Speed reducer

Abstract

The invention relates to a speed reducer, in which the speed reducer has two input shafts, which transmit a torque to an output gear of the speed reducer via two intermediate shafts of the speed reducer, respectively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] 1. The present invention relates to a speed reducer. Background Art

[0002] 2. It is known that a speed reducer has an input shaft and an output shaft.

[0003] 3. As the closest prior art, a speed reducer is known from DE 75 27 359 U.

[0004] 4. A speed reducer for a drive device of a large equipment is known from DE 1 650 848 A.

[0005] 5. A two-way speed reducer with power split is known from DE 34 158 543 C1. Summary of the Invention

[0006] 6. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to improve the speed reducer, wherein as high a torque as possible should be provided on the output side.

[0007] 7. According to the present invention, this object is achieved by a speed reducer according to the features given in claim 1.

[0008] 8. In the speed reducer, an important feature of the present invention is that the speed reducer has two, in particular exactly two, input shafts, and the input shafts respectively transmit torque to the output gear of the speed reducer through two intermediate shafts of the speed reducer.

[0009] 9. Especially in the region of the internal space of the speed reducer that is at least partially filled with lubricating oil.

[0010] 10. The advantage here is that the driving power introduced through the two input shafts is transmitted to the output gear especially via four intermediate shafts within the speed reducer. Therefore, a high torque is transmitted to the output gear. In addition, the power flow input by the corresponding input shaft is smoothly transmitted to the output gear via the corresponding two intermediate shafts, because the surface pressure is reduced by the distribution of the power flow, and thus the material of the output gear does not bear overload.

[0011] 11. It is also important here that the shafts can mainly be arranged in the lower part of the speed reducer, that is, especially not evenly distributed on the circumference of the output gear. Thus, it is possible to use a speed reducer housing that is divided into a lower part and an upper part. Therefore, the upper part does not have to conduct high-strength forces, and thus can be designed with a relatively thin wall thickness. Since the upper part works in a basically force-free manner, that is, especially without the introduction of lateral forces, the connection with the lower part can be achieved without any strengthening measures. Nevertheless, the sealing part between the upper part and the lower part is not loaded, and thus the connection between the upper part and the lower part is oil-sealed.

[0012] 12. According to the present invention, the upper part is designed to be thin-walled and thus can save materials.

[0013] 13. In an advantageous design, each input shaft has two teeth spaced apart from each other, especially spaced apart from each other in the axial direction.

[0014] 14. Wherein, the first teeth of the two teeth of each input shaft respectively mesh with the first teeth of the corresponding first intermediate shaft.

[0015] 15. Wherein, the second teeth of the two teeth of each input shaft respectively mesh with the first teeth of the corresponding second intermediate shaft.

[0016] 16. Wherein, the second teeth of the corresponding first intermediate shafts respectively mesh with the output gear, especially mesh with the teeth of the output gear.

[0017] 17. Wherein, the second teeth of the corresponding second intermediate shafts respectively mesh with the output gear, especially mesh with the teeth of the output gear.

[0018] 18. Especially wherein, the meshing region is arranged in the internal space region of the speed reducer that is at least partially filled with lubricating oil. The advantage here is that the introduced torque can be divided within the speed reducer housing, and thus protection is provided and lubricating oil can be loaded. In particular, it is possible to support the shafts in the lower part, wherein, except for half of the bearing receiving part for the second intermediate shaft constructed on the upper part, no shafts are supported in the upper part.

[0019] 19. In an advantageous design, the corresponding teeth of the input shaft are directly machined in the input shaft or in the corresponding pinion or gear, and the pinion or gear is sleeved on the input shaft and connected to the input shaft in a non-rotatable manner, especially in a form-locking manner. The advantage here is that a simple and cost-effective implementation can be achieved.

[0020] 20. In an advantageous design, the rotational axes of the input shafts, the rotational axes of the intermediate shafts, and the rotational axis of the output gear are parallel to each other. The advantage here is that the toothed components of the speed reducer can be designed as spur gears, and thus only low power losses occur.

[0021] 21. In an advantageous design, the meshing region of the teeth, especially the meshing region arranged in the internal space region surrounded by the housing and at least partially filled with lubricating oil, is especially protected within the housing from dirt and dust, especially from the environment. The advantage here is that the speed reducer can operate safely and a long service life can be achieved.

