Efficient micro-channel heat exchange method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of micro-channel heat exchange, and particularly discloses an efficient micro-channel heat exchange method and application thereof.The efficient micro-channel heat exchange method comprises the steps that an embedded sensor system is used for monitoring the flow speed, temperature, pressure and flow data of fluid in real time, and fluid state information is obtained in real time; the fluid state information is fluid flow velocity, temperature, pressure and flow data acquired based on an embedded sensor; on the basis of real-time fluid state information, the flow velocity, flow direction and temperature of the fluid or the concentration of the nanofluid are adjusted through big data analysis and an artificial intelligence algorithm; the flow velocity, temperature, pressure and other parameters of the fluid are monitored in real time, big data analysis and an artificial intelligence algorithm are combined, the flow state of the fluid is accurately adjusted, the phenomena of uneven flow and stagnation flow are reduced, and therefore the overall heat exchange efficiency is improved. Besides, by optimizing the thermal conductivity, the hydrophilic-hydrophobic property and the surface roughness of the coating on the surface of the micro-channel and applying a nano material, the heat exchange capacity between the fluid and the wall of the micro-channel is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of microchannel heat exchange, and particularly relates to an efficient microchannel heat exchange method and its application. Background Art

[0002] Microchannel heat exchangers are widely used in the field of high-efficiency heat exchange due to their high specific surface area. However, with the continuous optimization of heat exchanger design, the size of microchannels has been continuously reduced, which has also brought new problems, especially the problem of uneven fluid flow distribution. In the narrow space of microchannels, the flow of fluid is affected by various factors, such as flow velocity, viscosity, and channel shape, resulting in uneven fluid flow and then causing local stagnant flow phenomena. The stagnant flow phenomenon not only affects the heat exchange efficiency but also may cause problems such as system overheating or inefficient operation.

[0003] The non-uniformity of fluid flow in microchannels is manifested as lower flow velocities or even complete stagnation in some areas, while higher flow velocities in other areas. This velocity difference will cause the heat transfer capacity in some areas to decline, thus affecting the heat exchange effect of the entire heat exchanger. The stagnant flow area cannot fully take away heat, resulting in local overheating and forming a temperature difference, which not only reduces the heat exchange efficiency but also may cause thermal stress of materials, affecting the long-term stability and reliability of the system. In addition, the channel corners and structural design in microchannels are important factors for the occurrence of stagnant flow phenomena. Due to improper channel design, the fluid may experience flow disorder or stagnation at the corners, making the heat transfer effect in some areas worse. And these problems are difficult to solve by simply adjusting fluid dynamics in traditional heat exchanger designs.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose an efficient microchannel heat exchange method and its application to solve the problems of uneven fluid flow and stagnant flow phenomena in microchannels existing in the prior art.

[0005] The above information disclosed in this background art is only used to increase the understanding of the background art of the present invention. Therefore, it may include prior art that is not known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an efficient microchannel heat exchange method and its application to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] An efficient microchannel heat exchange method, comprising:

[0009] Use an embedded sensor system to monitor the flow rate, temperature, pressure, and flow data of the fluid in real time, and obtain the fluid state information in real time. The fluid state information is the flow rate, temperature, pressure, and flow data of the fluid obtained based on the embedded sensor;

[0010] Based on the real-time fluid state information, adjust the flow rate, flow direction, temperature, or nanofluid concentration of the fluid through big data analysis and artificial intelligence algorithms;

[0011] Adjust the thermal conductivity, hydrophilicity, and surface roughness of the microchannel surface coating according to the fluid state information;

[0012] During the heat exchange process, combine the real-time fluid state information and use the thermoelectric effect or phase change material to collect and recycle the excess heat for maintaining the thermal balance of the entire heat exchange system;

[0013] According to the heat load and fluid characteristics, dynamically adjust the structural parameters of the microchannel through the integrated thermal management control system;

[0014] Monitor the temperature change of the entire heat exchange system in real time through the integrated temperature sensor network, adjust the heat exchange mode according to the heat load, and dynamically adjust the working environment through the thermodynamic optimization device.

