An electrically heated roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of roller kilns, and discloses an electric heating roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate, comprising: a furnace shell with a furnace installed in the furnace shell; a roller conveyor mechanism arranged on the furnace hearth, for conveying a material box filled with rare earth fluorocarbonate; heating elements installed on the furnace hearth, with at least two groups of heating elements distributed on both sides of the roller conveyor mechanism; an accommodating cavity in the middle section of the furnace hearth, with a stopper provided in the accommodating cavity; lifting doors installed on the furnace shell, with the lifting doors on the upper and lower sides being able to abut against the stopper to form an insulating cavity; a limiter installed on the lower side of the furnace shell for limiting the position of the material box; and a shell breaking mechanism installed on the upper side of the furnace shell for cutting off the crusted surface in the material box. Through structural designs such as multi-layer thermal insulation, balanced heating, precise temperature measurement and efficient shell breaking, the problems of crusting and excessive fluorine content at the bottom during calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate are solved, and the heating uniformity of the material and the product quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of roller kilns, in particular to an electric heating roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate. Background Art

[0002] A roller kiln is a continuous industrial kiln that uses rollers as material transport carriers. Rare earth fluorocarbonate is placed in a sagger or directly on rollers, and is automatically transported through the rotation of the rollers to complete the heating, calcining, sintering and other process in the kiln.

[0003] During the production process, the upper material will form a crust. Due to the low temperature at the bottom of the sagger, the fluorine content of the rare earth oxide in the bottom 1 cm thick of a certain batch of materials exceeded the standard by 0.3%.

[0004] The core causes of crust formation include: 1. Excessive top heating or heat radiation: In electric roller kilns, if the top heating elements (such as resistance wires or infrared radiation panels) are too powerful or too close to the upper material, the surface temperature of the upper material layer will be significantly higher than that of the middle / lower layers. This localized overheating can cause surface particles to melt and adhere. Heat dissipation from the kiln roof can also lead to localized condensation: If the kiln roof is inadequately insulated, rising high-temperature gases will encounter the relatively cool inner wall of the kiln roof, causing some low-melting-point volatiles (such as fluoride and silicate vapors) to condense and drip onto the upper surface, forming the core of the crust. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an electrically heated roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: an electric heating roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate, characterized in that it includes: a furnace shell with a furnace installed in the furnace shell; a roller conveyor mechanism provided on the furnace hearth, for conveying a material box filled with rare earth fluorocarbonate; heating elements installed on the furnace hearth, and at least two groups of heating elements are distributed on both sides of the roller conveyor mechanism; a accommodating cavity in the middle section of the furnace hearth, with a stopper provided in the accommodating cavity; a lifting door installed on the furnace shell, and the lifting doors on the upper and lower sides can be abutted against the stopper to form an insulating cavity; a limiter installed on the lower side of the furnace shell for limiting the position of the material box; and a shell breaking mechanism installed on the upper side of the furnace shell for cutting off the crust surface inside the material box.

[0007] It also includes a conveyor line for conveying the material boxes into the roller kiln.

[0008] There is a groove under the strip high alumina brick, and the groove is filled with alumina or asbestos powder.

[0009] The furnace shell is rotatably connected to a shaft driven by a second motor, and the shaft is connected to a propeller blade made of refractory material for scraping off adhesives on the bottom of the furnace.

[0010] The material box is placed on the pad and runs, and a limit rod is inserted into the blind hole on the side of the pad to leave an air flow gap between adjacent pads, and the top surface of the pad is provided with a placement groove for accommodating the material box; a correction mechanism is installed on the second steel plate, and the correction mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged second feet, the second feet are connected to the second slide rail, the second slide rail is slidably connected to the second slider, the second slider is connected to the Z-shaped clamping arm, and the two clamping arms are used to simultaneously center and clamp the pad carrying the material box, the clamping arm is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod, the two free ends of the first connecting rods are hinged by the second connecting rod, the middle of the second connecting rod is connected to the third motor, the third motor is connected to the third foot, and the third foot is connected to the second steel plate.

[0011] A second embedded plate is built in the high-alumina refractory bricks on the upper and lower sides of the shaft roller. The second embedded plate is connected to the temperature measuring frame which is sectionally arranged in the roller kiln. The temperature measuring frame includes two grids distributed on the upper and lower sides of the shaft roller and six vertical rods connecting the two grids, three vertical rods on each side of the left and right sides. Temperature sensors are installed on the upper left, middle left and lower left of the three vertical rods on the left side, and temperature sensors are installed on the lower right, middle right and upper right of the three vertical rods on the right side.

[0012] A plugging piece located at the shaft hole position of the furnace is installed in the shaft roller, a through hole connected to the shaft roller is opened on the shaft head, and a shaft cover with a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet is rotatably connected to the shaft head; the worm gear is connected to a rotating rod arranged at an equal angle, and the rotating rod connection surface has a roller with an annular groove, and the shaft head is rotatably connected to a shell with a U-shaped groove that matches the roller clearance, a rubber tube is installed in the annular groove, and both ends of the rubber tube are connected to the coolant storage tank, and the other two ports of the coolant storage tank are connected to the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet.