[0022] 22. In an advantageous design, the housing has a lower part and an upper part,

[0023] 23. wherein a bearing receiving part is constructed in the lower part, and a bearing is received in the bearing receiving part for rotatably supporting the input shaft or the first intermediate shaft,

[0024] 24. wherein the upper part is connected to the lower part,

[0025] 25. In particular, the bearing receiving part is designed as a hole passing through the lower part, especially a bearing hole. The advantage here is that a split, i.e., a split housing, can be used, wherein the upper part is placed on the lower part to form a complete bearing receiving part for the second shaft.

[0026] 26. In an advantageous design, the lower part of the lower part in contact with the upper part has a flat contact surface, wherein the contact surface is included in a plane, especially a separation plane and / or a dividing plane. The advantage here is that sealing can be achieved in a simple manner, especially by means of an intermediate flat seal.

[0027] 27. In an advantageous design, the lower part is designed as a basin shape. The advantage here is that lubricating oil can be arranged in the basin-shaped part without additional cost.

[0028] 28. In an advantageous design, the upper part is placed on the lower part, especially by a simple translational movement, especially along the direction of gravity, on the lower part. The advantage here is that simple manufacturing can be achieved.

[0029] 29. In an advantageous design, a seal, especially a flat seal, is arranged between the upper part and the lower part. The advantage here is that sealing can be achieved in a cost-effective manner.

[0030] 30. In an advantageous design, the plane includes the axis of rotation of the output gear and the axis of rotation of the second intermediate shaft. The advantage here is that the dividing plane precisely bisects the bearing receiving part of the second intermediate shaft in half, and thus simple and cost-effective manufacturing can be achieved. In particular, when the horizontal axis of rotation is included in the plane, a turning tool or a grinding tool can be lowered along the normal direction to the dividing plane, i.e., along the direction of gravity, to precisely machine the bisected bearing receiving part.

[0031] 31. In an advantageous design, the corresponding first halves of the bearing receiving parts of the respective bearings of the second intermediate shaft are respectively constructed in the lower part,

[0032] 32. In particular, the corresponding second halves of the bearing receiving parts of the bearings are constructed in the upper part,

[0033] 33. In particular, the outer ring halves of the bearings of the corresponding second intermediate shaft are received in the lower part and the other halves are received in the upper part. The advantage here is that the outer ring presses with its weight onto the lower half of the bearing receptacle, i.e., onto the half of the bearing receptacle in the lower part, and is thus stably inserted. Accordingly, the gravitational force of the bearing is only introduced into the lower part, but not into the upper part. The upper part is placed on the lower part and thus presses onto the outer ring of the bearing only with a slight pressing force. Accordingly, only sealing is achieved at this time, but no significant force is transmitted.

[0034] 34. In an advantageous design, the plane is a horizontal plane. The advantage here is that the speed reducer is arranged such that the dividing plane is horizontally oriented. Accordingly, the lower part can be filled with oil and no special measures are required to retain the oil.

[0035] 35. In an advantageous design, the rotational axes of the input shaft, the first intermediate shaft, and the second intermediate shaft are arranged within a circumferential angle range that maximally encompasses 180° with reference to the rotational axis of the output gear. The advantage here is that the shafts are received in the lower part because the meshing region is arranged in the lower half of the circumference. Accordingly, the main forces are transmitted through the lower part, for which the lower part is designed to be correspondingly strengthened, and the upper part only needs to be designed with a small wall thickness.

[0036] 36. In an advantageous design, the rotational axes of the input shaft and the first intermediate shaft are arranged on the side of the plane, in particular the separating plane or the dividing plane, that faces away from the upper part. The advantage here is that the shafts are received in the lower part because the meshing region is arranged in the lower half of the circumference. Accordingly, the main forces are transmitted through the lower part, for which the lower part is designed to be correspondingly strengthened, and the upper part only needs to be designed with a small wall thickness.

[0037] 37. In an advantageous design, the rotational axis of the second intermediate shaft lies in the plane. The advantage here is that the dividing plane, i.e., the separating plane, contains the rotational axis and thus precisely bisects the bearing receptacle of the second intermediate shaft in half by means of the plane.

