Durable load-resistant all-steel radial double crown structure

Abstract

The invention relates to a durable load-resistant all-steel radial double-crown structure which comprises a tire body and a crown belt arranged in an interlayer in the tire body, a low-heat-generation protection rubber layer and a steel wire binding layer are sequentially arranged outside the crown belt, and a plurality of tire grooves are formed in the tread of the tire body. According to the durable load-resistant all-steel radial double crown structure, the low-heat-generation protection rubber layer and the steel wire binding layer are arranged on the crown belt, so that heat generated in the running process of the tire can be remarkably reduced, and meanwhile, the tire has higher wear resistance, fatigue resistance and bearing capacity under the conditions of high load and long-time working; therefore, the overall service life of the tire is prolonged, and the risk of common faults such as shoulder clearance is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tire manufacturing, and particularly to a double-crown structure of all-steel radial tires with high durability and load resistance. Background Art

[0002] A tire is a circular elastic rubber product assembled on various vehicles or machines. It is usually installed on a metal rim and serves to support the vehicle body, buffer external impacts, contact the road surface, and ensure driving performance. Since tires often work under complex and harsh conditions and need to withstand various deformations, loads, forces, and the influence of high and low temperatures during driving, they must possess several key properties, including high load-bearing capacity, traction, cushioning, wear resistance, flex resistance, and at the same time, reduce rolling resistance and heat generation.

[0003] However, there are often certain contradictions among these properties. Tires with strong load-bearing performance are often not conducive to heat dissipation, while tires with good heat dissipation performance usually have difficulty meeting high-strength load requirements. This contradiction between load-bearing capacity and heat dissipation is a major problem in tire design. Specifically, tires with strong load-bearing performance are prone to problems such as shoulder voids in the later stage of use due to high loads and high temperatures; while tires with better heat dissipation performance, due to material and structural limitations, have relatively weak load-bearing capacity and wear resistance, resulting in a significant reduction in service life. Therefore, a double-crown structure of all-steel radial tires with high durability and load resistance is proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a double-crown structure of all-steel radial tires with high durability and load resistance, which solves the problem that existing tires cannot balance load-bearing capacity and heat dissipation effect.

[0005] The technical solution for the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: A double-crown structure of all-steel radial tires with high durability and load resistance includes a carcass, and a crown belt disposed in the inner layer of the carcass. An anti-heat generation protection rubber layer and a steel wire binding layer are sequentially disposed outside the crown belt. Multiple tread grooves are provided on the tread of the carcass.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0007] Further, the anti-heat generation protection rubber layer is made by co-extrusion of hydrogenated nitrile rubber, carbon quantum dots, aramid short fibers, cerium oxide, graphene quantum dots, silica, vulcanization mixture, and processing aids.

[0008] Further, the proportions of the hydrogenated nitrile rubber, carbon quantum dots, aramid short fibers, cerium oxide, graphene quantum dots, silica, vulcanization mixture, and processing aids are 44.5%, 3%, 12%, 5%, 0.5%, 25%, 7%, and 3% in sequence.

[0009] Furthermore, the steel wire binding layer is arranged circumferentially along the carcass.

[0010] Furthermore, a heat dissipation structure is also provided between the low heat generation protection rubber layer and the steel wire binding layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the heat dissipation structure includes a phase change heat dissipation part arranged between the low heat generation protection rubber layer and the steel wire binding layer; The phase change heat dissipation part includes an annular vacuum layer arranged between the low heat generation protection rubber layer and the steel wire binding layer. A vacuum cavity is arranged inside the annular vacuum layer, and supercritical carbon dioxide is filled in the vacuum cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the annular vacuum layer includes a honeycomb cavity made of carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone material. A flexible composite layer is arranged on the inner wall surface of the honeycomb cavity, and a plurality of compression cavities are arranged in the flexible composite layer.