[0013] The shell breaking mechanism includes a third telescopic rod arranged on the top of the furnace shell, the third telescopic rod cylinder is connected to the guide seat, the guide seat is slidably connected to the guide rod, the lower end of the guide rod is connected to the first U-shaped seat, the horizontal section of the first U-shaped seat is slidably connected to the second U-shaped seat, the second U-shaped seat has side wings and is connected to the first spring, the free end of the first spring is connected to the first U-shaped seat, a slide groove is provided on the side wall of the second U-shaped seat, the bottom surface of the first U-shaped seat is connected to a T-shaped shearing seat, the shearing seat is adapted to the slide groove, and a sink groove is provided on the bottom surface, and a pin is rotatably connected in the sink groove. The pin is rotatably connected to two symmetrically arranged 7-shaped scissors for chopping the crust surface in the material box, the horizontal section of the scissors is provided with a rounded rectangular groove, and the second U-shaped seat is connected to a round rod located in the rounded rectangular groove. The first spring can prevent the cutting plate from crushing the material box.

[0014] The shell breaking mechanism includes a cylinder seat arranged on the top of the furnace shell, a fourth telescopic rod is hinged on the cylinder seat, the piston end of the fourth telescopic rod is connected to the sleeve, the sleeve is connected to the ball bearing, the ball bearing is connected to the pillow block, the pillow block is connected to the hinge ear, the hinge ear is hinged to the hinge seat, the hinge seat is connected to a supporting plate with a cross cutting plate adapted to the material box on the bottom surface, the top surface of the supporting plate is connected to a sleeve, a sliding rod is slidably connected to the sleeve, the upper end of the sliding rod is connected to a circular tube rotatably connected to the furnace shell, and a driving member is connected to the circular tube located outside the furnace shell, the driving member is a fifth telescopic rod hinged on the circular tube and the tail end is hinged to the furnace shell, or it is a worm gear mechanism.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: efficient calcination: multiple groups of heating elements are distributed on both sides of the roller, and with the good furnace insulation structure and reflective plate, they can heat the fluorinated rare earth carbonate evenly and efficiently, thereby improving the calcination efficiency. Multiple temperature sensors on the temperature measuring rack can comprehensively monitor the temperature in the kiln, ensure temperature uniformity, and ensure optimal sintering performance. Convenient operation: The conveyor line and the roller conveyor mechanism work together to realize automatic conveying, and the correction mechanism ensures stable conveying. The shell breaking mechanism can automatically process the crust in the material box, and the limiter accurately positions the material box for easy operation. Energy saving and heat insulation: The lifting door and the stopper form an insulating cavity to reduce heat loss and energy consumption. The furnace is composed of lightweight mullite bricks, diatomaceous earth bricks and insulating carbon felt, which has good thermal insulation performance and further improves energy utilization. Safety protection: The mesh plate covers the heating elements outside the furnace shell to prevent operators from being scalded. The shaft roller cooling structure ensures stable operation of the equipment, avoids failures due to excessive temperature, and reduces safety hazards. Easy maintenance: The propeller blades can regularly clean the adhesive on the bottom of the furnace, making it easier to maintain the equipment and extend its service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the overall structure of an electric heating roller kiln used to calcine rare earth fluorocarbonate.

[0017] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of this application.

[0018] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of the main structure of the furnace shell and furnace.

[0019] Figure 4 : Side view of the shell breaking mechanism inside the furnace shell.

[0020] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the conveyor line structure of the electric heating roller kiln.

[0021] Figure 6 : Schematic diagram of the layering and connection structure of the furnace shell.

[0022] Figure 7 : Schematic diagram of the furnace's refractory layer masonry and channel structure.

[0023] Figure 8 : Schematic diagram of the axial hole distribution and thermal insulation optimization structure of the strip high-alumina refractory bricks in the furnace.

[0024] Figure 9 : Schematic diagram of the transmission and insulation structure of the roller conveyor mechanism.

[0025] Figure 10 : Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the roller conveyor mechanism.

[0026] Figure 11 : Schematic diagram of the installation position and structure of the stopper.

[0027] Figure 12 : Schematic diagram of the layout of the lifting door and its coordination structure with the stopper.

[0028] Figure 13 : Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lifting door.

[0029] Figure 14 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the limiter and the positioning of the material box.

[0030] Figure 15 : A schematic structural diagram of a shell breaking mechanism (embodiment one).

[0031] Figure 16 : Schematic diagram of the stirring component structure of the cutting plate of the shell breaking mechanism.

[0032] Figure 17 : Schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the pressure cap.

[0033] Figure 18 : Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cam.

[0034] Figure 19 : Schematic diagram of the protective structure of the heating element outside the furnace shell.

[0035] Figure 20 : Schematic diagram of the furnace bottom cleaning mechanism structure.

[0036] Figure 21 : Schematic diagram of the pad and correcting mechanism structure.

[0037] Figure 22 : Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the correction mechanism on the furnace shell.

[0038] Figure 23 : Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the correction mechanism.

[0039] Figure 24 : Schematic diagram of the temperature measuring rack and temperature sensor layout.

[0040] Figure 25 : Schematic diagram of the coolant circulation cooling structure of the roller bearing seat.

[0041] Figure 26 : Schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the roller.

[0042] Figure 27 : Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the coolant storage tank.

[0043] Figure 28 : Schematic diagram of the scissor-type structure of the shell breaking mechanism (Example 2).

[0044] Figure 29 : Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the shear seat.

[0045] Figure 30 : Schematic diagram of the rotatable cutting plate and driving structure of the shell breaking mechanism (Example 3).

[0046] Figure 31 : Schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the slider.

[0047] Figure 32 : Schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the sleeve.

[0048] Figure 33 : Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the worm gear mechanism.

