Shaped element, energy storage device, structural component and method for producing shaped element

Abstract

The invention relates to a shaped element for arrangement on a temperature-adjustable element, the temperature-adjustable element preferably can be an energy storage element, for example an electrochemical energy storage cell, the shaped element comprising at least one receiving region for receiving at least one section of the temperature-adjustable element in the shaped element, and a shaped element material, the density of the polymer is up to 0.75 g / cm < 3 >, preferably up to 0.65 g / cm < 3 >, particularly preferably up to 0.55 g / cm < 3 >.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of temperature regulation, in particular to the technical field of temperature regulation of energy storage devices, for example, the technical field of temperature regulation of electrochemical energy storage devices for driving motor vehicles. Background Art

[0002] A variety of suggestions have been put forward to improve the efficiency and range of fully or partially electrically driven motor vehicles.

[0003] Currently, efforts are being made to design the temperature regulation, especially the cooling, of electrochemical energy storage devices such that as little energy as possible is consumed for this purpose and at the same time the mass of the motor vehicle is not increased in an unnecessary way. Thus, a higher share of the energy that can be stored in the energy storage device can be directly used to drive a motor vehicle that is as light as possible. However, there is still a great need for improvement in this regard. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an efficient energy storage device and / or its components in the simplest possible way.

[0005] According to the present invention, this object is achieved by a shaping element according to the relevant technical solution.

[0006] The shaping element is a shaping element for arrangement at a temperature-adjustable element. This can in particular mean that the shaping element is adapted to be arranged at a temperature-adjustable element.

[0007] In particular, every element that can or must be supplied with heat or from which heat can be removed during normal use can be considered as a temperature-adjustable element. Thus, the temperature-adjustable element can be an element to be temperature-regulated, especially an element to be temperature-regulated during normal use.

[0008] Preferably, the temperature-adjustable element can be an energy storage element. The energy storage element can in particular be a storage element adapted to store electrical energy.

[0009] Preferably, the energy storage element can be an electrochemical or electrophysical energy storage cell, for example, an electrochemical energy storage cell.

[0010] The electrophysical energy storage cell can be, for example, a capacitor cell.

[0011] The electrochemical energy storage cell can advantageously be a battery cell, for example, a rechargeable lithium-ion battery cell.

[0012] Of course, the shaping element for arrangement at a temperature-adjustable element can at the same time be adapted to be arranged at other temperature-adjustable elements. Particularly advantageously, the shaping element can be a shaping element for arrangement at a plurality of temperature-adjustable elements.

[0013] In connection with the present invention, it has been found that the forming element can particularly advantageously be used as a displacement body in an electrochemical energy storage device using immersion cooling. Immersion cooling can be achieved by means of a temperature-regulating fluid, in particular by means of a temperature-regulating liquid, such as a dielectric oil. Thereby, the volume required for the temperature-regulating fluid in the housing of the energy storage device can be reduced, and at the same time weight optimization can be achieved.

[0014] The present invention is based on the further concept that the positioning and / or fixing of the energy storage elements in the energy storage device can be achieved in a simple manner, and that the position and shape of the temperature-regulating zones allowing efficient temperature regulation of the energy storage elements can be designed and adjusted in a simple manner.

[0015] Particularly advantageously, the forming element can be a plastic forming element. The plastic forming element can be composed entirely or in part of plastic. Preferably, at least 50% by weight, advantageously at least 60% by weight, in particular at least 70% by weight, particularly preferably at least 80% by weight, for example at least 90% by weight of the plastic forming element can be composed of plastic. The given weight fractions are based on the mass of the forming element.

[0016] The forming element, such as a plastic forming element, can be a forming element, such as a plastic forming element, obtained or obtainable by molding, such as injection molding.

[0017] The forming element, such as a plastic forming element, can be a forming element, such as a plastic forming element, obtained or obtainable by the method according to the present invention.