[0015] Preferably, the use of the embedded sensor system to monitor the flow rate, temperature, pressure, and flow data of the fluid in real time includes:

[0016] Use a fluid dynamics model to describe the flow behavior of the fluid in the microchannel:

[0017]

[0018] where u is the fluid velocity, p is the fluid pressure, ρ is the fluid density, and v is the kinematic viscosity of the fluid;

[0019] Use the following heat conduction formula to describe the heat transfer process in the microchannel:

[0020]

[0021] where q is the heat flux density and k is the thermal conductivity of the material, is the temperature gradient.

[0022] Preferably, the steps of adjusting the microchannel surface coating include:

[0023] Use a coating material that adjusts the surface thermal conductivity and hydrophilicity of the microchannel according to the environmental temperature or fluid characteristics change;

[0024] Design a multi-layer surface coating in combination with different fluid characteristics to optimize the heat exchange efficiency between the fluid and the microchannel wall.

[0025] Preferably, the step of adjusting the surface coating of the microchannel further includes:

[0026] Optimizing the thermal conductivity of the microchannel surface using nanomaterials containing carbon nanotubes, graphene materials, or metal nanoparticles;

[0027] Using a fluoride coating as a superhydrophobic material and alumina as a superhydrophilic material to optimize the wettability and heat conduction effect of the fluid in the microchannel;

[0028] Designing a surface microstructure with micron-scale or nanoscale roughness to optimize the turbulence of the fluid in the microchannel.

[0029] Preferably, the step of dynamically adjusting the structural parameters of the microchannel includes:

[0030] Optimizing the thermal conductivity of the fluid by adjusting the type and concentration of nanoparticles;

[0031] Introducing a thermal conductivity model of nanofluids to describe the effect of nanoparticle concentration on fluid thermal conductivity:

[0032]

[0033] where k nf is the thermal conductivity of the nanofluid, k 0 is the thermal conductivity of the base fluid, k s is the thermal conductivity of the nanoparticles, and φ is the nanoparticle volume fraction;

[0034] Mixing different types of fluids in an optimal ratio according to the heat load demand;

[0035] Utilizing a multi-stage microchannel design to significantly improve the heat exchange capacity without increasing the volume of the entire heat exchange system;

[0036] Adjusting the heat cycle mode of the entire heat exchange system according to real-time demands and operating conditions changes, including heat exchange efficiency mode and energy-saving mode.

[0037] Preferably, the step of collecting and recycling excess heat using the thermoelectric effect or phase change materials includes:

[0038] Utilizing the property of thermoelectric materials to generate electric energy under a temperature difference, and using the following formula to collect waste heat and convert it into electric energy during the heat exchange process;

[0039] V = α(T 1 - T 2 )

[0040] where α is the Seebeck coefficient of the thermoelectric material, and T 1 and T 2 are the temperatures at both ends of the thermoelectric material;

[0041] The phase change material is used to store and release heat during the heat exchange process for regulating the temperature fluctuation in the microchannel;

[0042] Use the phase change heat model to describe the heat absorption or release during the phase change process:

[0043] Q = m·L f

[0044] In the formula, Q is the heat absorbed or released by the phase change material, m is the mass of the phase change material, and L f is the latent heat of phase change.

[0045] Preferably, the structural parameters of the dynamic adjustment of the microchannel include adjusting the type and concentration of nanoparticles, mixing different types of fluids, using a multi-stage microchannel design, and adjusting the heat cycle mode.

[0046] Preferably, the method further includes:

[0047] During the heat exchange process, the collected waste heat is converted into electric energy through the integrated thermoelectric power generation device for power supply or energy storage;

[0048] Based on big data analysis, predict the potential faults or maintenance requirements of the microchannel during the heat exchange process, and make adjustments or repairs in advance.

