Pressure transmission device for plateau permafrost pressure measurement

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pressure transmission device for plateau permafrost pressure measurement, which relates to the technical field of pressure measurement devices. To solve the problem that when the optical fiber sensor is placed in the cable duct box, if the cable duct box is not well sealed during rain, rainwater will seep into the cable duct box, and the cladding and coating layer of the optical fiber will undergo hydrolysis reaction due to long-term contact with water, resulting in material aging or performance degradation, and water vapor will condense on the surface of the optical fiber to form tiny water droplets or ice crystals, causing light scattering or absorption loss. The cable duct box of the optical fiber pressure sensor includes a main cable duct box and a branch cable duct box, and the adjacent main cable duct boxes are connected by snap connection. A plurality of optical fiber pressure sensors are arranged inside the cable duct box of the optical fiber pressure sensor. An outer housing is arranged at the outer end of the main cable duct box, and an inner housing is arranged at the inner end of the main cable duct box. An inner connection end inside the inner housing is arranged at one end of the inner housing, and an outer connection end outside the inner housing is arranged at the other end of the inner housing. The inner connection end inside the inner housing is hermetically connected to the outer connection end outside the inner housing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pressure measurement devices, especially a pressure transmission device for measuring the pressure of plateau frozen soil. Background Art

[0002] Alpine frozen soil refers to the soil formed under the alpine frigid zone moraine lichen and scree vegetation on the plateau. It is distributed in the modern ice margin areas of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Xinjiang in China. It has the youngest soil formation age, weak biological and chemical weathering effects, strong frost weathering effects, well-developed stone flows, stone seas, and talus cones, and the soil cover is not continuous. The pressure transmission device for measuring the pressure of plateau frozen soil is a device specifically designed to accurately measure the soil pressure in the plateau frozen soil environment. Such devices usually need to consider the special properties of plateau frozen soil, such as low temperature, frost heave, thaw settlement, etc., to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results. The special mechanical properties of frozen soil make it show complex mechanical behaviors under the action of loads, which may cause engineering diseases. When the water in frozen soil freezes, its volume expands and generates frost heave force. If not effectively controlled, it may lead to engineering accidents such as roadbed uplift, pipeline rupture, and building cracking. After the frozen soil melts, its strength drops sharply, and insufficient bearing capacity may cause settlement and collapse. The device needs to work normally in a low-temperature environment of -20°C to -40°C, and the materials and structure need to have frost resistance. It can accurately measure tiny pressure changes to meet the needs of scientific research and engineering. It can maintain the measurement accuracy during long-term use and reduce the influence of environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. It can prevent the influence of external electromagnetic interference and mechanical vibration on the measurement results.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN211234788U discloses an oil cavity type pressure transmission device for measuring the pressure of frozen soil, belonging to the technical field of geotechnical tests. The oil cavity type pressure transmission device for measuring the pressure of frozen soil includes a test mechanism and a pressure transmission mechanism. The test mechanism includes a test chamber, a cover plate, and a wet soil sample. The cover plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the test chamber, and the wet soil sample is filled in the inner cavity of the test chamber. Through the action of a pressure sensor, a butterfly oil cavity, hydraulic oil, an exhaust screw, an O-ring, a wet soil sample, a test chamber, a partition plate, and a display screen, the utility model achieves the purpose of being able to sensitively sense the pressure in the frozen soil and eliminating the influence of the soil arch effect on the measurement of soil pressure, improving the problem that the size of the oil cavity type pressure sensor is relatively large, suitable for field use, and when applied to indoor small model tests, the amount of the test sample is large and it is not easy to keep the laboratory clean. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a small-sized, sensitive, and accurate measurement device to study the pressure transmission law in frozen soil.