[0038] 38. In an advantageous design, in particular in a side view, in particular in the viewing direction parallel to the rotational axis of the output gear, the upper part has a trapezoidal shape. The advantage here is that the upper part follows the circumference of the output gear (the largest toothed part of the speed reducer) at the smallest possible distance and can thus be designed as a semi-circle or trapezoid, wherein the trapezoidal embodiment allows for a flat outer surface part and enables a simple adaptation to the maximum extent of the contact surface between the lower part and the upper part.

[0039] 39. In an advantageous design, the bearing receptacle for the bearing of the output gear or the bearing receptacle for the bearing of the output shaft which is non-rotatably connected to the output gear and the bearing receptacle for the bearing of the second intermediate shaft are bisected by the plane, i.e., in particular, one half is arranged in the upper part and the other half is arranged in the lower part. The advantage here is that the gravity of the bearing and the shaft is introduced into the lower part. No significant forces have to be borne in the upper part.

[0040] 40. Further advantages are given by the dependent claims. The invention is not limited to the feature combinations of the claims. For a person skilled in the art, in particular for the purposes set and / or by comparison with the prior art, other reasonable combination possibilities of the claims and / or the features of the individual claims and / or the features of the description and / or the features of the drawings can be obtained. Description of the Drawings

[0041] 41. The invention will now be explained in detail with reference to the schematic drawings:

[0042] 42. In Figure 1 the toothed components of the speed reducer according to the invention are shown in an axonometric view.

[0043] 43. In Figure 2 the speed reducer is shown in an axonometric view, wherein the upper part 30 of the housing of the speed reducer has been removed.

[0044] 44. In Figure 3 the speed reducer is shown in a side view, wherein the upper part 30 is placed on the lower part 20. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

[0045] 45. As shown in the figures, the speed reducer according to the invention has two input shafts 1 which are parallel to each other and spaced apart from each other.

[0046] 46. Each input shaft has two toothed portions 5 and 7 which are spaced apart from each other, in particular axially spaced apart from each other.

[0047] 47. Here, the toothed portions (5, 7) are machined directly in the input shaft 1, or corresponding pinions or gears having the corresponding toothed portions (5, 7) are sleeved onto the input shaft 1 and connected to the input shaft in a non-rotatable manner, in particular in a form-locking manner.

[0048] 48. In the speed reducer, a first intermediate shaft 2 and a second intermediate shaft 3 are arranged in parallel with each input shaft 1.

[0049] 49. The first toothed portion 6 of the first intermediate shaft 2 meshes with the toothed portion 5 of the input shaft 1.

[0050] 50. The first toothed portion 8 of the second intermediate shaft 3 meshes with the toothed portion 7 of the input shaft 1.

[0051] 51. The second tooth portion of the first intermediate shaft 2 meshes with the output gear 4.

[0052] 52. The second tooth portion of the second intermediate shaft 3 meshes with the output gear 4.

[0053] 53. Thus, the torque introduced through the input shaft 1 is transmitted to the output gear 4 via four tooth portions in this way, where the four tooth portions are circumferentially spaced apart from each other in the rotational direction of the output gear 4.

[0054] 54. In particular, the meshing regions of the four gears are only distributed on the lower half of the output gear. This can make the housing structure, especially the structure of the split housing, simpler and enable simpler installation of the speed reducer.

[0055] 55. The housing of the speed reducer has a lower part 20 and an upper part 30 placed on the lower part.

[0056] 56. The two second intermediate shafts 3 are rotatably supported by rolling bearings, and the bearing receiving portions of the rolling bearings are formed half by the lower part 20 and half by the upper part 30. In particular, the respective outer rings of the corresponding rolling bearings are received half in the lower part 20 and half in the upper part 30 at their radial outer circumferential portions. Thus, simple installation can be achieved. Because when removing the upper part 30, only the corresponding second intermediate shaft 3 needs to be placed into the half of the bearing receiving portion formed by the lower part 20. Therefore, in a side view, especially in the viewing direction parallel to the rotational axis of the output gear 4, the upper part is designed to have a trapezoidal shape.

[0057] 57. Thus, in particular, the bearing receiving portions for the bearings of the second intermediate shaft 3, especially the outer rings of the bearings, are bisected.