[0049] An application of an efficient microchannel heat exchange method as described in any one of the above in the heat dissipation of electronic devices, new energy vehicles, industrial heat exchange, air conditioners, and refrigeration systems.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0051] By real-time monitoring parameters such as the flow rate, temperature, and pressure of the fluid, and combining big data analysis and artificial intelligence algorithms, the present invention precisely adjusts the flow state of the fluid, reduces the flow non-uniformity and stagnation phenomena, thereby improving the overall heat exchange efficiency. In addition, by optimizing the thermal conductivity, hydrophilicity / hydrophobicity, and surface roughness of the microchannel surface coating, and applying nanomaterials, the heat exchange ability between the fluid and the microchannel wall is enhanced, effectively improving the problem of insufficient heat transfer in the traditional microchannel design.

[0052] The present invention also recovers the excess heat by adopting the thermoelectric effect and phase change materials to regulate the heat balance of the heat exchange system, avoiding local overheating and stagnation phenomena, ensuring the uniformity of fluid flow and the stability of heat exchange. In addition, the integrated thermal management control system can dynamically adjust the structural parameters of the microchannel according to different heat load requirements, optimize the heat exchange mode, improve the thermal management ability and reduce energy waste. Description of the Drawings

[0053] Figure 1Flow chart of the high-efficiency microchannel heat exchange method of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0054] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0055] Embodiment 1:

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, a high-efficiency microchannel heat exchange method includes:

[0057] Using an embedded sensor system to real-time monitor the flow rate, temperature, pressure and flow data of the fluid, and real-time obtain the fluid state information, where the fluid state information is the flow rate, temperature, pressure and flow data of the fluid obtained based on the embedded sensor;

[0058] Using a fluid dynamics model to describe the flow behavior of the fluid in the microchannel;

[0059] Using the following heat conduction formula to describe the heat transfer process in the microchannel;

[0060] Furthermore, using an embedded sensor system to real-time monitor the flow rate, temperature, pressure and flow data of the fluid can accurately obtain the fluid state information, and describe the flow behavior in the microchannel through a fluid dynamics model, further optimizing the heat transfer process. This method effectively improves the heat exchange efficiency, avoids non-uniform flow and stagnant flow phenomena, enhances the heat management ability, ensures the stable operation of the system, reduces energy waste, and improves the reliability and service life of the equipment.

[0061] Based on the real-time fluid state information, adjusting the flow rate, flow direction, temperature or nanofluid concentration of the fluid through big data analysis and artificial intelligence algorithms;

[0062] Adjusting the thermal conductivity, hydrophilicity and surface roughness of the microchannel surface coating according to the fluid state information;

[0063] Using a coating material that adjusts the surface thermal conductivity and hydrophilicity of the microchannel according to the environmental temperature or fluid characteristics change;

[0064] Designing a multi-layer surface coating in combination with different fluid characteristics to optimize the heat exchange efficiency between the fluid and the microchannel wall;

[0065] Using nanomaterials containing carbon nanotubes, graphene materials or metal nanoparticles to optimize the thermal conductivity of the microchannel surface;

[0066] Use a fluoride coating as a superhydrophobic material and alumina as a superhydrophilic material to optimize the wettability and heat conduction effect of the fluid in the microchannel;

[0067] Design a surface microstructure with micron - scale or nano - scale roughness to optimize the turbulence of the fluid in the microchannel;

[0068] Furthermore, by adjusting the flow rate, flow direction, temperature or nanofluid concentration of the fluid, as well as the thermal conductivity, hydrophilicity / hydrophobicity and roughness of the microchannel surface coating, based on big data analysis and artificial intelligence algorithms of real - time fluid state information, the heat exchange process can be optimized and the heat conduction efficiency between the fluid and the microchannel wall can be improved. The use of nanomaterials and multi - level surface coating design can effectively enhance the thermal conductivity, optimize the wettability, and enhance the turbulence, thus significantly improving the heat exchange performance, reducing energy waste, and enhancing the stability and reliability of the system.