[0018] Preferably, the forming element can comprise:

[0019] - at least one receiving zone for receiving at least one section of a temperature-regulatable element into the forming element; and

[0020] - a forming element material having a density of at most 0.75 g / cm 3 , preferably at most 0.65 g / cm 3 , particularly preferably at most 0.55 g / cm 3 .

[0021] Preferably, the forming element can comprise at least two receiving zones for receiving the respective sections of at least two temperature-regulatable elements into the forming element, for example a plurality of receiving zones for receiving the respective sections of a plurality of temperature-regulatable elements into the forming element.

[0022] The term "plurality" can advantageously refer in the present context to a number of at least 10, preferably at least 50, particularly preferably at least 200, for example at least 250.

[0023] The term "plurality" can advantageously refer herein to a number of up to 100,000, for example up to 50,000.

[0024] Each sufficiently large recess of the forming element can be considered as a receiving area in which a section of the temperature-regulating element can be located. In the receiving area, the forming element material can be left empty so that a section of the temperature-regulating element can be located in this empty area.

[0025] The forming element and in particular the receiving area allow the cell holder or other auxiliary devices commonly used for arranging energy storage elements in an energy storage device to be completely or fully dispensed with.

[0026] Advantageously, at least one receiving area can be configured such that the section of the temperature-regulating element that can be received in the receiving area is surrounded by the forming element material when the section is received in the receiving area, for example surrounded by the forming element material on all sides.

[0027] Particularly advantageously, at least one receiving area can be configured to receive at least one cylindrical or prismatic section of the temperature-regulating element into the forming element. The cylindrical or prismatic section of the temperature-regulating element can be a section of an energy storage element, for example a cylindrical or prismatic section of a cylindrical or prismatic electrochemical energy storage cell.

[0028] The forming element material can preferably be a forming element plastic material.

[0029] Advantageously, the forming element can be used for arranging at the temperature-regulating element.

[0030] Particularly advantageously, the forming element can be used for arranging at the temperature-regulating element such that the temperature-regulating fluid is at least partially displaced by the forming element.

[0031] The temperature-regulating fluid described herein is preferably a temperature-regulating liquid, in particular a dielectric temperature-regulating liquid, such as dielectric oil.

[0032] Weight optimization can be achieved by the present invention. Weight optimization is particularly strongly affected when the density of the forming element material is significantly lower than the density of the temperature-regulating fluid.

[0033] Particularly advantageously, the forming element can be used to partially displace the temperature-regulating fluid in an energy storage device, for example to partially displace the temperature-regulating fluid in an electrochemical energy storage device.

[0034] The density of the forming element material can particularly preferably be at most 0.55 g / cm 3 . Most preferably, the density of the forming element material can be at most 0.50 g / cm 3 , for example at most 0.45 g / cm 3 .

[0035] Generally, the density of the forming element material is at least 0.003 g / cm 3 、for example at least 0.01 g / cm 3 .

[0036] For example, the density of the forming element material can be determined in the following manner, that is, first separating a part of the forming element material. The part of the forming element material separated for density determination can be a cuboid with defined side lengths. By ascertaining the volume of this part in a calculated manner and dividing the mass obtained by weighing this part by the volume ascertained in a calculated manner.

[0037] The forming element can be partially or completely composed of the forming element material.

[0038] Advantageously, the forming element material occupies at least 50% of the volume of the forming element, preferably at least 70% of the volume of the forming element, for example at least 90% of the volume of the forming element. The forming element material can advantageously occupy, for example, at least 95% of the volume of the forming element, and extremely preferably 100% of the volume of the forming element.

[0039] The volume of the forming element is limited by the surface profile of the forming element. Recesses, such as receiving areas, are not included in the volume of the forming element.

[0040] The forming element can be a forming element formed from the forming element material.

