Water pipe

Abstract

The present application discloses an electronic water pipe comprising a heating chamber configured to heat a consumable product in use. The heating chamber has an air inlet to allow air to be inhaled over the consumable product. The controller is configured to control heating of the consumable product in the heating chamber according to a predetermined heating profile over a period of use time, wherein the predetermined heating profile varies over time. The heating profile may be in the form of a series of heating stages. A sensor on the water pipe detects discrete active use events, such as inhalation events, initiated by a user of the device, and a controller is configured to vary heating of the heating chamber in response to detecting the active use events. The sensor may be a bubble sensor, such as an accelerometer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an electronic water pipe and an associated heating system. Background Art

[0002] WO 2015 / 172224 shows a prior art hookah device. The device includes an electrically heated heating chamber at its upper end, which is configured to receive a capsule including a smoking product. A user of the device inhales through a hose and draws air into the capsule. The air entrains the smoking product, and the smoking product enters a water tank provided at the lower end of the device through a conduit. The smoking product passes through water and enters the tank, and reaches the user through the hose. Thus, the device functions similarly to a conventional hookah pipe, however, the heating of the smoking product is electronically controlled.

[0003] The device includes a pressure sensor configured to detect the user's inhalation. The pressure sensor includes a passage connected to the smoking chamber to determine the pressure in the smoking chamber. The device can accordingly control the heating of the heating chamber. The inventors have found a number of problems with the prior art inhalation sensing devices.

[0004] Before the hookah product is used up in other areas of the capsule, the hookah product can burn in the area near the heated wall of the capsule. This can, for example, reduce the user's experience at a later stage of use for a period of time, and can result in, for example, inefficient / incomplete consumption of the hookah product. Resulting in waste or a short desired usage period.

[0005] Hookah products typically produce a viscous or sticky material, which coats the walls of the device after prolonged use. This can block or otherwise restrict the passage, thereby affecting the accuracy of the pressure sensor. If the inlet or other airflow paths in the system are partially blocked, then a small inhalation by the user can result in a large pressure drop. Although the flow rate is actually limited by the obstruction, the pressure sensor can interpret a large pressure as a large flow rate through the system. The overall configuration of the system also means that during inhalation, due to the formation of bubbles through the conduit, the smoking chamber experiences a pressure drop before the airflow is initiated through the heating chamber. Thus, the airflow through the heating chamber lags behind the detected pressure drop, thereby reducing the accuracy of the system. Fluctuations in the temperature of the airflow can also affect the pressure measurement value, thus making it difficult to determine the flow rate. Therefore, it can be seen that sensing the pressure in the device provides a sub-optimal means to detect the user's inhalation.

[0006] In addition, it has been proposed that electronic water pipe devices can be used to vaporize various different compositions in order to deliver vapor / aerosol to the user. Each such consumable product can behave differently when heated, and thus, the problem is that the user achieves an uneven experience depending on the type of product used.

[0007] The object of the present invention is to overcome or improve one or more of the above problems and to provide an improved inhalation detection system. Summary of the Invention

[0008] According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic water pipe, the electronic water pipe comprising: a heating chamber configured to heat a consumable product in use, the heating chamber comprising: an air inlet allowing air to be drawn above the consumable product; and a controller configured to control the heating of the consumable product in the heating chamber according to a predetermined heating curve during a use period, wherein the predetermined heating curve varies over time.

[0009] Typically, the water pipe includes a coolant reservoir in fluid communication with the heating chamber to cool the air allowed to be drawn above the consumable product. The coolant reservoir is usually located downstream of the heating chamber.

[0010] The use period may include different phases, for example sequentially over the period. The order of the phases may be predetermined.

[0011] The heating curve may include a temperature and / or power curve. The heating curve may include a maximum temperature and / or power curve. One or more control parameters of the electric heater of the water pipe may be controlled accordingly, such as current, power or signal control.

[0012] The predetermined heating curve may vary according to different use phases, including two or more of the following: an initial warming-up phase, a normal consumption phase, and a controlled temperature drop phase. The warming-up phase may be controlled to achieve a different (i.e., higher or lower) temperature than the normal temperature phase and / or the controlled drop phase. The warming-up phase may have a different power or maximum power setting than the normal consumption and / or controlled drop phases.

[0013] The curve may include a temperature that is substantially constant during the normal use phase.

[0014] The controlled drop phase may include a later stage of the predetermined heating curve. The controlled drop phase may include a gradual or progressive temperature decrease.

[0015] The predetermined curve may include a default or background heating curve for heating or temperature regulation of the consumable product by the controller over the use period.

[0016] The water pipe may include a sensor configured to detect a discrete active use event initiated by a user of the device, wherein the controller is configured to change the heating of the heating chamber in response to detecting the active use event during the period. The sensor is typically not a temperature sensor, for example, independent of or additionally independent of a temperature sensor.

[0017] Discrete usage events can include events that cause negative pressure inside the water pipe, such as in the heating chamber and / or coolant reservoir. Discrete usage events can include an air / vapor flow through the water pipe (e.g., through the heating chamber and / or coolant reservoir). Discrete usage events can include user input indicating any such event or precluding any such event.

[0018] The period of use can include a usage period. The usage period can include greater than 1 minute, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 30 minutes, or 40 minutes. The usage period can include up to or greater than 1 hour. The duration of any individual stage can be at least one minute.

[0019] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic water pipe comprising: a heating chamber configured to heat a consumable product in use, the heating chamber including: an air inlet to allow air to be drawn above the consumable product; a coolant reservoir in fluid communication with the heating chamber to allow the air drawn over the consumable product to be cooled; a controller configured to control the heating of the consumable product in the heating chamber; and a vibration sensor arranged to detect the formation of bubbles in the coolant reservoir.

[0020] The vibration sensor can include a motion sensor such as an inertial sensor, an accelerometer, etc.

[0021] The controller can control the heating of the consumable product at least in part based on the output of the vibration sensor.

[0022] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a water pipe as defined in appended claim 1. Optional features are defined in the appended claims.

[0023] According to another aspect, there is provided a controller for an electronic water pipe comprising machine-readable instructions for operating the water pipe according to any other aspect of the present invention. According to another aspect, there is provided a data carrier or data storage medium including machine-readable instructions for controlling an electronic water pipe according to any other aspect of the present invention.

[0024] Where feasible, in combination with any other aspect of the present invention, optional features defined in any one aspect of the present invention can also be provided.

[0025] The rate of change of the thermal energy of the consumable product is controlled to prevent combustion, i.e., to control the power, which can be different from controlling the maximum or desired / target temperature of the consumable product. By ensuring that the specific heat conductivity of the consumable product is taken into account and controlling the power accordingly, it has been found that combustion of the consumable product can be avoided while ensuring complete consumption. Description of the Drawings

[0026] The workable embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0027] Figure 1 A three-dimensional view of a water pipe and a cross-sectional view of an associated capsule are shown;

[0028] Figure 2 A side view of the water pipe is shown;

[0029] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the water pipe is shown;

[0030] Figure 4 A three-dimensional view of a heater with a capsule, a data carrier, and a reader is shown;

[0031] Figure 5 Shows Figure 4 a plan view of the arrangement of;

[0032] Figure 6 A heating curve implemented by the water pipe is shown;

[0033] Figure 7 An alternative heating curve is shown;

[0034] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the data structure of the heating curve is shown;

[0035] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the data sampling arrangement for the heating curve is shown;

[0036] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the data structure of the data sample is shown;

[0037] Figure 11 and Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the reconstructed heating curve is shown;

[0038] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the smoothed heating curve is shown;

[0039] Figure 14 Steps for processing sensor data to determine usage events are shown;

[0040] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of a bubble / vibration curve indicating what can be used by the user to infer an inhalation event is shown;

[0041] Figure 16 A schematic arrangement of the communication between the sensors, the controller, and the heater of the device is shown; and

[0042] Figure 17A schematic diagram showing the thermal output of the heater in the boosting state. Detailed implementation

[0043] Figure 1 and Figure 2 A water pipe (e.g., a hookah device) 2 is shown in. Generally, the device 2 is configured to heat a consumable / evaporable product 3 to allow a user to inhale the product.

