Underwater Excavation Construction Device and Method for Seaport Buildings

Abstract

The present invention discloses an underwater excavation construction device and method for a seaport building, belonging to the technical field of excavation construction equipment. The underwater excavation construction device for the seaport building includes a suction pump and a delivery pipe, and further includes: a discharge port is provided on the side wall of the sleeve housing, a partition plate is provided inside the sleeve housing, the partition plate divides the inner cavity of the sleeve housing into a left cavity and a right cavity, and a water outlet is provided on the partition plate; the cylinder body is communicated with the left cavity through the water outlet, and a plurality of first material passing holes are provided on the side wall of the cylinder body near the water outlet; the spiral ring plate is used for guiding the mixed liquid entering the inner cavity of the cylinder body, and under the guiding action of the spiral ring plate, the mixed liquid in the inner cavity of the cylinder body moves spirally towards the water outlet end; a plurality of second material passing holes are provided on the side wall of the sleeve housing at the edge of the conical filter screen. The underwater excavation construction device for the seaport building of the present invention can prevent the gravel in the mixed liquid from impacting and wearing the delivery pipe when the delivery pipe conveys the mixed liquid during the excavation construction of the port, and reduce the risk of blockage of the delivery pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of excavation construction equipment, and particularly relates to an underwater excavation construction device and method for seaport buildings. Background Art

[0002] As a key hub connecting land and sea, the construction scale and technical requirements of seaports are increasing day by day. The construction of modern deep-water ports is the core link to improve shipping efficiency and ensure navigation safety under the trend of ship enlargement. In this context, building deep-water wharves has become an important part of enhancing the transportation capacity of seaports. In the project of building deep-water seaport wharves, it is necessary to build the foundation of seaport buildings underwater. The foundation project of the seaport directly determines the stability and functionality of structures such as wharves. When building the foundation project of the seaport, it is necessary to excavate the soft soil layer, sand layer, and gravel layer on the seabed until reaching a relatively hard rock layer to provide stable support for the building foundation.

[0003] When excavating the soft soil layer on the seabed, excavation construction equipment such as cutter suction dredgers is often required. Using a cutter suction dredger can greatly improve the excavation speed of the soft soil layer on the seabed. The core components of a cutter suction dredger include a crushing mechanism, a suction pump, and a jet impact part. When carrying out excavation construction, first use the crushing mechanism to break the compacted soft soil layer on the seabed, then use the jet impact part to spray high-pressure jets to perform jet mixing on the broken soft soil blocks, and finally use the suction pump to pump away the water flow mixed with sediment, thereby realizing the excavation of the soft soil layer.

[0004] Since cofferdam construction methods are often used during the construction of seaport wharves, the seawater containing sediment pumped out by a cutter suction dredger needs to be transported over a long distance and then discharged into the sea or sedimentation tank far from the construction site. During this process, technical challenges brought about by complex geological conditions are often faced. Since the soft soil layer often contains gravel and broken shells with a particle size exceeding 30 mm, forming a non-Newtonian fluid medium with a solid volume concentration of 15 - 25%, this mixed medium will significantly increase the system load during transportation: on the one hand, it causes the transportation resistance of the suction pump to increase by 30 - 50% compared with pure sediment medium, and on the other hand, the gravel particles cause three-body wear on the pipe wall in turbulent flow, especially on the elbow parts of the transportation pipe. When the flow velocity is lower than the critical fluidization velocity (usually greater than 2.5 m / s), the coarse gravel particles are likely to deposit at the bottom of the pipeline to form a "sand ridge", which not only increases the pumping energy consumption but may also cause blockage accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide an underwater excavation construction device for seaport buildings, which can prevent the gravel in the mixed liquid from impacting and wearing the transportation pipe when excavating the port and reduce the risk of pipeline blockage.

[0006] The present invention provides an underwater excavation construction device for a seaport building, which includes a suction pump and a delivery pipe, and further includes:

[0007] A casing, which is provided with a partition inside. The partition divides the inner cavity of the casing into a left cavity and a right cavity. The left cavity is communicated with the delivery pipe, and a water outlet is provided on the partition. A discharge port is provided on the side wall of the right cavity;

[0008] A cylinder body, which is arranged in the right cavity. One end of the cylinder body is communicated with the suction pump, and the other end of the cylinder body is communicated with the left cavity through the water outlet. A plurality of first material passing holes are provided on the side wall of the cylinder body near the water outlet;

[0009] A spiral ring plate, which is arranged in the inner cavity of the cylinder body. The spiral ring plate is used to guide the mixed liquid entering the inner cavity of the cylinder body. Under the guiding action of the spiral ring plate, the mixed liquid in the inner cavity of the cylinder body moves spirally towards the water outlet end;

[0010] A conical filter screen, which is arranged in the left cavity. The tip of the conical filter screen faces the water outlet, and a plurality of second material passing holes are provided on the side wall of the casing at the edge of the conical filter screen.

