Liquid fertilizer for germination stage of wine grapes and preparation method of liquid fertilizer

Abstract

The invention discloses a liquid fertilizer for a germination period of wine grapes, which is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 32 to 34 percent of urea, 11 to 13 percent of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 10.5 to 11.0 percent of potassium nitrate, 3.5 to 4.0 percent of phosphoric acid, 0.4 to 0.6 percent of synergist and 40.5 to 40.8 percent of desalted water, and the sum of the mass percent of the components is 100 percent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing raw materials, adding desalted water into a dissolving tank, sequentially adding the potassium nitrate, the diammonium hydrogen phosphate, the phosphoric acid, the urea and the synergist into the dissolving tank, and carrying out aeration dissolving to obtain a dissolved product; and sequentially carrying out coarse filtration and fine filtration on the dissolved product, and storing in a storage tank to obtain the liquid fertilizer for the germination period of the wine grapes. The liquid fertilizer provided by the invention solves the problem that nutrient balance cannot be guaranteed due to single application of organic fertilizer in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting fertilizers, and specifically relates to a liquid fertilizer for the budding period of wine grapes, and also relates to a preparation method of the liquid fertilizer for the budding period of wine grapes. Background Art

[0002] Although grapevines are vine fruit trees, they have developed roots, many vines and large leaves, grow vigorously, bear many fruits and have a high yield, and have a long lifespan. If one of the elements is lacking or insufficient, it will affect normal physiological activities, and other elements cannot be applied to replace it, which will lead to deficiency symptoms and cause physiological disorders.

[0003] In the production of wine grapes, fertilization is one of the main factors related to economic and environmental benefits. Wine grapevines have a large demand for fertilizers. Different growth and development stages in a year require different elements and amounts. The nutrient requirement characteristics during the budding period of wine grapes are to focus on supplementing nitrogen elements, appropriately combined with phosphorus and potassium elements, so as to provide good nutritional conditions, make the roots, branches and leaves grow vigorously, have good vegetative growth, lay a good foundation for the reproductive growth such as flowering and fruiting of wine grapes in the later stage, and achieve the purpose of improving the quality and yield of wine grapes.

[0004] In the prior art, the fertilization during the budding period of wine grapevines still adopts the traditional single application of organic fertilizers. This method has unreasonable fertilization ratios and nutrient forms of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements, cannot ensure nutrient balance, and there are phenomena of excessive application of nitrogen, blind application of phosphorus and insufficient application of potassium. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a liquid fertilizer for the budding period of wine grapes, which solves the problem of unable to ensure nutrient balance in the prior art by single application of organic fertilizers.

[0006] Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of the liquid fertilizer for the budding period of wine grapes.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that the liquid fertilizer for the budding period of wine grapes is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 32% - 34% of urea, 11% - 13% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 10.5% - 11.0% of potassium nitrate, 3.5% - 4.0% of phosphoric acid, 0.4% - 0.6% of synergist, and 40.5% - 40.8% of demineralized water. The sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100%.

[0008] The characteristics of the present invention also lie in that the urea is in powder form;

[0009] The salt content in the demineralized water is 1mg / L - 5mg / L;

[0010] The synergist is any one of alginic acid, humic acid or amino acid.

[0011] Another technical solution adopted by the present invention is a preparation method of a liquid fertilizer for budding period of wine grapes, which is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Weigh the following components respectively according to mass percentages: 32% - 34% of urea, 1% - 13% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 10.5% - 11.0% of potassium nitrate, 3.5% - 4.0% of phosphoric acid, 0.4% - 0.6% of synergist, and 40.5% - 40.8% of demineralized water. The sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100% to obtain the raw materials after weighing;

[0013] Step 2: After adding the demineralized water to the dissolution tank, add potassium nitrate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid, urea and synergist to the dissolution tank in sequence for aeration dissolution to obtain the dissolved product;

[0014] Step 3: Coarsely filter and finely filter the dissolved product in sequence, and store it in the storage tank for a certain period of time to obtain the liquid fertilizer for budding period of wine grapes.

[0015] Another characteristic of another technical solution of the present invention is that

[0016] The aeration dissolution is to open the non-purified air of the factory, and the gas is filled into the tank through the gas pipe, and the gas is used for tumbling dissolution. The total aeration dissolution time is 60 min - 120 min;

[0017] In Step 3, the mesh number of the coarse filter screen is 40 - 60 meshes, and the mesh number of the fine filter screen is 80 - 120 meshes;

[0018] In Step 3, the storage time is 1 h - 2 h.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. The liquid fertilizer for budding period of wine grapes prepared by the present invention effectively promotes the photosynthesis process of grape leaves. Through the balanced supply of nutrients, it significantly reduces the leaf transpiration rate, and thus improves the effective water utilization rate of grape leaves;

[0021] 2. The liquid fertilizer for budding period of wine grapes prepared by the present invention has an obvious promoting effect on the new shoots. Precise fertilization inhibits the growth amount of autumn shoots, stores the nutrient components, and is beneficial to enhancing the resistance and healthy growth of grape seedlings;