[0049] Figure: 1. Furnace shell; 2. Furnace chamber; 3. Roller conveyor mechanism; 4. Material box; 5. Heating element; 6. Stopper; 7. Lifting door; 8. Stopper; 9. Shell breaking mechanism; 10. Conveyor line; 11. Furnace base; 12. Lower furnace body; 13. First U-shaped steel frame; 14. First steel plate; 15. Second steel plate; 16. Support column; 17. Third steel plate; 18. Upper furnace body; 19. Second U-shaped steel frame; 20. Inlet pipe; 21. Exhaust Pipeline; 22. Lightweight mullite brick; 23. Diatomite brick; 24. Insulating carbon felt; 25. High-alumina refractory brick; 26. Reflector; 27. Refractory fiber; 28. Strip high-alumina brick; 29. ​​Shaft hole; 30. Shaft roller; 31. Shaft head; 32. First bearing seat; 33. Support plate; 34. Worm gear; 35. Worm; 36. Second bearing seat; 37. Support; 38. First motor; 39. Baffle; 40. First embedded piece; 41. L-shaped plate; 42. First telescopic rod; 43. First slider; 44. First slide rail; 45. Flange; 46. Second telescopic rod; 47. First foot seat; 48. Baffle; 49. Third telescopic rod; 50. Guide seat; 51. Guide rod; 52. First U-shaped seat; 53. Second U-shaped seat 54. Side wing; 55. First spring; 56. Loading plate; 57. Cutting plate; 58. Through slot; 59. Vertical slot; 60. Housing; 61. Top cover; 62. Short shaft; 63. Diverter lever; 64. Cam; 65. Second spring; 66. Pressure cap; 67. Guide post; 68. Guide slot; 69. Side rod; 70. Rectangular frame; 71. Mesh plate; 72. Shaft; 73. Second motor; 74. Propeller blade; 75. Pad; 76. Blind hole; 77. Limit rod; 78. Placement slot; 7 9. Correction mechanism; 80. Second foot; 81. Second slide rail; 82. Second slider; 83. Clamping arm; 84. First connecting rod; 85. Second connecting rod; 86. Third motor; 87. Third foot; 88. Second embedded plate; 89. Temperature measuring frame; 90. Grid; 91. Vertical rod; 92. Temperature sensor; 93. Blocking plate; 94. Shaft cover; 95. Coolant inlet; 96. Coolant outlet; 97. Rotating rod; 98. Roller; 99. Ring groove; 100. Housing; 101. U Groove; 102, rubber tube; 103, coolant tank; 104, shear seat; 105, pin; 106, scissors; 107, rounded rectangular groove; 108, round rod; 109, cylinder seat; 110, fourth telescopic rod; 111, bushing; 112, ball bearing; 113, pillow block; 114, hinged ear; 115, hinged seat; 116, sleeve; 117, slide rod; 118, round tube; 119, drive member; 120, fifth telescopic rod; 121, worm gear mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0052] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth", "sixth", "seventh", "eighth", "ninth" and "tenth" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "install", "connect" and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0054] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown in Example 1, an electric heating roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate includes a furnace shell 1, a furnace chamber 2 is installed in the furnace shell 1, a roller conveying mechanism 3 is installed on the furnace chamber 2, and the roller conveying mechanism 3 is used to convey a material box 4 filled with rare earth fluorocarbonate; a heating element 5 is installed on the furnace chamber 2, and two groups of heating elements 5 are distributed on both sides of the roller conveying mechanism 3; the middle section of the furnace chamber 2 has an accommodating cavity, and a stopper 6 is installed in the accommodating cavity; a lifting door 7 is installed on the furnace shell 1, and the lifting doors 7 on the upper and lower sides are against the stopper 6 to form an insulating cavity; a limiter 8 for limiting the position of the material box 4 is installed on the lower side of the furnace shell 1; a shell breaking mechanism 9 for cutting off the crust surface inside the material box 4 is installed on the upper side of the furnace shell 1.

[0055] like Figure 5 As shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, a conveyor line 10 is further included, and the conveyor line 10 is used to convey the material box 4 into the roller kiln.

[0056] like Figure 6 As shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, the furnace shell 1 includes a furnace base 11, which is fixed to the ground by anchor bolts. A lower furnace body 12 is installed on the furnace base 11, and the lower furnace body 12 includes a first U-shaped steel frame 13. The inner side of the first U-shaped steel frame 13 is connected to a first steel plate 14. The first steel plate 14 and the first U-shaped steel frame 13 form a trough structure. The two side openings of the lower furnace body 12 are connected to a second steel plate 15 with a feeding port; the top surface of the lower furnace body 12 is connected to a support column 16, and the inner side of the support column 16 is connected to the second steel plate 15. The surface is connected to a strip-shaped third steel plate 17, which is used to install the roller conveyor mechanism 3; the support column 16 is connected to the upper furnace body 18, which includes an inverted second U-shaped steel frame 19, and the inner side of the second U-shaped steel frame 19 is connected to the first steel plate 14. The first steel plate 14 and the second U-shaped steel frame 19 form a trough structure, and the two side openings of the upper furnace body 18 are connected to the second steel plate 15 with a feeding port; the lower furnace body 12 is provided with an air intake pipe 20, and the upper furnace body 18 is provided with an exhaust pipe 21.

