Antenna and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna and electronic equipment, the antenna comprises a radiator, the radiator and a floor are oppositely arranged at an interval in a first direction, the radiator comprises a feed part and a plurality of radiation units arranged at one side of the feed part along a second direction, and the feed part is connected to a feed point. Wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. The plurality of radiation units are periodically arranged in the second direction, each radiation unit in the plurality of radiation units comprises a radiation body, the radiation body is provided with a hollow structure, a non-linear strip-shaped radiation body is formed on the radiation body, and the radiation body is grounded. According to the antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention, the absorption amount of antenna radiation energy by a human body can be reduced, and the antenna efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular, to an antenna and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] The PIFA antenna (Planar Inverted-F Antenna) is also known as a planar inverted F antenna. It gets its name because the shape of the entire antenna resembles an inverted English letter F. The built-in antennas of most electronic devices on the market have always used this traditional PIFA antenna design. The basic structure of the PIFA antenna is to use a planar radiation element as the radiator and a large ground plane as the reflecting surface. One end of the radiator is grounded and the other end is fed. When the PIFA antenna is applied to wearable electronic devices such as headphones, it performs well in a free space scenario (a scenario not close to the human body, for example, freely placed on a table). However, during use close to the human body, such as when a user wears headphones, a watch, etc., a large amount of the radiation energy of the antenna is absorbed by the human body, resulting in a significant reduction in the finally radiated energy, a significant decrease in the antenna efficiency, affecting the communication quality, and leading to a poor user experience.

[0003] It can be seen that the antenna of the prior art has a large amount of its radiation energy absorbed by the human body when close to the human body, and the antenna efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The antenna and the electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present application solve the problem that the antenna of the prior art has a large amount of its radiation energy absorbed by the human body when close to the human body, and the antenna efficiency is low.

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide an antenna, including a radiator. The radiator is spaced apart from the floor in a first direction. The radiator includes a feeding portion and a plurality of radiation units arranged on one side of the feeding portion in a second direction. The feeding portion is connected to a feeding point. Among them, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0006] The plurality of radiation units are arranged periodically in the second direction. Each radiation unit among the plurality of radiation units includes a radiation body. The radiation body is provided with a hollow structure to form a strip-shaped radiator in a non-linear shape on the radiation body, and the radiation body is grounded.

[0007] With the above solution, the radiator of the antenna includes a feeding portion and a plurality of radiation units. The plurality of radiation units are arranged on one side of the feeding portion and are arranged periodically. Among them, being arranged periodically means that the plurality of radiation units repeat and cycle according to a certain rule. Or it can be understood that the structures of each radiation unit are the same, and the plurality of radiation units are distributed according to a certain rule to form a periodic structure.

[0008] The radiation body of each radiation unit is grounded and forms a strip-shaped radiator with a non-linear shape. The strip-shaped radiator is non-linear as a whole (for example, in a bent or folded shape) to increase its electrical length. With this structure, the antenna and the floor can be understood as constituting a CRLH (Composite Right and Left Handed Transmission Line) structure, so that when the antenna is close to the human body, a normal electric field perpendicular to the human body surface can be generated between the antenna and the floor. Specifically, a right-handed capacitor in the equivalent circuit of the composite right and left-handed transmission line structure is formed between the antenna and the floor, the strip-shaped radiator in each radiation unit is a right-handed inductor, and the left-handed inductor is formed after the radiation body is grounded, that is, the grounding part for grounding the radiation body forms a left-handed inductor. By arranging multiple radiation units in a periodic manner, the four ends of the antenna are open. When the antenna is close to the human body, a uniform polarization electric field perpendicular to the human body surface (this polarization electric field is also perpendicular to the floor and the radiator) can be generated, and it will not diverge around the grounded position (that is, it can reduce or avoid the generation of a tangential electric field between the human body and the antenna when the antenna is close to the human body), thereby reducing the amount of energy absorbed by the human body from the antenna radiation, more energy is radiated by the antenna, and the antenna efficiency is improved.

[0009] It can be seen that the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application can reduce the amount of energy absorbed by the human body from the antenna radiation and improve the antenna efficiency.

[0010] In some embodiments, in the radiation body of each radiation unit, the hollow structure is arranged as a spiral slot, and the strip-shaped radiator is in a spiral structure. The spiral shape increases the electrical length of the strip-shaped radiator.

[0011] In some embodiments, the spiral slot is a square spiral slot, and the spiral structure is a square spiral structure. Alternatively, the spiral slot is a circular spiral slot, and the spiral structure is a circular spiral structure.

[0012] In some embodiments, the radiation body is provided with a grounding connection point, and the grounding connection point is located at the center of the spiral structure. The radiation body is grounded through the grounding connection point.

[0013] In some embodiments, in the radiation body of each radiation unit, the strip-shaped radiator is in a wave structure, and the wave structure is one of a square wave structure, a sine wave structure, a triangular wave structure, and a sawtooth wave structure. The wave structure increases the electrical length of the strip-shaped radiator.

[0014] In some embodiments, the wavy structure is a square wave structure. The radiation body includes a first edge and a second edge that are opposite to each other in a third direction, wherein the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other in pairs; the hollow structure includes a plurality of first strip-shaped slots and a plurality of second strip-shaped slots, and the plurality of first strip-shaped slots and the plurality of second strip-shaped slots correspond to each other one by one and are arranged crosswise in the second direction. Each of the plurality of first strip-shaped slots extends from the first edge of the radiation body to a position close to the second edge in the third direction, and each of the plurality of second strip-shaped slots extends from the second edge of the radiation body to a position close to the first edge in the third direction, so that the strip-shaped radiator has a square wave structure.

[0015] With the above solution, a strip-shaped radiator with a square wave structure can be formed by directly etching a slit on the radiator, which is convenient for processing.

[0016] In some embodiments, the radiation body is provided with a grounding connection point, and the grounding connection point is arranged at one end of the wavy structure away from the feeding part in the second direction, and the radiation body is grounded through the grounding connection point.

[0017] In some embodiments, the second direction is the length direction of the radiator. Along the second direction, the feeding part is arranged at one end of the radiator, and one of the plurality of radiation units away from the feeding part is located at the other end of the radiator.

[0018] In some embodiments, a first slit is provided on the radiator, and the first slit is located between the feeding part and the plurality of radiation units. A second slit is provided on the radiator, and the second slit is located between any two adjacent radiation units among the plurality of radiation units.

[0019] With the above solution, the first slit disconnects the feeding part from each radiation unit, and it can be used to adjust impedance matching. By setting the second slit between adjacent radiation units, a left-handed capacitor in the equivalent circuit of the composite right / left-handed transmission line structure can be formed.