[0044] The consumable product can include any suitable form. In this example, the consumable product is provided in a capsule 40 (shown in Figure 1 ). The consumable product 3 can include any suitable form or composition. The consumable product includes a "fog generating substance". The fog generating substance is configured to produce a cloud when evaporated. The fog generating substance includes a volatile material that is configured to provide a light-scattering cloud in a vaporized state. The fog generating substance can contain, for example, a polyol.

[0045] The consumable product can include a sweetening agent. The sweetening agent can include a carbohydrate sweetening agent, a disaccharide, a polysaccharide, and / or a mixture having one or more artificial or natural sugars. The sweetening agent can include one or more of the following: molasses; invert syrup; corn (maize) syrup; maple syrup; golden syrup; honey, etc. In some embodiments, the sweetening agent includes high fructose corn syrup (also known as glucose-fructose isoglucose and glucose-fructose syrup).

[0046] The consumable product can contain a flavoring agent. The flavoring agent can contain one or more of the following: mint; such as peppermint oil and spearmint; chocolate; licorice; citrus and other fruit flavorings; γ-octalactone; vanillin; ethyl vanillin; or a freshness-improving flavoring agent. The flavoring agent can contain a spice flavoring agent, a plant extract, or an essential oil. The flavoring agent can contain a food-based or fruit-based flavoring agent. The above sweetening agent can include examples of flavoring agents, but both a sweetening agent and another flavoring agent can be provided.

[0047] The consumable product, such as its flavoring agent, can contain a stimulant.

[0048] In some embodiments, the stimulant is provided by a plant-based extract that forms part of the flavoring agent. The plant extract can include one or more of the following: coffee; black tea; green tea; matcha; mate; kola nut; cocoa; ginseng, or guarana. In other embodiments, the stimulant can contain an additive provided in addition to the flavoring agent.

[0049] The product may include a colorant. The colorant may provide color to the product 30 and / or smoke. The colorant includes food, drug, or cosmetic-safe colorants. The colorant includes water-soluble colorants. The colorant includes plant-based colorants such as one or more of: beet juice; brazilwood; caramel; carminic acid; litmus; logwood; orcein; or saffron. In some embodiments, the colorant includes artificial colorants.

[0050] In certain embodiments, the cocoa consumption product includes a hookah or The cocoa consumption product may include tobacco or a tobacco substitute, which may be shredded or otherwise micronized and mixed with any of the above consumption products. The consumption product may be provided as a viscous semi-solid. The consumption product may include a nicotine component, additives, and / or substitutes.

[0051] The capsule containing the consumption product is configured to be heated by the device 2. The device 2 may be a portable or hand-held tabletop device.

[0052] The device includes a head 4. The head 4 is configured to receive the consumption product capsule in use. The device 2 generally receives the capsule on or with the head 4. The head 4 is disposed at the upper end of the device in use. The head 4 includes a disc or lens / convex shape.

[0053] The device 2 includes a base portion 6. The base portion provides a reservoir, such as a container or tank for cooling liquid 8 (e.g., water). The base portion 6 is generally bulbous or rounded. The base portion 6 includes a flat lower surface 10 to ensure that the device 2 remains upright. The lower surface 10 may include gripping members (e.g., rubber pads). The base portion 6 includes a transparent material. This allows the user to ensure that the water level is correct. The base 6 may include glass. The base 6 may include a transparent polymer such as one or more of: acrylic (PMMA); butyrate; polycarbonate; PET; or PETG.

[0054] A neck 12 connects the base 6 and the head 4. The neck 12 tapers towards the head 4. The base portion 6 and the neck 12 may include a pear-shaped or tear-shaped form. The head 4 is wider than the neck 12 at their interface therebetween. The head 4 thus extends outwardly from the neck. The head 4 thus provides a flange or rim. The neck 12 provides a grip / handle for the user.

[0055] The neck 12 houses an electronic chamber, which will be described in detail later.

[0056] The head 4 and the neck 12 may be detached / separated from the base portion 6. Thus, the electronic chamber may be separated from the base 6. This allows access to the reservoir to add / remove the cooling liquid (water) therefrom.

[0057] The cross-section of the device 2 is generally circular (i.e., in the up-down direction). However, it will be understood that the device may include any suitable cross-sectional shape, such as: triangular, square, hexagonal, octagonal, semi-circular, crescent-shaped or other polygonal or complex shapes. The cross-sectional shape may vary along the axial length of the device 2. The device 2 includes a thermally and / or electrically insulating material. Typically, the device 2 includes a polymeric material.

[0058] The hose 14 is connected to the device 2. The hose 14 is removably attached. This allows the hose 14 to be cleaned and / or disassembled for storage. The hose 14 is received through a hole or slot 16 in the neck 12. The hose 14 is thus fluidly accommodated into the interior of the base 6. The hose 14 is mounted by an interference fit or a friction fit. The hose connector 18 and / or the hole 16 may include a high-friction material (e.g., rubber). The connector 18 tapers towards one of its ends. In other embodiments, the hose may be mounted to the device 2 via a fastener; a latch; threads; a notch / ratchet arrangement; a clamp or one or more of other suitable devices.

[0059] In some embodiments, the hose 14 may be connected to the device 2 via a snap fit or a tight fit. Typically, an elastically biased pawl is provided on the device 2 or the connector 18. The pawl is configured to snap fit correspondingly into a corresponding recess / groove on the connector 18 or the device 2. The pawl may be biased by a spring or the like. In some embodiments, the pawl may include an arcuate or annular ring. The pawl is received within a correspondingly shaped arcuate / annular recess.

[0060] The hose 14 is flexible. The hose 14 may include a flexible polymer. The hose 14 includes a mouthpiece 20. The mouthpiece 20 is removable / detachable from the hose 14. The mouthpiece 20 may include a removable cap or the like (e.g., to improve hygiene among multiple users).

[0061] The head 4 includes a cap 22 to provide an opening thereto. This allows the insertion of a consumable product capsule containing a smoking product. The cap 22 is pivotally / hingedly attached to the device 2. The cap 22 is provided at the upper end of the device 2. Thus, the consumable product is loaded into the upper end of the device. The cap 22 may or may not include a circular / annular shape in plan view.

[0062] As Figure 3As shown, the heater 24 is installed within the device 2. The heater 24 is installed within the electronics chamber 12 and / or the head 4. The heater 24 is configured to receive the capsule 40. The heater 24 heats the capsule to vaporize or otherwise disperse one or more components of the smoking product during use. The wall 26 of the heater 24 is shaped to define a heating chamber 24a that conforms to the shape of the capsule. In this example, the wall of the heater 24 is shaped to define the heating chamber 24a, and the heating chamber 24a conforms to the shape of the capsule. Thus, the capsule forms a tight fit with the heater 24 / chamber 24a during use, for example to achieve good thermal contact for heating the capsule and for preventing air from bypassing the capsule during use.

[0063] The wall 26 includes a concave shape. Generally, the wall 26 is trapezoidal or frustoconical.

[0064] The heater 24 encloses or surrounds the capsule during use. The heating chamber 24a thus forms an oven or chamber in which the capsule is received. The lid 22 closes the heating chamber 24a. Thus, the heating chamber is sealed / enclosed during use. One or more heating elements of the heater 24 may be provided on, within, and / or integrally formed with the wall 26 of the heating chamber 24. The heating chamber 24 includes a thermally conductive material (e.g., metal). Thus, during use, heat enters the capsule through the wall 26 of the heating chamber 24.

[0065] In other embodiments, the heating device is displaced from the heating chamber. For example, the heating device may surround or enclose the heating chamber or be spaced apart therefrom. The heating device may project or direct a beam or air flow into the heating chamber.