[0057] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, the furnace 2 includes lightweight mullite bricks 22 built at the bottom, diatomaceous earth bricks 23 built on the side walls, and thermal insulation carbon felt 24 laid on the top. High-aluminum refractory bricks 25 are built on the lightweight mullite bricks 22. The high-aluminum refractory bricks 25 at the bottom are arc-shaped, and the high-aluminum refractory bricks 25 at the top are arc-shaped. Several high-aluminum refractory bricks 25 form a square-shaped channel, which is used to pass the material box 4. Reflective plates 26 are connected to the inner wall. The gaps between the curved and flat high-alumina refractory bricks 25 are filled with refractory fibers 27. Three layers of strip-shaped high-alumina bricks 28 are built between the lateral high-alumina refractory bricks 25. These three layers of strip-shaped high-alumina bricks 28 have axial holes 29. The upper and lower axial holes 29 are used to mount heating elements 5, which can be silicon carbide rods, resistance wire, or molybdenum wire. The middle axial hole 29 is used to mount the roller conveyor mechanism 3. During the heating process, after the material box 4 enters the furnace 2, the heating elements 5 (silicon carbide rods, resistance wire, molybdenum wire, etc.) in the upper and lower axial holes 29 begin to operate, heating the material box 4 within the furnace 2. The furnace 2 structure, composed of lightweight mullite bricks 22, diatomaceous earth bricks 23, and insulating carbon felt 24, effectively insulates the material. The reflective plates 26 enhance heating efficiency. During the heating process, the six temperature sensors 92 on the temperature measuring rack 89 measure the temperatures of different nodes inside the roller kiln in real time in order to monitor and adjust the temperature.

[0058] like Figure 8 As shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, considering that the upper and lower layers of high-alumina strip bricks 28 will conduct high temperature, in order to improve the refractory performance of the furnace 2, a groove is provided below the high-alumina strip bricks 28, and the groove is filled with alumina or asbestos powder.

[0059] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, as an optimization of Example 1, the roller conveyor mechanism 3 includes a shaft roller 30. The shaft roller 30 is a hollow shaft with a ceramic coating on its surface. The shaft roller 30 is clearance-matched with the shaft hole 29 of the middle layer. Ceramic fiber felt is installed in the gap between the shaft roller 30 and the shaft hole 29. The shaft roller 30 is connected to a shaft head 31 at both ends. The shaft head 31 is rotatably connected to a first bearing seat 32. The first bearing seat 32 is connected to a support plate 33. The support plate 33 is connected to the furnace shell 1. A worm gear 34 is connected to the shaft head 31 on one side. The worm gear 35 is meshed with the worm gear 35. The worm gear 35 is rotatably connected to a second bearing seat 36. The second bearing seat 36 is connected to a support 37. The support 37 is connected to the support plate 33. The worm gear 35 is driven by a first motor 38. Roller conveying: At the roller conveyor mechanism 3, the first motor 38 drives the worm gear 35 to rotate, which drives the meshing worm gear 34, thereby rotating the shaft roller 30. The shaft roller 30 is a hollow shaft with a ceramic coating on the surface. It is clearance-matched with the middle shaft hole 29. When the shaft roller 30 rotates, it drives the pad 75 and the material box 4 to move forward, and the material box 4 enters the square channel composed of several high-alumina refractory bricks 25.

[0060] like Figure 11 As shown, as an optimization of Example 1, the stopper 6 is located between adjacent rollers 30, and the number of the stoppers 6 is 2. The stopper 6 includes a baffle 39, and the height of the baffle 39 is less than the diameter of the roller 30. The upper and lower sides of the baffle 39 are connected with a first embedded piece 40, and the first embedded piece 40 is used to be embedded between the high-alumina refractory bricks 25.

[0061] like Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, as an optimization of Example 1, the number of the lifting doors 7 is 4, 2 lifting doors 7 form a group, and the 2 groups of lifting doors 7 are symmetrically arranged up and down, and the lifting doors 7 include an L-shaped plate 41, the vertical section of the L-shaped plate 41 is matched with the gap of the accommodating cavity, the vertical section of the L-shaped plate 41 is used to squeeze the baffle 39, and the horizontal section of the L-shaped plate 41 is connected to the first telescopic rod 42, and the first telescopic rod 42 is connected to the furnace shell 1; the horizontal section of the L-shaped plate 41 is installed with a first slider 43, and the first slider 43 is slidably connected to the first slide rail 44, the first slide rail 44 is connected to the furnace shell 1, and a gap is left between the opposite first slide rails 44; the vertical section of the L-shaped plate 41 is connected with a flange 45, and high-alumina refractory bricks 25 are built on the flange 45, and the high-alumina refractory bricks 25 form an insulating cavity; the middle of the high-alumina refractory brick 25 has a hole through which the shell breaking mechanism 9 passes. Thermal Insulation: When the hopper 4 passes through the middle section of the furnace 2, the stopper 6 is positioned between adjacent rollers 30. When the lift gate 7 operates, the vertical section of the L-shaped plate fits into the accommodating cavity and compresses the baffle 39. The horizontal section of the L-shaped plate is connected to the furnace shell 1 via the first telescopic rod 42, driving the L-shaped plate upward or downward. At this point, the lift gates 7 on the upper and lower sides contact the stopper 6, forming an insulating cavity enclosed by high-alumina refractory bricks 25, reducing heat loss.

[0062] like Figure 14 As shown, as an optimization of embodiment 1, the limiter 8 includes a second telescopic rod 46 arranged at the bottom of the furnace shell 1, the piston end of the second telescopic rod 46 is connected to a first foot seat 47, and a baffle 48 is installed on the first foot seat 47. The baffle 48 is used to limit the position of the material box 4 so that the material box 4 stops below the shell breaking mechanism 9.