[0041] When the forming element material occupies less than 100% of the volume of the forming element, the forming element can advantageously also include a layer in addition to the forming element material. If the forming element material has open cavities that are accessible to the temperature-regulating fluid, the layer can, for example, help prevent the temperature-regulating liquid from penetrating into the cavities of the forming element material.

[0042] It is feasible that the layer included in the forming element contains or consists of a conductive material. The layer can preferably contain aluminum, for example aluminum foil. This can be advantageous because at least partial electromagnetic shielding can be additionally achieved using the forming element.

[0043] The forming element material can preferably be located in a layer composite having a layer.

[0044] Advantageously, the minimum material thickness of the forming element material is at most 4 mm, especially at most 3 mm, preferably at most 2 mm, particularly preferably at most 1.5 mm, for example at most 1.4 mm. The minimum material thickness can especially be the minimum material thickness that the forming element material has between adjacent receiving areas.

[0045] Particularly advantageous may be that the density of the forming element material and the minimum material thickness of the forming element material are so small that the areal density (Feingliedrigkeit) of the forming element, calculated by multiplying the density by the minimum material thickness, is at most 0.15 g / cm 2 、in particular at most 0.12 g / cm 2 、preferably at most 0.10 g / cm 2 、particularly preferably at most 0.08 g / cm 2 、for example at most 0.075 g / cm 2 。

[0046] Extremely advantageous may be that the areal density is at most 0.06 g / cm 2 、for example at most 0.035 g / cm 2 。By means of the small material thickness, the energy storage elements can be precisely positioned very close to each other by the forming element in the energy storage device. When the minimum material thickness of the forming element is in the section of the forming element that extends between the energy storage elements, the minimum distance between two adjacent energy storage elements can be controlled by the minimum material thickness.

[0047] Maintaining the described areal density can also ensure the greatest possible weight reduction.

[0048] Advantageously, the density of the forming element material can be so small and the forming element material can taper between at least two adjacent receiving areas to such an extent that the resulting areal density is at most 0.15 g / cm 2 、in particular at most 0.10 g / cm 2 、preferably at most 0.08 g / cm 2 、for example at most 0.075 g / cm 2 。Extremely advantageous may be that the resulting areal density is at most 0.06 g / cm 2 、for example at most 0.035 g / cm 2 。

[0049] Advantageous may be that the number of receiving areas comprised by the forming element is at least two, and the minimum material thickness is the minimum material thickness measured between two adjacent receiving areas, for example between these two receiving areas.

[0050] Thus, the present invention can in particular contribute to achieving a uniform spacing between energy storage units and a significant weight optimization in the case of a minimum spacing between energy storage units in an energy storage device. Here, precisely maintaining the spacing is particularly important for the uniform temperature regulation of the energy storage elements. Falling below the minimum spacing between the energy storage elements can lead to the energy storage elements of the energy storage device being less well temperature-regulated compared to other energy storage elements. Thus, the temperature-regulating fluid flow can be largely inhibited due to falling below the minimum spacing between these energy storage elements, and this can promote the undesired overheating of these energy storage units arranged too close to each other. This can damage the service life of the entire energy storage device and also the operating safety of the energy storage device. The present invention can address this in a particularly simple manner.

[0051] It can be particularly advantageous if the forming element is planar forming element, and the minimum material thickness is measured in the central plane of the planar forming element, where the central plane divides the planar forming element into two halves, the volumes of which each occupy 50% of the volume of the forming element.

[0052] The central plane is imaginary and only serves to define the plane of the forming element. The normal of the central plane can in particular extend in a direction parallel to the receiving direction, where the receiving direction is the direction along which a temperature-regulatable element can be introduced into at least one receiving area.

[0053] Preferably, the planar forming element can be a planar forming element comprising a plurality of receiving areas and a plurality of wall areas, where the wall areas each separate adjacent receiving areas from one another.

[0054] It can be advantageous if the forming element is a planar forming element, and the minimum material thickness is measured in a direction orthogonal to the central plane of the planar forming element, where the central plane divides the planar forming element into two halves, the volumes of which each occupy 50% of the volume of the forming element.