[0069] During the heat exchange process, combined with real - time fluid state information, use the thermoelectric effect or phase - change materials to collect and recycle excess heat for maintaining the thermal balance of the entire heat exchange system;

[0070] Utilize the property of thermoelectric materials to generate electric energy under a temperature difference, and use the following formula to collect waste heat and convert it into electric energy during the heat exchange process;

[0071] V=α(T 1 -T 2 )

[0072] Where α is the Seebeck coefficient of the thermoelectric material, and T 1 and T 2 are the temperatures at both ends of the thermoelectric material;

[0073] Utilize phase - change materials to store and release heat during the heat exchange process for regulating the temperature fluctuation in the microchannel;

[0074] Use the phase - change heat model to describe the heat absorption or release during the phase - change process;

[0075] Furthermore, during the heat exchange process, adopting the thermoelectric effect and phase - change materials to recycle excess heat can not only maintain the thermal balance of the heat exchange system, but also convert waste heat into electric energy to achieve the recovery and reuse of energy. At the same time, using phase - change materials to store and release heat can effectively regulate the temperature fluctuation in the microchannel and enhance the temperature stability of the system. Through the application of these technologies, not only the energy efficiency is improved, but also the thermal management is optimized, energy waste is reduced, and the overall performance and sustainability of the system are enhanced.

[0076] Dynamically adjust the structural parameters of the microchannel through an integrated thermal management control system according to the heat load and fluid characteristics, including adjusting the types and concentrations of nanoparticles, mixing different types of fluids, using a multi-stage microchannel design, and adjusting the heat cycle mode;

[0077] Optimize the thermal conductivity of the fluid by adjusting the types and concentrations of nanoparticles;

[0078] Introduce a thermal conductivity model of nanofluids to describe the influence of the concentration of nanoparticles on the thermal conductivity of the fluid;

[0079] Mix different types of fluids in the optimal ratio according to the heat load requirements;

[0080] Utilize a multi-stage microchannel design to significantly improve the heat exchange capacity without increasing the volume of the entire heat exchange system;

[0081] Adjust the heat cycle mode of the entire heat exchange system according to real-time requirements and changes in working conditions, including heat exchange efficiency mode and energy-saving mode;

[0082] Furthermore, by dynamically adjusting the microchannel structural parameters through an integrated thermal management control system, such as adjusting the types and concentrations of nanoparticles, optimizing the fluid mixing ratio, adopting a multi-stage microchannel design, and adjusting the heat cycle mode, the performance of the heat exchange system can be significantly improved. Optimizing the thermal conductivity of nanofluids and the fluid mixing ratio helps to increase the thermal conductivity and heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, the multi-stage microchannel design significantly improves the heat exchange capacity without increasing the system volume. In addition, flexibly adjusting the heat cycle mode enables the system to automatically switch between energy-saving or high-efficiency modes according to real-time requirements and changes in working conditions, thereby achieving higher energy efficiency, thermal stability, and system reliability.

[0083] Real-time monitor the temperature changes of the entire heat exchange system through an integrated temperature sensor network, adjust the heat exchange mode according to the heat load, and dynamically adjust the working environment through a thermodynamics optimization device.

[0084] Convert the collected waste heat into electrical energy during the heat exchange process through an integrated thermoelectric power generation device for power supply or energy storage;

[0085] Based on big data analysis, predict and finely tune potential faults or maintenance requirements in the microchannel during the heat exchange process, and make adjustments or repairs in advance.

[0086] Furthermore, by integrating a temperature sensor network to monitor the system temperature changes in real time and dynamically adjusting the heat exchange mode and working environment according to the heat load, the heat exchange process can be effectively optimized, and the system efficiency can be improved. The thermoelectric power generation device converts waste heat into electrical energy to achieve energy recovery and storage, further enhancing the energy efficiency of the system. At the same time, based on big data analysis, potential faults or maintenance requirements are predicted, and adjustments or repairs are made in advance to ensure the stable operation of the system, reduce downtime and lower maintenance costs, thereby enhancing the reliability and sustainability of the system.