[0020] In some embodiments, the radiator is a sheet-shaped radiator. In a first plane, the projection of the radiator coincides at least partially with the projection of the floor, wherein the first plane is perpendicular to the first direction. The feeding part is provided with a feeding connection point, and the feeding connection point is connected to the feeding point, and the feeding connection point is arranged at the middle position of the feeding part in the third direction. When the radiation body of each radiation unit is provided with a grounding connection point, the grounding connection point is arranged at the middle position of the radiation body in the third direction. Wherein, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other in pairs.

[0021] With the above solution, the projection of the radiator coincides with the projection of the floor so that the normal electric field generated by the antenna is distributed on the floor.

[0022] In some embodiments, the plurality of radiation units are two radiation units.

[0023] In some embodiments, the antenna and the ground plane form a composite right - hand and left - hand transmission line structure. Among them, a right - hand capacitance is formed between the radiator and the ground plane.

[0024] The strip - shaped radiators of the respective radiation units form right - hand inductances. When a grounding connection point is provided on the radiation body of each radiation unit, the grounding connection point is grounded through a grounding member, and the grounding member forms a left - hand inductance. When a second slot is provided on the radiator, the second slot forms a left - hand capacitance.

[0025] The embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, including the antenna provided in any of the above - mentioned embodiments. The electronic device applies the antenna provided in the present application. The human body absorbs less radiation energy of the electronic device, and the efficiency of the antenna can be ensured even at a position close to the human body, ensuring the transmission quality of the signal and providing a better user experience.

[0026] In some embodiments, the electronic device is an earphone. The earphone includes an ear tip and an ear rod. One end of the ear rod is connected to the ear tip, and the antenna is disposed inside the ear rod. In the second direction, the feeding portion is located at one end of the radiator away from the ear tip. In the first direction, the radiator is located on the side of the ground plane away from the ear tip.

[0027] Adopting the above - mentioned solution, the radiation unit is closer to the ear tip, which is convenient for connecting the radiation unit to the conductive member in the ear tip.

[0028] In some embodiments, a circuit board is provided in the ear rod, and the ground plane is formed on the grounding layer of the circuit board. A conductive member is provided inside the ear tip, and the conductive member is connected to the grounding layer of the circuit board. When a grounding connection point is provided on the radiation body of each radiation unit, the grounding connection point is connected to the ground plane or the conductive member through a grounding member.

[0029] In some embodiments, the radiator is one of a metal sheet, a metal coating layer, a flexible circuit board, and a metal layer on a printed circuit board provided inside the housing of the electronic device. Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an earphone;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the scenario of an earphone in a head - model;

[0032] Figures 3a - 3b It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the current, electric field, and equivalent magnetic current distribution of the antenna in an earphone;

[0033] Figure 4a It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4b It is a schematic diagram of the scenario of the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present application in a head - model;

[0035] Figures 5 - 6 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first embodiment of the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first embodiment of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 8 Top view structure diagram of the first embodiment of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figures 9a - 9c Equivalent circuit diagram of the CRLH of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present application, where Figure 9a is the left-handed circuit, Figure 9b is the right-handed circuit, Figure 9c is the composite left- and right-handed circuit;

[0039] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the current, electric field, and equivalent magnetic current distribution principles of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figures 11a - 11e Distribution diagram of the feeding part and the radiation unit of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second embodiment of the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 13 Top view structure diagram of the second embodiment of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the third embodiment of the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 15 Top view structure diagram of the third embodiment of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figures 16a - 16d Electric field simulation diagram of the first embodiment of the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 17a Efficiency comparison diagram between the first embodiment of the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present application and a kind of earphone in the head model;

[0047] Figure 17b Radiation efficiency comparison diagram between the first embodiment of the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present application and a kind of earphone in free space;

[0048] Figure 18 Efficiency comparison diagram between the second embodiment of the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present application and a kind of earphone in the head model;

[0049] Figure 19 This is a comparison chart of the efficiency of the third embodiment of the electronic device in the present application and a headset in a head mold.

[0050] Description of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0051] Prior art:

[0052] 100', headset;

[0053] 1', antenna; 11', radiator; 111', feed connection point; 112', ground connection point;

[0054] 12', feeding member; 13', grounding member;

[0055] 2', ear cap; 3', ear rod; 4', floor.

[0056] The present application:

[0057] 100, electronic device;

[0058] 1, ear cap; 11, conductive member;

[0059] 2, ear rod; 20, circuit board; 21, floor; 22, wiring layer; 221, feed point;

[0060] 200, antenna;

[0061] 3, radiator;

[0062] 31, feeding part; 311, feed connection point;

[0063] 32, radiation unit; 321, ground connection point;

[0064] 33, radiation body; 331, first edge; 332, second edge;

[0065] 34, hollow structure; 341, first strip groove; 342, second strip groove;

[0066] 35, strip radiator; 351, square spiral structure; 352, circular spiral structure; 353, square wave structure;

[0067] 361, first gap; 362, second gap; 37, radiator segment; 38, radiator segment;

[0068] 41, feeding member; 42, grounding member;

[0069] M, first plane;

[0070] z, first direction; y, second direction; x, third direction. Detailed Implementation Modes

[0071] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation modes of the present application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the content disclosed in this specification. Although the description of the present application will be introduced in combination with some embodiments, this does not mean that the features of this application are limited to this implementation mode. On the contrary, the purpose of introducing the application in combination with the implementation mode is to cover other alternatives or modifications that may be extended based on the claims of the present application. In order to provide a deep understanding of the present application, many specific details will be included in the following description. The present application can also be implemented without using these details. In addition, in order to avoid confusion or obscuring the key points of the present application, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0072] It should be noted that in this specification, similar reference numerals and letters indicate similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0073] The following explains the terms that may appear in the embodiments of the present application.

[0074] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0075] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific situations.

[0076] Coupling: It can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling. "Coupling connection" can be understood as direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be referred to as "electrical connection", which is understood as the physical contact and electrical conduction of components; it can also be understood as the form of connection between different components in a circuit structure through physical lines such as copper foils or wires on a printed circuit board (PCB) that can transmit electrical signals. "Indirect coupling" can be understood as the electrical conduction of two conductors in a non-contact manner through air. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be referred to as capacitive coupling. For example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through the coupling between the gaps between two conductive parts.

[0077] End: The "end" in the first end / second end / feeding end / grounding end of the antenna radiator should not be narrowly understood as necessarily a point. It can also be considered as a section of the radiator on the antenna radiator that includes the end point; nor should it be narrowly understood as necessarily the end point or end part disconnected from other radiators. It can also be considered as a certain point or a certain section on the continuous radiator. In one embodiment, the "end" can include the end point of the antenna radiator at a certain gap. For example, the end of the antenna radiator can be considered as a section of the radiator within 5 mm (e.g., 2 mm) from a certain gap on the radiator. In one embodiment, the "end" can include the connection point on the antenna radiator that connects to other conductive structures. For example, the feeding end can be the connection point on the antenna radiator that is coupled to the feeding structure. For example, the grounding end can be the connection point on the antenna radiator that is coupled to the grounding structure.