[0055] The cross-section of at least one receiving area can be circular, rectangular or rectangular with chamfers, where the cross-section is preferably the cross-section of at least one receiving area in the central plane.

[0056] The possibility that the cross-section can be rectangular or rectangular with chamfers also includes the possibility that the cross-section is square or square with chamfers.

[0057] Such cross-sections of at least one receiving area enable the reception of cylindrical and prismatic energy storage elements. The prismatic energy storage elements have a cross-section that is rectangular with chamfers.

[0058] When the shaping element comprises at least two or more receiving areas, the description regarding the cross-section preferably applies to the plurality of receiving areas, for example to all receiving areas.

[0059] Advantageously, the shaping element can be a planar shaping element, wherein the surrounding edge of the planar shaping element defines the total area of the shaping element, and the shaping element has a receiving area within the surrounding edge, the total area of which receiving area is at least 75%, for example at least 80%, of the total area of the shaping element.

[0060] In the present context, a shaping element is particularly referred to as a planar shaping element if the maximum dimension of the shaping element in a first spatial direction and the maximum dimension of the shaping element in a second spatial direction are each at least three times the maximum dimension of the shaping element in a third spatial direction, wherein the second spatial direction is preferably oriented orthogonally to the first spatial direction, and the third spatial direction is preferably oriented orthogonally to the first spatial direction and orthogonally to the second spatial direction.

[0061] It is not important for determining whether the shaping element is a planar shaping element that the shaping element is not closed in a plane because it may have, for example, a receiving area extending through the shaping element.

[0062] The surrounding edge of the planar shaping element encloses the total area of the shaping element.

[0063] The total area of the receiving area can be the area occupied by the receiving area in the central plane.

[0064] When the total area of the receiving area is at least 75%, for example at least 80%, of the total area of the shaping element, there are additional advantages in terms of energy density and temperature regulation. When the energy storage element occupies such a large share of the area, it can be desirable in terms of energy density and temperature regulation.

[0065] It can be advantageous if at least one receiving area tapers in the receiving direction, along which the temperature-regulatable element can be received into the receiving area. This can in particular contribute to the energy storage device being provided in a simpler manner, since in such a tapered case the energy storage element can be more easily received into the receiving area.

[0066] It can be particularly advantageous if the shaping element material has cavities. The cavities can be, for example, pores.

[0067] Very particularly advantageously, at least a part of the cavities, for example pores, can be closed and / or inaccessible to the temperature-regulating fluid. Preferably, a physical barrier can be formed by the shaping element material, which prevents the temperature-regulating fluid from penetrating into the inaccessible cavities. Cavities, for example pores, that are inaccessible to the temperature-regulating fluid can be encapsulated in the shaping element material.

[0068] Particularly advantageous may be that the forming element material comprises particles, and the particles have cavities, such as pores.

[0069] The term particles may refer, for example, to the particles of the forming element material. The particles are not restricted in their shape.

[0070] The particles may have an irregular or approximately regular shape. They may be substantially round or angular.

[0071] The particles may be elongated. This may particularly mean that the dimension of the particles in a first direction is significantly greater than the dimensions of the particles in a second and a third direction.

[0072] The particles may be planar. This may particularly mean that the dimensions of the particles in a first and a second direction are each significantly greater than the dimension of the particles in a third direction.

[0073] The particles may be compact. This may particularly mean that the dimensions of the particles in a first, a second and a third direction are correspondingly similar.

[0074] The directions used to describe the shape of the particles may preferably have an angle of 90° with respect to each other.

[0075] The particles may be, for example, fine grains, beads and / or shaped beads. The particles may be composed entirely or in part of foam material.

[0076] The above explanations regarding the shape of the particles and their properties may of course also apply to the microparticles described herein.