[0011] Preferably, the cylinder body is rotatably connected in the right cavity of the casing, and a driving mechanism is connected to the casing. A rotating ring is connected outside the conical filter screen. The rotating ring is connected to the cylinder body near the water outlet end. The outer wall of the rotating ring fits with the inner wall of the casing. One end of the ring hole of the rotating ring is communicated with the water outlet of the cylinder body, and a third material passing hole is provided on the side wall of the rotating ring. Driven by the driving mechanism, the cylinder body drives the rotating ring to rotate, so that the third material passing hole is intermittently communicated with the second material passing hole.

[0012] Preferably, a support is connected in the ring hole of the rotating ring. A connecting shaft is provided in the middle of the support. The connecting shaft is coaxially arranged with the conical filter screen. A plurality of spokes are provided on the support. Each spoke is arranged along the generatrix direction of the conical filter screen. Each spoke abuts against the side surface of the conical filter screen far away from the water outlet of the cylinder body. One end of each spoke is connected to the support, and the other end of each spoke is connected to the connecting shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a transmission shaft and a scroll fan. A water distribution valve is connected to the end of the rotating ring far away from the cylinder body. The water distribution valve is used to divide the mixed liquid in the ring hole. The delivery pipe is communicated with the first water distribution port of the water distribution valve. The second water distribution port of the water distribution valve is communicated with a cylinder body. A drain port is provided on the cylinder body. The transmission shaft is rotatably connected in the cylinder body. The scroll fan is arranged on the transmission shaft. A gear is provided on the transmission shaft. A toothed ring is provided on the side wall of the cylinder body. The gear is engaged with the toothed ring. When the mixed liquid passes through the inner cavity of the cylinder body, the mixed liquid drives the scroll fan to rotate.

[0014] Preferably, the drain port of the cylinder body is connected to a one-way valve, the one-way valve is connected to a mixing chamber, the mixing chamber is connected to the suction pump and the inner cavity of the cylinder body, the one-way valve is used for unidirectional conduction from the drain port of the cylinder body to the mixing chamber, the mixing chamber is used to mix the mixed liquid from the cylinder body and the mixed liquid from the suction pump, and discharge the mixed liquid into the inner cavity of the cylinder body.

[0015] Preferably, the conical filter is provided with a pressure detection mechanism, and the pressure detection mechanism is used to detect the pressure of the mixed liquid exerted on the conical filter in real time. The pressure detection mechanism is electrically connected to a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the water diversion valve. The controller controls the operation of the water diversion valve according to the real-time pressure exerted on the conical filter. When the real-time pressure exerted on the conical filter increases, the controller controls the water diversion valve to increase the flow rate of the mixed liquid distributed by the second water diversion port.

[0016] Preferably, the pressure detection mechanism includes a slip ring and a pressure sensor, the slip ring is slidably connected to the connecting shaft along the axial direction of the connecting shaft, the side wall of the slip ring is connected to the tip of the conical filter, the side wall of the slip ring is provided with a slide groove along the axial direction of the connecting shaft, each spoke is fixedly connected to the bracket at one end away from the connecting shaft, and each spoke is slidably connected in the slide groove at one end toward the connecting shaft, a spring is provided outside the connecting shaft, one end of the spring abuts against the slip ring, and the other end of the spring abuts against the pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is used to detect the extrusion force exerted on the spring in real time, and when the extrusion force exerted on the spring increases, the controller controls the water diversion valve to increase the flow rate of the mixed liquid distributed by the second water diversion port.

[0017] Preferably, the axial direction of the first material passage hole on the side wall of the cylinder is perpendicular to the radial direction of the cylinder.

[0018] Preferably, the bracket is detachably connected to the inner wall of the swivel.

[0019] The present invention also provides a method for excavation construction using an underwater excavation construction device for a seaport building, comprising the following steps:

[0020] The soft soil layer is crushed, and then the crushed soft soil layer is jet-impacted by a high-speed water jet, so that the soft soil layer impacted by the jet forms a mixture of mud, gravel and water;

[0021] The mixed liquid is sucked into the inner cavity of the cylinder by a suction pump. The mixed liquid moves in a spiral shape toward one end of the water outlet under the action of the spiral ring plate. When the large-grained gravel moves to one end of the water outlet, a part of the mixed liquid carries the large-grained gravel and is thrown out from the multiple first material holes, thereby discharging the large-grained gravel from the inner cavity of the cylinder.