[0078] Open end, closed end: In some embodiments, the open end / closed end is, for example, relative to whether it is grounded. The closed end is grounded, and the open end is not grounded. In some embodiments, the open end / closed end is, for example, relative to other conductive bodies. The closed end is electrically connected to other conductive bodies, and the open end is not electrically connected to other conductive bodies. In one embodiment, the open end can also be referred to as an open-ended or open-circuit end. In one embodiment, the closed end can also be referred to as a grounding end or a short-circuit end.

[0079] Oppositely arranged: It can be understood as being arranged face to face (opposite to, or face to face) or having at least partially overlapping regions along a certain direction.

[0080] Ground / Floor: It can generally refer to at least a part of any ground layer, ground plane, or ground metal layer in an electronic device (such as headphones), or at least a part of any combination of the above-mentioned ground layer, ground plane, or ground component, etc. "Ground / Floor" can be used for grounding components in an electronic device. In one embodiment, "Ground / Floor" can include any one or more of the following: the ground layer of the circuit board of the electronic device, the ground plane formed by the housing of the electronic device, the conductive ground layer of the battery, and the conductive or metal components electrically connected to the above-mentioned ground layer / ground plane / metal layer. In one embodiment, the circuit board can include a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12 - 14-layer board with 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or components separated and electrically insulated by dielectric layers or insulating layers such as fiberglass, polymers, etc. In one embodiment, the PCB board includes a dielectric substrate, a ground layer, and a trace layer, and the trace layer and the ground layer are electrically connected through vias. The dielectric substrate in the PCB board can be a flame-retardant material (FR-4) dielectric board, can also be a Rogers dielectric board, or can also be a hybrid dielectric board of Rogers and FR-4. In one embodiment, components such as a processor, a memory, a battery, a charging circuit, a system on chip (SoC) structure, etc. can be mounted on the circuit board or connected to the circuit board; or electrically connected to the trace layer and / or the ground layer in the circuit board. For example, a radio frequency source is arranged on the trace layer.

[0081] Any of the above-mentioned ground layer, ground plane, or ground metal layer is made of a conductive material. In one embodiment, the conductive material can be any one of the following materials: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate, and tin-plated copper, cloth impregnated with graphite powder, graphite-coated substrate, copper-plated substrate, brass-plated substrate, and aluminum-plated substrate. Those skilled in the art can understand that the ground layer / ground plane / ground metal layer can also be made of other conductive materials.

[0082] Electrical length: The electrical length can be defined as the physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) multiplied by the ratio of the transmission time of an electrical or electromagnetic signal in a medium to the time required for this signal to pass through the same distance as the physical length of the medium in free space. The electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0083]

[0084] where L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in free space.

[0085] Alternatively, the electrical length may also refer to the ratio of the physical length (i.e., the mechanical length or the geometric length) to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave being transmitted, and the electrical length may satisfy the following formula:

[0086]

[0087] Wherein, L is the physical length, and λ is the vacuum wavelength of the electromagnetic wave (or the wavelength in the medium of the electromagnetic wave).

[0088] In the embodiments of the present application, the wavelength in a certain wavelength mode of the antenna (such as the half-wavelength mode, etc.) may refer to the wavelength of the signal radiated by the antenna. It should be understood that the wavelength of the radiated signal in air can be calculated as follows: air wavelength (or vacuum wavelength) = speed of light / frequency, where the frequency is the frequency of the radiated signal, and the speed of light can be taken as 3×10 8 m / s. The wavelength of the radiated signal in the medium can be calculated as follows: Wherein, ε is the relative permittivity of the medium, and the frequency is the frequency of the radiated signal. The slots and grooves in the following embodiments may be filled with an insulating medium.

[0089] Antenna radiation efficiency: It refers to the ratio of the power radiated by the antenna into space (i.e., the power of the effectively converted electromagnetic wave part) to the active power input to the antenna. Wherein, the active power input to the antenna = the input power of the antenna - the loss power; the loss power mainly includes the return loss power, the ohmic loss power of the metal, and / or the dielectric loss power.

[0090] Antenna system efficiency: It refers to the ratio of the power radiated by the antenna into space (i.e., the power of the effectively converted electromagnetic wave part) to the input power of the antenna.

[0091] Antenna return loss: It can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port through the antenna circuit to the transmission power of the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated by the antenna into space, and the higher the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated by the antenna into space, and the lower the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0092] The limitations such as parallel, perpendicular, and same (for example, the same length, the same width, etc.) mentioned in the embodiments of the present application are all in terms of the current process level, rather than the absolutely strict definitions in the mathematical sense. There may be a deviation within a predetermined angular range between two radiators that are parallel or perpendicular to each other. In one embodiment, the predetermined angle is 10°, for example, the deviation may be within the range of ±5°.

[0093] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present application clearer, the following will further describe the embodiments of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0094] Please refer to Figures 1 - 3b , Figure 1 which is a schematic structural diagram of a headset; Figure 2 which is a schematic diagram of the scenario of a headset in a head mold; Figures 3a - 3b which is a schematic diagram of the current, electric field, and equivalent magnetic current distribution of the antenna in a headset.

[0095] As Figures 1 - 2 shown, the headset 100' includes an ear cap 2' and an ear rod 3' (represented by a dashed box in the figure), and the antenna 1' is disposed within the ear rod 3'. A floor 4' is also disposed in the ear rod 3', and the entire antenna 1' is located on one side of the floor 4'. When the user wears the headset 100', the floor 4' is on the side of the antenna 1' close to the human body.

[0096] The antenna 1' is a PIFA antenna. One end of the radiator 11' is provided with a feed connection point 111', and the other end is provided with a ground connection point 112'. The feed connection point 111' is connected to the feed point through a feed member 12'. Herein, the "end" of the radiator 11' is not limited to the physical end, and it may be a partial radiator segment including the end. It can be understood that in a traditional PIFA antenna, the end of the radiator 11' provided with the ground portion is a closed end, that is, the end of the radiator 11' provided with the ground connection point 112' is closed.