[0066] Generally, the heating device includes a resistive element (i.e., heated by an electric current flowing through the resistive element). The resistive element may be directly formed on or integrally formed with the wall 26 of the heating chamber 24a. However, any suitable device may be used to heat the heating chamber 24a and / or the capsule, such as one or more of the following: inductive heating; microwave heating; infrared heating; convective heating (e.g., by moving the heating element away from the wall 26 of the heating chamber); electronically controlled combustion heating (e.g., using gas or other fuel); and / or oil heating.

[0067] As in Figure 1Best seen in, lid 22 includes an air inlet 28 therein. Thus, the heating chamber 24a includes one or more air inlets 28 to allow air to enter the heating chamber. This air then mixes with the vaporized / heated product in the heating chamber 24a. The air inlet 28 allows passage through the lid 22 (i.e., the inlet 28 provides a passage through the lid 22). The air inlet 28 is provided in the central portion of the lid 22. The air inlet 28 is thus provided on the heating chamber and / or the capsule in use. The air inlet 28 may include a plurality of holes or perforations. The air inlet 28 may include a grille or mesh to prevent debris from entering the inlet 28.

[0068] The heater 24 can be controlled by electronics in the electronics chamber 12 (e.g., via a heater controller). The electronics may include a microcontroller / microprocessor; memory (volatile and / or non-volatile); and / or electrical regulation circuitry (e.g., a power limiter and / or controller). The electronics chamber 12 includes any suitable components for providing heating of the heater 24.

[0069] The device 2 may include a communication interface. The communication interface can be wired and / or wireless. The wired interface may include a USB or Ethernet interface (e.g., a USB port). The wireless interface may include an interface for communicating via one or more of Wifi; Bluetooth; NFC; infrared; cellular (e.g., GSM, 3G, 4G, 5G, etc.). The device 2 may include any suitable antenna for wireless communication.

[0070] The device includes a power source. The power source can supply power to the heater 24 (e.g., the heating element 25) and / or the heater controller. The power source can be mains-powered (e.g., via wires, etc.). Additionally or alternatively, the power source includes a battery, etc. The battery can be removable and / or rechargeable. The power transfer to the device 2 can be wireless. The battery can be wirelessly rechargeable.

[0071] A power switch 30, etc. can be provided. The device 2 and / or the heater 24 can thus be manually controlled (e.g., activated / deactivated). The switch may include a push switch or a touch interface.

[0072] The delivery of electrical power to the heater 24 (or an alternative heater according to other embodiments) is controlled by a controller according to aspects of the present invention. This will control the temperature of the consumable product 3 according to any thermal inertia caused by the thermal conductivity of the product 3, the capsule 40, and / or the heater 24. The heating power can be controlled by the control of current, voltage, resistance, pulse width modulation, or other conventional power control devices.

[0073] Device 2 includes indicator 32. The indicator includes a light (e.g., an LED). Indicator 32 can indicate the power level and / or its temperature to heater 24. Indicator 32 includes a series of lights. Thus, the number of illuminated lights can indicate the power level / temperature of heater 24. In some embodiments, indicator 32 can include a display, etc. The display can be interactive (e.g., a touch screen).

[0074] Heating chamber 24 is operably connected to coolant / water tank 6 via conduit 34. Heating chamber 24a and tank 6 are thus fluidly connected. Conduit 34 provides a tube, pipe, or passageway. Conduit 34 is typically sealed to / against heating chamber 24a to prevent air leakage therefrom. Conduit 34 extends into tank 6. Thus, conduit 34 extends into the coolant / water during use. The conduit can include a check valve to prevent backflow into heating chamber 24.

[0075] Conduit 34 passes through electronics chamber / neck 12. Conduit 34 thus seals or isolates heating chamber 24 and / or the product evaporated from the electronics chamber to prevent its contamination. The electronics chamber includes a cavity or hollow for receiving conduit 34. The cavity is fluidly isolated from heating chamber 24 and / or tank 6.

[0076] Accumulator 35 of the plurality of batteries surrounds or encloses conduit 34. This provides a compact configuration. Thus, conduit 34 passes through the accumulator arrangement or compartment. Typically, the accumulator includes a cylindrical battery-like arrangement. The batteries are arranged around the circumference of conduit 34. Between four and eight batteries can be used. In some embodiments, accumulator 35 is spaced from conduit 34 to reduce heat transfer therebetween. For example, accumulator 35 can be mounted to the housing of neck 12 or supported within a chassis, etc.

[0077] Conduit 34 includes diffuser 36. Diffuser 36 is typically provided at end 38 of conduit 34. The diffuser can include a plurality of holes or the like. End 38 of conduit 34 can be closed / sealed (i.e., such that all air passes through the diffuser). Alternatively, end 38 of conduit 34 can be open. End 38 can be narrowed or otherwise constricted. In use, air enters air inlet 28 and enters heating chamber 24. Then, the air entrains the evaporated smoking product in heating chamber 24. The air then enters conduit 34 and passes through the coolant in tank 8. The air and / or vapor is cooled and / or filtered in the coolant. Then, the air bubbles upward through the coolant and enters hose 20. Typically, the airflow is provided by the negative pressure from the user (i.e., at mouthpiece 20). In some embodiments, device 2 can include a pump or fan to provide some or all of the airflow through the device.

[0078] When using a capsule, one or more porous walls are provided on the capsule to allow air to enter the capsule and / or allow the vaporized product to escape therefrom. The porosity can be provided by holes or perforations on one or more sides of the capsule. The diameter of the holes is typically less than 5 mm.

[0079] The heating chamber 24a is shown in more detail in Figure 4 and Figure 5 The capsule 40 is configured to be received within the heating chamber 24. Generally, the capsule 40 includes a close fit therewith to provide good heat transfer therebetween. The capsule includes a closure / cap 42. The closure 42 includes a hole 44 therein. In the orientation shown, a similar hole is provided on the opposite side / wall (e.g., the base or bottom side) of the capsule 40. The capsule 40 includes a rim 46. The rim 46 abuts the upper edge / rim 48 of the heating chamber 24. The closure 42 can be deformed (e.g., curled) or otherwise attached to the rim 46.

[0080] The capsule 40 includes an indicator 50. The indicator 50 includes the indicator described in UK Patent Application GB2209401.5, which is incorporated herein by reference. In the present embodiment, the indicator 50 includes an electronic memory device. The memory is ROM or rewritable. The indicator is provided on a carrier 52. The carrier 52 is mounted to the rim 46 of the capsule 40. The carrier 52 is configured to engage or receive the rim 46. The carrier 52 can be removably attached to the capsule 40. The carrier 52 is crescent-shaped.

[0081] The indicator 50 is mounted to a tab portion 54. The tab 54 extends outwardly from the carrier 52. The tab thus extends outwardly from the capsule 40. The tab 54 is arcuate. The tab 54 can be raised relative to the surface of the closure 42. The indicator 50 can be mounted to or held with the carrier 52. For example, the indicator 50 can be co-molded with the carrier 52.

[0082] A communication interface 56 is configured to read / interrogate the indicator 50. The interface 56 can be provided on a PCB 58. The PCB 58 is disposed adjacent to the heating chamber 24. The PCB 58 can be mounted to a chassis or support structure. The chassis can support the heating chamber 24 and / or components within the head 4.

[0083] The communication interface 56 includes a wireless communication interface. The wireless communication interface can include an NFC, Bluetooth (RTM) and / or RFID interface. The wireless communication is typically short-range, e.g., less than 100 cm; preferably, less than 50 cm; preferably, less than 5 cm. The indicator 50 is accordingly configured for wireless communication.

[0084] The interface 56 includes an antenna 60. The antenna 60 is configured to communicate operably with the indicator 50. The antenna 60 is proximal to the indicator 50 / capsule 40. The antenna 60 is spaced apart from the indicator 50 and / or the capsule 40. This prevents unwanted heat transfer between them. The antenna 60 is laterally spaced apart from the indicator / capsule (see Figure 5 ). The antenna 60 is axially spaced apart from the indicator / capsule (i.e., disposed above the indicator / capsule in use). The antenna 60 is curved. The antenna 60 is curved in the direction towards the capsule 40. This can help ensure that the antenna 60 can communicate with the indicator 50.

