Passive analog loading device based on permanent magnet structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a passive analog loading device based on a permanent magnet structure, which comprises a permanent magnet passive loading device, a connecting assembly and a quick dismounting device, and is characterized in that the permanent magnet passive loading device is used for providing loading force for a bearing device such as a gas regulating valve, so that factory detection of the gas regulating valve is carried out in a loaded environment; the provided loading force is consistent with the gas loading force borne by the valve in the use process, so that the delivery detection accuracy of the gas regulating valve is improved; and the operation simplicity and convenience of disassembly and assembly and unloading of the loading device are improved through the quick disassembly device. The invention has the advantages of higher output force density, fast system response, good reliability, simple and compact structure, convenience in use, suitability for quick verification and the like, and has remarkable advantages in the aspects of mass, volume, response and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of design of gas control valve simulation loading devices, and particularly relates to a passive simulation loading device based on a permanent magnet structure. Background Art

[0002] As a core component of a solid rocket motor, a gas control valve can control the flow rate and pressure of gas by adjusting the valve opening, thereby controlling the combustion process of the engine and changing the attitude and orbit of the spacecraft during flight. The reliability of the gas control valve directly determines the stability and maneuverability of the solid rocket motor during operation. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct sufficient factory tests on the gas control valve.

[0003] In the early detection stage, the factory tests for gas control valves mainly used unloaded tests or cold gas experiments. The unloaded test ignores the gas thrust received by the gas control valve during operation and cannot fully reflect the true performance of the gas control valve. Although the cold gas experiment can provide a relatively realistic load condition of the gas control valve, it has a high cost, huge risks and safety hazards. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device with low cost, safety and reliability that can provide the gas load force required by the gas control valve and improve the reliability of factory tests.

[0004] A simulation loading device is a device used to simulate the load or external pressure in a real working environment. It has been used as an important test tool in the research and development and quality inspection of products, and can effectively improve the reliability and performance of products in actual use. Therefore, during the factory test of the gas control valve, using a simulation loading device to simulate the load force received by the gas control valve during operation can better reflect the true quality level of the gas control valve.

[0005] The load forces received by the gas control valve during operation mainly include inertial force, gas load force, damping force, etc. Their values are not constant, but change with the change of the valve opening. The direction of the load force points to both ends of the stroke, which is opposite to the loading force characteristic of the elastic element. Therefore, it is necessary to design a device that can meet the loading requirements of the gas control valve.

[0006] The analog loading device can be divided into active and passive loading devices according to whether an additional energy source is required. The active loading devices include electro-hydraulic and electric types: the electro-hydraulic type is prone to polluting the on-site environment during use due to liquid leakage problems and is not suitable for application in a laboratory environment; while the electric type has problems such as a relatively complex control system and high requirements for the professional technical level of the inspectors, and is not suitable for rapid inspection when the valve leaves the factory. The passive loading device has a relatively simple structure, is easy to use, and is suitable for rapid factory inspection requirements. However, the traditional passive loading device uses only elastic elements as the force source device and is difficult to meet the variable force loading requirements of gas control valves. Therefore, a new solution needs to be found.

[0007] During the use of the factory inspection of gas control valves, unloading and disassembly and assembly operations are involved. Therefore, a suitable quick-disassembly device needs to be designed. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a passive analog loading device based on a permanent magnet structure and its quick-disassembly device, which can directly convert magnetic energy into mechanical energy, has a simple and compact structure, is easy to use, has a high output force accuracy, is suitable for quick verification, and can effectively simulate the load force required for the factory inspection of gas control valves.

[0009] The technical solution for achieving the purpose of the present invention is: a passive analog loading device based on a permanent magnet structure and its quick-disassembly device, including a permanent magnet passive loading device, a connecting piece, and a quick-disassembly device. The permanent magnet passive loading device is the source for generating the analog loading force and is used to provide linear load forces of different specifications; the connecting piece is used to connect the bearing object and the loading device; the quick-disassembly device is used to unload the loading device when replacing accessories or connecting and installing.

[0010] The passive loading device mainly includes a mover, a stator with permanent magnets, and end caps. The permanent magnets are arranged in a Halbach pattern to ensure the output force density; the end caps are composed of a magnetically conductive soft iron material and a non-magnetically conductive limit block, and the two are connected by non-magnetically conductive bolts, and the left and right end caps are symmetrical. The end caps have bosses and threaded holes for mating with the housing and the bracket. At the center position of the end caps, there are second-order stepped holes with different diameters. The hole with a larger diameter is the first-order hole, and the hole with a smaller diameter is the second-order hole. A sliding bearing is pressed into the stepped part and has an interference fit with the first-order hole; the mover part can be selected with different structures according to different loading requirements. Pin holes are machined on both sides of the mover for connecting with the connecting piece and the quick-disassembly device. The mover is located inside the permanent magnet stator and the end caps. The two ends of the mover pass through the sliding bearings of the two end caps and have a clearance fit with the sliding bearings to ensure that the mover makes a reciprocating linear motion inside the permanent magnets, and the movement stroke is limited by the limit block;