[0097] One end of the radiator of the PIFA antenna is grounded and the other end is fed. When the PIFA antenna is applied to wearable electronic devices such as headsets, it has good performance in a free space scenario (a scenario not close to the human body, for example, a scenario of being freely placed on a table), but during use close to the human body, such as when the user wears a headset, a watch, etc., the radiation energy of the antenna is mostly absorbed by the human body. The principle is as follows:

[0098] As Figures 3a - 3b shown, the four edges of the rectangular frame in the figure can be understood as the four ends of the radiator 11'. One end of the radiator 11' is grounded to form a closed end. The dashed arrows represent the equivalent magnetic current. It should be noted that the equivalent magnetic current is a concept fictitiously defined with reference to the relationship between current and magnetic field, and the relationship between the equivalent magnetic current and the electric field conforms to the right-hand screw rule. When the antenna 1' is close to the human body surface, when a closed-loop equivalent magnetic current is formed around the radiator 11', the antenna generates a normal electric field perpendicular to the human body surface (the normal electric field is also perpendicular to the floor 4' and the radiator 11', Figures 3a - 3b and the electric field perpendicular to the paper surface in Figure 1) is an illegal normal electric field that diverges in all directions (i.e., the tangential electric field relative to the human body surface, and the tangential electric field is more absorbed by the human body), so a complete closed-loop equivalent magnetic current cannot be formed around the radiator 11'. That is to say, in the PIFA antenna, at a position close to the human body, a part of the electric field generated by the antenna 1' is the tangential electric field, and the tangential electric field will be more absorbed by the human body, the energy radiated by the antenna 1' decreases, and the efficiency of the antenna 1' decreases. When the user wears the headset 100', the efficiency of the antenna 1' drops significantly, resulting in a poor user experience.

[0099] It can be seen that the antenna of the prior art has more energy radiated absorbed by the human body when close to the human body, and the antenna efficiency is low.

[0100] Therefore, the present application provides an antenna, and creatively proposes a periodic structure to generate a complete and uniform normal electric field between the antenna and the ground plane, reducing the amount of energy radiated by the antenna absorbed by the human body. The present application also provides an electronic device that applies the antenna provided by the present application. The human body absorbs less radiation energy from the electronic device, and the efficiency of the antenna can be ensured even at a position close to the human body, ensuring the signal transmission quality and providing a better user experience.

[0101] The technical solution provided by the present application is applicable to electronic devices with one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (BT) communication technology, Global Positioning System (GPS) communication technology, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) communication technology, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) technology, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) communication technology, Long Term Evolution (LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology, SUB-6G communication technology, and other future communication technologies.

[0102] The electronic device in the embodiments of the present application can be a Bluetooth headset, mobile phone, tablet computer, smart bracelet, smart watch, smart helmet, smart glasses, wireless wearable device, etc. The Bluetooth headset can be specifically, for example, a True Wireless Stereo (TWS) Bluetooth headset, etc. The electronic device can also be a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, an electronic device in a 5G network or an electronic device in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), a wireless router or a Customer Premise Equipment (CPE), etc. The present application does not limit this. The following takes a Bluetooth headset as an example to illustrate the structure of the electronic device in the embodiments of the present application.

[0103] Please refer to Figures 4a - 6 , Figure 4a which is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the electronic device in the embodiments of the present application; Figure 4b which is a schematic diagram of the scene of the electronic device in the embodiments of the present application in a head mold; Figures 5 - 6 which is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the electronic device in the embodiments of the present application.

[0104] As Figures 4a - 6 shown, the electronic device 100 is a headset, including an ear cap 1 and an ear stem 2. One end of the ear stem 2 is connected to the ear cap 1, and the antenna 200 is arranged inside the ear stem 2. Those skilled in the art can understand that the specific type of the headset is not limited. For example, it can be an in-ear headset, a semi-in-ear headset, a head-mounted headset, etc. In one embodiment, the headset is an in-ear headset, and the ear cap 1 enters the user's ear canal. In an example scenario, the ear cap 1 can also be equipped with earplugs. The earplugs can be, for example, rubber rings, silicone rings, foam rings, etc. sleeved on the ear cap 1. The present application does not limit this. It should be noted that the headset generally has a shell. In order to clearly show the internal structure of the headset, only Figure 4a the shell of the headset is shown in the drawings of the present application, Figure 4a and the shell in

[0105] In one embodiment, a circuit board 20 is disposed inside the ear rod 2, and the specific type of the circuit board 20 is not limited. Taking a PCB board as an example, the PCB board includes a dielectric substrate, a ground layer, and a trace layer 22. The ground layer is used to ground the antenna 200, that is, the floor 21 is formed on the ground layer of the circuit board 20. The trace layer 22 may include a feeding circuit for feeding the antenna 200. In one embodiment, a conductive member 11 is disposed inside the ear cap 1. The conductive member 11 is connected to the ground layer of the circuit board 20, and the antenna 200 can be grounded through the conductive member 11. Among them, the conductive member 11 may be an independent component disposed inside the ear cap 1, such as a metal sheet, a metal coating layer, a circuit board, etc., or the ear cap 1 itself may be made into a conductive member 11, and the present application does not limit this.

[0106] It should be noted that the electronic device 100 schematically shown in the drawings of the present application has a simple structure. In fact, the electronic device 100 may further include more or fewer components than those shown in the figures. In an exemplary scenario, the electronic device 100 may further include a housing (such as Figure 4a the schematically shown external structure), such as a plastic housing, a metal housing, etc. In an exemplary scenario, the electronic device 100 further includes a battery. The battery is disposed in the ear rod 2 to supply power to the electronic components in the earphone.

[0107] As Figure 4b shown, in one embodiment, when the user wears the earphone, the floor 21 is located on the side close to the human head relative to the antenna 200, and the floor 21 is approximately parallel to the surface of the human head. When the antenna 200 generates a normal electric field perpendicular to the floor 21, the normal electric field is approximately perpendicular to the human body, and the absorption amount of the radiation energy of the antenna 200 by the human body can be reduced. In an exemplary scenario, the electronic device 100 is a smart watch or a smart bracelet. The smart watch or the smart bracelet has a rear cover that fits the arm when worn on the human body. The floor 21 can be arranged parallel to the rear cover, so that the antenna can generate a normal electric field perpendicular to the human body surface, improving the communication quality and signal transmission quality when the smart bracelet or the smart watch is worn. In an exemplary scenario, the electronic device 100 is smart glasses. The smart glasses have a rear cover that fits the human face when worn on the human body. The floor 21 can be arranged parallel to the rear cover, so that the antenna can generate a normal electric field perpendicular to the human face surface. The electronic device 100 may also be, for example, a mobile phone. When making or answering a call, the screen of the mobile phone fits the human face, and the floor 21 can be arranged parallel to the screen of the mobile phone, so that the antenna can generate a normal electric field perpendicular to the human face surface.

[0108] Please refer to Figures 7 - 11e , Figure 7 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the first embodiment of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 is a schematic top view structure diagram of the first embodiment of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present application; Figures 9a - 9cThis is the equivalent circuit diagram of the CRLH of the antenna in the embodiment of the present application. Among them, Figure 9a is the left-handed circuit, Figure 9b is the right-handed circuit, Figure 9c is the composite left- and right-handed circuit; Figure 10 This is the schematic diagram of the current, electric field, and equivalent magnetic current distribution of the antenna in the embodiment of the present application; Figures 11a - 11e This is the schematic diagram of the distribution of the feeding part and the radiation unit of the antenna in the embodiment of the present application.