[0087] An application of an efficient microchannel heat exchange method as described in any one of the above in the heat dissipation of electronic devices, new energy vehicles, industrial heat exchange, air conditioners, and refrigeration systems.

[0088] Example 2:

[0089] Application Example 1: Application of the efficient microchannel heat exchange method in the heat dissipation of electronic devices

[0090] In the field of heat dissipation of electronic devices, with the continuous miniaturization and high performance of electronic devices, the heat dissipation problem has become increasingly prominent. Traditional heat dissipation methods are difficult to meet the requirements of high-power density devices. Therefore, adopting an efficient microchannel heat exchange method can effectively solve this challenge.

[0091] In an electronic device, an embedded sensor system is used to monitor the flow rate, temperature, pressure, and flow rate data of the fluid in real time. These sensors are distributed at key positions in the microchannel and can collect the state information of the heat dissipation liquid (such as nanofluid) in the microchannel in real time. Based on the obtained real-time data, the fluid dynamics model is used to calculate the flow state of the fluid in the microchannel, and the fluid flow rate, flow direction, and temperature are adjusted according to this information to optimize the heat exchange process.

[0092] Based on real-time data such as temperature and flow rate, big data analysis and artificial intelligence algorithms are used to optimize the flow rate, flow direction, and fluid concentration of the fluid. For example, an appropriate concentration of nanomaterials (such as carbon nanotubes or graphene) is added to the fluid to enhance the thermal conductivity of the fluid. By adjusting the hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, and surface roughness of the microchannel surface coating, the heat exchange efficiency is improved. In addition, the surface design of the microchannel is automatically adjusted according to the heat load to ensure that the device always maintains the best heat dissipation state.

[0093] During the efficient heat exchange process, waste heat is recovered through the thermoelectric effect or phase change materials and converted into electrical energy for power supply or storage. Through the thermal management characteristics of the phase change materials, the temperature fluctuations in the microchannel are regulated to maintain a stable working environment for the device. The thermoelectric materials convert the temperature difference into electrical energy, which can provide auxiliary energy for other parts of the system and further enhance the overall energy efficiency.

[0094] The overall temperature change of the device is monitored in real time through an integrated temperature sensor network, and the heat exchange mode is adjusted according to the actual temperature and heat load demand. If the device has a high working load, the heat exchange system will automatically switch to an efficient heat dissipation mode to enhance the microchannel heat exchange capacity; when the load is low, the heat exchange system will switch to an energy-saving mode to reduce energy consumption and extend the service life of the device. Through the integrated thermal management control system, not only can the heat dissipation performance of electronic devices be improved, but also potential faults or maintenance requirements can be predicted to ensure the stable operation of the heat exchange system and reduce maintenance costs.

[0095] Application effect:

[0096] Electronic devices adopting this efficient microchannel heat exchange method can effectively avoid overheating problems, improve the working stability and processing capacity of the devices, and extend the service life of the devices. At the same time, through waste heat recovery and energy self-sufficiency, the overall energy efficiency is improved and the operation cost is reduced. It has particularly broad application prospects in the heat dissipation of electronic products, semiconductor devices, computer processors, and high-power electronic devices.

[0097] Application Example 2: Application of High-Efficiency Microchannel Heat Exchange Technology in Industrial Heat Exchange Systems

[0098] In the field of industrial heat exchange, especially in heat management in high-temperature and high-pressure environments such as petrochemical, metallurgical, and power industries, traditional heat exchange methods often face severe challenges due to their large volume, low heat exchange efficiency, and high energy consumption. Based on microchannel heat exchange technology, it can provide high-efficiency heat exchange capabilities under limited space conditions, which is an ideal solution to solve these problems.