[0011] The described quick-disassembly device mainly consists of a hand crank, a gear-rack mechanism, and a housing. The gear meshes with the rack and has a square central shaft at the central axis, which passes through the housing and mates with the inner four-corner part of the hand crank. The hand crank is equipped with a handle for easy operation, and the rotation of the hand crank controls the rotation of the gear. One side of the rack is machined with a cylindrical push rod, and a threaded hole for mating with the connecting mechanism is provided at the end of the push rod. The housing protects the gear-rack mechanism, and holes for the gear central shaft and the push rod output shaft, as well as threaded holes for connecting to the base, are machined on the housing surface.

[0012] The bearing device is connected to the simulation loading device through a connecting piece, which can effectively transmit the axial pushing and pulling force output by the simulation loading device, enabling the simulation loading device to output a load force that conforms to the loading characteristics when the bearing device moves to different positions.

[0013] When disassembling, the simulation loading device is connected to the quick-disassembly device through a connecting piece, and the load force output by the simulation loading device can be offset by controlling the handle, thus playing a role in unloading.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the remarkable advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] (1) The permanent magnet passive loading technology is adopted, which is simple to operate and convenient for the rapid detection of gas regulating valves during factory production. At the same time, different loading devices with different load laws can be designed only by changing the structure of the mover, adapting to the different load requirements of more bearing devices.

[0016] (2) The quick-disassembly device with a sealed structure is more flexible and convenient to cooperate with the loading device, can effectively offset the load force of the loading device, and is convenient for operators to disassemble, assemble, and unload. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional installation schematic diagram of the permanent magnet structure-based passive simulation loading device of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is an internal structure diagram of the permanent magnet structure-based passive simulation loading device of the present invention, where (a) is a three-dimensional structure diagram, and (b) is a schematic diagram of the permanent magnet arrangement of the device in (a).

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structure diagram of the mover replacement parts of the permanent magnet structure-based passive simulation loading device of the present invention for different load requirements, where (a) is a schematic diagram of the 100N specification mover, (b) is a schematic diagram of the 300N specification mover, and (c) is a schematic diagram of the 500N specification mover.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structure disassembly diagram of the quick-disassembly device of the present invention. SPECIFIC IMPLEMENTATION METHODS

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Combined Figure 1 , the overall structure of the passive analog loading device based on a permanent magnet structure and its quick-disassembly device of the present invention is composed of a gas control valve 1 as a loading device, a permanent magnet passive loading device 2 as a loading device, a quick-disassembly device 3 as an auxiliary disassembly device, and a connecting member 4, which can realize the effective loading of the gas control valve 1 by the loading device 2 and the quick assembly, disassembly and unloading functions of the loading device 2 by using the quick-disassembly device 3. The present invention can be divided into two working modes: loading and disassembly when in use.

[0023] Combined Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the permanent magnet passive loading device 2 includes a mover 5, a stator 6 and end caps 7. The inner surface of the stator 6 is distributed with a ring-shaped permanent magnet in a Halbach array. The material of the ring-shaped permanent magnet is selected as neodymium iron boron N35SH with a relatively high remanence flux density and coercivity. The magnetization directions of the permanent magnets are symmetrically distributed left and right, which can form a certain initial symmetric magnetic field inside the stator 6. Its ring-shaped permanent magnet has a cylindrical cavity inside, which can provide a space for the mover to make an axial linear motion; the end caps 7 include two symmetric end caps. The main body part is made of soft iron material, which can change the distribution of the magnetic force lines of the original magnetic field, guide the magnetic field to the mover activity area, and there are bosses and threaded hole seats required for assembling with the bracket machined on the outer surface of the end caps 7. Second-order stepped holes with different diameters are machined at the center position of the end caps. The hole with a larger diameter is the first-order hole, and the hole with a smaller diameter is the second-order hole. A sliding bearing 8 is pressed into the stepped part and is in interference fit with the first-order hole to prevent the sliding bearing 8 from detaching during the movement of the mover. The inside of the sliding bearing 8 is in clearance fit with the mover 5, which is used to reduce the frictional resistance when the mover 5 makes a linear motion and avoid direct wear on the end caps 7. In order to limit the movement of the mover 5 within a reliable stroke range, the inner surface of the end caps 7 is threadedly connected to a limit block 9, and the height of the limit block 9 can be adjusted to adjust the movement stroke of the mover 5; the mover 5 is an actuator for outputting an external load force, and different magnetic forces are generated by different polarized magnetic fields at different positions. The structure of the mover needs to be obtained through complex and strict magnetic field calculations. By designing the magnetic field and the structure of the mover, load forces with different loading law requirements can be output externally.