[0109] As Figures 5 - 8 shown, the antenna 200 includes a radiator 3, and the radiator 3 is disposed at a relative interval from the floor 21 in the first direction z. Those skilled in the art can understand that the specific form of the radiator 3 is not limited. For example, it can be a metal sheet, a metal coating, a flexible circuit board, etc. disposed inside the housing of the electronic device 100. The metal coating can be sprayed on the inner or outer surface of the housing through PDS (Printed Direct Structure) or LDS (Laser Direct Structure) processes. The radiator 3 can also be the conductive structure or conductive area of the housing itself, or it can also be a metal layer in the PCB board. This application will not list them one by one.

[0110] Further, the radiator 3 includes a feeding part 31 and a plurality of radiation units 32 disposed on one side of the feeding part 31 along the second direction y. Among them, the first direction z is perpendicular to the second direction y. The first direction z can be, for example, the thickness direction of the ear rod 2, and the second direction y can be, for example, the length direction of the radiator 3. The feeding part 31 is connected to the feeding point 221. The feeding point 221 can be understood as a signal output end of the radio frequency source. For example, it can be the output pin of the radio frequency chip, or it can also be one end of the signal transmission line for connecting to the radio frequency source. As long as it can be electrically connected to the radio frequency source through the feeding point 221 and receive radio frequency signals, it does not deviate from the scope of this embodiment. It should be noted that the specific setting position of the feeding point is not limited. In one example, the feeding point 221 is located in the wiring layer 22 of the PCB board. Among them, Figure 7 the position of the feeding point 221 in the figure is only for illustration and does not represent the actual position.

[0111] In one embodiment, the feeding part 31 is provided with a feeding connection point 311, and the feeding connection point 311 is connected to the feeding point 221 through a feeding member 41. The feeding member 41 can be, for example, a conductive member, a spring pin, a transmission line, etc. This application does not limit this.

[0112] As Figures 5 - 8As shown, a plurality of radiation units 32 are periodically arranged in the second direction y, and each radiation unit 32 includes a radiation body 33, and the radiation body 33 is provided with a hollow structure 34 to form a non-linear strip radiator 35 on the radiation body 33, and the radiation body 33 is grounded. In one embodiment, the radiation body 33 is provided with a ground connection point 321, and the radiation body 33 is grounded through the ground connection point 321. In one embodiment, the ground connection point 321 is connected to the floor 21 or the conductive member 11 through a grounding member 42, and the grounding member 42 can be, for example, a conductive member, a spring foot, a short-circuit branch, etc., and the present application does not limit this. One end of the grounding member 42 is connected to the ground connection point 321, and the other end can be connected to the floor 21 ( Figure 7 Schematic scene), can also be connected to the conductive member of the ear cap 1 (refer to Figure 14 ), this application does not limit this.

[0113] The antenna 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the radiator 3 includes a feed part 31 and a plurality of radiating units 32, and the plurality of radiating units 32 are arranged on one side of the feed part 31 and are arranged periodically. The periodic arrangement means that the plurality of radiating units 32 repeat and circulate continuously according to a certain rule. Or it can be understood that the structure of each radiating unit 32 is the same, and the plurality of radiating units 32 are distributed according to a certain rule to form a periodic structure. The specific number of radiating units 32 is not limited. Figures 11a - 11d As shown, in one embodiment, the radiator 3 includes two radiating units 32. Figure 11e As shown, in one embodiment, the radiator 3 includes three radiating units 32. In other alternative embodiments, the radiator 3 may also include 4, 5 or more radiating units 32, which is not limited in the present application. The arrangement of the radiating units 32 is not limited. In one embodiment, a plurality of radiating units 32 may be arranged in sequence along the second direction y. The plurality of radiating units 32 may also be arranged in other ways as long as a periodic structure can be formed. The radiating body 33 of each radiating unit 32 is grounded and is formed with a non-linear strip radiator 35. The strip radiator 35 is non-linear as a whole (for example, a curved or bent shape) to increase its electrical length.

[0114] like Figures 9a - 9c As shown, with this structure, the antenna 200 and the floor 21 can be understood as forming a CRLH (Composite Right and Left Handed Transmission Line), so that when the antenna 200 is close to the human body, a normal electric field perpendicular to the human body surface can be generated between the antenna 200 and the floor 21. Specifically, the right-hand capacitor C of the equivalent circuit in the composite left-hand transmission line structure is formed between the antenna 200 and the floor 21. R, the strip radiator 35 in each radiation unit 32 is a right-handed inductor L R , the right-handed inductor L R (radiation body 33) forms a left-handed inductor L after being grounded L , that is, the grounding member 42 for grounding the radiation body 33 is the left-handed inductor L L .

[0115] As Figure 10 shown, by arranging multiple radiation units 32 in a periodic manner, the four ends of the antenna 200 are opened. Or it can be understood that the grounding connection point 321 is located in the middle of the antenna radiator 3, rather than at the edge of the radiator 3, so that a closed-loop equivalent magnetic current is formed around the radiator 3, rather than being disconnected at the grounded position. Therefore, when the antenna 200 is close to the human body, a uniform polarization electric field perpendicular to the human body surface is generated (this polarization electric field is also perpendicular to the floor 21 and the radiator 3, and this polarization electric field can also be called a normal electric field), and it will not diverge around the grounding member 42 (that is, it can reduce or avoid the generation of a tangential electric field between the human body and the antenna 200 when the antenna 200 is close to the human body), thereby reducing the amount of energy absorbed by the human body from the radiation of the antenna 200, more energy is radiated by the antenna 200, and the efficiency of the antenna 200 is improved.

[0116] It can be seen that the antenna 200 provided by the embodiment of the present application can reduce the amount of energy absorbed by the human body from the radiation of the antenna 200 and improve the efficiency of the antenna 200.