[0058] 58. In order to receive the bearings of the input shaft 1 and the first intermediate shaft 2, especially rolling bearings, in the lower part 20, bearing holes are provided in the lower part 20. In particular, the bearing holes are designed to be through holes.

[0059] 59. The tooth portions (5, 6, 7, 8) that mesh with the output gear 4 or mesh with each other are located in the internal space surrounded by the housing of the speed reducer.

[0060] 60. The rotational axes of the output shaft 4 and the second intermediate shaft 3 together form a plane, which serves as a dividing plane, especially a separating plane, between the lower part 20 and the upper part 30. That is, this plane especially also includes the contact region between the upper part 30 and the lower part 20.

[0061] 61. Each of the toothing (5, 6, 7, 8), in particular the toothing of the input shaft 1 and the toothing of the intermediate shafts (2, 3) and the toothing of the output gear 4, is designed as an involute toothing.

[0062] 62. Here, the toothing of the respective input shaft 1 is designed as straight toothing, i.e. in particular with a zero helix angle. Likewise, the toothing (8, 6) of the intermediate shafts (2, 3) meshing with the toothing of the input shaft 1 is designed as straight toothing, i.e. in particular with a zero helix angle.

[0063] 63. In this way, the axial displacement of the input shaft 1 is compensated. In particular, however, the axial force introduced, for example, via the output gear is not transmitted to the input shaft and thus not to the electric motor driving the input shaft 1 either.

[0064] 64. In contrast, the toothing of the intermediate shafts (2, 3) meshing with the output gear 4 is designed as helical toothing, i.e. in particular with a non-zero helix angle, and is preferably designed as double toothing and / or herringbone toothing.

[0065] 65. In the upper part, there is only a bearing receiving part which is bisected for the outer ring of the bearing of the second intermediate shaft 3. There are no other bearing receiving parts in the upper part 30.

[0066] 66. The lower part 20 is designed as a basin shape so that lubricating oil can be received and the meshing area of the toothing is loaded with lubricating oil.

[0067] 67. The recess in the lower part 20 covered by the upper part 3 is large enough to enable the installation of the output gear 4, since this output gear is inserted when the upper part 30 is removed. Additionally, the second intermediate shaft 3 is inserted.

[0068] 68. As a rolling bearing for rotatably supporting the input shaft 1, a ball bearing can be used.

[0069] 69. According to the invention, the dividing plane contains the axis of rotation of the output gear 4. Thus, the axes of rotation of all the intermediate shafts (2, 3) whose toothing meshes with the output gear are arranged in the lower half of the circumferential angle range with reference to the axis of rotation of the output gear. Thus, due to the weight of the output gear 4 acting downwards in the direction of gravity, the stability of the speed reducer is achieved.

[0070] 70. Furthermore, the upper part 30 does not have to conduct the forces introduced through the bearings of the shafts, but only has to be connected to the lower part 20 in an oil-tight manner. In particular, for this purpose, a flat seal is arranged between the upper part 30 and the lower part 20.

[0071] 71. The rotational axes of the input shaft 1 and the four intermediate shafts (2, 3) cover a circumferential angle range of up to 180° with respect to the rotational axis of the output gear 4 as a reference. The advantage here is that the circumferential angle range covered by the upper part 30 does not include the rotational axes of the shafts. Here, two second intermediate shafts 3 are assigned to the circumferential angle range covered by the lower part 20.

[0072] 72. Ribs are constructed on the lower part 20 for strengthening, so the ribs improve the transmission of high-strength forces. The first rib in the ribs extends parallel to the dividing plane, particularly horizontally, and connects two bearing receiving parts formed in the lower part 20, namely, the bearing receiving parts of the bearings of the first intermediate shaft in particular.

[0073] 73. One or more second ribs in the ribs extend parallel to the normal direction, particularly vertically, and connect the bottom plate area of the lower part 20 with the bearing receiving part of the bearing of the output shaft for connecting with the output gear.

[0074] 74. In contrast, the upper part 30 does not have such ribs, particularly ribs connecting the bearing receiving parts.

[0075] 75. In a further embodiment according to the invention, the bearings of the intermediate shafts (2, 3) are designed as angular contact bearings, so that axial forces can also be transmitted through these bearings.

