensor 2011a ensures that the pressure head 2011 presses down at a uniform speed and the downward pressure does not exceed the limit, so that the connecting rod assembly 50 will not be damaged. The displacement sensor can compensate for the inaccuracy of the pressure sensor. In one embodiment, the servo electric cylinder 201 controls the pressing head 2011 to have a downward pressure of 12-13.5 kN and a pressing speed of 10-15 mm / s. When the pressure sensor 2011a detects that the downward pressure of the pressing head 2011 has reached the set value, the servo electric cylinder 201 retracts, ensuring that the pressing head 2011 presses down at a uniform speed and that the downward pressure does not exceed the limit. Under this pressure parameter control, after the connecting rod assembly 50 is pressed in, the inner shaft surface of the connecting rod assembly 50 is undamaged, rotates flexibly, and is free from jamming, which is an ideal state. In one embodiment, the pressing parameters in this technical solution can also be adjusted and used in the press-fitting of any product with interference fit between the hole and the shaft, such as the press-fitting of guide bushings and holes, the press-fitting of balls and holes, etc. Because these parts have upper and lower tolerances, the pressing force will be different. Without the range control of the downward pressure, it is not easy to detect parts with out-of-tolerance dimensions. In one embodiment, when multiple coaxial linkage assemblies 50 are press-fitted with a single eccentric shaft, the control mode can be adjusted to displacement mode according to the actual situation. At this time, the displacement parameters of the servo cylinder 201 can be set according to the actual product size. When the displacement sensor detects the set value, the servo cylinder 201 retracts, which can make up for the shortcomings of inaccurate pressure monitoring caused by the small downward stroke in pressure mode.

[0049] The mechanical gripper 202 is positioned adjacent to the positioning assembly 103 for gripping the eccentric shaft 40, the connecting rod assembly 50, and the pressed-fit components. In one embodiment, as... Figure 6-7 As shown, the mechanical gripper 202 is positioned near the positioning component 103. The mechanical gripper 202 has a vision sensor to prevent components from being missed during assembly. When the mechanical gripper 202 grips a part, the vision sensor can take a picture. The captured image is compared and analyzed with a reference image to make appropriate processing, which can effectively prevent small parts from being missed during assembly.

[0050] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6-7As shown, when the eccentric shaft 40 is in a fixed state under the action of the first fixing part 1022, the mechanical gripper 202 grabs the connecting rod assembly 50 and arranges the connecting rod assembly 50 on the top of the eccentric shaft 40 through the limiting seat 1032. At this time, the axis of all eccentric shafts 40 coincides with the center line of the corresponding connecting rod assembly 50. Then, the servo electric cylinder 201 pushes the pressure head 2011 to move in the opposite direction of the first direction Z, so that the connecting rod assembly 50 is pressed into the top of the eccentric shaft 40.

[0051] To increase production output, the automatic pressing device 20 can be arranged in a rectangular or circular multi-station configuration and operate synchronously. The automatic pressing device 20 can be positioned on a rotary table, whose operation is controlled by a PLC program to allow the internal motors to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise in a regular pattern. Mechanical grippers 202 are mainly arranged beside the workstations, and the specific number of mechanical grippers 202 can be determined based on the actual number of parts being assembled and production efficiency. In one embodiment, as... Figure 8 As shown, an automated assembly system 30 is provided, including at least two automated pressing devices 20, all of which are evenly distributed. It also includes a worktable 301, a motor 302, and a PLC programmable controller. The worktable 301 is used to arrange all the automated pressing devices 20, which are evenly distributed on the worktable 301. The motor 302, located at the bottom of the worktable 301, drives the worktable 301 to rotate.

[0052] The PLC programmable controller is mounted on the motor 302 and electrically connected to the servo cylinder 201 and mechanical gripper 202 of each automatic pressing device 20, and is used to control the operation of the automatic pressing device 20. In one embodiment, as... Figure 8 As shown, the worktable 301 is circular in shape, and the motor 302 is located at the bottom center of the worktable 301 to drive its rotation. Six automatic pressing devices 20 are evenly distributed on the edge of the worktable 301. In one embodiment, the PLC program controller controls the worktable 301 to rotate clockwise until the servo motor 302 corresponds to the automatic positioning guide unit 10. At this time, the mechanical grippers 202 of each automatic pressing device 20 grasp the eccentric shaft 40 and place it into the corresponding positioning component 103. At this time, the tops of all eccentric shafts 40 are arranged facing the center of the corresponding first adjustment part 1012. Afterward, the automatic positioning guide unit 10 automatically guides the position of the eccentric shafts 40. At this time, all eccentric shafts 40 are automatically rotated and adjusted to the center of the first adjustment part 1012 under the combined action of the corresponding first adjustment part 1012 and the rolling adjustment part 1031. All eccentric shafts 40 are in a fixed state.