[0022] Large-grained gravel is discharged from the entire excavation construction device through the discharge port on the casing and then collected and processed centrally;

[0023] In the remaining part of the cylinder, the mixed liquid carrying small particle gravels is filtered by the conical filter net. The small particle gravels in the mixed liquid are filtered out, and the filtered mixed liquid is discharged through the conveying pipe.

[0024] Under the impact of the mixed liquid and the guiding effect of the conical filter net, the small particle gravels filtered out on the conical filter net gather at the large end of the conical filter net, and then are carried out of the casing by a small part of the mixed liquid from the second material passing hole.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: An underwater excavation construction device for a seaport building of the present invention uses a suction pump to suck the mixed liquid formed during the excavation construction. The mixed liquid sucked into the inner cavity of the cylinder moves in a spiral shape towards the water outlet end under the action of the spiral ring plate. When the large particle gravels move to the water outlet end, a part of the mixed liquid carries the large particle gravels and is thrown out from multiple first material passing holes, so as to discharge the large particle gravels from the inner cavity of the cylinder. The large particle gravels are discharged from the discharge port on the casing out of the entire excavation construction device and then collected and processed centrally. In the remaining part of the cylinder, the mixed liquid carrying small particle gravels is filtered by the conical filter net. The small particle gravels in the mixed liquid are filtered out, and the filtered mixed liquid is discharged through the conveying pipe. Under the impact of the mixed liquid and the guiding effect of the conical filter net, the small particle gravels filtered out on the conical filter net gather at the large end of the conical filter net, and then are carried out of the casing by a small part of the mixed liquid from the second material passing hole, so as to realize the filtration of the mixed liquid leading to the jet impact part, filter out the gravels with larger particle sizes in the mixed liquid, prevent the gravels in the mixed liquid from impacting and wearing the conveying pipe when the conveying pipe conveys the mixed liquid, and reduce the risk of blockage of the conveying pipe.

[0026] By setting a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism drives the cylinder and the rotating ring to rotate. When the third material passing hole on the rotating ring communicates with the second material passing hole on the side wall of the casing, the small particle gravels gathered at the large end of the conical filter net are discharged through the rotating ring. When the third material passing hole does not communicate with the second material passing hole, more water flow can pass through the conical filter net, so as to prevent too much mixed liquid from carrying gravels and discharging out of the whole device and increasing the difficulty of subsequent gravel treatment on the premise of ensuring the filtering performance of the conical filter net. The support frame supports the conical filter net through multiple spokes, so as to prevent the conical filter net from deforming greatly, ensure the guiding property of the structure of the conical filter net, enable the small particle gravels filtered out by the conical filter net to be normally thrown off the conical filter net, ensure the filtering ability of the conical filter net, and make the content of gravels in the sediment mixed liquid leading to the conveying pipe as low as possible. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a front view structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic top view structure diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic internal structure diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 is of the present invention Figure 4 schematic structure diagram of the A-A plane in;

[0032] Figure 6 is of the present invention Figure 4 schematic structure diagram of the B-B plane in;

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic structure diagram of the pressure detection mechanism of the present invention.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0035] 101. Sheath, 102. Suction pump, 103. Discharge port, 104. Cylinder, 105. Left cavity, 106. Water outlet, 107. First material passing hole, 108. Spiral ring plate, 109. Right cavity, 110. Partition, 201. Conical filter screen, 202. Rotating ring, 203. Third material passing hole, 204. Second material passing hole, 301. Bracket, 302. Connecting shaft, 303. Spoke, 401. Cylinder block, 402. Transmission shaft, 403. Turbofan, 404. Water distribution valve, 405. Gear, 406. Gear ring, 501. Check valve, 502. Mixing bin, 6. Pressure detection mechanism, 701. Slip ring, 702. Pressure sensor, 703. Chute, 704. Spring. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] The following combines the attached Figures 1-7 , and describes in detail the specific implementation manners of the present invention, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation manners. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] Such as Figures 1-7As shown in the figure, a seaport construction underwater excavation device provided by the present invention includes a crushing mechanism, a casing 101, a jet impact part, a suction pump 102 and a conveying pipe. The crushing mechanism is used to crush the underwater soft soil layer. The side wall of the casing 101 is provided with a discharge port 103. The jet impact part is used to generate a high-speed water jet. The suction pump 102 is used to suck the mixed liquid formed by impacting the soft soil. It also includes: a casing 101, a cylinder 104, a spiral ring plate 108 and a conical filter screen 201. A partition 110 is arranged inside the casing 101. The partition 110 divides the inner cavity of the casing into a left cavity 105 and a right cavity 109. The left cavity 105 is communicated with the conveying pipe. The partition 110 is provided with a water outlet 106. The side wall of the right cavity 109 is provided with a discharge port 103. The cylinder 104 is arranged inside the right cavity 109. One end of the cylinder 104 is communicated with the suction pump 102. The other end of the cylinder 104 is communicated with the left cavity 105 through the water outlet 106. A plurality of first material passing holes 107 are arranged on the side wall of the cylinder 104 near the water outlet 106. The spiral ring plate 108 is arranged inside the cavity of the cylinder 104. The spiral ring plate 108 is used to guide the mixed liquid entering the inner cavity of the cylinder 104. Under the guiding action of the spiral ring plate 108, the mixed liquid in the inner cavity of the cylinder 104 moves spirally towards the water outlet 106. The conical filter screen 201 is arranged inside the left cavity 105. The tip of the conical filter screen 201 faces the water outlet 106. A plurality of second material passing holes 204 are arranged on the side wall of the casing 101 at the edge of the conical filter screen 201.