[0024] The principle of generating magnetic force of the permanent magnet passive loading device 2 is mainly that the mover is magnetized in the magnetic field to generate a magnetized magnetic field, which produces a superposition effect of mutual attraction or repulsion with the original magnetic field. The magnetized magnetic field can be regarded as an additional magnetic field formed inside the object due to the external magnetic field. Assuming that each small area in the object has a magnetic moment, their arrangement and strength determine the overall magnetization intensity. Under the action of the external magnetic field, the magnetized object will be affected by a force, and this force comes from the interaction between the external magnetic field and the magnetized object. This interaction is usually described by force density, and the formula is as follows:

[0025]

[0026] Where f is the force density per unit volume, M is the magnetization intensity, H is the external magnetic field, represents the tensor product and represents the interaction between the magnetization and the external magnetic field.

[0027] The mover 5, as a direct actuator loaded by the passive loading device 2, can reciprocate in the columnar channel formed between the stator 6 and the housing 7. When the mover 5 is in a position to the left or right of the stroke, the magnetized magnetic field strengths on the left and right sides are different, so that the suction forces on both sides are different. The mover 5 will be subject to suction directed to the deflected end, and the suction force reaches the maximum when the mover 5 is at the end of the stroke. When the mover 5 is exactly in the middle of the stroke, due to the stacked distribution of the device structure, the mover 5 is subjected to the same suction forces on both sides, so it appears to be unstressed. The force mode of the mover 5 is consistent with the load condition of the gas regulating valve 1, and the load force is directed to both ends of the stroke.

[0028] Combination Figure 3 After rigorous magnetic field optimization design, three different structures of movers 5 are obtained, which can output linear forces of 100N, 300N and 500N respectively. Under the premise that the permanent magnet arrangement and other dimensions are determined, the mover 5 is optimized by using discrete topology optimization. First, the mover area is discretized into a certain number of optimization units, and these units are used as optimization design variables. The target load force is used as the optimization design target. The filter technology is used to solve the checkerboard phenomenon in the topology optimization process, and the intelligent optimization algorithm is combined to realize the rapid optimization of the mover structure. This method can design the load force law in a wide range.

[0029] In the loading mode of the present invention, the permanent magnet passive loading device 2 and the gas regulating valve 1 are connected through the connecting member 4. The mover 5 of the loading device 2 can move passively following the movement of the valve of the gas regulating valve 1 through a rigid connection. Before use, an appropriate bracket height should be selected to ensure the coaxiality of the two, reduce the redundant force of the system, and the stroke endpoints of the gas regulating valve 1 should correspond to the stroke endpoints of the loading device 2, so that the relationship between the load force and the displacement can correspond to each other. After connecting the equipment, controlling the gas regulating valve 1 to move to different positions can realize the simulated loading function of a specific loading force law, thus providing a loaded environment for the rapid factory inspection of the gas regulating valve 1.

[0030] Combined Figure 1 with Figure 4 , the quick-disassembly device 3 mainly includes a handwheel 10, a gear mechanism 11, a rack mechanism 12 and a housing 13. The handwheel 10 cooperates with the gear 11 through an internal four-corner structure. When the handwheel 10 is rotated, the gear 11 can be driven to rotate. The radius of the handwheel 10 is much larger than the radius of the gear 11, which belongs to a labor-saving structure and can provide a greater tangential driving force to the rack 12. The handwheel 10 and the gear 11 are designed to be separable. When a greater driving force is required, a handwheel 10 with a larger radius can be used; the gear 11 is a spur gear, which is symmetric on both sides of the center of the gear 11 and has cylindrical shafts with a certain height for cooperating with the round holes of the housing 13 as the support area during the rotation process. Square columns are machined on the cylindrical shafts for cooperating with the handwheel 10; the rack 12 is in transmission cooperation with the gear 11. A cylindrical push rod is machined on one side of the rack 12. The push rod passes through the hole of the housing 13 and has a threaded hole at the end of the push rod, which can be threadedly connected to the connecting member 4; the housing 13 provides a support for the gear 11 to rotate, provides a guide groove for the linear movement of the rack 12, and plays a role in dust and dirt prevention. A threaded hole for cooperating with the base of the quick-disassembly device 3 is machined at the bottom of the housing 13.

[0031] In the disassembly mode of the present invention, the quick-disassembly device 3 and the loading device 2 need to be connected through the connecting member 4. Both the quick-disassembly device 3 and the loading device 2 are fixed on the corresponding brackets. By controlling the handwheel 10, the load force output by the loading device 2 can be offset, thus achieving the unloading function. At the same time, the handwheel 10 can be rotated to control the position of the mover 5 or take it out.