[0063] like Figure 15As shown, as an optimization of Example 1, the shell breaking mechanism 9 includes a third telescopic rod 49 arranged on the top of the furnace shell 1, and the cylinder body of the third telescopic rod 49 is connected to a guide seat 50, and the guide seat 50 is slidably connected to a guide rod 51, and the lower end of the guide rod 51 is connected to a first U-shaped seat 52, and the horizontal section of the first U-shaped seat 52 is slidably connected to a second U-shaped seat 53, and the second U-shaped seat 53 has side wings 54, and the side wings 54 are connected to a first spring 55, and the free end of the first spring 55 is connected to the first U-shaped seat 52, and the lower end of the second U-shaped seat 53 is connected to a supporting plate 56, and the bottom surface of the supporting plate 56 is connected to a cross cutting plate 57, and the cutting plate 57 is adapted to the material box 4, and the first spring 55 can prevent the cutting plate 57 from crushing the material box 4. Shell Breaking Operation: When the hopper 4 moves below the shell breaking mechanism 9, the stopper 8 activates, and the second telescopic rod 46 extends, pushing the first footrest 47 and the stop bar 48 to limit the position of the hopper 4, allowing it to stop precisely below the shell breaking mechanism 9. At this point, the third telescopic rod 49 extends, driving the guide rod 51 and the connecting components below it to descend. Crossing cutting plates 57 on the bottom surface of the support plate 56 contact the surface of the crust inside the hopper 4 to cut. The lever 63 on the cutting plate 57 rotates within the through slot 58 to agitate the rare earth fluoride carbonate beneath the crust. This intermittent rotation is achieved through a cam 64, spiral grooves, and other structures.

[0064] like Figures 16 to 18 As shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, the cutting plate 57 is provided with a through groove 58, and the cutting plate 57 is provided with a vertical groove 59, which is connected to the through groove 58. A shell 60 is installed on the vertical groove 59. The shell 60 is in the shape of a tube. The shell 60 is flush with the bottom surface of the cutting plate 57. The top surface of the shell 60 is connected to a top cover 61. A short shaft 62 is rotatably connected to the top cover 61. The short shaft 62 located outside the top cover 61 is connected to a lever 63. The lever 63 is located in the through groove 58. The lever 63 is used to rotate and stir the rare earth fluoride carbonate below the crust; the short shaft 62 The lower end is connected to a cam 64, the side wall of the cam 64 has a spiral groove, the bottom surface of the cam 64 is connected to a second spring 65, the free end of the second spring 65 is connected to a pressure cap 66, the pressure cap 66 is slidably adapted to the outer shell 60, the side wall of the pressure cap 66 is connected to a guide post 67, the inner end of the guide post 67 is adapted to the spiral groove, and a guide groove 68 is provided on the outer shell 60 for the limited guide post 67 to slide up and down. The pressure cap 66 descends and the extrusion guide post 67 rises. The spiral groove of the cam 64 causes the short shaft 62 to rotate intermittently, and the lever 63 can stir the rare earth fluoride carbonate under the crust.

[0065] like Figure 19As shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, considering that the heating element 5 can easily burn the operator, the furnace shell 1 is equipped with side rods 69, which are connected to rectangular frames 70, and the rectangular frames 70 are connected to mesh plates 71. The mesh plates 71 are used to cover the heating elements 5 outside the furnace shell 1. At the same time, when the operator approaches, the mesh plates 71 installed on the furnace shell 1 can cover the heating elements 5 outside the furnace shell 1 to prevent burns.

[0066] like Figure 20 As shown, as an optimization of Example 1, considering that rare earth fluoride carbonate may accumulate at the bottom of the furnace 2 and adhere to the furnace 2 after calcination, requiring regular cleaning, the furnace shell 1 is rotatably connected to a shaft 72, which is driven by a second motor 73. A propeller blade 74 is connected to the shaft 72. The propeller blade 74 is made of refractory material and is used to scrape the adhesive from the bottom of the furnace 2. Cleaning and maintenance: During the calcination process, rare earth fluoride carbonate may accumulate at the bottom of the furnace 2. The second motor 73 drives the shaft 72, causing the propeller blade 74 to rotate and scrape the adhesive from the bottom of the furnace 2.

[0067] like Figures 21 to 23 As shown, as an optimization of embodiment 1, during the production process, the material box 4 is placed on the pad 75 for operation, and the three pads 75 are in a row. The side of the pad 75 has a blind hole 76, and the blind hole 76 is inserted with a limiting rod 77. By setting the limiting rod 77, a gap for air flow is left between adjacent pads 75, and the top surface of the pad 75 has a placement groove 78 for accommodating the material box 4; considering that the position of the pad 75 is easily offset when running on the shaft roller 30, a correcting mechanism 79 is installed on the second steel plate 15 (the entry side of the material box 4), and the correcting mechanism 79 includes a second foot 80, and the number of the second foot 80 is Two second foot supports 80 are symmetrically arranged. A second slide rail 81 is connected to the second foot support 80 , to which a second slider 82 is slidably connected. A clamping arm 83 is connected to the second slider 82 . The clamping arms 83 are shaped like a letter Z. The two clamping arms 83 are used to simultaneously center and clamp the pad 75 that supports the material box 4 . A first connecting rod 84 is rotatably connected to the clamping arms 83 . The free ends of the two first connecting rods 84 are hingedly connected by a second connecting rod 85 . A third motor 86 is connected to the middle of the second connecting rod 85 . A third foot support 87 is connected to the third motor 86 , and the third foot support 87 is connected to the second steel plate 15 . Material box 4 conveying: The material box 4 is placed on the pad 75 and transported to the roller kiln entrance via the conveyor line 10 . At this time, the correction mechanism 79 comes into play, the third motor 86 drives the second connecting rod 85, and drives the first connecting rod 84 to move the clamping arm 83, to center and clamp the pad 75 carrying the material box 4, to ensure that the pad 75 runs in the accurate position on the shaft roller 30, and the adjacent pads 75 maintain the airflow gap through the limit rod 77.