[0117] Those skilled in the art can understand that the equivalent circuit of the CRLH structure is an auxiliary circuit for analyzing the principle of this solution. It is not necessary to form a complete CRLH structure equivalent circuit between the antenna 200 and the floor 21. As long as it conforms to some characteristics of the CRLH structure equivalent circuit, it is within the protection scope of the present application. As Figures 9a - 9c shown, the CRLH structure equivalent circuit generally includes a left-handed capacitor C L , a left-handed inductor L L , a right-handed capacitor C R , a right-handed inductor L R . Among them, the right-handed capacitor C R is formed by connecting a capacitor in parallel in the circuit, and the right-handed capacitor C R is naturally formed between the antenna 200 and the floor 21. The right-handed inductor L R is formed by connecting an inductor in series in the circuit. The strip radiator 35 on the radiation body 33 is to connect an inductor in series in the circuit, so it can be regarded as the right-handed inductor L R . The left-handed inductor L L is formed by connecting an inductor in parallel in the circuit. By using the grounding member 42 to ground the radiation body 33, the grounding member 42 can be regarded as the left-handed inductor L L。The radiation element 32 includes a strip radiator 35 and a ground connection point 321, that is, the radiation element 32 includes a right-handed inductor L R and a left-handed inductor L L , which is the key for the antenna 200 of this application to form a closed-loop equivalent magnetic current and generate a normal electric field perpendicular to the floor 21. The left-handed capacitor C L is formed by connecting capacitors in series in the circuit. The CRLH circuit of this application may or may not have a left-handed capacitor C L , and this application does not limit this L .

[0118] As Figure 8 、 Figure 11a shown, in one embodiment, a second slot 362 is provided on the radiator 3, and the second slot 362 is located between any two adjacent radiation elements 32. It can be understood that the entire radiator 3 increases the inductance through a non-linear shape (for example, a bent or folded shape) at the position of the strip radiator 35, and a second slot 362 is provided between adjacent radiation elements 32 to form a left-handed capacitor C L , and the left-handed capacitor C L cooperates with the right-handed inductor L R to adjust the inductance of the entire radiator 3 to the required value according to the needs of the product. As Figures 11b - 11e shown, the second slot 362 may not be provided on the radiator 3, for example, the inductance of the radiator 3 can be adjusted to the required value directly through parameters such as the shape and size of the strip radiator 35

[0119] As Figure 8 、 Figure 11b 、 Figure 11d shown, in one embodiment, a first slot 361 is provided on the radiator 3, and the first slot 361 is located between the feeding part 31 and the plurality of radiation elements 32. The first slot 361 disconnects the feeding part 31 from each radiation element 32, and it can be used to adjust the impedance matching, which will be specifically described in combination with the efficiency curve of the antenna 200 later and will not be elaborated here. As Figure 11a 、 Figure 11c 、 Figure 11e shown, the first slot 361 may not be provided between the feeding part 31 and each radiator 3, and this application does not limit this

[0120] As Figure 11bAs shown, in one embodiment, there is also a radiating element section 37 between the feeding section 31 and each radiating element 32. Or it can be understood that the distance between the feeding section 31 and the radiating element 32 is relatively far. It can be understood that there is no clear boundary between the feeding section 31 and multiple radiating elements 32, nor between each radiating element 32. In the radiator 3, the area where the feeding connection point 311 is located is the feeding section 31, and each strip-shaped radiator 35 and the corresponding grounding connection point 321 are located in the area of one radiating element 32. In the figure, the boundaries between each radiating element 32 are divided by dotted lines. In order to reflect the periodicity of the arrangement of the radiating elements 32, each radiating element 32 is divided into the same size. When the distance between the feeding section 31 and each radiating element 32 is relatively far, there will be Figure 11b a situation where there is a radiating element section 37 between the feeding section 31 and the radiating element 32. In fact, the radiating element section 37 can also be regarded as a straight-line-shaped radiator, and its electrical length is shorter than that of the strip-shaped radiator 35, but it can still form a certain right-handed inductance L R . As Figure 11a , Figures 11c - 11e shown, in an alternative embodiment, the feeding section 31 is directly adjacent to multiple radiating elements 32, and no radiating element section 37 is provided therebetween. The present application does not limit this.

[0121] Those skilled in the art can understand that the specific positions of the feeding section 31 and each radiating element 32 in the radiator 3 are not limited, as long as each radiating element 32 is located on one side of the feeding section 31 in the second direction y. As Figures 11a - 11c , Figure 11e shown, in one embodiment, along the second direction y, the feeding section 31 is arranged at one end of the radiator 3, and a radiating element 32 far from the feeding section 31 is located at the other end of the radiator 3. Or it can be understood that the radiator 3 farthest from the feeding section 31 is located at the end of the radiator 3 in the second direction y (the end here should be understood in the physical sense and not the closed end. The grounding position of the radiator 3 in the present application does not constitute a closed end). As Figure 11d shown, in one embodiment, the end of the radiator 3 far from the feeding section 31 may also include a radiating element section 38, that is, there is a certain distance between the radiating element 32 farthest from the feeding section 31 and the edge of the radiator 3.

[0122] Those skilled in the art can understand that the specific shape of the radiator 3 is not limited. As Figures 5 - 7As shown, in one embodiment, the radiator 3 is a sheet radiator. On the first plane M, the projection of the radiator 3 coincides at least partially with the projection of the floor 21, where the first plane M is perpendicular to the first direction z. Or it can be understood that at least a part of the radiator 3 is located directly above the floor 21 in the first direction z. The at least partial coincidence can be a complete coincidence or a partial coincidence. In one embodiment, on the first plane M, the projection of the radiator 3 coincides completely with the projection of the floor 21, so that the normal electric field distribution generated by the antenna 200 is in each area of the floor 21, making full use of the space.

[0123] As Figure 8 shown, in one embodiment, the feed connection point 311 is set at the middle position of the feed part 31 in the third direction x, and the ground connection point 321 is set at the middle position of the radiation body 33 in the third direction x. The first direction z, the second direction y, and the third direction x are perpendicular to each other in pairs. In an example scenario, the whole radiator 3 is rectangular, that is, the projection of the radiator 3 on the first plane M is rectangular, the length direction of the rectangle is the second direction y, the width direction is the third direction x, and the feed connection point 311 and each ground connection point 321 are both located at the central axis in the length direction of the rectangle. Adopting this scheme, the normal electric field generated by the antenna 200 is more uniform, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of the antenna 200. In other alternative embodiments, the feed connection point 311 and the ground connection point 321 can also be set at positions close to the edge of the radiator 3 in the third direction x, and the present application does not limit this.

[0124] Those skilled in the art can understand that the installation direction of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 100 is not limited. As Figure 4b shown, in one embodiment, in the second direction y, the feed part 31 is located at the end of the radiator 3 far from the ear cap 1, and in the first direction z, the radiator 3 is located on the side of the floor 21 far from the ear cap 1. Adopting this structure, the radiation unit 32 is closer to the ear cap 1, which is convenient for connecting the radiation unit 32 to the conductive member 11 in the ear cap 1. In an alternative embodiment, the feed part 31 can also be located at the end of the radiator 3 close to the ear cap 1, and the present application does not limit this.

[0125] Those skilled in the art can understand that the specific shape of the strip radiator 35 is not limited, as long as it is non-linear, it can achieve the purpose of increasing the electrical length and increasing the right-handed inductance L R . The following illustrates several shapes with reference to the drawings.

[0126] Please refer to Figures 12 - 13 , Figure 12 which is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the second embodiment of the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present application; Figure 13This is a top - view structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the antenna in the embodiments of the present application.