[0004] The existing technical solutions mentioned above have the following defects: The fiber optic sensor is placed in the cable duct. When it rains and the cable duct is not well sealed, rainwater will seep into the cable duct. The cladding and coating of the optical fiber will undergo hydrolysis reactions due to long-term contact with water, resulting in material aging or performance degradation. Water vapor will condense on the surface of the optical fiber, forming tiny water droplets or ice crystals, causing light scattering or absorption loss. Therefore, we propose a pressure transmission device for measuring the pressure of plateau permafrost to solve the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pressure transmission device for measuring the pressure of plateau permafrost to solve the problem that in the background technology mentioned above, when the fiber optic sensor is placed in the cable duct and the cable duct is not well sealed during rain, rainwater will seep into the cable duct, and the cladding and coating of the optical fiber will undergo hydrolysis reactions due to long-term contact with water, resulting in material aging or performance degradation. Water vapor will condense on the surface of the optical fiber, forming tiny water droplets or ice crystals, causing light scattering or absorption loss.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A pressure transmission device for measuring the pressure of plateau permafrost, including an optical fiber demodulator and a cable duct for optical fiber pressure sensors. The cable duct for optical fiber pressure sensors includes a main cable duct and a branch cable duct. Adjacent main cable ducts are connected by snap connection. A branch cable duct is fixedly and sealedly installed at the middle position on one side of the main cable duct. A plurality of optical fiber pressure sensors are arranged inside the cable duct for optical fiber pressure sensors. A temperature sensor is installed on one side of one optical fiber pressure sensor. An outer housing is arranged at the outer end of the main cable duct. An inner housing is arranged at the inner end of the main cable duct. An inner connection end of the inner housing is arranged at one end of the inner housing, and an outer connection end of the inner housing is arranged at the other end of the inner housing. The inner connection end of the inner housing is hermetically connected to the outer connection end of the inner housing. A water immersion sensor is arranged at the middle position at the lower end inside the inner connection end of the inner housing.

[0007] Preferably, an optical fiber pressure sensor interface is arranged on one side of the front end of the optical fiber demodulator. One end of the optical fiber pressure sensor is provided with an optical fiber pressure sensor connector, and the optical fiber pressure sensor connector is fixedly connected to the optical fiber pressure sensor interface.

[0008] Preferably, a shock absorption mechanism is installed below the optical fiber demodulator. The shock absorption mechanism includes an upper connecting plate, a lower support plate, a rubber spring pad, and a shock absorption cylinder. The upper connecting plate is located at the upper end of the shock absorption mechanism, and the lower support plate is located at the lower end of the shock absorption mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, eight rubber spring pads are respectively installed at the four corners and the central positions of the four peripheries between the upper connecting plate and the lower support plate. The upper end of the rubber spring pad is fixedly connected to the upper connecting plate, the lower end of the rubber spring pad is fixedly connected to the lower support plate, shock-absorbing cylinders are obliquely installed on both sides of the rubber spring pad, and both ends of the shock-absorbing cylinder are rotatably connected to the upper connecting plate and the lower support plate through rotating shafts respectively. The lower support plate is fixedly connected to the optical fiber demodulator fixing frame.

[0010] Preferably, the outer shell and the inner shell are fixedly connected by a plurality of equally spaced fixing rods. A first sealing strip is fixedly attached to the inner side of the outer connection end of the inner shell. Three sealing gaskets are equally spaced on one side of the outer connection end of the inner shell, and the sealing gasket is fixedly attached to the outer connection end of the inner shell. Three positioning blocks are equally spaced on the outer side of the inner connection end of the inner shell, and the positioning blocks are correspondingly located between the first sealing strip and the sealing gasket and between adjacent sealing gaskets.

[0011] Preferably, both the first sealing strip and the sealing gasket are attached to the outer wall of the inner connection end of the inner shell. The diameter of the outer connection end of the inner shell gradually increases and then remains unchanged for ten centimeters near the inner connection end of the inner shell. The diameter of the inner connection end of the inner shell gradually increases and then remains unchanged for ten centimeters near the outer connection end of the inner shell.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the outer shell is provided with an outer shell connection edge, a limit block groove is provided on the inner wall of the outer shell connection edge, and two limit blocks are provided at the other end of the outer shell. The limit blocks are correspondingly arranged with the limit block groove.