[0068] like Figure 24As shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, considering that the existing temperature sensor 92 (thermocouple) is usually installed on the top or side wall of the kiln body, there is a detection blind spot, the area below the roller: due to the obstruction of the roller and the sagger, the bottom temperature detection error is as high as 5-8 ° C (especially when the material stacking height is high); a second embedded piece 88 is built in the high-alumina refractory brick 25, and the second embedded piece 88 is located on the upper and lower sides of the shaft roller 30. A temperature measuring frame 89 is connected to the second embedded piece 88. The temperature measuring frame 89 is arranged in sections in the roller kiln. The temperature measuring frame 89 includes two grids 90 and six vertical rods 91. The two grids 90 are distributed on the shaft roller. 30, six vertical rods 91 are connected between the grids 90, and three vertical rods 91 are arranged in a group on the left and right sides. Three temperature sensors 92 are installed on the three vertical rods 91 on the left, and the three temperature sensors 92 are located at the upper left, middle left, and lower left. Three temperature sensors 92 are installed on the three vertical rods 91 on the right, and the three temperature sensors 92 are located at the lower right, middle right, and upper right. The six temperature sensors 92 can measure the temperature at the corresponding nodes for statistics, and test the temperature inside the roller kiln. If the temperature measurement results of the front, middle, and rear areas are uniform, the best sintering performance can be guaranteed.

[0069] like Figures 25 to 27 As shown, as an optimization of Example 1, considering that the roller will conduct heat to the first bearing seat 32, resulting in poor lubrication performance of the bearing seat, a plugging piece 93 is installed in the shaft roller 30, and the plugging piece 93 is located at the shaft hole 29 position of the furnace 2. A through hole connecting the shaft roller 30 is opened on the shaft head 31, and a shaft cover 94 is rotatably connected to the shaft head 31, and the shaft cover 94 has a coolant inlet 95 and a coolant outlet 96; the worm gear 34 is connected to a rotating rod 97 arranged at an equal angle, and the rotating rod 97 is connected to a roller 98, and the surface of the roller 98 has an annular groove 99, and the shaft head 31 is rotatably connected to a shell 100, and the shell 100 has a U-shaped groove 101, and the U-shaped groove 101 is clearance-matched with the roller 98, and a rubber tube 102 is installed in the annular groove 99, and both ends of the rubber tube 102 are connected to a coolant storage tank 103, and the other two ports of the coolant storage tank 103 are connected to the coolant inlet 95 and the coolant outlet 96. When the shaft roller 30 transfers heat to the first bearing seat 32, the blocking piece 93 inside the shaft roller 30, the through hole and shaft cover 94 on the shaft head 31, the rotating rod 97 on the worm gear 34, the roller 98, the rubber tube 102 and the coolant storage tank 103 and other structures work together to cool the shaft head 31 and ensure the lubrication performance of the bearing seat.

[0070] Beneficial effects of embodiment 1

[0071] Efficient Calcination: Multiple heating elements 5 are distributed on both sides of the roller conveyor. Combined with the effective insulation structure of the furnace 2 and the reflector 26, they heat the rare earth fluoride carbonate evenly and efficiently, improving calcination efficiency. Multiple temperature sensors 92 on the temperature measuring rack 89 comprehensively monitor the temperature within the kiln, ensuring temperature uniformity and optimal sintering performance.

[0072] Convenient operation: The conveyor line 10 cooperates with the roller conveyor mechanism 3 to achieve automated conveying, and the correction mechanism 79 ensures stable conveying. The shell breaking mechanism 9 can automatically process the crust inside the material box 4, and the limiter 8 accurately positions the material box 4 for easy operation.

[0073] Energy-saving and heat-insulating: The lift door 7 and stopper 6 form an insulating cavity, reducing heat loss and lowering energy consumption. The furnace 2 is composed of lightweight mullite bricks 22, diatomaceous earth bricks 23, and insulating carbon felt 24, providing excellent insulation performance and further improving energy efficiency.

[0074] Safety protection: The mesh plate 71 covers the heating element 5 outside the furnace shell 1 to prevent burns to the operator. The cooling structure of the shaft roller 30 ensures stable operation of the equipment, avoids malfunctions caused by excessive temperatures, and reduces safety hazards.

[0075] Easy maintenance: The propeller blades 74 can regularly clean the adhesive on the bottom of the furnace 2, making it easy to maintain the equipment and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0076] like Figure 28 and Figure 29As shown, embodiment 2 is different from embodiment 1 in that the shell breaking mechanism 9 includes a third telescopic rod 49 provided on the top of the furnace shell 1, a guide seat 50 is connected to the cylinder body of the third telescopic rod 49, a guide rod 51 is slidably connected to the guide seat 50, the lower end of the guide rod 51 is connected to a first U-shaped seat 52, the horizontal section of the first U-shaped seat 52 is slidably connected to the second U-shaped seat 53, the second U-shaped seat 53 has side wings 54, the side wings 54 are connected to a first spring 55, the free end of the first spring 55 is connected to the first U-shaped seat 52, the side wall of the second U-shaped seat 53 is provided with a slide groove, the bottom surface of the first U-shaped seat 52 is connected to the shear seat 104, the shear The seat 104 is in the shape of a T, and the straight portion of the shear seat 104 is adapted to the slide groove. A sink groove is provided on the bottom surface of the shear seat 104, and a pin 105 is rotatably connected in the sink groove. A scissors 106 is rotatably connected to the pin 105. The scissors 106 are used to chop the crust surface in the material box 4. The two scissors 106 are symmetrically arranged. The scissors 106 are in the shape of a 7. The horizontal section of the scissors 106 is provided with a rounded rectangular groove 107. A round rod 108 is connected to the second U-shaped seat 53. The round rod 108 is located in the rounded rectangular groove 107. The round rod 108 causes the scissors 106 to produce a shearing action. The first spring 55 can prevent the cutting plate 57 from crushing the material box 4. Movement process: The scissors 106 are hinged to the recessed groove of the shear seat 104 through the pin 105. Its movement trajectory is precisely defined by the rounded rectangular groove 107 and the round rod 108, forming a controllable shear motion pair: the round rod 108 serves as a driving fulcrum to guide the scissors 106 to rotate around the pin 105, avoiding the skewness or jamming problems that may occur in the traditional rigid cutting plate 57.