[0032] The present invention has been described exemplarily in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In response to the load requirements for the rapid factory inspection of gas regulating valves, the present invention adopts a passive analog loading device based on a permanent magnet structure and its rapid disassembly device, which has better practicability, a simple and reliable structure, convenient operation, can effectively simulate the load force required for gas regulating valves, and has the function of rapid disassembly, so as to realize the rapid factory inspection of gas regulating valves in a loaded environment, and achieve the purpose of improving the inspection efficiency and inspection accuracy. It should be noted that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above application fields. For those of ordinary skill in the field of this analog loading technology, without departing from the spirit and ideas of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made or applied to other loading devices, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A passive simulation loading device based on a permanent magnetic structure, characterized in that: The simulated loading technology is used to simulate the load force on the gas regulating valve, providing a simple and fast load environment for the factory inspection of the gas regulating valve, including The permanent magnet passive loading device (2) is used as a force source to simulate the load force required for the factory inspection of the gas regulating valve and is used to provide power; A quick disassembly device (3) improves the operability of the loading device (2) and is used to unload the mover (5) of the loading device (2); The connecting piece (4) is used to connect the loading device (2) and the gas regulating valve (1), and the loading device (2) and the quick disassembly device (3).

2. The passive simulation loading device based on permanent magnetic structure and the quick disassembly device thereof according to claim 1 are characterized in that: The permanent magnet arrangement and the polarization of the magnetic field are used to achieve the simulated loading of the moving iron type, including: The annular permanent magnets on the inner surface of the stator (6) are arranged in a Halbach array, and the mover (5) moves linearly inside the stator (6); the device includes two left-right symmetrical end covers (7) that can guide the magnetic wire to the moving area of ​​the mover (5); the surface of the end cover (7) is processed with threaded holes and bosses that match the bracket, the limit block (9), and the stator (5), and cooperates with the stator (5) and the limit block (9) to constrain the mover (6) to move within a certain travel space; the center position of the end cover (7) is processed with a straight The second-step stepped hole has different diameters, the hole with the larger diameter is the first-step hole, and the hole with the smaller diameter is the second-step hole. A sliding bearing (8) is pressed into the step and is interference-fitted with the first-step hole. The interior of the sliding bearing (8) and the mover (5) are clearance-fitted. The movement wear of the mover (5) is borne by the sliding bearing (8), thereby avoiding direct wear of the mover (5) and the end cover (7). The mover (5) is a direct component for generating load force, and different polarized magnetic fields are generated at different positions, thereby outputting different load forces to the outside.

3. The passive simulation loading device based on permanent magnetic structure and the quick disassembly device thereof according to claim 2 are characterized in that: Different mover (5) structures are designed to achieve loading of different regular forces. The mover (5) is topologically optimized in a discrete manner, with discrete units in the optimization area used as design variables and target regular forces used as design targets, and intelligent optimization algorithms are combined to perform rapid optimization calculations.

4. The passive simulation loading device based on permanent magnetic structure and the quick disassembly device thereof according to claim 2, characterized in that: The loading device (2) is directly connected to a bearing device such as a gas regulating valve (1) through a connecting piece (4) without the need for other adapter devices. The loading device (2) passively follows the movement of the gas regulating valve (1). The two move synchronously. The force-displacement relationship required by the gas regulating valve (1) is the output force law required to be designed for the loading device (2).

5. The passive simulation loading device based on permanent magnetic structure and the quick disassembly device thereof according to claim 1 are characterized in that: In view of the use requirement of quick verification of the loading device (2), the quick disassembly device (3) is used to improve the operating performance of the loading device. include, The gear is provided with circular and square shafts on both sides, the circular part supports the pressure and friction force during the rotation of the gear, and the square part cooperates with the inner four corners of the hand-cranked wheel (10) to transmit torque, and the radius of the hand-cranked wheel (10) is several times that of the gear (11), thereby saving effort; the gear (10) is tightly meshed with the rack (11), and one end of the rack (11) is provided with a cylindrical push rod, thereby transmitting motion and force to the outside, and a threaded hole matching with the connecting piece (4) is processed at the end of the push rod; the housing (13) fully wraps the gear (10) and the rack (11), and only the central axis of the gear (10) and the push rod part of the rack (11) are exposed, thereby effectively isolating the environment and preventing pollution and dust from eroding the gear surface.

6. The passive simulation loading device based on permanent magnetic structure and the quick disassembly device thereof according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the quick disassembly device (3) is used, the quick disassembly device (3) and the loading device (2) only need to be installed on the corresponding support to realize the unloading function of the loading device (2). After the installation is completed, the operator controls the hand-cranked wheel (10) to offset the load force output by the loading device (2), thereby achieving the disassembly and unloading functions of the loading device.

Images