[0013] Furthermore, an annular groove is arranged at the bottom of the annular vacuum layer; The heat dissipation structure also includes a plurality of deformation heat dissipation fins arranged equidistantly on the outer side of the low heat generation protection rubber layer, and the deformation heat dissipation fins are located in the annular groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the deformation heat dissipation fin includes two symmetrically arranged bent elastic sheets. The ends of the two bent elastic sheets are connected by an end bent elastic sheet. A Z-shaped support sheet is arranged on the outer side of the middle bent part of the end bent elastic sheet. A temperature-controlled shape memory alloy sheet is arranged between the middle bent parts of the two bent elastic sheets. The four ends of the two bent elastic sheets are respectively in contact with the upper and lower sides thereof.

[0015] Furthermore, a plurality of isolation sheets are arranged in the vacuum cavity for separating the vacuum cavity into a plurality of cavities with a rectangular cross-section; Both the flexible composite layer and the compression cavity are fluororubber composite layers.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present application has the following beneficial technical effects: 1. For this durable load-bearing all-steel radial double crown structure, by providing a low heat generation protection rubber layer and a steel wire binding layer on the crown belt, the heat generated during the operation of the tire can be significantly reduced. At the same time, it ensures that under high load and long-term working conditions, the tire has higher wear resistance, fatigue resistance and load-bearing capacity, thereby extending the overall service life of the tire and reducing the occurrence risk of common faults such as shoulder voids.

[0017] 2. The durable and load-resistant all-steel radial double crown structure has a phase change heat dissipation part between the low heat generation protective rubber layer and the steel wire binding layer. The phase change heat dissipation part combines a metal heat sink and a temperature-controlled shape memory alloy sheet. The supercritical carbon dioxide filled in the phase change heat dissipation part changes from liquid to gas to achieve the heat dissipation effect. At the same time, when the temperature reaches a certain height, the bent elastic sheet of the deformation heat sink can be stretched open by the deformation of the temperature-controlled shape memory alloy sheet at high temperature, thereby increasing the contact area of ​​heat conduction and improving the heat dissipation efficiency. The heat dissipation effect can be adjusted according to temperature changes, effectively avoiding tire performance degradation and safety hazards caused by overheating, and preventing the tire temperature from being too low due to excessive heat dissipation under low temperature conditions, causing adverse conditions such as rubber hardening. The tire is always maintained in the optimal operating temperature range, and the reliable performance and long-term durability of the tire in different temperature environments are fully guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a durable and load-resistant all-steel radial double crown structure provided in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a durable and load-resistant all-steel radial double crown structure provided in the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure in the middle; Figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a phase change heat dissipation portion in a second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure B in the middle; Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a deformable heat sink in a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows: 1. Carcass; 2. Crown belt; 3. Low heat generation protective rubber layer; 4. Steel wire binding layer; 5. Tire groove; 6. Deformation heat sink; 601. Bending elastic sheet; 602. End bending spring sheet; 603. Temperature control shape memory alloy sheet; 604. Z-shaped support sheet; 7. Annular vacuum layer; 701. Honeycomb cavity; 702. Flexible composite layer; 703. Isolation sheet; 704. Compression cavity; 8. Annular groove; 9. Vacuum cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1 As Figure 1 shown, a durable load-bearing all-steel radial double crown structure in this embodiment includes a carcass 1 and a crown belt 2 disposed in the inner sandwich of the carcass 1. The structures of the carcass 1 and the crown belt 2 are common technical means in the art, so they will not be described in detail here. An anti-heat generation protection rubber layer 3 and a steel wire binding layer 4 are sequentially disposed outside the crown belt 2. The anti-heat generation protection rubber layer 3 can effectively inhibit the deformation force of the crown belt 2, and at the same time, avoid heat generation through its own low-heat generation characteristics. In addition, the steel wire binding layer 4 can further strengthen the load-bearing and deformation force of the crown, so that even if it encounters punctures, it will not cause crown explosion. At the same time, during long-distance transportation, the anti-heat generation protection rubber layer 3 is not easily deformed and worn, extending the secondary life of the tire. In addition, a plurality of tread grooves 5 are provided on the tread of the carcass 1, which can achieve the effects of cost avoidance and heat dissipation.