[0085] Generally, it can be seen that when the capsule 40 is inserted / accommodated / received within the heating chamber 24, the device 2 is configured to communicate with the capsule 40. This ensures that the device 2 communicates with the capsule 24 configured to be heated.

[0086] The indicator 50 may include information / data related to one or more parameters or characteristics of the capsule 40 and / or the consumable / evaporable product contained therein. The indicator 50 may include data particularly related to one or more of the following:

[0087] · One or more flavorings of the consumable product. This may include broad qualitative indicators (e.g., "sweet" or "sour") and / or specific qualitative flavorings (e.g., "strawberry" or "bubble gum").

[0088] · One or more ingredients of the consumable product. This may include a list of all or part of the ingredients (e.g., active ingredients). The list may include the weight / volume and / or relative proportions of one or more ingredients. One or more allergens may be indicated. The indicator 50 may indicate whether the consumable product contains tobacco and / or nicotine-containing products.

[0089] · The composition or type of the consumable product. This may indicate the general form of the consumable product,

[0090] e.g., whether the smoking product includes tobacco, inert beads, paste, and / or combinations thereof.

[0091] · The amount of the consumable product (e.g., weight / volume) and / or the size of the capsule 40 (e.g., weight / volume / size).

[0092] · The heating temperature of the consumable product. This indicates the preferred or optimal temperature of the consumable product during its heating to ensure the best experience.

[0093] · The heating curve and / or power curve of the consumable product. This indicates the preferred or optimal temperature-time related curve of the consumable product during its heating to ensure the best consumable product experience. This will be described in detail later.

[0094] · A pause curve for determining the length and / or temperature of a pause event. The pause curve can be customized by the user. The pause curve can determine the length of each usage period and / or provide a corresponding heating curve when there is no pause during the period.

[0095] · Data related to the manufacture or distribution of the capsule 40. For example, one or more of the following: batch number; manufacturing date / time; quality control mark; manufacturer identifier; supplier identifier; distributor identifier.

[0096] · Data related to the integrity of the consumable product, such as usage date; or expiration date.

[0097] This can be provided by a heat exposure indicator (e.g., a thermochromic pigment). In some embodiments, the device 2 can write data to the indicator 50 to indicate that the capsule 40 has been heated or used. The indicator 50 can thus include a mark or a sign.

[0098] · Data to authenticate the capsule 40. This allows the user to verify that the capsule 40 is genuine. The authentication can include a unique code / password, a hash, an authentication token, and / or a signature. This can be verified against a database of known codes (e.g., a database using an internet connection). In some embodiments, the data can include a self-verifying code / string. For example, the code can include one or more check digits or a checksum.

[0099] · Usage restrictions. This can include age restrictions, e.g., where the consumable product includes tobacco, alcohol, caffeine, or other age-restricted goods. The age restriction can indicate a quantity (e.g.,

[0100] 16, 18, or 21) and / or a quality (e.g., "child", "adult", etc.). In some embodiments, the consumable product and / or a specific capsule 40 can be associated with a specific user or user category. For example, this can be used when the consumable product includes a prescription or other controlled ingredient. The data can include a user ID. The data can include a user name and / or a unique code.

[0101] · Verification. Verification can be used to verify the data stored on the indicator 50 and / or a part thereof.

[0102] It can be understood that the parameters can be stored as database fields, etc. The device 2 can thus extract and / or process any field as required above.

[0103] Figure 6A heating curve 62 for the capsule 40 and / or the consumable product 3 is shown. The heating curve 62 defines the optimal or preferred heating temperature of the capsule 40 and / or the consumable product 3 as a function of time or as a curve of the desired temperature over time (e.g., without applying an explicit mathematical relationship). The graph / curve may include a continuous curve or multiple discrete temperatures over time (e.g., including at least the points where temperature changes occur or where a previous change ends).

[0104] The heating curve 62 can be determined / defined using any suitable mathematical method, expression, or algorithm, as will be understood by those skilled in the art. Generally, the heating curve depends on the type / composition of the consumable product 3, the weight / volume of the consumable product 3, and / or optionally, one or more geometric characteristics of the capsule, such as its shape, volume, wall thickness, etc.

[0105] In some embodiments, the heating curve 62 can be fixed or standardized for a particular consumable product and / or capsule 40. Thus, the indicator 50 for each capsule 40 that houses the product includes substantially the same heating curve data.

[0106] In other embodiments, the heating curve 62 can vary between different capsules 40 that contain the same consumable product. This can allow for variations in the heating curve 62 to accommodate variations in the manufacture of the consumable product, e.g., due to different temperatures, humidities, or starting materials or different qualities of the consumable material in the capsule.

[0107] The temperature of the pod 40 is typically controlled by controlling the temperature or the heat / energy output of the heater 24. Generally, the output of the heater 10 is controlled by changing the power supplied to the heater 10. Thus, the heating curve 62 can include or be similar to a power curve for the control device 2. The heating curve can be converted by the device 2 into a power control curve, i.e., an instruction to control the heater. However, there is a delay in the temperature change of the consumable product 3 compared to the power supplied to the heater 24. Additionally, through the consumable product 3, there will be temperature variations based on the thermal conductivity of the consumable product 3 and any variations in the product distribution within the capsule. Thus, in different embodiments, the variations in temperature and electrical power can include separate parameters / curves that can be controlled independently. For example, the temperature curve can include a maximum or ideal temperature, and there can be an ideal or maximum power that can be used, for example, to control the rate of temperature change (with time intervals as described above).

[0108] Device 2 includes a monitoring system for monitoring the temperature of heater 24 and / or capsule 40. The monitoring system may include a thermometer operably connected or engaged with heater 24 and / or capsule 40. The thermometer may include one or more of the following: a thermocouple; an infrared thermometer; a resistance thermometer, etc. The monitoring system may separately monitor the power supply to the heater based on one or more electrical parameters.

[0109] The hookah device 2 may be configured to heat the capsule 40 at multiple different temperatures. Accordingly, the heating curve 62 includes multiple different temperatures (i.e., different temperature levels). This provides multiple different heating stages. For example, the heating curve 62 includes a first temperature 70 and a successive second temperature 72. The heating curve may maintain a predetermined time period 74 at a given temperature. The first temperature 70 and / or the associated power is greater than the second temperature 72 and / or the associated power, for example to ensure that the consumable product in the capsule 40 quickly and evenly reaches the desired temperature at startup. During this period, the user may not actively use the hookah device 2. This provides an initial "preheat" or preheating stage. The second temperature 72 may then provide the temperature at which the user inhales the vaporized product. This provides an "active use stage".

[0110] The difference between the preheat temperature / power 70 and the active use stage 72 temperature may be defined as an overshoot, such as a purposefully aggressive initial heating stage. In other examples, it may be an undershoot or the same as the temperature of the active use stage. However, the power control may define a more aggressive heating stage (i.e., at a greater power or maximum power) than in the active use stage 72.

[0111] The power setting / curve may be defined as a percentage of the maximum available / possible electrical power of the heater. For example, if the heater is approved for use at a maximum rated power equal to 100%, the power setting for each stage may be set as a percentage below 100% (e.g., the power setting may be 90% for preheat and 70% for the active use stage).

[0112] The change (or associated first power and second power) between the first temperature 70 and the second temperature 72 may be instantaneous in the control instructions of the device. Accordingly, the change / boundary between the first temperature 70 and the second temperature 72 is stepwise or discontinuous. In practice, there may be a thermal lag due to heating / cooling inertia.