[0077] Example 2 Beneficial Effects

[0078] The shell-breaking mechanism 9 of the second embodiment can realize the shearing crushing action of the scissors 106. The shear force has a more significant effect on the crushing effect of hard crusts, and is particularly suitable for dense crusts formed due to local high temperatures during the calcination of rare earth fluorocarbonate. The symmetrical scissors 106 can cut the crust from both sides at the same time, and are particularly suitable for processing irregular crusts (such as raised edges, local thickening, etc.). The blade contact area of ​​the scissors 106 is small and the pressure is high, which can quickly cut the crust surface. The shearing action of the second embodiment can directly crush the crust into particles, reduce the subsequent material turning steps, and improve the shell-breaking efficiency.

[0079] like Figure 30 to Figure 32As shown, embodiment three is different from embodiment one in that the shell breaking mechanism 9 includes a cylinder seat 109 provided on the top of the furnace shell 1, a fourth telescopic rod 110 is hinged on the cylinder seat 109, the piston end of the fourth telescopic rod 110 is connected to a sleeve 111, a ball bearing 112 is connected to the sleeve 111, the ball bearing 112 is connected to a pillow block 113, the pillow block 113 is connected to a hinged ear 114, the hinged ear 114 is hinged to a hinged seat 115, and the hinged seat 11 5 is connected to a carrier plate 56. A cross-shaped cutting plate 57 is connected to the bottom of the carrier plate 56. The cutting plate 57 is adapted to fit the material box 4. A sleeve 116 is connected to the top of the carrier plate 56. A slide rod 117 is slidably connected to the sleeve 116. The upper end of the slide rod 117 is connected to a circular tube 118. The circular tube 118 is rotatably connected to the furnace shell 1. A drive member 119 is connected to the circular tube 118 located outside the furnace shell 1. The drive member 119 is used to drive the circular tube 118 to rotate a certain angle. The carrier plate 56 is slidably connected to the sleeve 116 via the slide rod 117. During rotation, it can be fine-tuned axially. In conjunction with the height adjustment of the fourth telescopic rod 110, precise control of the crushing depth is achieved to accommodate crust layers of varying thicknesses.

[0080] like Figure 33 As shown, the driving member 119 includes a fifth telescopic rod 120 hinged on the round tube 118 , and the tail end of the fifth telescopic rod 120 is hinged to the furnace shell 1 , or the driving member 119 can be replaced by a worm gear mechanism 121 .

[0081] Example 3 Beneficial Effects

[0082] The third embodiment adopts a cross-cutting plate 57 adapted to the material box 4. The cross-cutting plate 57 has a wider crushing coverage area and can simultaneously perform multi-directional cutting on the crust surface in the material box 4, forming a cross-crushing path, which effectively improves the crushing efficiency and uniformity. The design of the cutting plate 57 rotating at a certain angle with the circular tube 118 can achieve all-round crushing of the crust surface by adjusting the rotation range to avoid local residue. The third embodiment improves the crushing efficiency, adaptability, reliability and protection of the material box 4 through the multi-directional crushing, articulated flexible transmission and adjustable drive mechanism of the cross-cutting plate 57. It is particularly suitable for scenarios that require large-scale uniform crushing, complex working conditions or high requirements for equipment protection. Compared with the first and second embodiments, it takes into account both crushing capacity and structural flexibility, and has stronger engineering practicality.

[0083] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrically heated roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate, characterized in that: include: A furnace shell (1) is provided, wherein a furnace chamber (2) is installed in the furnace shell (1); A roller conveying mechanism (3) provided on the furnace (2) is used to convey a material box (4) containing rare earth fluorocarbonate; Heating elements (5) are installed on the furnace (2), and at least two groups of heating elements (5) are distributed on both sides of the roller conveyor mechanism (3); A accommodating cavity in the middle section of the furnace (2), wherein a stopper (6) is provided in the accommodating cavity; A lifting door (7) installed on the furnace shell (1), wherein the lifting doors (7) on the upper and lower sides can abut against the stopper (6) to form a heat-insulating cavity; A limiter (8) mounted on the lower side of the furnace shell (1) for limiting the position of the material box (4); A shell breaking mechanism (9) is installed on the upper side of the furnace shell (1) for cutting off the inner shell surface of the material box (4); the shell breaking mechanism (9) includes a third telescopic rod (49) arranged on the top of the furnace shell (1); the cylinder of the third telescopic rod (49) is connected to the guide seat (50); the guide seat (50) is slidably connected to the guide rod (51); the lower end of the guide rod (51) is connected to the first U-shaped seat (52); the horizontal section of the first U-shaped seat (52) is slidably connected to the second U-shaped seat (53); the second U-shaped seat (53) has a side wing (54) and is connected to the first spring (55); the free end of the first spring (55) is connected to the first U-shaped seat (52); the lower end of the second U-shaped seat (53) is connected to the supporting plate (56); the bottom surface of the supporting plate (56) is connected to the cross cutting plate (57) adapted to the material box (4).