[0077] Very particularly advantageously, at least a part of the cavities, such as pores, may be closed and / or inaccessible to the temperature-regulating fluid. At least a part of the particles preferably may have a physical barrier made of the particle material, which prevents the temperature-regulating fluid from penetrating into the inaccessible cavities. Cavities, such as pores, that are inaccessible to the temperature-regulating fluid may be encapsulated in the particle material.

[0078] Preferably, the forming element material may be a forming element plastic material, and the forming element plastic material comprises plastic particles, wherein the plastic particles have cavities, such as pores.

[0079] Very particularly advantageously, at least a part of the cavities, such as pores, may be closed and / or inaccessible to the temperature-regulating fluid. At least a part of the plastic particles preferably may have a physical barrier made of the plastic material, which prevents the temperature-regulating fluid from penetrating into the inaccessible cavities. Cavities, such as pores, that are inaccessible to the temperature-regulating fluid may be encapsulated in the plastic material.

[0080] Particles, such as plastic particles, can be microparticles, such as plastic microparticles. The average particle size that can be determined under a microscope can preferably be in the range of 1 μm to 1000 μm, advantageously in the range of 1 μm to 300 μm.

[0081] Microscopic determination can preferably be achieved by observing the cut surface under a microscope in a cross-section of the forming element material. Here, the average particle size can be approximated by determining the average diameter of the particles visible and possibly cut in the cut surface.

[0082] It can be particularly advantageous if the forming element material is a particulate foam material. For example, the forming element plastic material can be a plastic particulate foam material.

[0083] Particulate foam materials have long been known and are widely documented in the literature, for example, see Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 4th Edition, Volume 20, page 416 et seq.

[0084] The forming element plastic material can in particular be a plastic microparticle foam material.

[0085] The plastic microparticles comprised by the plastic microparticle foam material can have cavities, such as pores. At least a part of the cavities, such as pores, can be encapsulated by the forming element plastic material and are thus not accessible to the temperature-regulating fluid.

[0086] Particulate foam materials are also known to the person skilled in the art as particulate foams.

[0087] It can be particularly advantageous if the forming element material comprises a particulate foam. It can be very particularly advantageous if the forming element plastic material comprises a plastic particulate foam.

[0088] The plastic particulate foam can preferably be a plastic microparticle foam.

[0089] The particles with cavities described herein can have one or more cavities for each particle. The particles with cavities described herein can be single-pored particles, multi-pored particles or a mixture of single-pored and multi-pored particles. Single-pored and multi-pored plastic microparticles are described, for example, in US Patent No. 3,615,972.

[0090] The term "plastic" in connection with the present invention preferably refers to "thermoplastic".

[0091] The plastic forming element is preferably a thermoplastic forming element.

[0092] The plastic material is preferably a thermoplastic material. The forming element plastic material is preferably a forming element thermoplastic material. The plastic particulate foam material is preferably a thermoplastic particulate foam material.

[0093] The plastic particle foam is preferably a thermoplastic plastic particle foam. The plastic micro-particle foam is preferably a thermoplastic plastic micro-particle foam.

[0094] The plastic particles are preferably thermoplastic plastic particles. The plastic micro-particles are preferably thermoplastic plastic micro-particles.

[0095] Advantageously, the particles of the forming element material or the particle foam material or the plastic particles of the forming element plastic material may preferably have a connecting auxiliary material on their outer surfaces. The connecting auxiliary material may have connecting auxiliary material particles, especially polymer particles, such as resin particles. The particles or plastic particles having the connecting auxiliary material may preferably have connecting auxiliary material particles on their outer surfaces. Advantageously:

[0096] - The particles or plastic particles are connected to each other or can be connected to each other by means of the connecting auxiliary material;

[0097] and / or

[0098] - The particles or plastic particles can be connectable to at least one section of the temperature-adjustable element at the receiving area by means of the connecting auxiliary material.