[0053] Afterwards, the PLC program controller controls the workbench 301 to continue rotating clockwise until the servo motor 302 corresponds one-to-one with the automatic positioning guide unit 10. At this time, the mechanical gripper 202 of each automatic pressing device 20 grips the connecting rod assembly 50 and arranges the connecting rod assembly 50 on the top of the eccentric shaft 40 through the limit seat 1032. Then, each servo electric cylinder 201 presses the connecting rod assembly 50 and the eccentric shaft 40.

[0054] Afterwards, the PLC program controller controls the workbench 301 to continue rotating clockwise until the servo motor 302 corresponds one-to-one with the automatic positioning guide unit 10. At this time, each mechanical gripper 202 grabs the assembled component and puts the component into the corresponding container.

[0055] An automated assembly method includes the following steps:

[0056] Step S1: Control the workbench 301 to rotate to a designated position via the PLC program controller. After that, the mechanical gripper 202 of each automatic pressing device 20 grips the eccentric shaft 40 and places the eccentric shaft 40 into the corresponding positioning component 103. At this time, the top of all eccentric shafts 40 are arranged facing the center of the corresponding first adjustment part 1012.

[0057] When the PLC program controller controls the workbench 301 to rotate clockwise until the servo motor 302 corresponds to the automatic positioning guide unit 10, the mechanical gripper 202 of each automatic pressing device 20 grabs the eccentric shaft 40 and puts the eccentric shaft 40 into the corresponding positioning component 103. At this time, the top of all the eccentric shafts 40 are arranged facing the center of the corresponding first adjustment part 1012.

[0058] In step S2, the first cylinder 1011 of each automatic pressing device 20 pushes the first adjustment part 1012 to move to contact the top of the eccentric shaft 40. At this time, all eccentric shafts 40 automatically rotate and adjust to the center of the first adjustment part 1012 under the combined action of the corresponding first adjustment part 1012 and the rolling adjustment part 1031.

[0059] In step S3, the first fixing part 1022 is moved to contact the bottom of the eccentric shaft 40 by the second cylinder 1021 of each automatic pressing device 20. At this time, all eccentric shafts 40 are in a fixed state. After that, all corresponding first cylinders 1011 drive the first adjusting part 1012 to return to the original position.

[0060] When the eccentric shaft 40 is arranged in the positioning assembly 103, the first cylinder 1011 pushes the first adjusting part 1012 to move to contact the top of the eccentric shaft 40. Under the combined action of the first adjusting part 1012 and the rolling adjusting part 1031, the eccentric shaft 40 automatically rotates and adjusts to the center of the first adjusting part 1012. Then, the second cylinder 1021 pushes the first fixing part 1022 to move to contact the bottom of the eccentric shaft 40. At this time, all eccentric shafts 40 are in a fixed state, and the first cylinder 1011 drives the first adjusting part 1012 to return to its original position.

[0061] In step S4, the workbench 301 is rotated to another designated position by the PLC program controller. At this time, the mechanical gripper 202 of each automatic pressing device 20 grabs the connecting rod assembly 50 and arranges the connecting rod assembly 50 on the top of the eccentric shaft 40 through the limit seat 1032. At this time, the axis of all eccentric shafts 40 coincides with the center line of the corresponding connecting rod assembly 50.

[0062] The PLC program controller controls the worktable 301 to continue rotating clockwise until the servo motor 302 corresponds one-to-one with the automatic positioning guide unit 10. At this time, the mechanical gripper 202 of each automatic pressing device 20 grips the connecting rod assembly 50 and arranges the connecting rod assembly 50 on the top of the eccentric shaft 40 through the limit seat 1032.

[0063] Step S5: The servo electric cylinder 201 of each automatic pressing device 20 pushes the pressing head 2011 to move in the opposite direction to the first direction, so that all the connecting rod assemblies 50 are pressed into the top of the corresponding eccentric shaft 40.

[0064] Step S6: The workbench 301 is rotated to the next designated position by the PLC program controller. At this time, the mechanical gripper 202 grabs the assembled component and puts the component into the designated container.

[0065] The PLC program controller controls the workbench 301 to continue rotating clockwise until the servo motor 302 corresponds one-to-one with the automatic positioning guide unit 10. At this time, the mechanical gripper 202 grabs the assembled component and puts the component into the corresponding container.

[0066] This invention achieves automatic positioning and guidance of the eccentric shaft 40 through the combined action of the first adjusting part 1012, the first fixing part 1022, and the rolling adjusting part 1031. It features small size, simple structure, and strong practicality, and can effectively solve the problem of inaccurate positioning of the eccentric shaft 40. At the same time, the automatic positioning and guiding unit 10 is combined with various designs such as speed and pressure control of PLC program controller, mechanical gripper 202 and servo electric cylinder 201, which effectively solves the problems of damage to the connecting rod assembly 50 during pressing and unstable pressing force, and also improves production efficiency and realizes automated assembly.

[0067] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of one or more embodiments of this specification and is not intended to limit the scope of one or more embodiments of this specification. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of this specification should be included within the protection scope of one or more embodiments of this specification.