[0038] Now briefly describe the working principle of the above embodiment:

[0039] The excavation construction device is installed on a ship for use. When in use, the crushing mechanism penetrates into the soft soil layer to crush the soft soil layer, and then the jet impact part is opened to form a high-speed water jet. The high-speed water jet is used to jet impact the crushed soft soil layer. The soft soil layer impacted by the jet forms a mixed liquid of mud, gravel and water. The suction pump 102 sucks the formed mixed liquid. After the mixed liquid enters the inner cavity of the cylinder 104, under the action of the spiral ring plate 108, the high-speed mixed liquid entering the inner cavity of the cylinder 104 moves in a spiral shape toward the water outlet 106 end of the cylinder 104. In this process, the large particles of gravel in the mixed liquid are removed due to their own quality. The amount is large. When it performs spiral motion under the action of the mixed liquid, it will stick to the inner wall of the cylinder 104. The inner wall of the cylinder 104 applies sufficient centripetal force to the large-grained gravel. When the large-grained gravel moves to the end of the cylinder 104 close to the water outlet 106 of the casing 101, since a plurality of first material holes 107 are provided on the side wall of the end of the cylinder 104 close to the water outlet 106, a small portion of the mixed liquid carrying the large-grained gravel will be thrown out from the plurality of first material holes 107, thereby discharging the large-grained gravel from the inner cavity of the cylinder 104. The large-grained gravel is discharged from the entire excavation construction device through the discharge port 103 on the casing 101 and then collected and processed. Most of the remaining mixed liquid in the cylinder 104 carries a large amount of small gravel particles into the left cavity 105 through the water outlet 106, and then rushes to the conical filter 201. Since the tip of the conical filter 201 faces the water outlet 106 of the cylinder 104, the sediment mixed liquid with gravel removed will pass through the conical filter 201 and then pass to the conveying pipe under the filtration of the conical filter 201. Under the impact of the mixed liquid and the guiding effect of the conical filter 201, the small gravel particles filtered out of the conical filter 201 gather at the large end of the conical filter 201, and then are taken out of the casing 101 from the second material hole 204 by a small part of the mixed liquid, thereby preventing the gravel from gathering in the filter and affecting the filtering performance of the filter while filtering and removing the stones from the mixed liquid.

[0040] The underwater excavation construction device for seaport construction of the present invention can filter the mixed liquid generated to the delivery pipe when excavating the silt at the bottom of the port or river, so as to filter out gravels with larger particle sizes in the mixed liquid, thereby preventing the gravels in the mixed liquid from causing impact and wear to the delivery pipe when the delivery pipe is transporting the mixed liquid, and reducing the risk of clogging of the delivery pipe.

[0041] On the basis of the above embodiment, in order to ensure the filtering performance of the conical filter 201, it is necessary to prevent excessive mixed liquid from carrying gravel out of the entire device, thereby increasing the difficulty of subsequent treatment of the gravel.

[0042] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown in the figure, the cylinder body 104 is rotatably connected to the right cavity 109 of the housing 101. A driving mechanism is connected to the housing 101. A rotating ring 202 is externally connected to the conical filter net 201. The rotating ring 202 is connected to one end of the cylinder body 104 close to the water outlet 106. The outer wall of the rotating ring 202 is in contact with the inner wall of the housing 101. One end of the annular hole of the rotating ring 202 is communicated with the water outlet 106 of the cylinder body 104. A third material passing hole 203 is provided on the side wall of the rotating ring 202. Driven by the driving mechanism, the cylinder body 104 drives the rotating ring 202 to rotate, so that the third material passing hole 203 is intermittently communicated with the second material passing hole 204.