[0099] The plastic, especially the forming element plastic material and / or the plastic of the plastic particles, may preferably be polyamide (abbreviation: PA). The polyamide may preferably be selected from:

[0100] - Aliphatic polyamides, such as polyamides made from ε-caprolactam, especially polycaprolactam (abbreviation PA6), polyamides made from hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid (abbreviation PA6.6), or polyamides made from hexamethylenediamine and sebacic acid (abbreviation PA6.10),

[0101] - Semi-aromatic polyamides, which may for example be composed of monomers partly derived from aromatic parent bodies and partly derived from aliphatic parent bodies, such as polyamides made from hexamethylenediamine and terephthalic acid (abbreviation: PA6T),

[0102] - Homopolyamides, where the homopolyamides may for example be derived from aminocarboxylic acids, lactams or homopolyamides of diamines and dicarboxylic acids, such as PA6 or PA6.6,

[0103] - Copolyamides, where the copolyamides may for example be derived from a plurality of different monomers, such as polyamides made from caprolactam, hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid (abbreviation: PA6 / 66) or polyamides made from hexamethylenediamine, adipic acid and sebacic acid (abbreviation: PA66 / 610)), and

[0104] - Mixtures composed of at least two of the mentioned polyamides, such as mixtures composed of copolyamides and homopolyamides.

[0105] Advantageously, the connecting auxiliary material is selected from connecting auxiliary materials that can achieve the connection between the particles or plastic particles or the connection with at least one section of the temperature-adjustable element at a temperature at which the particles or plastic particles remain stable. Advantageously, the connection between the particles or plastic particles or the connection with at least one section of the temperature-adjustable element is facilitated by forming a chemical bond, in particular a covalent bond, or is facilitated by forming a chemical bond, in particular a covalent bond.

[0106] The connecting auxiliary material, such as connecting auxiliary material particles, can be functionalized, for example, by means of bonded structural elements. The bonded structural elements can achieve the formation of chemical bonds, in particular covalent bonds, which can facilitate the connection between the particles or plastic particles or the connection with at least one section of the temperature-adjustable element, or can participate in such chemical bonds, in particular covalent bonds.

[0107] The connecting auxiliary material can, for example, be a two-component connecting material, which can in particular have a resin particle component and a curing agent component or can be made of a resin particle component and a curing agent component. The connecting auxiliary material particles can in particular include the resin particles of the resin particle component.

[0108] A person skilled in the art knows two-component connecting materials, for example, from two-component adhesives. Combinations of functionalized resin particle components and curing agent components known from the field of two-component adhesives can be used as the connecting auxiliary materials described herein.

[0109] Advantageously, the connecting auxiliary material can be or have a thermoplastic, such as polyamide. The connecting auxiliary material can, for example, be or have a thermoplastic, such as a polyamide that softens and / or melts and / or can be bonded at a temperature below that of the plastic material of the forming element and / or the polyamide of the plastic particles.

[0110] The polyamide of the connecting auxiliary material can also be selected from the polyamides mentioned above or mixtures thereof.

[0111] Particularly advantageously, at least a part of the cavities, such as pores, is closed and / or inaccessible to the temperature-regulating fluid.

[0112] Particularly advantageously, at least a part of the cavities, such as pores, is open and / or accessible to the temperature-regulating fluid.

[0113] For example, a part of the cavities, such as pores, can be closed and / or inaccessible to the temperature-regulating fluid. Another part of the cavities, such as pores, can be open and / or accessible to the temperature-regulating fluid.

[0114] It can be very particularly advantageous if closed and / or non-accessible cavities for the temperature-regulating fluid, such as pores, of the forming element material are surrounded by open and / or accessible cavities for the temperature-regulating fluid, such as pores, of the forming element material.

[0115] For example, it can be advantageous if the forming element material is a particulate foam material and / or contains particles, wherein at least a portion of the open and / or accessible cavities for the temperature-regulating fluid, such as pores, of the forming element material extends around the particles, and the particles have at least a portion of closed and / or non-accessible cavities for the temperature-regulating fluid, such as pores.