[0127] As Figures 5 - 8 , Figures 12 - 13 shown, in one embodiment, in the radiation body 33 of each radiation unit 32, the hollow structure 34 is arranged as a spiral slit, and the strip - shaped radiator 35 is in a spiral structure. Among them, the hollow structure 34 can be a square spiral slit (as Figures 5 - 8 shown) or a circular spiral slit (as Figures 12 - 13 shown). Correspondingly, the strip - shaped radiator 35 is a square spiral structure 351 or a circular spiral structure 352. In other alternative embodiments, the hollow structure 34 can also be a triangular spiral slit, an irregular spiral slit, etc., and the strip - shaped radiator 35 is a corresponding triangular spiral structure, irregular spiral structure, etc. The present application does not limit this.

[0128] As Figures 5 - 8 , Figures 12 - 13 shown, in one embodiment, the ground connection point 321 is located at the center of the spiral structure. In other alternative embodiments, the ground connection point 321 can also be located at other positions, such as around the spiral structure, as long as the ground connection point 321 is within the radiation unit 32 where it is located. The present application does not limit this.

[0129] Please refer to Figures 14 - 15 , Figure 14 This is a three - dimensional structural schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the electronic device in the embodiments of the present application; Figure 15 This is a top - view structural schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the antenna in the embodiments of the present application.

[0130] As Figures 14 - 15 shown, in one embodiment, in the radiation body 33 of each radiation unit 32, the strip - shaped radiator 35 is in a wave - like structure. Among them, the wave - like structure can be a square - wave structure 353, a sine - wave structure, a triangular - wave structure, a saw - tooth - wave structure, etc. The present application does not limit this.

[0131] As Figures 14 - 15As shown, in one embodiment, the wavy structure is a square wave structure 353. Specifically, the radiation body 33 includes a first edge 331 and a second edge 332 that are opposite to each other in the third direction x. The hollow structure 34 includes a plurality of first strip-shaped slots 341 and a plurality of second strip-shaped slots 342. The plurality of first strip-shaped slots 341 and the plurality of second strip-shaped slots 342 correspond to each other one by one and are arranged crosswise along the second direction y. Each of the plurality of first strip-shaped slots 341 extends from the first edge 331 of the radiation body 33 to a position close to the second edge 332 along the third direction x, and each of the plurality of second strip-shaped slots 342 extends from the second edge 332 of the radiation body 33 to a position close to the first edge 331 along the third direction x, so that the strip-shaped radiator 35 has a square wave structure 353. Among them, the number of the first strip-shaped slots 341 and the second strip-shaped slots 342 on each radiation body 33 is not limited, and the numbers of the two can be the same or different, which is not limited in this application. In one embodiment, each radiation body 33 includes three first strip-shaped slots 341 and three second strip-shaped slots 342 that intersect each other. In other alternative embodiments, three first strip-shaped slots 341 and two second strip-shaped slots 342 can also be provided in each radiation unit 32, etc., which is not limited in this application.

[0132] As Figures 14 - 15 shown, in one embodiment, the ground connection point 321 is arranged at one end of the wavy structure away from the feeding part 31 in the second direction y. In other alternative embodiments, the ground connection point 321 can also be located inside the wavy structure (for example, between the strip-shaped slots), or at one end of the wavy structure close to the feeding part 31, which is not limited in this application.

[0133] Those skilled in the art can understand that the processing method of the hollow structure 34 is not limited. In one embodiment, the antenna 200 is an LDS antenna, and the LDS process is used to form the hollow structure 34 on the radiator 3 by grooving on a metal sheet.

[0134] Through the above description, the structure and principle of the antenna 200 provided by this application have been generally described. In order to better show the contribution of the antenna 200 of this application to reducing the human body radiation absorption amount and improving the efficiency, simulation and experimental calculations are made for several headphone models, and the electric field distribution diagram and efficiency curve diagram of the antenna 200 are obtained. The following is a further explanation.

[0135] The simulation experiment involves 4 specific models, which are respectively:

[0136] 1. Figure 1 The headphone model with a traditional PIFA antenna is used in [reference], and this model is used as a control group and compared with the headphone model with the antenna 200 of this application. This model will be simply referred to as the control model in the following text.

[0137] 2、 Figures 4b - 6 In the headphone model shown, the strip radiator 3 is a square spiral structure 351. A first gap 361 is provided between the feeding part 31 and the radiator 3, and a second gap 362 is provided between two radiation units 32. It is hereinafter simply referred to as the square spiral model.

[0138] 3、 Figures 12 - 13 In the headphone model shown, the strip radiator 3 is a circular spiral structure 352. A first gap 361 is provided between the feeding part 31 and the radiator 3. It is hereinafter simply referred to as the circular spiral model.

[0139] 4、 Figures 14 - 15 In the headphone model shown, the strip radiator 3 is a square wave structure 353. A first gap 361 is provided between the feeding part 31 and the radiator 3. It is hereinafter simply referred to as the square wave model.

[0140] Please refer to Figures 16a - 16d , Figures 16a - 16d which is the electric field simulation diagram of the first embodiment of the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0141] The simulation software is used to perform simulation analysis on the square spiral model under the head model respectively, and the Figures 16a - 16d shown simulation effect diagram is obtained. As Figure 8 shown, the radiator 3 is a rectangular sheet radiator 3. In the plane perpendicular to the first direction z, a coordinate system is established with the midpoint of the rectangle as the origin. Four sections are divided along the edges of the rectangle at the positions of x = 3, x = -3, y = 10, and y = -10 respectively, and Figures 16a - 16d four electric field distribution diagrams are correspondingly obtained. It can be seen that no matter which section it is, the electric field near the head model is a normal electric field. Therefore, the antenna 200 of the present application can generate a normal electric field perpendicular to the floor 21 and reduce the absorption amount of the radiation energy of the antenna 200 by the human body.

[0142] Please refer to Figures 17a - 19 , Figure 17a which is the efficiency comparison diagram between the first embodiment of the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present application and a headphone in the head model; Figure 17b which is the radiation efficiency comparison diagram between the first embodiment of the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present application and a headphone in free space; Figure 18 which is the efficiency comparison diagram between the second embodiment of the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present application and a headphone in the head model; Figure 19 which is the efficiency comparison diagram between the third embodiment of the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present application and a headphone in the head model.

[0143] The efficiency curves of the three models of this application are compared with those of the control model. Using the method of controlling variables, the radiator in each model is a sheet-shaped rectangular structure with a length of 20 mm and a width of 6 mm. The distance between the radiator and the floor is 1.5 mm, and all operate in the Bluetooth frequency band of 2.45 GHz. It should be noted that this application does not limit the size of the radiator 3, the distance between the radiator 3 and the floor 21, or the operating frequency band of the antenna 200. The above parameters are only for example.