[0076] List of reference numerals:

[0077] 1 Input shaft

[0078] 2 First intermediate shaft

[0079] 3 Second intermediate shaft

[0080] 4 Output gear

[0081] 5 Tooth part

[0082] 6 Tooth part

[0083] 7 Tooth part

[0084] 8 Tooth part

[0085] 20 Lower part of the housing

[0086] 30 Upper part of the housing

Claims

1. A speed reducer, The speed reducer has at least two, in particular exactly two, input shafts, and the input shafts transmit torque to the output gear of the speed reducer through two intermediate shafts of the speed reducer respectively, Especially in the region of the internal space of the speed reducer that is at least partially filled with lubricating oil.

2. The speed reducer according to claim 1 in particular, It is characterized in that, Each input shaft has two tooth portions (5, 7) spaced apart from each other, in particular spaced apart from each other in the axial direction, The first tooth portions of the two tooth portions of each input shaft respectively mesh with the first tooth portions of the corresponding first intermediate shafts, The second tooth portions of the two tooth portions of each input shaft respectively mesh with the first tooth portions of the corresponding second intermediate shafts, The second tooth portions of the corresponding first intermediate shafts respectively mesh with the output gear, in particular mesh with the tooth portion of the output gear, The second tooth portions of the corresponding second intermediate shafts respectively mesh with the output gear, in particular mesh with the tooth portion of the output gear, In particular, the meshing region is arranged in the region of the internal space of the speed reducer that is at least partially filled with lubricating oil.

3. The speed reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that, The corresponding tooth portions (5, 7) of the input shaft (1) are directly machined in the input shaft (1), or are machined in the corresponding pinion or gear, and the pinion or gear is sleeved on the input shaft (1) and is connected to the input shaft (1) in a non-rotatable manner, in particular in a form-locking manner.

4. The speed reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that, The rotational axes of the input shaft, the intermediate shaft, and the output gear are parallel to each other.

5. The speed reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that, The meshing region of the tooth portions, in particular the meshing region arranged in the internal space region surrounded by the housing and at least partially filled with lubricating oil, is in particular arranged within the housing and is protected from dirt and dust from the environment.

6. The speed reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that, The housing has a lower part and an upper part, Bearing receiving portions are formed in the lower part, and bearings are received in the bearing receiving portions for rotatably supporting the input shaft or the first intermediate shaft, The upper part is connected to the lower part, In particular, the bearing receiving portion is designed as a hole passing through the lower part, in particular a bearing hole.

7. The speed reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that, The lower part contact surface of the lower part contacting the upper part is flat, wherein the contact surface is included in a plane, in particular a separating plane and / or a dividing plane, And / or, the lower part contact surface of the lower part contacting the upper part is interrupted multiple times, that is, in particular not designed to be continuous without interruption.

8. The speed reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that, The lower part is designed as a basin shape.

9. The speed reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that, The upper part is placed on the lower part, in particular by a simple translational movement, in particular along the direction of gravity, placed on the lower part, And / or, A seal, in particular a flat seal, is arranged between the upper part and the lower part.

10. The speed reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plane contains the axis of rotation of the output gear and the axis of rotation of the second intermediate shaft.

11. The speed reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the lower part, the corresponding first halves of the bearing receiving parts of the bearings of the respective second intermediate shafts are respectively constructed, in particular, the corresponding second halves of the bearing receiving parts of the bearings are constructed in the upper part, in particular, so that half of the outer ring of the bearing of the respective second intermediate shaft is received in the lower part and the other half is received in the upper part.

12. The speed reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plane is a horizontal plane.

13. The speed reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axes of rotation of the input shaft, the first intermediate shaft and the second intermediate shaft are arranged within a circumferential angle range of at most 180° with reference to the axis of rotation of the output gear, and / or, the axes of rotation of the input shaft and the first intermediate shaft are arranged on the side of the plane, in particular the separating plane or the dividing plane, facing away from the upper part, and / or, the axis of rotation of the second intermediate shaft lies in the plane.

14. The speed reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in particular in a side view, in particular in the viewing direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the output gear, the upper part has a trapezoidal shape.

15. The speed reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing receiving part for the bearing of the output gear or the bearing receiving part for the bearing of the output shaft connected to the output gear in a non-rotatable manner and the bearing receiving part for the bearing of the second intermediate shaft are bisected by the plane, that is, in particular, half is arranged in the upper part and the other half is arranged in the lower part.

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