[0013] Preferably, the connection end of the outer shell is obliquely arranged. A second sealing strip is fixedly attached to the outer side of one end of the outer shell. Three third sealing strips are equally spaced on the other side of the second sealing strip, and a water blocking strip is arranged between adjacent third sealing strips.

[0014] Preferably, three third sealing strip grooves are equally spaced at the connection end of the other end of the outer shell. The third sealing strip grooves are fitted with the third sealing strips. A water blocking strip groove is opened between adjacent third sealing strip grooves. The water blocking strip groove is fitted with the water blocking strip. The connection between the second sealing strip and one end of the outer shell is hermetically sealed.

[0015] Preferably, the edge of one end of the outer connection end of the inner shell is obliquely arranged, the edge of one end of the outer shell connection edge is obliquely arranged, and one end of the outer shell connection edge covers the connection end of the outer shell.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. When the present invention is in use, the distribution box is embedded in the soil. The lower end of the distribution box needs to be embedded below the frozen soil layer. The detection end of the fiber optic pressure sensor is inserted into the distribution box to contact the soil, and the temperature sensor is embedded in the soil at the same depth. The main box is placed on the ground. The distribution box is fixedly connected to the main box, and multiple main boxes are spliced together. The two outer shells correspond to each other, and at the same time, the inner connection end inside the inner shell corresponds to the outer connection end outside the inner shell. The two main boxes are brought closer. The connection edge of the outer shell is a ductile structure. When approaching, the connection edge of the outer shell allows the limit block to enter the inside of the limit block groove through slight deformation, thereby realizing the fixed connection between the two main boxes. The sealing connection between the outer shells is achieved through the settings of the second sealing strip, the third sealing strip and the water blocking strip. When water enters, it is first blocked by the second sealing strip. A small amount of water continues to flow in and is then blocked by the third sealing strip and the water blocking strip in turn, thereby improving the sealing performance of the outer shell. Through the sandwich setting between the outer shell and the inner shell, the transmission of the external temperature to the inside of the outer shell is blocked by the barrier of air, thereby effectively protecting the fiber optic pressure sensor in the main box from being affected by temperature. When the inner connection end box inside the inner shell is spliced with the outer connection end of the inner shell, the three sealing gaskets and the first sealing strip seal the gap between the outer shell and the inner shell. Through layer-by-layer blocking, water vapor can be blocked from entering the inside of the inner shell again. The setting of the positioning block improves the sealing limit between adjacent outer shells. Due to the inclined setting of the inner connection end and the outer connection end of the inner shell, when a small amount of water enters, it will first gather here, and the gathered water will trigger the water immersion sensor, thereby prompting the staff to deal with the water ingress in the main box in time. The temperature sensor and the fiber optic pressure sensor are buried at the same depth. The temperature sensor collects the temperature of the frozen soil layer at this depth and transmits it to the fiber optic demodulator, thereby facilitating the collection of the temperature change of the frozen soil layer in this area. The interference caused by the data change of the fiber optic pressure sensor due to temperature change to pressure detection can be effectively eliminated, thereby improving the accuracy of frozen soil pressure measurement. The fiber optic pressure sensor is affected by the change of the pressure below the frozen soil layer, which affects the light transmitted inside it. At the same time, the fiber optic pressure sensor transmits the reflected light to the fiber optic demodulator, and the fiber optic demodulator demodulates the wavelength information reflected back, thereby realizing the accurate measurement and monitoring of the pressure of the frozen soil, and solving the problem that when the fiber optic sensor is placed in the cable tray and the cable tray is not well sealed when it rains, rainwater will seep into the cable tray, and the cladding and coating of the optical fiber will undergo hydrolysis reaction due to long-term contact with water, resulting in material aging or performance degradation, and water vapor will condense on the surface of the optical fiber to form tiny water droplets or ice crystals, causing light scattering or absorption loss.