[0116] It can be advantageous if the forming element material, such as the forming element plastic material, is biporous. This can in particular mean that the forming element material has a closed and / or non-accessible portion of cavities, such as pores, and also has an open and / or accessible portion of cavities, such as pores. Alternatively, this can in particular mean that the forming element material has a portion of cavities, such as pores, located within the particles of the forming element material and a portion of cavities, such as pores, that extends around the particles of the forming element material.

[0117] It can be particularly advantageous if the forming element permanently tolerates at least one dielectric temperature-regulating fluid.

[0118] The term "dielectric temperature-regulating fluid" can in particular refer to "dielectric temperature-regulating liquid", preferably to "dielectric oil".

[0119] Preferably, when the forming element is not eroded by the temperature-regulating fluid, such as dissolved, softened or swollen, the forming element can be considered to permanently tolerate the dielectric temperature-regulating fluid. In particular, when the forming element material is wholly or partly soluble in the temperature-regulating fluid, the forming element can be dissolved by the temperature-regulating fluid. In particular, when the temperature-regulating fluid or a constituent part of the temperature-regulating fluid is soluble in the forming element material or at least a portion of the temperature-regulating fluid is absorbed by the forming element, the forming element can be softened or swollen by the temperature-regulating fluid.

[0120] For example, when at least one of the following conditions (a) or (b) is met with respect to the dielectric temperature-regulating fluid, the forming element can be considered to permanently tolerate the dielectric temperature-regulating fluid:

[0121] (a) The rigidity of the forming element remains substantially unchanged after being continuously exposed to the temperature-regulating fluid maintained at 60 °C for 168 hours;

[0122] (b) The compressibility of the forming element remains substantially unchanged after being continuously exposed to the temperature-regulating fluid maintained at 60 °C for 168 hours.

[0123] For example, when the following two conditions (a) and (b) are satisfied especially with respect to a dielectric temperature-control fluid, the shaped element can be considered to be permanently resistant to the dielectric temperature-control fluid.

[0124] The exposure can preferably be an exposure in which at least all of the following surface regions of the shaped element are in contact with the temperature-control fluid, and these surface regions are in contact with the temperature-control fluid during the normal use of the shaped element in, for example, an energy storage device.

[0125] When the corresponding characteristics, namely rigidity and / or compressibility, change by at most 50%, for example at most 25%, after 168 hours of continuous exposure in a temperature-control fluid maintained at 60 °C, they can be considered to be substantially unchanged. The corresponding characteristics can be measured, for example, at 20 °C before and after the exposure, where the shaped element is maintained at 20 °C for so long after the exposure until the entire shaped element has cooled to this temperature.

[0126] For the stiffness of the shaped element, the consumption of force in the case where the shaped element is subjected to torque can be considered to be critical, for example. For example, two opposite ends or edges of the shaped element can be twisted 3 degrees relative to each other, and the consumption of force required therefor before and after the exposure can be compared with each other.

[0127] For the compressibility of the shaped element, the consumption of force in the case where the shaped element is compressed can be considered to be critical, for example. A punch arranged on the surface of the shaped element around a receiving area can be pressed into the shaped element, for example, until a determined depth, which can be, for example, 5% of the thickness of the shaped element at the receiving area, and the forces to be consumed therefor before and after the exposure can be compared with each other. The force to be consumed can be determined at one receiving area before the exposure and at another receiving area after the exposure.

[0128] For example, for determining whether the shaped element is permanently resistant to at least one dielectric temperature-control fluid, it can be critical whether the shaped element is permanently resistant to one of the following comparative temperature-control liquids: monoethylene glycol, decane. Decane is lipophilic. Monoethylene glycol is hydrophilic.