[0113] The heating curve 62 can vary continuously over a given time period 76. For example, the heating curve 62 can steadily decrease over the time period 76. This provides a "ramp down" of temperature / power to prevent the consumable product from burning or being damaged when it is depleted (e.g., the temperature or power can be proportional to the remaining mass of the unconsumed product or otherwise vary with the remaining mass of the unconsumed product). For example, during the active use phase, the temperature can initially be kept substantially constant. However, in the later stages of active use, the temperature can steadily or incrementally decrease to maintain the quality of the user's experience and prevent the remaining consumable product from being "overcooked". In some examples, the decrease can be steady or incremental over most or substantially all of the active use phase rather than only being steady or incremental towards the end of the active use phase.

[0114] Accordingly, the above heating curve 62 defines an ideal / predetermined heating / temperature at which a known consumable product will generally perform best.

[0115] In some embodiments, the device 2 is configured to, for example, in addition to maintaining the heating curve 62, change the temperature of the heater 10 (e.g., provide additional power thereto) in response to a user's inhalation / draw. Such a temperature change can represent a short-term, temporary, or instantaneous change to the curve 62. Generally, the heating is increased to counteract any cooling effect of the incoming air inhaled over the consumable product. Additionally or alternatively, the increase in temperature / heating increases the amount of vapor produced by the consumable product to provide an improved user experience. This provides an active means of ensuring the quality of the smoking experience. The increase in temperature can provide discrete / inhalation events 78 within the heating curve 62. Accordingly, the heating curve 62 only provides a baseline for the temperature of the heater 10 and its temperature can be changed according to the user's inhalation.

[0116] The increase in temperature in the heater and / or the capsule can be at least 5°C; at least 10°C; or at least 20°C. Additionally or alternatively, the temperature during the discrete heating event 78 can include an absolute temperature. The absolute value can be stored on the indicator 40. The increase in power of the heater 10 can be at least 3%; for example at least 5%; or at least 10%.

[0117] Inhalation can be detected via an inhalation sensor. The sensor can include a pressure sensor, etc. The pressure sensor can include a resistive, capacitive, and / or inductive pressure sensor. Additionally or alternatively, the sensor includes an airflow sensor, such as a mechanical airflow sensor or a probe. For example, the sensor can include a flap or diaphragm configured to move during inhalation. The flap / diaphragm can be connected to a potentiometer, etc. Any such sensor can be located at any suitable position in the air passage between the mouthpiece 20 and the inlet hole 28.

[0118] Additionally or alternatively, the sensor includes an accelerometer that measures vibrations in the system that are caused by air being drawn into the water and forming bubbles as gas is drawn along conduit 34 into chamber 6. It has been found that this type of sensor for sensing vibrations caused by bubbles (i.e., inferring user aspiration through device 2) is particularly effective / responsive. Additionally, the amplitude and / or frequency of the vibrations can be used to infer the speed at which air is being aspirated through the device (i.e., as an indicator of air flow rate). Such a sensor is beneficial because it can be located anywhere on the device and obviates the need for a sensor in the flow path downstream of the capsule, which would contain vapors and other airborne materials that could contaminate flow / pressure sensors, etc. over time.

[0119] The sensor is operatively connected to the heater controller to control the power to heater 10 in response to the sensor output. The increased heating during such an event can be a heating boost.

[0120] In some embodiments, discrete event 78 is configured to activate only during a sensed aspiration. Thus, power to heater 24 is increased only during aspiration. In some embodiments, event 78 is configured to activate for a predetermined period or variable duration based on the sensed aspiration duration / magnitude. Thus, once an aspiration is detected, an increase in power to heater 10 can be provided for a predetermined period or variable / reactive period. Heating can begin immediately / upon detection of an aspiration. In some examples, the increase in heating can be only for a portion of the aspiration event, such as during the portion where the sensed magnitude / flow rate of the initial part is increasing or not decreasing. For example, the heating can decline back towards the end of the aspiration event.

[0121] In some embodiments, discrete / aspiration event 78 is configured to attempt to offset only the cooling effect of the incoming air. Thus, heater 10 attempts to maintain the temperature of heating curve 62. The temperature loss during aspiration can be pre-calibrated. For example, if a 10 °C drop is observed during aspiration in a calibration experiment, this value is stored on the device and then the heater temperature is configured to increase by 10 °C when the corresponding aspiration event is detected. Thus, heating curve 62 is maintained.

[0122] It will be appreciated that the cooling effect can be proportional to the aspiration rate. Device 2 can be configured to determine the aspirated air flow rate and adjust the temperature increase accordingly. Thus, device 2 senses or predicts the temperature decrease of heater 10 and adjusts the power of heater 10 to at least partially offset the decrease.

[0123] In some embodiments, heater 24 is configured to reactively adjust to the user's inhalation. Device 2 can thus monitor the temperature of heater 10. If the temperature decreases during heating, the power applied to it is increased. Thus, heater 10 attempts to track the temperature of heating curve 62. While this arrangement does not require a user inhalation sensor, the user experience may not be too bad.

[0124] The heating curve 62 can include any number of heating temperatures / levels. One or more temperatures can be repeated in the heating curve. Thus, the heating curve 62 can be cyclic / fluctuating. The time period 74 at each temperature can vary between the temperatures. The boundaries / ramps can include any suitable gradient. The gradient can vary between different temperature boundaries / ramps. The heating curve 62 can vary continuously and / or discontinuously. The heating curve 62 can be curved and / or include linear portions.

[0125] In a first embodiment, the overall form (i.e., shape) of the heating curve 62 is stored on device 2. Device 2 can store one or more heating curves 62. The curves can be pre-recorded in the device memory or uploaded from the capsule upon insertion. Indicator 50 is configured to contain data configured to modify the pre-stored / pre-defined heating curve 62.

[0126] As Figure 7 shown, in some embodiments, the heating curve can include one or more regulators configured to change the temperature, power, and / or time values of the heating curve 62. For example, in heating curve 62A, the regulator changes the temperature of the heating curve 62. The regulator can include a simple scalar regulator (e.g., the heating curve 62 is multiplied by a scalar value). In this example, the scalar regulator > 1, thereby increasing the temperature of the heating curve 62, but in other examples, the scalar regulator can be less than 1 to correspondingly decrease the temperature / heating. In other examples, the regulator can be a predetermined positive or negative offset (e.g., in terms of temperature or power) rather than a multiplier. Since the regulator is a simple predetermined value, the temperature can be changed across the entire heating curve 62A. Such an arrangement provides a simple variation of the heating curve 62 to suit the temperature requirements of the consumable product 30 or the individual user. A low-temperature consumable product can have a relatively low regulator value and vice versa. The user can set the desired regulator using device 2 or an associated application on a communication device. The bounds of these regulators are preferably predetermined or fixed such that the regulator cannot be applied outside the predetermined bounds.

[0127] In the heating curve 62B, a regulator changes the total time period 80 of the curve 62. The regulator may include a simple scalar regulator. Such an arrangement provides a simple variation of the heating curve 62 to suit the amount / size of the consumable product and / or the capsule 40. A relatively low weight / volume of the consumable product 30 may have a relatively low regulator value and vice versa. The time regulator may be a fixed or scalar regulator, as with the temperature regulator.

[0128] In some embodiments, the regulator (time and / or temperature) is configured to change only a selected portion of the heating curve. The regulator may change only the temperature / time period 74 of a selected portion of the temperature level. For example, the regulator may change only the temperature and / or time period 74 of the preheating phase and / or the active use phase and / or the cool-down period 76.

[0129] In some embodiments, a modifier may be configured to provide temperature and / or time modification data for each phase or for the curve as a whole. Thus, while the general form of the heating curve remains constant, the time period and / or temperature of each phase may vary independently. In one example, the user may manually apply the regulator, for example, according to the desired intensity of use, or due to personal preference or according to the expected number of users. In the case where two, three, four or more users are intended to use a single device, the user may select a "party" mode to increase the heating invasiveness accordingly.

[0130] In some embodiments, a plurality of different heating curves 62 may be stored on the device. The indicator 50 may thus include an indication of the specific heating curve 62 required. Thus, a specific heating curve 62 is selected according to the inserted capsule 40 and / or the consumable product. This allows a plurality of different heating curves to be provided while keeping the minimum data on the indicator 50. In other examples, all of the heating curve data is carried by the indicator 50 on the capsule and transferred to the device during use.