[0018] 2. When the fiber optic demodulator in the present invention is affected by vibration during use, when the rubber spring pad is vibrated, the molecular chains inside it will undergo friction and internal friction, converting the vibration energy into heat energy and dissipating it. This energy conversion process can effectively reduce the vibration amplitude and frequency, thereby achieving the effect of shock absorption and noise reduction. The rubber spring pad can also isolate the vibration source from the object to be protected, preventing the vibration from being transmitted through rigid connections. The shock absorption cylinders on both sides of the rubber spring pad improve the stability on both sides of the rubber spring pad. When encountering vibration during use, the piston inside the shock absorption cylinder will move up and down accordingly. One end of the shock absorption cylinder is connected to the lower support plate, and the other end is connected to the upper connecting plate, thus realizing the reciprocating motion of the piston. The shock absorption cylinder is filled with air inside, which is the key medium for generating damping force. When the piston moves, the shock absorption cylinder will flow from one chamber to another through the small holes on the piston. The shock absorption cylinder will be subject to the frictional resistance between the hole wall and the oil molecules during the flow process, achieving the shock absorption effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the fiber optic demodulator in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is a connection relationship diagram of the fiber optic pressure sensor wire routing box and the fiber optic pressure sensor in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 is a connection relationship diagram of the bus box in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 In the present invention Figure 4 is a partial enlarged view of area A.

[0024] In the figure: 1, fiber optic demodulator; 2, fiber optic pressure sensor wire routing box; 3, bus box; 4, distribution box; 5, fiber optic pressure sensor; 6, temperature sensor; 7, fiber optic pressure sensor connector; 8, fiber optic pressure sensor interface; 9, shock absorption mechanism; 10, upper connecting plate; 11, lower support plate; 12, rubber spring pad; 13, shock absorption cylinder; 14, outer housing; 15, inner housing; 16, fixing rod; 17, water immersion sensor; 18, inner housing connection end inside; 19, inner housing connection end outside; 20, outer housing connection edge; 21, first sealing strip; 22, gasket; 23, positioning block; 24, limiting block; 25, second sealing strip; 26, third sealing strip; 27, third sealing strip groove; 28, water blocking strip; 29, water blocking strip groove; 30, limiting block groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0026] Please refer to Figures 1-5 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: a pressure transmission device for measuring the pressure of plateau frozen soil, which includes an optical fiber demodulator 1 and an optical fiber pressure sensor wiring box 2. The optical fiber pressure sensor wiring box 2 includes a main wiring box 3 and a branch wiring box 4. The adjacent main wiring boxes 3 are connected by snap connection. A branch wiring box 4 is fixedly and sealedly installed at the middle position on one side of the main wiring box 3. A plurality of optical fiber pressure sensors 5 are arranged inside the optical fiber pressure sensor wiring box 2. A temperature sensor 6 is installed on one side of an optical fiber pressure sensor 5. An outer housing 14 is arranged at the outer end of the main wiring box 3. An inner housing 15 is arranged at the inner end of the main wiring box 3. An inner housing inner connection end 18 is arranged at one end of the inner housing 15. An inner housing outer connection end 19 is arranged at the other end of the inner housing 15. The inner housing inner connection end 18 is hermetically connected to the inner housing outer connection end 19. A water immersion sensor 17 is arranged at the middle position of the lower end inside the inner housing inner connection end 18.