[0022] 3. The liquid fertilizer for budding period of wine grapes prepared by the present invention can promote the leaf expansion and shoot growth of wine grape trees, enhance the tree vigor, make the roots, branches and leaves grow vigorously, and have good vegetative growth, laying a good foundation for the reproductive growth such as flowering and fruiting of wine grapes in the later stage. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 This is the flow chart of the preparation method of the liquid fertilizer for the budding period of wine grapes in the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0024] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0025] A liquid fertilizer for the budding period of wine grapes in the present invention is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 32% - 34% of urea. The urea is in powder form, which is easily absorbed and utilized by plants and can quickly play a nutritional role.

[0026] 11% - 13% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 10.5% - 11.0% of potassium nitrate, 3.5% - 4.0% of phosphoric acid, 0.4% - 0.6% of synergist, 40.5% - 40.8% of demineralized water. The salt content in the demineralized water is 1mg / L - 5mg / L. The indexes of the demineralized water are conductivity ≤ 1μS / cm, pH value 6 - 9, and silicon dioxide ≤ 20μg / l. The sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100%.

[0027] The synergist is any one of alginic acid, humic acid or amino acid.

[0028] As Figure 1 shown, the preparation method of the liquid fertilizer for the budding period of wine grapes in the present invention is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

[0029] Step 1: Weigh the following components respectively according to the mass percentage: 32% - 34% of urea, 11% - 13% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 10.5% - 11.0% of potassium nitrate, 3.5% - 4.0% of phosphoric acid, 0.4% - 0.6% of synergist, 40.5% - 40.8% of demineralized water. The sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100% to obtain the raw materials after weighing.

[0030] Step 2: After adding the demineralized water to the dissolution tank, add potassium nitrate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid, urea and synergist to the dissolution tank in sequence for aeration dissolution to obtain the dissolved product. In step 2, the aeration dissolution is to open the non-purified air of the factory, the gas is filled into the tank through the gas pipe, and the gas is used for tumbling dissolution. The aeration dissolution time each time is 15min - 30min, and the total aeration dissolution time is 60min - 120min.

[0031] Step 3: Filter the dissolved product successively through coarse filtration and fine filtration. The mesh number of the coarse filtration screen is 40 - 60 meshes, and the mesh number of the fine filtration screen in step 3 is 80 - 120 meshes, and store it in the storage tank for a certain time. The storage time is 1h - 2h to obtain the liquid fertilizer for the budding period of wine grapes that meets the requirements of NY / T 1107 - 2020.

[0032] The application period of the present invention is during the vegetative growth period of wine grapes, and it is applied by drip irrigation with water. The application rate is 10 - 12 kg / mu, and it is applied in two times.

[0033] The liquid fertilizer for the budding period of wine grapes prepared according to the present invention has far more nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium elements than the conventional single application of organic fertilizer. The effective ingredient parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0034] Table 1

[0035]

[0036]

[0037] Example 1

[0038] The specific steps of this example are as follows:

[0039] Step 1: Weigh the following components according to mass percentages respectively: 33% urea, 12% diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 10.6% potassium nitrate, 3.5% phosphoric acid, 0.4% alginic acid, and 40.5% demineralized water to obtain the weighed raw materials;

[0040] Step 2: After adding demineralized water to the dissolution tank, add potassium nitrate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid, urea, and synergist to the dissolution tank in sequence and carry out aeration dissolution in turn to obtain the dissolved product; the aeration dissolution in Step 2 is to open the non-purified air of the factory, the gas is filled into the tank through the gas pipe, and the gas is used for tumbling dissolution. The total aeration dissolution time is 60 min.

[0041] Step 3: Filter the dissolved product through coarse filtration and fine filtration in sequence. The mesh number of the coarse filtration screen is 40 meshes, and the mesh number of the fine filtration screen in Step 3 is 80 meshes, and store it in the storage tank for a certain period of time. The storage time is 1 h to obtain the liquid fertilizer for the budding period of wine grapes.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] The specific steps of this example are as follows:

[0044] Step 1: Weigh the following components according to mass percentages respectively: 32% urea, 12.6% diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 11% potassium nitrate, 3.5% phosphoric acid, 0.4% humic acid, and 40.5% demineralized water to obtain the weighed raw materials;

[0045] Step 2: After adding demineralized water to the dissolution tank, add potassium nitrate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid, urea, and synergist to the dissolution tank in sequence and carry out aeration dissolution in turn to obtain the dissolved product; the aeration dissolution in Step 2 is to open the non-purified air of the factory, the gas is filled into the tank through the gas pipe, and the gas is used for tumbling dissolution. The total aeration dissolution time is 80 min.