[0099] In an industrial heat exchange system, a microchannel heat exchanger realizes efficient heat exchange through a compact microchannel design. The system consists of multiple layers of microchannel plates, and different working fluids flow in each layer of microchannels. These fluids conduct direct heat exchange with the heat source. The microchannel design can be customized according to different working media (such as water, oil, air, or other process fluids) to ensure that the fluids can be evenly distributed in the microchannels and fully contact the heat source, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0100] To adapt to the high-temperature and high-pressure industrial environment, special coatings or high-thermal-conductivity materials (such as copper, aluminum, graphene, etc.) are used on the microchannel surface to further improve the heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, combined with fluid dynamics simulation and optimization algorithms, the flow characteristics and temperature changes of fluids under different working conditions are accurately calculated, and the flow rate and flow volume are adjusted accordingly to ensure the stable and efficient heat exchange process. By precisely controlling the flow of fluids in the microchannels, the heat transfer is maximized.

[0101] The microchannel heat exchanger is equipped with an intelligent monitoring and adaptive control system, which can monitor parameters such as fluid temperature, pressure, flow rate, and heat exchange efficiency in real time. Once it detects that the operating environment of the device deviates from the normal range, the system will automatically adjust the flow rate, pressure, or switch the operating mode (such as switching from the conventional heat exchange mode to the high-efficiency mode) to cope with temperature fluctuations or load changes, ensuring the efficient operation of the heat exchange system.

[0102] In industrial applications, waste heat recovery is the key to improving overall energy efficiency. Through the high-efficiency heat exchange performance of the microchannel heat exchanger, waste heat from high-temperature process fluids can be recovered and converted into low-grade energy for use by other systems, reducing energy consumption. The recovered energy can not only be used to drive hot water systems, air heating, or steam generation, but also be converted into electrical energy for use by other equipment in the factory, thus realizing energy optimization and recycling in industrial production.

[0103] This microchannel heat transfer technology is particularly suitable for industrial heat exchange conditions with high temperature and high pressure. For example, in the petroleum refining process, equipment such as crude oil heaters and gas heat exchangers often need to operate in high-temperature environments. The microchannel heat exchanger has extremely high temperature resistance and pressure resistance, can effectively withstand the heat load under these extreme conditions, and ensure stable heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, due to the compact microchannel design, the heat exchanger has a small volume and is not easily affected by temperature gradient changes, making it suitable for various extreme conditions.

[0104] Application effect:

[0105] The industrial heat exchange system applying this high-efficiency microchannel heat transfer technology greatly improves the heat exchange efficiency, significantly saves energy, and reduces operating costs. The introduction of the waste heat recovery system not only reduces the dependence on external energy, but also improves the energy efficiency of the overall production system. Especially in industrial environments that require long-term stable operation and complex working conditions, this technology has great application potential and economic benefits.

[0106] Example 3:

[0107] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a program of an efficient microchannel heat transfer method as described in any one of the above is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, it realizes each process of the heat transfer method embodiment described above and can achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, it will not be elaborated here. Among them, the computer-readable storage medium is, for example, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disc, etc.

[0108] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples", etc., mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0109] In the drawings of the disclosed embodiments of the present invention, only the structures related to the disclosed embodiments of the present invention are involved, and other structures can refer to the general design. Without conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0110] The flowcharts shown in the drawings are only illustrative examples and do not necessarily include all the content and operations / steps, nor do they necessarily need to be executed in the described order. For example, some operations / steps can also be decomposed, combined, or partially merged, so the actual execution order may change according to the actual situation.

[0111] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency microchannel heat exchange method, characterized in that: include: Using an embedded sensor system to monitor the flow rate, temperature, pressure and flow data of the fluid in real time, and obtain the fluid state information in real time, wherein the fluid state information is the flow rate, temperature, pressure and flow data of the fluid obtained based on the embedded sensor; Based on the real-time fluid state information, the flow rate, flow direction, temperature or nanofluid concentration of the fluid is adjusted through big data analysis and artificial intelligence algorithms; Adjusting the thermal conductivity, hydrophilicity and surface roughness of the microchannel surface coating according to the fluid state information; During the heat exchange process, the excess heat is collected and recovered using thermoelectric effect or phase change materials in combination with the real-time fluid state information to maintain the thermal balance of the entire heat exchange system; Dynamically adjust the microchannel structural parameters according to the heat load and fluid characteristics through an integrated thermal management control system; The temperature changes of the entire heat exchange system are monitored in real time through an integrated temperature sensor network, the heat exchange mode is adjusted according to the heat load, and the working environment is dynamically adjusted through a thermodynamic optimization device.