[0131] In Figure 8 An example of a data structure on the capsule indicator 50 is shown, for example. The data includes an indicator 82 related to the consumable product and / or the capsule 40. The device 2 may read / interpret the indicator 82 to identify the consumable product 30 / capsule 40 accordingly. The data includes a heating curve indicator 84 configured to indicate a specific heating curve 62 pre-recorded on the device 2. Thus, when the device reads the data, the heating curve 62 is selected accordingly. Additionally or alternatively, the curve indicator 84 may indicate a point or time period on the curve, the number of increments or phases, and / or the total time / duration of the curve.

[0132] In some embodiments, the product / capsule identifier 82 can be associated with a specific heating curve 62 in the memory of the device (e.g., the identifier can have an embedded curve identifier). Thus, the device 2 automatically selects the heating curve based on the product / capsule identifier 82.

[0133] In some embodiments, the pre-recorded heating curve 62 can be manually selected by the user. For example, the capsule 40 and / or the associated packaging can include printed instructions for the user. The user can manually select the heating curve via a manual input on the device 2 (e.g., a button or a dial, etc.), and / or can use an intermediate device in communication with the device 2. For example, the intermediate device can include an electronic or computing device such as: a key fob; a touch screen device; a button / selector device; a mobile (cellular) phone; a tablet computer; a laptop computer, etc. In some embodiments, the intermediate device can include a dedicated user / sensor interface device for use with the device 2. The intermediate device can include a sensor configured to read / interrogate the capsule, such as a reader or an NFC device. The intermediate device may or may not verify the identification of the capsule before use, and / or can allow the user to input user selections or preferences that are communicated to the device 2, which control aspects of the heating implemented by the device 2.

[0134] The data can include one or more stage identifiers 86. This identifies and / or depicts different stages (e.g., different temperature and / or power levels). The data includes a temperature indicator 88 indicating the desired temperature for each stage. The temperature indicator 88 can indicate a fixed temperature, a temperature gradient (e.g., the change in temperature per unit time), or a temperature curve (changing gradient). As a supplement or alternative to the temperature indicator 88, there can be a power indicator that can specify a fixed, changing, or threshold / maximum value of the power to be applied for heating the capsule during that stage.

[0135] The data includes a time interval indicator 90 to indicate the desired time interval / cycle for each stage. The data can then accordingly include the temperature and time period data for each stage. The device 2 can thus read the data for each stage and construct the heating curve 62. It can be understood that instead of providing temperature or time period values, temperature and / or time period regulators can be provided.

[0136] See Figure 9 , in some embodiments, the optimal / preferred heating curve 62 can be sampled at a plurality of points 92. As Figure 10 shown, the sampling points 92 can be stored on the indicator 50. The sample points 92 include a temperature indicator 96. The sample points 92 include a time indicator 98 corresponding to the temperature indicator 92. Thus, the sampling points 92 provide two-dimensional coordinates, etc.

[0137] As Figure 11 and Figure 12 shown, the sample points can be processed by the device 2 to provide a reconstructed heating curve 94. Providing specific data points or coordinates on the capsule indicator 50 allows the device 2 to operate using only the input from the capsule 40. This reduces the need to store any pre-programmed curves etc. on the device 2. The device 2 can thus accept any suitably formatted curve with any level of complexity. This provides a future-proof arrangement since the heating curve can be changed or generated during the capsule manufacturing / programming phase without the need to modify / update the device 2. Thus, the device 2 can include a "silent" device where, for each example of use, only the heating curve instructions are inserted therein.

[0138] In Figure 13 the embodiment shown, the device 2 is configured to interpolate and / or extrapolate between the sample points 98. This provides a continuous heating curve 62. Thus, the heating curve can include heating gradients and / or transition regions between points. The device 2 can change to the indicated temperature 96 only in a stepwise manner at the indicated times 98. The temperature in each stage remains substantially constant. Thus, the sampling points 92 can provide boundary points for a plurality of stages.

[0139] In this embodiment, the sample points 92 are only set at the boundaries between different stages of the heating curve, for example at the start and / or end of each temperature change. Thus, the sample points 92 are only set at the points where the heating curve 62 changes gradient (e.g., inflection points or bend points) and / or stops changing gradient. This provides a minimum amount of sample points while generally providing an accurate / representative heating curve 62.

[0140] In some embodiments, the sample points 92 are provided at predetermined time intervals. For example, the sampling points 92 can be provided at fixed intervals. This can be beneficial in cases where the heating curve 62 is complex. In the case of providing sample points at fixed intervals, the time indicator 98 does not need to be provided in the indicator data since the fixed interval can be pre-programmed into the device 2. Additionally or alternatively, the indicator data can specify the fixed time interval and the device 2 constructs the heating curve accordingly.

[0141] As Figure 13As shown, the heating curve 62 can be smooth. This provides a continuous and / or stepped-free heating curve 62. This can be achieved by applying a smoothing algorithm to the heating curve 62. Then, the heater 10 heats the capsule 40 according to the smoothed heating curve and / or stops heating to allow cooling according to the smoothed curve. Additionally or alternatively, the heater 24 can be configured to heat the capsule 40 in a smooth manner, regardless of the heating curve 62. For example, a PID controller can be used to control the heater 24. This prevents overshoot of the desired temperature and / or fluctuations related to the desired temperature, etc.

[0142] It can be understood that the heating curve 62 only provides the desired heating temperature. In practice, the actual temperature achieved can vary for a variety of reasons, such as: thermal lag; feedback / sensor lag; user inhalation; air temperature; and / or other unanticipated thermal variations. Therefore, the heater 10 is configured to continuously adjust its temperature (e.g., via temperature sensor feedback) to achieve a specific heating curve 62. The actual temperature can oscillate around and / or towards the desired temperature, e.g., by a small degree of overshoot / undershoot.

[0143] In some embodiments, the indicator 40 can include multiple heating curves 62. The heating curve 62 can be modified according to one or more usage scenarios. For example, a user may want a "strong" experience. Thus, the heating curve can operate at a higher temperature during one or more of its phases. Conversely, a user may require a "gentle" experience, where the heating temperature is relatively low. Alternatively, the user can specify the number of users for the usage period. Therefore, the heating curve can operate at a higher temperature to accommodate the increased vapor / smoke required for the increased number of users.

[0144] It can be understood that the heating curve can vary according to one or more of the following:

[0145] · Experience intensity (i.e., the intensity of the emitted vapor / smoke);

[0146] · Time of the time period;

[0147] · Number of users;

[0148] · Number of pauses allowed during the time period, time allowed for each corresponding pause, or total pause time;

[0149] · Indication of the capsules or combinations thereof used during a multi-capsule time period.

[0150] The length and / or temperature and / or inhalation temperature of each stage of the heating curve can be varied according to usage. The overall shape (i.e., the relative temperature of each stage) can vary according to usage. A limited number of heating curves 62 can be provided according to discrete choices of the user. For example, the user can select "high", "medium", or "low". Additionally, the heating curve can vary according to any scale. For example, the user selects a value between 1 and 10.

[0151] It will be understood that the heating curves 62 and / or the corresponding time / temperature values provided above and in the figures are arbitrary and are only used to illustrate the present invention. The heating curves 62 and the corresponding data can be adopted or recorded in any suitable form.

[0152] Sensor configuration and use

[0153] As described above, the device 2 can include a vibration sensor. The vibration sensor is configured to detect vibrations caused by air entering the water chamber 8 from the duct 15. Generally, the vibrations are caused by the formation and / or collapse of bubbles in the coolant in the tank 6. However, it will be understood that the vibrations can be formed via any suitable mechanism, for example, turbulence of air in the conduit 34.