[0043] The driving mechanism drives the cylinder body 104 to rotate around its own axis. When the cylinder body 104 rotates, it will drive the rotating ring 202 connected thereto to rotate. Since the conical filter net 201 is connected to the rotating ring 202, the rotating ring 202 will drive the conical filter net 201 to rotate. When the conical filter net 201 rotates, it will generate a centrifugal force on the filtered small particle gravels. Combining with the impact of the mixed liquid and the guiding effect of the conical filter net 201, it will increase the thrust for the small particle gravels filtered on the conical filter net 201 to move towards the large end of the conical filter net 201, further preventing the small particle gravels from adhering to the conical filter net 201. When the third material passing hole 203 on the rotating ring 202 rotates to be communicated with the second material passing hole 204 on the side wall of the housing 101, the small particle gravels gathered at the large end of the conical filter net 201 pass through the third material passing hole 203 and the second material passing hole 204 and then are discharged through the rotating ring 202. When the third material passing hole 203 is not communicated with the second material passing hole 204, more mixed liquid can pass through the conical filter net 201, so as to prevent too much mixed liquid from carrying gravels and discharging from the whole device, increasing the difficulty of subsequent gravel treatment while ensuring the filtering performance of the conical filter net 201.

[0044] As a preferred solution, as Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown in the figure, a support 301 is connected inside the annular hole of the swivel 202. A connecting shaft 302 is provided in the middle of the support 301. The connecting shaft 302 is coaxially arranged with the conical filter screen 201. A plurality of spokes 303 are provided on the support 301. Each spoke 303 is arranged along the generatrix direction of the conical filter screen 201. Each spoke 303 abuts against one side of the conical filter screen 201 away from the water outlet 106 of the cylinder body 104. One end of each spoke 303 is connected to the support 301, and the other end of each spoke 303 is connected to the connecting shaft 302. By providing the support 301, the mixed liquid sprayed out from the water outlet 106 on the cylinder body 104 impacts the conical filter screen 201. The conical filter screen 201 has a tendency to deform under the impact of the high-speed mixed liquid. At this time, the support 301 supports the conical filter screen 201 through a plurality of spokes 303, thereby preventing the conical filter screen 201 from deforming greatly, ensuring the guiding property of the structure of the conical filter screen 201, enabling the small particle gravel filtered by the conical filter screen 201 to be normally thrown off from the conical filter screen 201, ensuring the filtering ability of the conical filter screen 201, and making the content of gravel in the sediment mixed liquid leading to the conveying pipe as low as possible.

[0045] As a preferred solution, as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown in the figure, the driving mechanism includes a transmission shaft 402 and a scroll fan 403. One end of the swivel ring 202 away from the cylinder body 104 is communicated with a water distribution valve 404. The water distribution valve 404 is used for splitting the mixed liquid in the annular hole. The delivery pipe is communicated with the first water outlet of the water distribution valve 404. The second water outlet of the water distribution valve 404 is communicated with a cylinder block 401. The cylinder block 401 is provided with a drain port. The transmission shaft 402 is rotatably connected in the cylinder block 401. The scroll fan 403 is arranged on the transmission shaft 402. A gear 405 is arranged on the transmission shaft 402. A gear ring 406 is arranged on the side wall of the cylinder body 104. The gear 405 is in meshing connection with the gear ring 406. When the mixed liquid passes through the inner cavity of the cylinder block 401, the mixed liquid drives the scroll fan 403 to rotate. The filtered mixed liquid with sediment discharged from the swivel ring 202 enters the water distribution valve 404. At this time, the mixed liquid hardly contains gravel with larger particle size. After being split by the water distribution valve 404, most of the mixed liquid is discharged after being conveyed through the delivery pipe, and a small part of the mixed liquid enters the cylinder block 401 and then is discharged from the drain port of the cylinder block 401. During this process, the mixed liquid drives the scroll fan 403 to rotate, thereby driving the transmission shaft 402 to rotate. The transmission shaft 402 drives the gear 405 to rotate, thereby driving the meshing gear ring 406 to rotate. The gear ring 406 drives the cylinder body 104 to rotate (in actual use, by changing the power of the suction pump 102 and controlling the action of the water distribution valve 404, the flow rate and flow velocity of the mixed liquid entering the cylinder block 401 can be changed, thereby changing the power of the scroll fan 403 to rotate until the power of the scroll fan 403 reaches the power to drive the transmission shaft 402 to rotate and further drive the cylinder body 104 to rotate). Driving the cylinder body 104 to rotate by using the power of the filtered mixed liquid can avoid using additional electric components, which can not only reduce the use cost of the excavation construction device, but also avoid frequent failures of the electric components in the high-humidity and waterlogged working environment when using additional electric components, thereby further improving the reliability of the entire excavation construction device.