[0144] As Figure 17a shown, the efficiency of the antenna includes radiation efficiency and system efficiency. Among them, the radiation efficiency reaches the peak or is close to the peak at the operating frequency of the antenna, and the radiation efficiency determines the potential of the antenna. The system efficiency first rises and then falls as the antenna frequency increases. When the system efficiency curve just reaches the highest point and coincides with the radiation efficiency curve at the operating frequency, the antenna reaches the best operating mode. Generally speaking, due to the existence of echo loss, the overall system efficiency curve of the antenna is below the radiation efficiency curve, but the resonant frequency can be adjusted and the echo loss can be reduced by adjusting capacitors, inductors, etc., so that the system efficiency of the antenna coincides with the radiation efficiency curve at the operating frequency. This is also the result of the combined action of parameters such as the shape of the first slot 361, the second slot 362, and the strip radiator 35 on the radiator 3. Therefore, the specific shape of the strip radiator 35 and whether to set the first slot 361 and the second slot 362 should be determined according to the specific design of the product, and this application does not limit this.

[0145] As Figure 17a shown, it can be seen from the figure that the radiation efficiency and system efficiency (-8 dB) of the square spiral model in the Bluetooth frequency band are both above those of the control model (-10 dB). Therefore, compared with the traditional PIFA antenna, the antenna 200 of this application has higher efficiency in the head model scenario. As Figure 17b shown, in free space, the radiation efficiency of the square spiral model of this application in the Bluetooth frequency band is also above that of the control model. Therefore, compared with the traditional PIFA antenna, the antenna 200 of this application also has higher efficiency in free space.

[0146] As Figure 18 shown, similarly, the efficiency curves of the circular spiral model and the control model are compared. The radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the circular spiral model in the Bluetooth frequency band are both above those of the control model. Therefore, compared with the traditional PIFA antenna, the antenna 200 of this application has higher efficiency.

[0147] As Figure 19 shown, the efficiency curves of the square wave model and the control model are compared. The radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the square wave model in the Bluetooth frequency band are both above those of the control model. Therefore, compared with the traditional PIFA antenna, the antenna 200 of this application has higher efficiency.

[0148] As can be seen from the above simulation data, the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application can reduce the amount of energy absorbed by the human body from the antenna 200 and improve the antenna efficiency.

[0149] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalent technologies, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An antenna, comprising a radiator, the radiator being spaced apart from a floor in a first direction, characterized in that, the radiator includes a feeding portion and a plurality of radiation units disposed on one side of the feeding portion along a second direction, the feeding portion being connected to a feeding point; wherein, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; the plurality of radiation units are arranged periodically in the second direction, and each radiation unit among the plurality of radiation units includes a radiation body, the radiation body being provided with a hollow structure to form a strip-shaped radiator in a non-linear shape on the radiation body, and the radiation body is grounded.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the radiation body of each radiation unit, the hollow structure is arranged as a spiral slot, and the strip-shaped radiator is in a spiral structure.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: the spiral slot is a square spiral slot, and the spiral structure is a square spiral structure; or, the spiral slot is a circular spiral slot, and the spiral structure is a circular spiral structure.

4. The antenna according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, the radiation body is provided with a grounding connection point, the grounding connection point is located at the center of the spiral structure, and the radiation body is grounded through the grounding connection point.

5. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the radiation body of each radiation unit, the strip-shaped radiator is in a wave structure, and the wave structure is one of a square wave structure, a sine wave structure, a triangular wave structure, and a sawtooth wave structure.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, the wave structure is a square wave structure; the radiation body includes a first edge and a second edge opposite to each other in a third direction, wherein, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other in pairs; the hollow structure includes a plurality of first strip-shaped grooves and a plurality of second strip-shaped grooves, the plurality of first strip-shaped grooves and the plurality of second strip-shaped grooves correspond to each other one by one and are arranged crosswise along the second direction, each first strip-shaped groove among the plurality of first strip-shaped grooves extends from the first edge of the radiation body to a position close to the second edge along the third direction, and each second strip-shaped groove among the plurality of second strip-shaped grooves extends from the second edge of the radiation body to a position close to the first edge along the third direction, so that the strip-shaped radiator is in a square wave structure.

7. The antenna according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, the radiation body is provided with a grounding connection point, the grounding connection point is arranged at one end of the wave structure away from the feeding portion in the second direction, and the radiation body is grounded through the grounding connection point.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, the second direction is the length direction of the radiator; along the second direction, the feeding portion is arranged at one end of the radiator, and one radiation unit among the plurality of radiation units away from the feeding portion is located at the other end of the radiator.

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: A first slot is provided on the radiator, and the first slot is located between the feeding part and the plurality of radiation units; A second slot is provided on the radiator, and the second slot is located between any two adjacent radiation units among the plurality of radiation units.

10. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the radiator is a sheet radiator; On a first plane, the projection of the radiator coincides at least partially with the projection of the floor, wherein the first plane is perpendicular to the first direction; The feeding part is provided with a feeding connection point, the feeding connection point is connected to the feeding point, and the feeding connection point is arranged at the middle position of the feeding part in the third direction; when the radiation body of each radiation unit is provided with a grounding connection point, the grounding connection point is arranged at the middle position of the radiation body in the third direction; wherein, the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other in pairs.

11. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that the plurality of radiation units are two radiation units.

12. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that the antenna and the floor form a composite right / left-handed transmission line structure; wherein, a right-handed capacitance is formed between the radiator and the floor; the strip-shaped radiators of each radiation unit form right-handed inductors; when the radiation body of each radiation unit is provided with a grounding connection point, the grounding connection point is grounded through a grounding piece, and the grounding piece forms a left-handed inductor; when a second slot is provided on the radiator, the second slot forms a left-handed capacitance.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that it includes the antenna according to any one of claims 1-12.

14. The electronic device according to claim 13, characterized in that the electronic device is a headset, the headset includes an ear tip and an ear rod, one end of the ear rod is connected to the ear tip, and the antenna is arranged in the ear rod; In the second direction, the feeding part is located at one end of the radiator away from the ear tip, and in the first direction, the radiator is located on one side of the floor away from the ear tip.

15. The electronic device according to claim 14, characterized in that a circuit board is arranged in the ear rod, and the floor is formed on the grounding layer of the circuit board; a conductive member is arranged in the ear tip, the conductive member is connected to the grounding layer of the circuit board, and when the radiation body of each radiation unit is provided with a grounding connection point, the grounding connection point is connected to the floor or the conductive member through a grounding piece.

16. The electronic device according to any one of claims 13-15, characterized in that the radiator is one of a metal sheet, a metal coating, a flexible circuit board, and a metal layer on a printed circuit board provided in the housing of the electronic device.

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