[0154] In Figure 3 the illustrated embodiment, the vibration sensor 100 is located in the electronics chamber (i.e., in a cavity therein). Thus, the vibration sensor is disposed in a sealed compartment isolated from the coolant and / or the vaporized product. This compartment is mechanically connected tightly to the coolant container / tank and / or the duct 34, thereby ensuring that vibrations are detected.

[0155] The vibration sensor 100 can be located in any suitable position in the electronics chamber. The vibration sensor 100 can be mounted on / adjacent to the partition wall 102 between the electronics chamber 12 and the storage tank 6. In some embodiments, the vibration sensor 100 can be mounted on or near the duct 34. In some embodiments, the vibration sensor 100 can be located on the device electronics on a board, for example, the vibration sensor 100 can be mounted on a common mounting structure such as a PCB together with a microcontroller / microprocessor and / or a memory. The vibration sensor can be integrated with or mounted to the electronics. For example, the vibration sensor can form part of a "system on a chip" (SoC).

[0156] The vibration sensor 100 can be located on / in the cover 22, or on / with the base 10 of the device 2, and can be connected to the relevant electronics by a suitable electrical connection. In addition or as an alternative, the sensor can communicate wirelessly with the electronics compartment. In some embodiments, the vibration sensor 100 can be disposed on the sidewall of the tank 6 itself.

[0157] The vibration sensor 100 can include any suitable form. The sensor can include one or more of the following: an accelerometer; a strain gauge / extensometer; magnetic / eddy current; laser displacement; or a gyroscope. The sensor can include a microphone, for example, for detecting vibrations in the audible frequency range. In a preferred embodiment, the sensor 100 includes an accelerometer, for example, a piezoelectric accelerometer. The sensor 100 can include a uniaxial or multi-axis detector. The sensor can include a 3-axis or 6-axis sensor. Generally, the sensor 100 includes a linear accelerometer. Additionally or alternatively, the sensor 26 can be a rotational sensor. The sensor can detect uniaxial or multi-axis rotation.

[0158] The vibration sensor 100 is operably connected to an electronic controller to process data therefrom. The controller interprets the data from the sensor 100 to determine whether a user inhalation (i.e., a discrete event) is detected. In Figure 14 the process schematically shown.

[0159] In a first stage, the sensor 100 generates raw data 104. The raw data 104 indicates the movement / acceleration of the sensor. The raw data 104 can include data for each axis, where a multi-axis sensor is provided.

[0160] It will be appreciated that the raw data 104 will generally include vibrations not caused by a user inhalation (e.g., from background movement or music, etc.). Thus, these vibrations are filtered out via a background filter 106. The background filter 106 can include a low-pass filter for filtering out high-frequency vibrations. The low-pass filter can filter out frequencies greater than or equal to, for example, 50 Hz or 100 Hz. The background filter 106 can include a high-pass filter for filtering out low-frequency vibrations. The high-pass filter can filter out frequencies less than or equal to, for example, 1 Hz. The background filter can thus provide a band-pass filter.

[0161] Any such filtering can additionally / alternatively be performed on the magnitude of the vibration, for example, according to a lower threshold and / or an upper threshold of the vibration amplitude.

[0162] Although simple, the band filter can help filter out noise, but further filtering via a secondary filter 108 may be required to identify the vibration characteristics of a user inhalation. The secondary filter 108 can determine whether the received data matches a predetermined waveform (e.g., a characteristic frequency / amplitude curve 110) (see Figure 15 ). The characteristic frequency curve 110 can be determined by performing an inhalation through the system and recording the amplitude and frequency of the vibration. This provides a characteristic baseline for an inhalation of a given device.

[0163] The controller is configured to compare incoming vibration data to determine if the frequency value matches the characteristic curve 110. Typically, an error margin is provided such that distortion or other variability does not prevent detection of inhalation. The margin may include an upper boundary 112A and / or a lower boundary 112B. Thus, if any measured frequency curve remains within the margin, inhalation is considered to be present. Additionally or alternatively, a measurement of "closeness" to the characteristic may be determined. For example, the controller may determine the average variance between the measurement and the characteristic curve 110. If the closeness / variance between the measurement data and the characteristic curve 110 falls within a predetermined value, inhalation and / or bubble formation is considered to be present. Frequencies outside the start / end of the characteristic curve 110 may be ignored or excluded.

[0164] In some embodiments, the curve may be provided by a discrete number of frequencies (e.g., between 5 and 20 frequencies). Nevertheless, a discrete number of frequencies can still provide a characteristic curve indicative of the user's inhalation. Other conventional methods may be used to determine if the detected vibration matches a predetermined frequency curve. Detection of inhalation is performed in real time, e.g., instantaneous detection.

[0165] In some embodiments, the characteristic curve 110 may be independent of amplitude. This allows detection of inhalation events of different intensities. Determination of an inhalation event may be performed by analyzing the shape of the measured frequency arc / curve. For example, the relative amplitudes between two or more frequencies may indicate an inhalation event.

[0166] It will be appreciated that if the amplitude of the inhalation frequency is much greater than the background noise and / or excluded by the characteristic curve, a background filter may not be required. However, a simple background filter 106 may reduce the computational load or complexity and may therefore preferably be provided.

[0167] In the case of using a multi-axis sensor, the raw data for one or more axes may be combined to provide a total value. Alternatively, these axes may be processed separately. Characteristic curves 110 may be generated for each axis. In some embodiments, only a single or selected multiple axes are used. For example, the characteristic curve 110 may provide vibration on one or two axes and thus the data for the remaining single axis / multiple axes is ignored to reduce the computational load.

[0168] The characteristic curve 110 may be programmed into the memory on the controller. The characteristic curve 110 may be rewritable or changeable.

[0169] In some embodiments, the amplitude of the vibration may be used to determine if inhalation has occurred. For example, if the amplitude of the vibration exceeds a predetermined threshold, inhalation is considered to have occurred. This may provide a simple way to determine inhalation, especially when the amplitude of the vibration exceeds the background vibration.

[0170] If an inhalation event is detected, the system is configured to output a signal 112 indicative of inhalation. See Figure 16 , which signal is received by a controller 114 configured to control the heater 24 described above. Thus, the device 2 is configured to control the heating of the heating chamber in accordance with discrete inhalation events of the user. In a conventional / combustion / hookah-based device, the user's inhalation draws cold air into the heating chamber, thus reducing its temperature. However, the increased airflow increases the oxygen flow above and into the heating chamber over the coal, thus increasing the temperature. This cooling and heating effect thus at least partially cancels each other out. In prior art electrical devices, the airflow reduces the temperature of the heating chamber; however, since there is no coal, there is no temperature increase. Accordingly, the present system is configured to counteract the cooling effect of the incoming air.

[0171] The controller 114 is configured to maintain the heater 24 and / or the heating chamber 26 at a predetermined temperature or increase the temperature during inhalation. The predetermined temperature is typically provided by the heating curve described above. Inhalation sensing can advantageously avoid thermal lag, which can be experienced by temperature sensing alone, helping to ensure that the consumable product maintains an optimal temperature.

[0172] The controller 114 is configured to increase the heat output of the heater 24 in response to detecting an inhalation. The magnitude and / or duration of the increased heating can be determined based on one or more factors, such as:

[0173] · Inhalation duration. This is the time the user inhales for each inhalation period. Typically, this period is between 1 second and 5 seconds. The duration can be measured by determining the length of the inhalation event.

[0174] · Inhalation intensity. Typically, this is determined by the amplitude of the detected vibration. The intensity of the vibration can be calculated by a sensor controller and output to the heating controller. The intensity can be quantified or discrete. For example, the intensity can be assigned a "high", "medium" or "low" value. Otherwise, the intensity can be a continuous value. The intensity can vary during an inhalation event, so the initial or average intensity can be used to determine the magnitude of the heating.

[0175] · Time period between inhalations. The time period between the end of an inhalation event and the start of a successive inhalation can be determined. Alternatively, this period can be determined between the start or termination of corresponding inhalations. The frequency of inhalation events can be determined.