[0027] In use, the splitter box 4 is embedded in the soil. The lower end of the splitter box 4 needs to be embedded below the frozen soil layer. The detection end of the fiber optic pressure sensor 5 is inserted into the splitter box 4 to contact the soil, and the temperature sensor 6 is embedded in the soil at the same depth. The bus box 3 is placed on the ground. The splitter box 4 is fixedly connected to the bus box 3, and multiple bus boxes 3 are spliced together. The two outer shells 14 correspond to each other, and at the same time, the inner shell inner connection end 18 corresponds to the inner shell outer connection end 19. The two bus boxes 3 are brought closer. The outer shell connection edge 20 is a flexible structure. When approaching, the outer shell connection edge 20 allows the limit block 24 to enter the inside of the limit block groove 30 through slight deformation, thus realizing the fixed connection between the two bus boxes 3. The sealing connection between the outer shells 14 is achieved through the settings of the second sealing strip 25, the third sealing strip 26 and the water blocking strip 28. When water enters, it is first blocked by the second sealing strip 25. A small amount of water continues to flow in and is then blocked by the third sealing strip 26 and the water blocking strip 28 in sequence, thereby improving the sealing performance of the outer shell 14. Through the sandwich setting between the outer shell 14 and the inner shell 15, the transmission of the external temperature to the inside of the outer shell 14 is blocked by the barrier of air, thus effectively protecting the fiber optic pressure sensor 5 in the bus box 3 from being affected by temperature. When the inner shell inner connection end 18 and the inner shell outer connection end 19 are spliced, the three sealing gaskets 22 and the first sealing strip 21 seal the gap between the outer shell 14 and the inner shell 15. Through layer-by-layer blocking, water vapor can be blocked from entering the inside of the inner shell 15 again. The setting of the positioning block 23 improves the sealing limit between adjacent outer shells 14. Due to the inclined setting of the inner shell inner connection end 18 and the inner shell outer connection end 19, when a small amount of water enters, it will first gather here, and the gathered water will trigger the water immersion sensor 17, thereby prompting the staff to deal with the water ingress in the bus box 3 in time. The temperature sensor 6 and the fiber optic pressure sensor 5 are buried at the same depth. The temperature sensor 6 collects the temperature of the frozen soil layer at this depth and transmits it to the fiber optic demodulator 1, thus facilitating the collection of the temperature change of the frozen soil layer in this area, effectively eliminating the interference caused by the data change of the fiber optic pressure sensor 5 due to temperature change to the pressure detection, and thus improving the accuracy of frozen soil pressure measurement. The fiber optic pressure sensor 5 is affected by the change of the pressure below the frozen soil layer, which affects the light transmitted inside it. At the same time, the fiber optic pressure sensor 5 transmits the reflected light to the fiber optic demodulator 1, and the fiber optic demodulator 1 demodulates the reflected wavelength information, thereby realizing the accurate measurement and monitoring of the pressure of the frozen soil.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1-2 One side of the front end of the fiber optic demodulator 1 is provided with a fiber optic pressure sensor interface 8, and one end of the fiber optic pressure sensor 5 is provided with a fiber optic pressure sensor connector 7. The fiber optic pressure sensor connector 7 is fixedly connected to the fiber optic pressure sensor interface 8.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 2, a shock absorption mechanism 9 is installed below the optical fiber demodulator 1. The shock absorption mechanism 9 includes an upper connecting plate 10, a lower support plate 11, rubber spring pads 12 and shock absorption cylinders 13. The upper connecting plate 10 is located at the upper end of the shock absorption mechanism 9, and the lower support plate 11 is located at the lower end of the shock absorption mechanism 9. Eight rubber spring pads 12 are respectively installed at the four corners and the central positions of the four perimeters between the upper connecting plate 10 and the lower support plate 11. The upper end of the rubber spring pad 12 is fixedly connected to the upper connecting plate 10, and the lower end of the rubber spring pad 12 is fixedly connected to the lower support plate 11. Shock absorption cylinders 13 are obliquely installed on both sides of the rubber spring pad 12. Both ends of the shock absorption cylinder 13 are rotatably connected to the upper connecting plate 10 and the lower support plate 11 through rotating shafts respectively. The lower support plate 11 is fixedly connected to the optical fiber demodulator fixing frame.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 4-5 , between the outer shell 14 and the inner shell 15 are fixedly connected through a plurality of equally spaced fixing rods 16. A first sealing strip 21 is fixedly attached to the inner side of the outer connection end 19 of the inner shell. Three sealing gaskets 22 are equally spaced on one side of the outer connection end 19 of the inner shell. The sealing gasket 22 is fixedly attached to the outer connection end 19 of the inner shell. Three positioning blocks 23 are equally spaced on the outer side of the inner connection end 18 of the inner shell. The positioning blocks 23 are correspondingly located between the first sealing strip 21 and the sealing gasket 22 and between adjacent sealing gaskets 22. Both the first sealing strip 21 and the sealing gasket 22 are in contact with the outer wall of the inner connection end 18 of the inner shell. The diameter of the outer connection end 19 of the inner shell gradually increases and then remains unchanged for ten centimeters near the inner connection end 18 of the inner shell. The diameter of the inner connection end 18 of the inner shell gradually increases and then remains unchanged for ten centimeters near the outer connection end 19 of the inner shell.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 4-5 , one end of the outer shell 14 is provided with an outer shell connection edge 20. A limit block groove 30 is provided on the inner wall of the outer shell connection edge 20. Two limit blocks 24 are provided at the other end of the outer shell 14. The limit blocks 24 are correspondingly arranged with the limit block groove 30. The connection end of the outer shell 14 is obliquely arranged. A second sealing strip 25 is fixedly attached to the outer side of one end of the outer shell 14. Three third sealing strips 26 are equally spaced on the other side of the second sealing strip 25. A water blocking strip 28 is arranged between adjacent third sealing strips 26. Three third sealing strip grooves 27 are equally spaced at the connection end of the other end of the outer shell 14. The third sealing strip grooves 27 are in contact with the third sealing strips 26. A water blocking strip groove 29 is opened between adjacent third sealing strip grooves 27. The water blocking strip groove 29 is in contact with the water blocking strip 28. The connection between the second sealing strip 25 and one end of the outer shell 14 is in sealed connection. The edge of one end of the outer connection end 19 of the inner shell is obliquely arranged. The edge of one end of the outer shell connection edge 20 is obliquely arranged. One end of the outer shell connection edge 20 covers the connection end of the outer shell 14.