[0046] As a preferred solution, as Figures 1-4As shown in the figure, a one-way valve 501 is connected to the drain port of the cylinder block 401. The one-way valve 501 is connected to a mixing chamber 502. The mixing chamber 502 is connected to both the suction pump 102 and the inner cavity of the cylinder 104. The one-way valve 501 is used for one-way conduction from the drain port of the cylinder block 401 to the mixing chamber 502. The mixing chamber 502 is used for mixing the mixed liquid from the cylinder block 401 and the mixed liquid from the suction pump 102, and discharging the mixed mixed liquid into the inner cavity of the cylinder 104. By setting the one-way valve 501, the mixed liquid discharged from the drain port of the cylinder block 401 enters the mixing chamber 502, and is mixed with the mixed liquid containing a large amount of gravel pumped by the suction pump 102 in the mixing chamber 502, so that the gravel in the mixed liquid entering the inner cavity of the cylinder 104 can be distributed as discretely as possible. Thus, under the guiding action of the spiral ring plate 108, the gravel in the mixed liquid can move along the inner wall of the cylinder 104 towards the water outlet 106 as much as possible, so as to ensure that large particle gravel can be discharged from the first material passing hole 107 out of the cylinder 104 as much as possible, increasing the processing capacity of the whole device for large particle gravel.

[0047] As a preferred solution, as Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 shown, a pressure detection mechanism 6 is provided on the conical filter screen 201. The pressure detection mechanism 6 is used for detecting the pressure of the mixed liquid received by the conical filter screen 201 in real time. The pressure detection mechanism 6 is electrically connected to a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the water distribution valve 404. The controller controls the action of the water distribution valve 404 according to the real-time pressure received by the conical filter screen 201. When the real-time pressure received by the conical filter screen 201 increases, the controller controls the water distribution valve 404 to increase the flow rate of the mixed liquid distributed by the second water distribution port. By setting the pressure detection mechanism 6, when the conical filter screen 201 filters the mixed liquid leading to the delivery pipe, the pressure detection mechanism 6 detects the pressure of the mixed liquid received by the conical filter screen 201 in real time. Since the power of the suction pump 102 is relatively constant, when the real-time pressure received by the conical filter screen 201 increases, it indicates that too much gravel has accumulated on the conical filter screen 201. At this time, the controller controls the water distribution valve 404 to increase the flow rate of the mixed liquid distributed by the second water distribution port, thereby increasing the flow rate of the mixed liquid entering the cylinder block 401, thereby increasing the rotation speed and power of the vortex fan 403, thereby increasing the rotation speed of the conical filter screen 201 to apply a greater centrifugal force to the gravel accumulated on the conical filter screen 201, thereby improving the cleaning effect of the gravel accumulated on the conical filter screen 201 and ensuring the filtering performance of the conical filter screen 201. At the same time, the filtered mixed liquid entering the mixing chamber 502 increases, which can reduce the gravel content of the mixed liquid entering the cylinder 104, thereby reducing the filtering burden of the conical filter screen 201 and further ensuring the filtering performance of the conical filter screen 201.

[0048] As a preferred solution, asFigure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown in Figure 4 , Figure 5 , and Figure 7 , the pressure detection mechanism 6 includes a slip ring 701 and a pressure sensor 702. The slip ring 701 is slidably connected to the connecting shaft 302 along the axial direction of the connecting shaft 302. The side wall of the slip ring 701 is connected to the tip of the conical filter screen 201. A chute 703 along the axial direction of the connecting shaft 302 is provided on the side wall of the slip ring 701. One end of each spoke 303 away from the connecting shaft 302 is fixedly connected to the bracket 301, and one end of each spoke 303 facing the connecting shaft 302 is slidably connected to the chute 703. A spring 704 is provided outside the connecting shaft 302. One end of the spring 704 abuts against the slip ring 701, and the other end of the spring 704 abuts against the pressure sensor 702. The pressure sensor 702 is used to detect the extrusion pressure received by the spring 704 in real time. When the extrusion pressure received by the spring 704 increases, the controller controls the water distribution valve 404 to increase the flow rate of the mixed liquid distributed by the second water distribution port. When too much gravel accumulates on the conical filter screen 201, the pressure on the conical filter screen 201 from the mixed liquid increases, the deformation amplitude of the conical filter screen 201 increases, and the conical filter screen 201 applies a thrust away from the water outlet 106 end of the cylinder body 104 to the slip ring 701. Since one end of each spoke 303 facing the connecting shaft 302 is slidably connected to the chute 703 on the side wall of the slip ring 701, each spoke 303 is similar to a cantilever beam. When the conical filter screen 201 deforms, the spoke 303 will also bend and deform. The conical filter screen 201 will push the slip ring 701 to slide on the connecting shaft 302, thereby squeezing the spring 704 on the connecting shaft 302. The pressure received by the spring 704 increases, and the controller controls the water distribution valve 404 to increase the flow rate of the mixed liquid distributed by the second water distribution port, so as to achieve precise control of the action of the water distribution valve 404 and ensure the filtering performance of the conical filter screen 201.