[0046] Step 3: Coarsely filter and then finely filter the dissolved product. The mesh number of the coarse filter screen is 50 meshes, and the mesh number of the fine filter screen in Step 3 is 100 meshes. Store it in a storage tank for a certain period of time, which is 1.5 h, to obtain the liquid fertilizer for the budding period of wine grapes.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] The specific steps of this example are as follows:

[0049] Step 1: Weigh the following components according to mass percentages respectively: 34% urea, 11% diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 10.5% potassium nitrate, 3.5% phosphoric acid, 0.5% humic acid, and 40.5% demineralized water to obtain the weighed raw materials;

[0050] Step 2: After adding demineralized water to the dissolution tank, add potassium nitrate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid, urea, and synergist to the dissolution tank in sequence for aeration dissolution to obtain the dissolved product; the aeration dissolution in Step 2 is to open the non-purified air of the factory, and the gas is filled into the tank through the gas pipe, and the gas is used for tumbling dissolution. The total aeration dissolution time is 60 min.

[0051] Step 3: Coarsely filter and then finely filter the dissolved product. The mesh number of the coarse filter screen is 60 meshes, and the mesh number of the fine filter screen in Step 3 is 120 meshes. Store it in a storage tank for a certain period of time, which is 2 h, to obtain the liquid fertilizer for the budding period of wine grapes.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] The specific steps of this example are as follows:

[0054] Step 1: Weigh the following components according to mass percentages respectively: 32% urea, 12.1% diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 11% potassium nitrate, 3.5% phosphoric acid, 0.6% humic acid, and 40.8% demineralized water to obtain the weighed raw materials;

[0055] Step 2: After adding demineralized water to the dissolution tank, add potassium nitrate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid, urea, and synergist to the dissolution tank in sequence for aeration dissolution to obtain the dissolved product; the aeration dissolution in Step 2 is to open the non-purified air of the factory, and the gas is filled into the tank through the gas pipe, and the gas is used for tumbling dissolution. The total aeration dissolution time is 120 min.

[0056] Step 3: Coarsely filter and then finely filter the dissolved product. The mesh number of the coarse filter screen is 50 meshes, and the mesh number of the fine filter screen in Step 3 is 100 meshes. Store it in a storage tank for a certain period of time, which is 1.5 h, to obtain the liquid fertilizer for the budding period of wine grapes.

[0057] Comparative Example

[0058] The components include urea containing 46% N, 11% N, and 46% P 2 O 5 Monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate containing 20% K.

[0059] The preparation method is to mix and stir in sequence to obtain nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer.

[0060] As shown in Table 2, the effects of the shoot length and stem diameter of wine grape trees were tested.

[0061] Table 2

[0062]

[0063] Combined with Examples 1 to 4 and the comparative analysis, it can be seen that: compared with the conventional application of pure nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, applying the liquid fertilizer of the present invention can achieve balanced nutrient supply. The liquid fertilizer of the present invention can make the roots, branches, and leaves of grapevines grow vigorously and have good vegetative growth.

Claims

1. Liquid fertilizer for budding period of wine grapes, which is characterized in that it is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 32% - 34% of urea, 11% - 13% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 10.5% - 11.0% of potassium nitrate, 3.5% - 4.0% of phosphoric acid, 0.4% - 0.6% of synergist, and 40.5% - 40.8% of demineralized water. The sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100%.

2. The liquid fertilizer for budding period of wine grapes according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the urea is in powder form.

3. The liquid fertilizer for budding period of wine grapes according to claim 1, which is characterized in that The salt content in the demineralized water is 1 mg / L to 5 mg / L 。 4. The liquid fertilizer for budding period of wine grapes according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the synergist is any one of alginic acid, humic acid or amino acid.

5. Preparation method of liquid fertilizer for budding period of wine grapes, which is characterized in that it is specifically implemented according to the following steps: Step 1: Weigh the following components respectively according to mass percentage: 32% - 34% of urea, 11% - 13% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 10.5% - 11.0% of potassium nitrate, 3.5% - 4.0% of phosphoric acid, 0.4% - 0.6% of synergist, and 40.5% - 40.8% of demineralized water. The sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100% to obtain the weighed raw materials; Step 2: After adding demineralized water to the dissolution tank, add potassium nitrate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid, urea and synergist to the dissolution tank in sequence for aerated dissolution to obtain the dissolved product; Step 3: Coarsely filter and finely filter the dissolved product, and store it in the storage tank for a certain period of time to obtain the liquid fertilizer for budding period of wine grapes.

6. The preparation method of the liquid fertilizer for budding period of wine grapes according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the aerated dissolution in Step 2 is to open the non-purified air of the factory, the gas is filled in through the gas pipe, and the gas is used for tumbling dissolution. The total aerated dissolution time is 60 min - 120 min.

7. The preparation method of the liquid fertilizer for budding period of wine grapes according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the mesh number of the coarse filter screen in Step 3 is 40 - 60 meshes, and the mesh number of the fine filter screen is 80 - 120 meshes.

8. The preparation method of the liquid fertilizer for budding period of wine grapes according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the storage time in Step 3 is 1 h - 2 h.

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