[0032] Working principle: When in use, the distribution box 4 is embedded in the soil. The lower end of the distribution box 4 needs to be embedded below the frozen soil layer. The detection end of the fiber optic pressure sensor 5 is inserted into the distribution box 4 to contact the soil, and the temperature sensor 6 is embedded in the soil at the same depth. The main line box 3 is placed on the ground. The distribution box 4 is fixedly connected to the main line box 3, and multiple main line boxes 3 are spliced together. The two outer shells 14 correspond to each other, and at the same time, the inner shell connection end 18 and the outer shell connection end 19 of the inner shell correspond to each other. The two main line boxes 3 are brought closer. The outer shell connection edge 20 is a ductile structure. When approaching, the outer shell connection edge 20 allows the limit block 24 to enter the inside of the limit block groove 30 through slight deformation, thereby realizing the fixed connection between the two main line boxes 3. The sealing connection between the outer shells 14 is achieved through the settings of the second sealing strip 25, the third sealing strip 26, and the water blocking strip 28. When water enters, it is first blocked by the second sealing strip 25. A small amount of water continues to flow in and is then blocked by the third sealing strip 26 and the water blocking strip 28 in sequence, thereby improving the sealing performance of the outer shell 14. Through the sandwich setting between the outer shell 14 and the inner shell 15, the transmission of external temperature to the inside of the outer shell 14 is blocked by the barrier of air, thereby effectively protecting the fiber optic pressure sensor 5 in the main line box 3 from being affected by temperature. When the inner shell connection end 18 and the outer shell connection end 19 of the inner shell are spliced, the three sealing gaskets 22 and the first sealing strip 21 seal the gap between the outer shell 14 and the inner shell 15. Through multiple layers of blocking, the entry of water vapor into the inside of the inner shell 15 can be blocked again. The setting of the positioning block 23 improves the sealing limit between adjacent outer shells 14. Due to the inclined setting of the inner shell connection end 18 and the outer shell connection end 19 of the inner shell, when a small amount of water enters, it will first accumulate here. The accumulated water will trigger the water immersion sensor 17, thereby prompting the staff to deal with the water ingress in the main line box 3 in time. The temperature sensor 6 and the fiber optic pressure sensor 5 are buried at the same depth. The temperature sensor 6 collects the temperature of the frozen soil layer at this depth and transmits it to the fiber optic demodulator 1, thereby facilitating the collection of temperature changes in the frozen soil layer in this area. The interference caused by data changes of the fiber optic pressure sensor 5 due to temperature changes to pressure detection can be effectively excluded, thereby improving the accuracy of frozen soil pressure measurement. The fiber optic pressure sensor 5 is affected by the change in pressure below the frozen soil layer, which affects the light transmitted inside it. At the same time, the fiber optic pressure sensor 5 transmits the reflected light to the fiber optic demodulator 1, and the fiber optic demodulator 1 demodulates the wavelength information reflected back, thereby realizing the precise measurement and monitoring of the pressure of the frozen soil. When the fiber optic demodulator 1 is affected by vibration during use, when the rubber spring pad 12 is vibrated, the molecular chains inside it will undergo friction and internal energy dissipation, and the vibration energy is converted into heat energy and dissipated. This energy conversion process can effectively reduce the vibration amplitude and frequency, thereby achieving the effect of shock absorption and noise reduction.The rubber spring pad can also isolate the vibration source from the object to be protected and prevent the vibration from being transmitted through rigid connections. The shock-absorbing cylinders 13 on both sides of the rubber spring pad 12 improve the stability of both sides of the rubber spring pad 12. When encountering vibration during use, the piston inside the shock-absorbing cylinder 13 will move up and down accordingly. One end of the shock-absorbing cylinder 13 is connected to the lower support plate 11, and the other end is connected to the upper connecting plate 10, thus realizing the reciprocating motion of the piston. The inside of the shock-absorbing cylinder 13 is filled with air, which is the key medium for generating damping force. When the piston moves, the air in the shock-absorbing cylinder 13 will flow from one chamber to another through the small holes on the piston. The shock-absorbing cylinder 13 will be subject to the frictional resistance between the hole wall and the oil molecules during the flowing process, achieving the shock-absorbing effect.