[0049] As a preferred solution, as shown in Figure 6 Figure 6 , the axial direction of the first material passing hole 107 on the side wall of the cylinder body 104 is perpendicular to the radial direction of the cylinder body 104. Setting the axial direction of the first material passing hole 107 on the side wall of the cylinder body 104 to be perpendicular to the radial direction of the cylinder body 104 can make the large - particle gravel in the cylinder body 104 more easily thrown out of the cylinder body 104.

[0050] As a preferred solution, as shown in Figure 4 Figure 4 , the bracket 301 is detachably connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring 202. Setting the bracket 301 and the rotating ring 202 to be detachably connected can facilitate the installation and disassembly of the conical filter screen 201, thereby facilitating the maintenance of this underwater excavation construction device.

[0051] The present invention also provides a method for excavation construction using the underwater excavation construction device for harbor construction, including the following steps:

[0052] The soft soil layer is crushed, and then the crushed soft soil layer is jet-impacted by a high-speed water jet, so that the soft soil layer impacted by the jet forms a mixture of mud, gravel and water;

[0053] The mixed liquid is sucked into the inner cavity of the cylinder 104 by the suction pump 102. The mixed liquid moves in a spiral shape toward one end of the water outlet 106 under the action of the spiral ring plate 108. When the large-grained gravel moves to one end of the water outlet 106, a part of the mixed liquid carries the large-grained gravel and is thrown out from the multiple first material holes 107, thereby discharging the large-grained gravel from the inner cavity of the cylinder 104.

[0054] Large-grain gravel is discharged from the entire excavation construction device through the discharge port 103 on the casing 101 and then collected and processed centrally;

[0055] The remaining part of the mixed liquid in the cylinder 104 carries small gravel particles, which are filtered by the conical filter 201. The small gravel particles in the mixed liquid are filtered out, and the filtered mixed liquid is discharged through the delivery pipe.

[0056] Under the impact of the mixed liquid and the guidance of the conical filter 201 , the small gravel particles filtered out of the conical filter 201 gather at the large end of the conical filter 201 and are then carried out of the casing 101 from the second material passage 204 by a small portion of the mixed liquid.

[0057] While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. An underwater excavation construction device for seaport buildings, comprising a suction pump (102) and a delivery pipe, characterized in that, It further includes: A housing (101) with a partition (110) inside. The partition (110) divides the inner cavity of the housing into a left cavity (105) and a right cavity (109). The left cavity (105) is communicated with the conveying pipe. There is a water outlet (106) on the partition (110). There is a discharge port (103) on the side wall of the right cavity (109); A cylinder body (104) is arranged in the right cavity (109). One end of the cylinder body (104) is communicated with the suction pump (102). The other end of the cylinder body (104) is communicated with the left cavity (105) through the water outlet (106). There are a plurality of first material passing holes (107) on the side wall of the cylinder body (104) near the water outlet (106); A spiral ring plate (108) is arranged in the inner cavity of the cylinder body (104). The spiral ring plate (108) is used to guide the mixed liquid entering the inner cavity of the cylinder body (104). Under the guiding action of the spiral ring plate (108), the mixed liquid in the inner cavity of the cylinder body (104) moves spirally towards the water outlet (106); A conical filter screen (201) is arranged in the left cavity (105). The tip of the conical filter screen (201) faces the water outlet (106). There are a plurality of second material passing holes (204) on the side wall of the housing (101) at the edge of the conical filter screen (201); The cylinder body (104) is rotatably connected in the right cavity (109) of the housing (101). A driving mechanism is connected to the housing (101). A rotating ring (202) is connected outside the conical filter screen (201). The rotating ring (202) is connected to one end of the cylinder body (104) near the water outlet (106). The outer wall of the rotating ring (202) fits with the inner wall of the housing (101). One end of the ring hole of the rotating ring (202) is communicated with the water outlet (106) of the cylinder body (104). There is a third material passing hole (203) on the side wall of the rotating ring (202). Driven by the driving mechanism, the cylinder body (104) drives the rotating ring (202) to rotate, so that the third material passing hole (203) is intermittently communicated with the second material passing hole (204).

2. The underwater excavation construction device for a seaport building according to claim 1, characterized in that A bracket (301) is connected in the ring hole of the rotating ring (202). A connecting shaft (302) is arranged in the middle of the bracket (301). The connecting shaft (302) is coaxially arranged with the conical filter screen (201). There are a plurality of spokes (303) on the bracket (301). Each spoke (303) is arranged along the generatrix direction of the conical filter screen (201). Each spoke (303) abuts against one side surface of the conical filter screen (201) far from the water outlet (106) of the cylinder body (104). One end of each spoke (303) is connected to the bracket (301), and the other end of each spoke (303) is connected to the connecting shaft (302).