Claims

1. An automatic positioning and guiding unit, characterized in that, include: A first pushing assembly for straightening an eccentric shaft, the first pushing assembly includes a first cylinder and a first adjusting part, the first adjusting part is disposed at the end of the first cylinder and can move to contact the top of the eccentric shaft under the thrust of the first cylinder, for pushing the eccentric shaft to a specified position; The second pushing component is disposed directly below the first pushing component and is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the first pushing component in a first direction. The second pushing component includes a second cylinder and a first fixing part. The first fixing part is disposed at the end of the second cylinder and can move to contact the bottom of the eccentric shaft under the thrust of the second cylinder, for fixing the position of the eccentric shaft. A positioning component for arranging and rotatably guiding the position of the eccentric shaft is disposed near the first fixing part. The bottom of the positioning component has a rolling adjustment part, which causes the eccentric shaft to automatically rotate until the end of the eccentric shaft is located at the center of the first adjustment part. The rolling adjustment part, together with the first adjustment part and the first fixing part, constitutes the automatic positioning and guiding structure of the eccentric shaft. Wherein, the first direction is the length direction of the eccentric shaft.

2. The automatic positioning and guiding unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the eccentric shaft is arranged in the positioning assembly, the first cylinder pushes the first adjusting part to move to contact the top of the eccentric shaft. Under the combined action of the first adjusting part and the rolling adjusting part, the eccentric shaft automatically rotates and adjusts to the center of the first adjusting part. Then, the second cylinder pushes the first fixing part to move to contact the bottom of the eccentric shaft. At this time, the eccentric shaft is in a fixed state, and the first cylinder drives the first adjusting part to return to its original position.

3. The automatic positioning and guiding unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the first adjustment part has a V-shaped opening.

4. The automatic positioning and guiding unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rolling adjustment part uses a rolling bearing.

5. An automatic pressing device, characterized in that, In addition to the automatic positioning and guiding unit as described in any one of claims 1-4, it also includes: The connecting rod assembly assembled with the eccentric shaft is positioned directly above the eccentric shaft, and the centerline of the connecting rod assembly coincides with the axis of the eccentric shaft; A limiting seat for stabilizing the connecting rod assembly and preventing it from becoming unstable during press-fitting is provided on the top of the positioning assembly; A servo electric cylinder for press-fitting the connecting rod assembly to the eccentric shaft is positioned directly above the connecting rod assembly; and A mechanical gripper, positioned near the positioning assembly, is used to grip the eccentric shaft, the connecting rod assembly, and the pressed-fit components.

6. The automatic pressing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The end of the servo electric cylinder has a pressure head for pressing the connecting rod assembly into the top of the eccentric shaft. The pressure head is equipped with a pressure sensor and a displacement sensor. The pressure sensor can ensure that the pressure head presses down at a uniform speed.

7. The automatic pressing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mechanical gripper is equipped with a vision sensor to prevent components from being missed during assembly.

8. An automated assembly system, characterized in that, Including at least two automatic pressing devices as described in claim 6, all automatic pressing devices being evenly distributed, and further comprising: A worktable is used to arrange the automatic pressing devices, and all the automatic pressing devices are evenly distributed on the worktable. A motor for driving the worktable to rotate is disposed at the bottom of the worktable; and A PLC programmable controller is mounted on the motor and electrically connected to the cylinders, servo cylinders, and mechanical grippers of each of the automatic pressing devices, and is used to control the operation of the automatic pressing devices.

9. An automatic assembly method, applicable to the automatic assembly system described in claim 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: The PLC program controller controls the worktable to rotate to a designated position. After that, the mechanical gripper of each automatic pressing device grabs the eccentric shaft and puts the eccentric shaft into the corresponding positioning component. At this time, the top of all the eccentric shafts are arranged facing the center of the corresponding first adjustment part. In step S2, the first cylinder of each of the automatic pressing devices pushes the first adjusting part to move to contact the top of the eccentric shaft. At this time, all the eccentric shafts automatically rotate and adjust to the center of the first adjusting part under the combined action of the corresponding first adjusting part and the rolling adjusting part. Step S3: The second cylinder of each of the automatic pressing devices pushes the first fixing part to move to contact the bottom of the eccentric shaft. At this time, all the eccentric shafts are in a fixed state. After that, all the corresponding first cylinders drive the first adjusting part to return to its original position. Step S4: The PLC program controller controls the worktable to rotate to another designated position. At this time, the mechanical gripper of each automatic pressing device grabs the linkage assembly and arranges the linkage assembly on the top of the eccentric shaft through the limiting seat. At this time, the axis of all the eccentric shafts coincides with the center line of the corresponding linkage assembly. Step S5: The servo electric cylinder of each of the automatic pressing devices pushes the pressing head to move in the opposite direction of the first direction, so that all the connecting rod assemblies are pressed into the top of the corresponding eccentric shaft; Step S6: The PLC program controller controls the workbench to rotate to the next designated position. At this time, the mechanical gripper picks up the assembled component and puts the component into the designated container.

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