2. A high-efficiency microchannel heat exchange method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time acquisition of fluid state information includes: Use fluid dynamics models to describe the flow behavior of fluids in microchannels: Where u is the fluid velocity, p is the fluid pressure, ρ is the fluid density, and v is the kinematic viscosity of the fluid; The heat transfer process in the microchannel is described using the following heat conduction equation: In the formula, q is the heat flux density, k is the thermal conductivity of the material, is the temperature gradient.

3. The high-efficiency microchannel heat exchange method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of adjusting the microchannel surface coating comprises: Using coating materials that adjust the surface thermal conductivity and hydrophilicity of microchannels according to changes in ambient temperature or fluid properties; Multi-layer surface coatings are designed based on different fluid characteristics to optimize the heat exchange efficiency between the fluid and the microchannel wall.

4. A high-efficiency microchannel heat exchange method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of adjusting the microchannel surface coating further comprises: Optimizing the thermal conductivity of microchannel surfaces using nanomaterials containing carbon nanotubes, graphene materials, or metal nanoparticles; Using fluoride coating as super hydrophobic material and aluminum oxide as super hydrophilic material to optimize the wettability and thermal conductivity of fluids in microchannels; Design surface microstructures with micrometer- or nanometer-scale roughness to optimize the turbulence of the fluid in the microchannel.

5. A high-efficiency microchannel heat exchange method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of dynamically adjusting the structural parameters of the microchannel comprises: Optimizing the thermal conductivity of the fluid by adjusting the type and concentration of nanoparticles; The thermal conductivity model of nanofluids is introduced to describe the effect of nanoparticle concentration on the thermal conductivity of the fluid: In the formula, k nf is the thermal conductivity of the nanofluid, k0 is the thermal conductivity of the base fluid, k s is the thermal conductivity of the nanoparticles, φ is the volume fraction of the nanoparticles; Mix different types of fluids in optimal proportions according to heat load requirements; The multi-stage microchannel design can significantly improve the heat exchange capacity without increasing the volume of the entire heat exchange system; Adjust the thermal cycle mode of the entire heat exchange system according to real-time demand and changes in operating conditions, including heat exchange efficiency mode and energy-saving mode.

6. A high-efficiency microchannel heat exchange method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steps of collecting and recovering excess heat using thermoelectric effect or phase change material include: Using the property of thermoelectric materials to generate electricity under temperature difference, waste heat is collected during the heat exchange process and converted into electricity using the following formula; V=α(T1-T2) Where α is the Seebeck coefficient of the thermoelectric material, T1 and T2 are the temperatures at both ends of the thermoelectric material; Phase change materials are used to store and release heat during heat exchange to regulate temperature fluctuations in microchannels; Use the phase change heat model to describe the heat absorption or release during the phase change process: Q=m·L f Where Q is the heat absorbed or released by the phase change material, m is the mass of the phase change material, and L is f is the latent heat of phase change.

7. A high-efficiency microchannel heat exchange method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dynamic adjustment of the structural parameters of the microchannel includes adjusting the type and concentration of nanoparticles, mixing different types of fluids, utilizing a multi-stage microchannel design, and adjusting a thermal cycle mode.

8. The high-efficiency microchannel heat exchange method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method further comprises: The collected waste heat is converted into electrical energy during the heat exchange process through an integrated thermal power generation device for power supply or energy storage; Based on big data analysis, potential failures or maintenance needs of the fine-tuning channel during the heat exchange process can be predicted, and adjustments or repairs can be made in advance.

9. Application of a high-efficiency microchannel heat exchange method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in electronic equipment heat dissipation, new energy vehicles, industrial heat exchange, air conditioning and refrigeration systems.

Images