[0022] Designed in this way, the anti-heat generation protection rubber layer 3 and the steel wire binding layer 4 can form a second crown in addition to the crown belt 2. The steel wire binding layer 4 and the anti-heat generation protection rubber layer 3 cooperate to disperse stress, reduce the circumferential stress fluctuation, improve its load-bearing capacity, and at the same time reduce heat. In this embodiment, the anti-heat generation protection rubber layer 3 is made by co-extrusion of hydrogenated nitrile rubber, carbon quantum dots, aramid short fibers, cerium oxide, graphene quantum dots, silica, vulcanization mixture and processing aids, and the proportions of hydrogenated nitrile rubber, carbon quantum dots, aramid short fibers, cerium oxide, graphene quantum dots, silica, vulcanization mixture and processing aids are 44.5%, 3%, 12%, 5%, 0.5%, 25%, 7%, 3% in sequence.

[0023] Among them, the vulcanization mixture includes sulfur, accelerator and auxiliary vulcanization mixture, which are pre-mixed in accordance with the specified proportions in advance to ensure uniform and sufficient subsequent vulcanization reaction; the processing aids include rheology regulators, antioxidants and anti-aging agents, etc. These aids help to improve the fluidity of the mixing process, prevent premature vulcanization, and at the same time enhance the thermal stability of the rubber compound.

[0024] Its specific processing process is as follows: Primary mixing: Pour the pretreated hydrogenated nitrile rubber into a mixer, heat it to 80 - 100 °C to fully soften the rubber, maintain a certain shear force, and ensure that the rubber matrix reaches the best processing state.

[0025] Add the functional components step by step. First, add the pre-dispersed carbon quantum dots and graphene quantum dots, and use high shear force to quickly disperse the nanomaterials in the rubber to form a microscopic heat dissipation network. Then, add the surface-roughened aramid short fibers to make them evenly distributed in the rubber matrix to provide structural reinforcement and stress dispersion. Next, add cerium oxide to enhance the antioxidant and wear-resistant effects by using its fine particle characteristics. Add silica, and at this time, special attention should be paid to the mixing time and temperature. The mixing time is generally controlled within 8 - 12 minutes to ensure that the silica is fully dispersed without agglomeration.

[0026] Add the vulcanization mixture and processing aids. After the above components are mixed evenly, quickly add the pre-prepared vulcanization mixture and processing aids, and continue mixing for 1 - 2 minutes. At this time, temperature control is particularly crucial to avoid premature vulcanization caused by too high temperature.

[0027] It should be noted that a continuous exhaust system is adopted throughout the mixing process to prevent uneven vulcanization or bubble defects caused by air incorporation.

[0028] Extrusion molding: Pass the evenly mixed rubber compound through a vacuum exhaust device during transportation to remove the internal micro-bubbles and ensure the quality of subsequent molding. Use a rubber extruder to extrude the rubber compound into strip-shaped or sheet-shaped products. The mold design ensures that the thickness of the rubber layer is uniform, usually controlled between 2 - 5 mm. The temperature during extrusion is maintained between 110 - 120 °C, which can not only maintain the fluidity of the rubber compound but also prevent local premature vulcanization.

[0029] Vulcanization and shaping: Put the extruded rubber layer into a preheated vulcanization mold. The vulcanization temperature is set at 140 - 160 °C, and the vulcanization time is controlled within 15 - 25 minutes. During this process, the vulcanization mixture is activated, and a strong three-dimensional cross-linking network is formed between the rubber matrix and the reinforcing material, ensuring that the final product has excellent high-temperature resistance, wear resistance, and fatigue resistance. After vulcanization, quickly cool the product to room temperature and perform shaping treatment to ensure the stability of the size and physical properties of the rubber layer. During the shaping process, a uniform cooling process is adopted to avoid internal stress concentration caused by sudden temperature drop.

[0030] Designed in this way, the low heat generation protection rubber layer 3 ensures the uniform dispersion of each nanomaterial and reinforcing fiber during the processing, and forms a dense and uniform three-dimensional cross-linked structure by precisely controlling the mixing, extrusion, and vulcanization parameters. Finally, this rubber layer can not only effectively reduce the heat generated by high-speed operation but also greatly improve the wear resistance, fatigue resistance, and load-bearing capacity of the tire, providing a solid material guarantee for the durable and load-bearing all-steel radial double crown structure and solving the problem of insufficient heat management of traditional tires under high loads.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the steel wire binding layer 4 is arranged circumferentially along the carcass 1, and its function is to provide additional structural support under high loads and complex dynamic loads, ensuring the overall deformation control and long-term durability of the tire.