[0176] The controller 114 can include a multi-variable or "fuzzy logic" controller. The controller 114 can take as an output the duration, intensity, and / or time since the last inhalation and determine the required heat output. The controller can control a look-up table or algorithm to determine the required heat output.

[0177] The heating scheme is schematically shown inFigure 17 The varying heat output 116 can be provided for a predetermined period of time (T2). The predetermined period can be based on the above factors. For example, a high-intensity inhalation event can provide an increased period of time (T2) of increased heat output. Similarly, the inhalation duration (T1) affects the duration (T2) of the varying heat output.

[0178] In other embodiments, the period of time (T2) can include a fixed period of time. Thus, the heat output is controlled only by the variation in the magnitude (ΔP) of the varying heat output.

[0179] In some embodiments, the varying heat output 62 can stop when a predetermined temperature is reached. The predetermined temperature can be a predetermined temperature relative to the heating curve. For example, the increased heat output 116 can return to the baseline (i.e., ΔP = 0) when the heating chamber temperature reaches the desired heating curve temperature 118. Alternatively, the predetermined temperature can be a threshold relative to the heating curve temperature. For example, the heat output can return to the baseline output when the temperature reaches an absolute or relative predetermined deviation from the heating curve temperature. This provides a margin of heating curve temperature for the heat output to return to the baseline output.

[0180] User input 120 can be provided. This can include manual input. Manual buttons can include buttons, switches, display devices (e.g., touchscreens), etc. In some embodiments, the user input 120 can include linked or associated devices. For example, the user can provide input via a connected mobile device.

[0181] The user input 120 can change or otherwise interrupt the heating sequence (i.e., the desired curve 62 or temperature 118). The user can correspondingly include an on / off input to start / stop heating. The user can start / stop a standby or low-power mode. The user can manually adjust the current or desired heating temperature. For example, if the user desires a stronger experience, the user can increase the temperature of the heater. This input can provide a "boost" mode. For example, the temperature of the heater can be increased for a predetermined period of time and / or until the boost mode is deactivated.

[0182] Although the above temperature control method is highly responsive, the user may prefer to pre-emptively provide a manual input for an anticipated inhalation / suction on the mouthpiece and thereby slightly pre-heat the temperature. Thus, the use can utilize a boost button, for example, to inhale on the mouthpiece one or two seconds before generating an increased temperature and intensity.

[0183] The use of an accelerometer or other inertial-type sensor as described herein is beneficial because the sensor can be used to control the operation of the heater for one or more additional / replacement reasons. For example, the sensor can sense one or more different types of events. The sensor can be used to detect tipping, dropping, or other adverse movement of the water pipe. Thus, the sensor can detect an adverse inertial event or adverse orientation of the device, and the controller can prevent heating of the heater, e.g., as a safety measure. The controller can override the heating curve, e.g., by pausing or terminating the heating curve. In some examples, once the adverse event / condition ends, the controller can resume heating. For example, after the device stands up following a tipping event, the controller can continue the existing time period by resuming execution of the heating curve. In another example, if the device is only intended to be used when stationary, the controller can pause heating during movement of the device 2.

[0184] Thus, the heating curve is pausable (e.g., no power to the heater, or reduced power to the heater) and can be resumed based on sensor input. The controller will continue heating at the moment the curve was paused or can monitor any time delay and continue the curve at a relevant later time. However, some events can completely terminate the heating curve. For example, the opening of the lid and / or the removal of the capsule can terminate the heating curve such that it cannot be restarted. An extended pause period of user inactivity, for example, can also terminate the heating curve.

[0185] By user input 120, the user can manually initiate a pause mode, e.g., whereby the controller controls the temperature of the consumable product or the heating chamber to be reduced below the standby temperature of the heating curve for active use. Thus, the consumable product can be maintained at a high temperature above ambient, i.e., ready for use, but without significant consumption of the product in the capsule.

Claims

1. An electronic water pipe, comprising: a heating chamber configured to heat a consumable product in use, the heating chamber including an air inlet to allow air to be drawn in above the consumable product; a controller configured to control the heating of the consumable product in the heating chamber so as to maintain the consumable product at an elevated temperature according to a predetermined heating curve during a use period; and a sensor configured to detect a discrete active use event initiated by a user of the device, wherein the controller is configured to change the heating of the heating chamber in response to detecting the active use event during the period.

2. The water pipe according to claim 1, wherein, the heating curve includes a plurality of predetermined stages arranged in sequence during the period.

3. The water pipe according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, the heating curve includes two or more of the following: an initial warming stage, a normal consumption stage, and a controlled descent stage.

4. The water pipe according to claim 3, wherein, the warming stage is controlled to achieve an initial temperature or power peak of the heating chamber greater than the normal consumption stage and / or the controlled descent stage.

5. The water pipe according to claim 3 or 4, wherein, the controlled descent stage includes a later or final stage of the predetermined heating curve.

6. The water pipe according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein, at least one stage is an isothermal stage.

7. The water pipe according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the predetermined heating curve includes a temperature and / or power curve.

8. The water pipe according to claim 7, wherein, the power curve includes a target / threshold power setting for each stage, and the controller controls the electrical parameters for operating the heating chamber according to the target / threshold power setting.

9. The water pipe according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the predetermined heating curve includes both an ideal temperature and an associated power setting.

10. The water pipe according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the predetermined heating curve includes a default or background heating curve for temperature regulation of the consumable product by the controller during the use period, and the controller monitors compliance with the heating curve according to the output of another sensor.

11. The water pipe according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the controller changes the heating of the heating chamber in response to detecting the active use event so as to deviate from the heating curve.

12. The water pipe according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the active use event causes cooling of the heating chamber, and the controller changes the heating of the heating chamber to counteract the cooling.

13. The water pipe according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the discrete use event includes an event that causes: a negative pressure within the water pipe; an air flow through the water pipe; and / or a user input indicating any such event or precluding any such event.

14. The water pipe according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the usage period includes more than 5 minutes or 30 minutes.

15. The water pipe according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the water pipe includes a coolant reservoir, and the sensor is configured to detect a passage for gas to enter the reservoir.

16. The water pipe according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the sensor is configured to detect vibrations caused by the active usage event.

17. The water pipe according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the sensor includes an accelerometer.

18. The water pipe according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the controller includes a filter configured to filter sensor readings exceeding one or more predetermined frequency thresholds.

19. The water pipe according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the controller includes a log or model of a predetermined active usage event, and the controller is configured to compare the sensor readings with the log or model.

20. The water pipe according to claim 19, wherein, the controller determines whether the sensor readings fall within one or more predetermined thresholds of the log or model.

21. The water pipe according to any one of claims 16 to 20, wherein, the sensor detects a waveform of the sensed parameter.

22. The water pipe according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the controller is arranged to temporarily intensify the heating of the heating chamber at the start of a detected discrete active usage event.

23. The water pipe according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the discrete active usage event or the change in heating performed by the controller corresponding to the discrete active usage event has a duration of less than 1 minute or 30 seconds.

24. The water pipe according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the controller is arranged to receive user input to change the predetermined heating curve, such as the temperature, power, or duration of the curve.

25. A data carrier or data storage medium comprising machine-readable instructions for operating a controller of an electronic water pipe, the water pipe having a heating chamber configured to heat a consumable product in use, the heating chamber including an air inlet allowing air to be drawn in above the consumable product, wherein, the machine-readable instructions control: heating the consumable product in the heating chamber by the controller to maintain the consumable product at an elevated temperature according to a predetermined heating curve during a usage period; receiving sensor data from a sensor of the water pipe; and determining from the received sensor data a discrete active usage event initiated by a user of the device; and changing the heating of the heating chamber in response to the determination of the active usage event.

26. A water pipe system comprising a water pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 24 and a capsule containing the consumable product, wherein, the capsule can be received in the heating chamber and heated together with the consumable product in use.

27. The water pipe system according to claim 26, wherein, the capsule includes an indicator, and the indicator carries data that can be used by the controller to implement the implementation of the predetermined heating curve.

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