[0033] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A pressure transmission device for measuring the pressure of plateau frozen soil, comprising an optical fiber demodulator (1) and an optical fiber pressure sensor wiring box (2), characterized in that: The fiber optic pressure sensor wiring box (2) includes a main wiring box (3) and a branch wiring box (4). The adjacent main wiring boxes (3) are connected by snap connection. A branch wiring box (4) is fixedly and sealedly installed at the middle position on one side of the main wiring box (3). A plurality of fiber optic pressure sensors (5) are arranged inside the fiber optic pressure sensor wiring box (2). A temperature sensor (6) is installed on one side of one fiber optic pressure sensor (5). An outer housing (14) is arranged at the outer end of the main wiring box (3), and an inner housing (15) is arranged at the inner end of the main wiring box (3). An inner housing inner connection end (18) is arranged at one end of the inner housing (15), and an inner housing outer connection end (19) is arranged at the other end of the inner housing (15). The inner housing inner connection end (18) is hermetically connected to the inner housing outer connection end (19). A water immersion sensor (17) is arranged at the middle position at the lower end inside the inner housing inner connection end (18).

2. The pressure transmission device for plateau permafrost pressure measurement according to claim 1, wherein: A fiber optic pressure sensor interface (8) is arranged on one side of the front end of the fiber optic demodulator (1). One end of the fiber optic pressure sensor (5) is provided with a fiber optic pressure sensor connector (7). The fiber optic pressure sensor connector (7) is fixedly connected to the fiber optic pressure sensor interface (8).