[0032] Embodiment 2 As Figures 2-7 shown, in order to further optimize the heat dissipation performance of the tire, a dedicated heat dissipation structure is provided between the low heat generation protection rubber layer 3 and the steel wire binding layer 4.

[0033] The heat dissipation structure includes a phase change heat dissipation part arranged between the low heat generation protection rubber layer 3 and the steel wire binding layer 4. The phase change heat dissipation part utilizes the phase change heat effect of supercritical carbon dioxide and the annular vacuum structure to achieve heat management.

[0034] Furthermore, the phase change heat dissipation part includes an annular vacuum layer 7 arranged between the low heat generation protection rubber layer 3 and the steel wire binding layer 4. A vacuum chamber 9 is arranged inside the annular vacuum layer 7, and supercritical carbon dioxide is filled in the vacuum chamber 9. The supercritical carbon dioxide is in a liquid state, and its phase change temperature is 31°C. When the temperature exceeds 31°C, the supercritical carbon dioxide changes into a gas. By utilizing the characteristic of absorbing latent heat during the phase change process, the phase change heat dissipation part can quickly absorb and dissipate local heat under the high-temperature working state of the tire, effectively reducing the temperature rise and preventing the formation of hot spots.

[0035] It should be noted that when initially filling the liquid supercritical carbon dioxide, it accounts for 70% of the cavity volume, and a 30% expansion space is reserved.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the annular vacuum layer 7 includes a honeycomb cavity 701 made of carbon fiber reinforced polyether ether ketone material. The honeycomb structure has high strength, low density, and excellent high-temperature resistance. While forming the wall, it maintains a certain degree of support. A flexible composite layer 702 is arranged on the inner wall surface of the honeycomb cavity 701, and a plurality of compression cavities 704 are arranged in the flexible composite layer 702, which not only ensures good sealing performance but also can deform appropriately under local stress, so as to adapt to the space required during the phase change of supercritical carbon dioxide.

[0037] In addition, in order to achieve controllability of the heat dissipation effect for different environments, the heat dissipation structure further includes a plurality of deformation heat dissipation fins 6 arranged equidistantly on the outer side of the low heat generation protection rubber layer 3, and an annular groove 8 for accommodating the deformation heat dissipation fins 6 is arranged at the bottom of the annular vacuum layer 7.

[0038] Furthermore, the deformable heat sink 6 includes two symmetrically arranged bent elastic sheets 601, and the four ends of the two bent elastic sheets 601 are in contact with the upper and lower sides thereof respectively. The bent elastic sheets 601 are metal heat sink springs made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy materials with high thermal conductivity. They have excellent thermal conductivity and structural rigidity, and can quickly conduct and dissipate local heat under high-speed rotation and high-load conditions of the tire. The bending point of the bent elastic sheet 601 is located in the middle thereof, and the two bent elastic sheets 601 are bent in opposite directions.

[0039] The ends of the two bent elastic sheets 601 are connected by the end bent spring sheets 602 to ensure that the overall structure remains stable during high-speed rotation. At the same time, the deformation requirements of the bent elastic sheets 601 can be met through the bent elastic structure. The bending points of the end bent spring sheets 602 are both located in the middle, and the two end bent spring sheets 602 are bent in directions away from each other.

[0040] A Z-shaped support sheet 604 is provided on the outer side of the middle bend of the end bend spring sheet 602 for being fixed on the low heat generation protective adhesive layer 3 to provide good supporting force.

[0041] The end bending spring piece 602 and the Z-shaped supporting piece 604 are both made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy.