2. The electrically heated roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace shell (1) includes a furnace base (11) fixed to the ground by anchor bolts, a lower furnace body (12) is installed on the furnace base (11), the lower furnace body (12) is composed of a first U-shaped steel frame (13) connected to the inner side of the first steel plate (14) to form a groove structure, and its two side openings are connected to the second steel plate (15) with a feeding port; the top surface of the lower furnace body (12) is connected to a support column (16), the inner side surface of the support column (16) is connected to a strip-shaped third steel plate (17) for installing a roller conveyor mechanism (3), and the upper furnace body (18) is connected to the support column (16), the upper furnace body (18) is composed of an inverted second U-shaped steel frame (19) connected to the inner side of the first steel plate (14) to form a groove structure, and its two side openings are connected to the second steel plate (15) with a feeding port, the lower furnace body (12) is provided with an air intake pipe (20), and the upper furnace body (18) is provided with an exhaust pipe (21).

3. The electrically heated roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace (2) includes lightweight mullite bricks (22) built on the bottom, diatomaceous earth bricks (23) built on the side walls, and thermal insulation carbon felt (24) laid on the top. High-aluminum refractory bricks (25) are built on the lightweight mullite bricks (22). The high-aluminum refractory bricks (25) at the bottom and top are arc-shaped. A plurality of high-aluminum refractory bricks (25) form a square channel for passing the material box (4). The inner wall of the square channel is connected to a reflector (26); the gap between the arc-shaped high-aluminum refractory bricks (25) and the flat high-aluminum refractory bricks (25) is filled with refractory fibers (27); three layers of strip high-aluminum bricks (28) are built in the lateral high-aluminum refractory bricks (25); heating elements (5) are installed in the shaft holes (29) of the upper and lower strip high-aluminum bricks (28), and a roller conveying mechanism (3) is installed in the shaft hole (29) of the middle layer.

4. The electrically heated roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roller conveying mechanism (3) includes a hollow shaft roller (30) with a ceramic coating on its surface, the shaft roller (30) is gap-matched with the shaft hole (29) of the middle layer, and a ceramic fiber felt is installed in the gap; both ends of the shaft roller (30) are connected to the shaft head (31), the shaft head (31) is rotatably connected to the first bearing seat (32), the first bearing seat (32) is connected to the support plate (33), and the support plate (33) is connected to the furnace shell (1); one side of the shaft head (31) is connected to the worm gear (34), the worm gear (34) engages with the worm (35), the worm (35) is rotatably connected to the second bearing seat (36), the second bearing seat (36) is connected to the support (37), the support (37) is connected to the support plate (33), and the worm (35) is driven by the first motor (38).

5. The electrically heated roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stoppers (6) are located between adjacent rollers (30) and are two in number. The stoppers (6) include a baffle (39) whose height is less than the diameter of the roller (30). The baffle (39) is connected to a first embedded piece (40) embedded between high-alumina refractory bricks (25) at its upper and lower sides.

6. The electrically heated roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four lifting doors (7), and two groups are symmetrically arranged in an upper and lower direction. The lifting doors (7) include an L-shaped plate (41) that matches the gap of the accommodating cavity. The vertical section of the L-shaped plate (41) is used to squeeze the baffle (39), and the horizontal section is connected to the first telescopic rod (42) and connected to the furnace shell (1); the horizontal section of the L-shaped plate (41) is installed with a first slider (43), and the first slider (43) is slidably connected to the first slide rail (44). The first slide rail (44) is connected to the furnace shell (1) and a gap is left between the first slide rails (44) relative to each other; the vertical section of the L-shaped plate (41) is connected to the flange (45), and the flange (45) is built with high-aluminum refractory bricks (25) that surround the heat-insulating cavity, and the middle of the high-aluminum refractory bricks (25) has a hole for the shell breaking mechanism (9) to pass through.

7. The electrically heated roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiter (8) includes a second telescopic rod (46) provided at the bottom of the furnace shell (1), the piston end of the second telescopic rod (46) is connected to the first foot seat (47), and a stop bar (48) for limiting the position of the material box (4) is installed on the first foot seat (47), so that the material box (4) stops below the shell breaking mechanism (9).

8. The electrically heated roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting plate (57) is provided with a through slot (58) and a vertical slot (59) connected thereto. A tubular housing (60) flush with the bottom surface of the cutting plate (57) is installed on the vertical slot (59). The top surface of the housing (60) is connected to the top cover (61). The top cover (61) is rotatably connected to a short shaft (62). The short shaft (62) located outside the top cover (61) is connected to a lever (63) located in the through slot (58). The lower end of the short shaft (62) is connected to a cam (64). The side wall of the cam (64) has a spiral groove. The bottom surface is connected to a second spring (65). The free end of the second spring (65) is connected to a pressure cap (66) that is slidably adapted to the housing (60). The side wall of the pressure cap (66) is connected to a guide column (67) that is adapted to the spiral groove. The housing (60) is provided with a guide groove (68) for the limited guide column (67) to slide up and down.

9. The electrically heated roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate according to claim 1, characterized in that: Side rods (69) are installed on the furnace shell (1), the side rods (69) are connected to a rectangular frame (70), and the rectangular frame (70) is connected to a mesh plate (71) for covering the heating element (5) outside the furnace shell (1).

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