3. The pressure transmission device for plateau permafrost pressure measurement according to claim 2, characterized in that: A shock absorption mechanism (9) is installed below the fiber optic demodulator (1). The shock absorption mechanism (9) includes an upper connecting plate (10), a lower support plate (11), a rubber spring pad (12) and a shock absorption cylinder (13). The upper connecting plate (10) is located at the upper end of the shock absorption mechanism (9), and the lower support plate (11) is located at the lower end of the shock absorption mechanism (9).

4. The pressure transmission device for plateau permafrost pressure measurement according to claim 3, characterized in that: Eight rubber spring pads (12) are respectively installed at the four corners and the central positions of the four perimeters between the upper connecting plate (10) and the lower support plate (11). The upper end of the rubber spring pad (12) is fixedly connected to the upper connecting plate (10), and the lower end of the rubber spring pad (12) is fixedly connected to the lower support plate (11). Shock absorption cylinders (13) are obliquely installed on both sides of the rubber spring pad (12). The two ends of the shock absorption cylinder (13) are respectively rotationally connected to the upper connecting plate (10) and the lower support plate (11) through rotating shafts. The lower support plate (11) is fixedly connected to the fiber optic demodulator fixing frame.

5. The pressure transmission device for plateau permafrost pressure measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer housing (14) and the inner housing (15) are fixedly connected by a plurality of equally spaced fixing rods (16). A first sealing strip (21) is fixedly attached to the inner side of the inner housing outer connection end (19). Three sealing gaskets (22) are equally spaced on one side of the inner housing outer connection end (19). The sealing gaskets (22) are fixedly attached to the inner housing outer connection end (19). Three positioning blocks (23) are equally spaced on the outer side of the inner housing inner connection end (18). The positioning blocks (23) are correspondingly located between the first sealing strip (21) and the sealing gaskets (22) and between adjacent sealing gaskets (22).

6. The pressure transmission device for plateau permafrost pressure measurement according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first sealing strip (21) and the gasket (22) are both in contact with the outer wall of the inner connection end (18) of the inner housing. The diameter of the outer connection end (19) of the inner housing gradually increases near the inner connection end (18) of the inner housing and then remains unchanged for ten centimeters. The diameter of the inner connection end (18) of the inner housing gradually increases near the outer connection end (19) of the inner housing and then remains unchanged for ten centimeters.

7. The pressure transmission device for plateau permafrost pressure measurement according to claim 6, wherein: One end of the outer housing (14) is provided with an outer housing connection edge (20). A limit block groove (30) is provided on the inner wall of the outer housing connection edge (20). Two limit blocks (24) are provided at the other end of the outer housing (14). The limit blocks (24) are arranged corresponding to the limit block grooves (30).

8. The pressure transmission device for plateau permafrost pressure measurement according to claim 7, wherein: The connection end of the outer housing (14) is inclined. A second sealing strip (25) is fixedly attached to the outside of one end of the outer housing (14). Three third sealing strips (26) are arranged at equal intervals on the other side of the second sealing strip (25). A water blocking strip (28) is arranged between adjacent third sealing strips (26).

9. The pressure transmission device for plateau permafrost pressure measurement according to claim 8, wherein: Three third sealing strip grooves (27) are equidistantly formed at the connection end of the other end of the outer housing (14). The third sealing strip grooves (27) are in contact with the third sealing strips (26). A water blocking strip groove (29) is formed between adjacent third sealing strip grooves (27). The water blocking strip groove (29) is in contact with the water blocking strip (28). The connection between the second sealing strip (25) and one end of the outer housing (14) is hermetically connected.

10. The pressure transmission device for plateau permafrost pressure measurement according to claim 9, characterized in that: The edge of one end of the outer connection end (19) of the inner housing is inclined. The edge of one end of the outer housing connection edge (20) is inclined. One end of the outer housing connection edge (20) covers the connection end of the outer housing (14).

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