3. The underwater excavation construction device for seaport buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving mechanism includes a transmission shaft (402) and a scroll fan (403). One end of the swivel ring (202) away from the cylinder body (104) is communicated with a water distribution valve (404). The water distribution valve (404) is used for diverting the mixed liquid in the annular hole. The conveying pipe is communicated with the first water diversion port of the water distribution valve (404). The second water diversion port of the water distribution valve (404) is communicated with a cylinder block (401). The cylinder block (401) is provided with a drain port. The transmission shaft (402) is rotatably connected in the cylinder block (401). The scroll fan (403) is arranged on the transmission shaft (402). A gear (405) is arranged on the transmission shaft (402). A toothed ring (406) is arranged on the side wall of the cylinder body (104). The gear (405) is in tooth engagement with the toothed ring (406). When the mixed liquid passes through the inner cavity of the cylinder block (401), the mixed liquid drives the scroll fan (403) to rotate.

4. The underwater excavation construction device for seaport buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that, A one-way valve (501) is communicated with the drain port of the cylinder block (401). The one-way valve (501) is communicated with a mixing chamber (502). The mixing chamber (502) is communicated with both the suction pump (102) and the inner cavity of the cylinder body (104). The one-way valve (501) is used for one-way conduction from the drain port of the cylinder block (401) to the mixing chamber (502). The mixing chamber (502) is used for mixing the mixed liquid from the cylinder block (401) and the mixed liquid from the suction pump (102), and discharging the mixed mixed liquid into the inner cavity of the cylinder body (104).

5. The underwater excavation construction device for seaport buildings according to claim 3, wherein, A pressure detection mechanism (6) is arranged on the conical filter screen (201). The pressure detection mechanism (6) is used for detecting the pressure of the mixed liquid received by the conical filter screen (201) in real time. The pressure detection mechanism (6) is electrically connected to a controller. The controller is electrically connected to the water distribution valve (404). The controller controls the action of the water distribution valve (404) according to the real-time pressure received by the conical filter screen (201). When the real-time pressure received by the conical filter screen (201) increases, the controller controls the water distribution valve (404) to increase the flow rate of the mixed liquid distributed by the second water diversion port.

6. The underwater excavation construction device for a seaport building according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pressure detection mechanism (6) includes a slip ring (701) and a pressure sensor (702). The slip ring (701) is slidably connected to the connecting shaft (302) along the axial direction of the connecting shaft (302). The side wall of the slip ring (701) is connected to the tip of the conical filter screen (201). A chute (703) along the axial direction of the connecting shaft (302) is arranged on the side wall of the slip ring (701). One end of each spoke (303) away from the connecting shaft (302) is fixedly connected to the bracket (301). One end of each spoke (303) facing the connecting shaft (302) is slidably connected in the chute (703). A spring (704) is arranged outside the connecting shaft (302). One end of the spring (704) abuts against the slip ring (701), and the other end of the spring (704) abuts against the pressure sensor (702). The pressure sensor (702) is used for detecting the extrusion force received by the spring (704) in real time. When the extrusion force received by the spring (704) increases, the controller controls the water distribution valve (404) to increase the flow rate of the mixed liquid distributed by the second water diversion port.

7. The underwater excavation construction device for seaport buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial direction of the first material passing hole (107) on the side wall of the cylinder body (104) is perpendicular to the radial direction of the cylinder body (104).

8. The underwater excavation construction device for seaport buildings according to claim 2, wherein, The bracket (301) is detachably connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring (202).

9. A method for excavation construction using the underwater excavation construction device for seaport buildings as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: The soft soil layer is broken, and then the broken soft soil layer is impacted by a high-speed water jet, and the soft soil layer impacted by the water jet forms a mixed liquid of sediment, gravel and water; The suction pump (102) is used to suck the mixed liquid into the inner cavity of the cylinder body (104), and the mixed liquid moves spirally towards the water outlet (106) under the action of the spiral ring plate (108). When the large-particle gravel moves to the water outlet (106) end, a part of the mixed liquid carries the large-particle gravel and is thrown out from the multiple first material passing holes (107), so as to discharge the large-particle gravel from the inner cavity of the cylinder body (104); The large-particle gravel is discharged from the discharge port (103) on the casing (101) of the whole excavation construction device and then centrally collected and processed; The remaining part of the mixed liquid in the cylinder body (104) carries small-particle gravel. Under the filtration of the conical filter screen (201), the small-particle gravel in the mixed liquid is filtered out, and the filtered mixed liquid is discharged through the conveying pipe; Under the impact of the mixed liquid and the guiding action of the conical filter screen (201), the small-particle gravel filtered out on the conical filter screen (201) accumulates at the large end of the conical filter screen (201), and then is carried out of the casing (101) by a small part of the mixed liquid from the second material passing hole (204).

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