[0042] A temperature-controlled shape memory alloy sheet 603 is arranged between the middle bends of the two bend elastic sheets 601. The temperature-controlled shape memory alloy sheet 603 is a Ni-Ti-Cu alloy with a phase change temperature of 75°C. After special heat treatment, it is a curved sideways U-shape at room temperature. When the local temperature of the tire reaches 75°C during operation, the temperature-controlled shape memory alloy sheet 603 automatically deforms to open the bend elastic sheet 601, thereby increasing its contact area with the upper layer, thereby significantly improving the heat dissipation intensity and effectively preventing local overheating, so that the tire can dissipate heat more effectively under high temperature and high load conditions, thereby extending the tire service life and improving safety performance. At the same time, it can reduce the heat dissipation contact area under low temperature conditions to prevent the tire temperature from being too low.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of isolation sheets 703 are provided in the vacuum chamber 9 to separate the vacuum chamber 9 into a plurality of cavities with rectangular cross sections, so as to make the heat conduction path more uniform and controlled and prevent local overheating.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the flexible composite layer 702 and the compression chamber 704 are both fluororubber composite layers.

[0045] The above are only preferred specific implementation modes of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A durable and load-resistant all-steel radial double crown structure, comprising a carcass (1), and a crown belt (2) arranged in an inner layer of the carcass (1), characterized in that: A low heat generation protective rubber layer (3) and a steel wire binding layer (4) are sequentially arranged on the outside of the crown belt (2), and a plurality of tire grooves (5) are arranged on the tread of the tire body (1).

2. The durable load-resistant all-steel radial double crown structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low heat generation protective rubber layer (3) is formed by mixing and extruding hydrogenated nitrile rubber, carbon quantum dots, aramid staple fibers, cerium oxide, graphene quantum dots, white carbon black, a vulcanizing agent and a processing aid.

3. The durable load-resistant all-steel radial double crown structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The proportions of the hydrogenated nitrile rubber, carbon quantum dots, aramid staple fibers, cerium oxide, graphene quantum dots, white carbon black, vulcanizing agent and processing aid are 44.5%, 3%, 12%, 5%, 0.5%, 25%, 7% and 3% respectively.

4. The durable load-resistant all-steel radial double crown structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel wire tie layer (4) is arranged along the circumference of the carcass (1).

5. A durable load-resistant all-steel radial double crown structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A heat dissipation structure is also provided between the low heat generation protective rubber layer (3) and the steel wire binding layer (4).

6. The durable load-resistant all-steel radial double crown structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat dissipation structure comprises a phase change heat dissipation portion arranged between the low heat generation protective adhesive layer (3) and the steel wire binding layer (4); The phase-change heat dissipation portion comprises an annular vacuum layer (7) arranged between the low heat generation protective rubber layer (3) and the steel wire binding layer (4), a vacuum cavity (9) being arranged inside the annular vacuum layer (7), and the vacuum cavity (9) being filled with supercritical carbon dioxide.

7. The durable load-resistant all-steel radial double crown structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The annular vacuum layer (7) comprises a honeycomb cavity (701) made of carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone material, the inner wall surface of the honeycomb cavity (701) is provided with a flexible composite layer (702), and a plurality of compression cavities (704) are provided in the flexible composite layer (702).

8. The durable load-resistant all-steel radial double crown structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: An annular groove (8) is provided at the bottom of the annular vacuum layer (7); The heat dissipation structure further comprises a plurality of deformable heat dissipation fins (6) arranged at equal intervals on the outside of the low heat generation protective adhesive layer (3), and the deformable heat dissipation fins (6) are located in the annular groove (8).

9. The durable load-resistant all-steel radial double crown structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The deformable heat sink (6) comprises two symmetrically arranged bent elastic sheets (601), the ends of the two bent elastic sheets (601) being connected via an end bent spring sheet (602), a Z-shaped support sheet (604) being arranged outside the middle bent portion of the end bent spring sheet (602), a temperature-controlled shape memory alloy sheet (603) being arranged between the middle bent portions of the two bent elastic sheets (601), and the four ends of the two bent elastic sheets (601) being in contact with the upper and lower sides thereof, respectively.

10. The durable load-resistant all-steel radial double crown structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: A plurality of isolation sheets (703) are arranged in the vacuum chamber (9) and are used to separate the vacuum chamber (9) into a plurality of cavities with rectangular cross-sections; The flexible composite layer (702) and the compression chamber (704) are both fluororubber composite layers.

Images