[0129] It can be very particularly advantageous if the shaped element is permanently resistant to at least these two comparative temperature-control liquids.

[0130] These two comparative temperature-control liquids are particularly suitable for testing. They can be considered to represent a variety of commercially common temperature-control liquids in view of their hydrophilicity and lipophilicity and thus in view of their action on typical shaped element materials.

[0131] It can be advantageous if the shaped element is sealed.

[0132] For example, the sealant can be arranged at at least one surface area of the forming element, which comes into contact with a temperature-regulating fluid during the normal use of the forming element, for example in an energy storage device.

[0133] It can be advantageous if the forming element is sealed such that the sealed forming element has a higher tolerance to at least one dielectric temperature-regulating fluid compared to the unsealed forming element. This can be tested by the processing methods described above.

[0134] It can be advantageous if the forming element has an adhesion promoter at least in the receiving area. Advantageously, the adhesion promoter can improve or facilitate the adhesion of at least one section of the temperature-adjustable element to the forming element at this location.

[0135] It can be advantageous to seal the forming element using an adhesion promoter.

[0136] According to the present invention, this object is achieved by an energy storage device according to the technical solution related thereto.

[0137] The energy storage device can in particular be an electrochemical energy storage device or an electrophysical energy storage device.

[0138] Preferably, the energy storage device is an electrochemical energy storage device.

[0139] The energy storage device can for example be a battery device.

[0140] Of course, the energy storage devices, electrochemical energy storage devices, battery devices, energy storage elements, electrochemical energy storage cells and battery cells mentioned herein are preferably rechargeable.

[0141] The energy storage device can in particular include:

[0142] - at least one energy storage element, preferably at least one electrochemical energy storage element, such as at least one battery cell; and

[0143] - at least one forming element according to the present invention,

[0144] wherein at least one section of at least one energy storage element is received in at least one receiving area of the forming element.

[0145] The energy storage device can preferably include a plurality of energy storage elements. Preferably, at least one section of each energy storage element can be respectively received in the receiving area of the forming element.

[0146] The section of the energy storage element received in the receiving area of the forming element can also be referred to as the received section.

[0147] The energy storage device can advantageously include a temperature control zone in which a temperature control fluid can be guided.

[0148] The receiving section of at least one energy storage element can be received in at least one receiving zone of the shaping element, and the temperature control section of at least one energy storage element can extend into or through at least one temperature control zone.

[0149] Then, the shaping element can in particular occupy a space that might otherwise be flowed through by the temperature control fluid in the absence of the shaping element. Then, the larger the temperature control zone, the correspondingly larger the mass of the temperature control fluid that can be guided within the energy storage device.

[0150] Preferably, at least one energy storage element can be connected to at least one shaping element in a materially engaging manner.

[0151] When the energy storage device includes a plurality of energy storage elements, preferably a plurality of the energy storage elements can be connected to at least one shaping element in a materially engaging manner. Then, preferably, all the energy storage elements can be connected to at least one shaping element in a materially engaging manner.

[0152] It can be particularly advantageous if at least one energy storage element is connected to at least one shaping element in a materially engaging manner, where preferably the receiving section can be connected to the receiving zone in a materially engaging manner.

[0153] When the energy storage device includes a plurality of energy storage elements connected to at least one shaping element in a materially engaging manner, the respective receiving sections of the plurality of energy storage elements can preferably be connected to the respective receiving zones in a materially engaging manner.

[0154] It can be particularly advantageous if the shaping element is the shaping element according to the invention described herein and the particles of the shaping element or plastic particles are connected to at least one section of the temperature-adjustable element at the receiving zone by means of a connection aid.

[0155] It can be particularly advantageous if the materially engaging connection is an indirect materially engaging connection. Preferably, the indirect materially engaging connection can be effected by means of a potting material and / or an adhesion promoter.

[0156] The potting material and / or the adhesion promoter can preferably contain a resin material. The resin material can be an epoxy resin material, a phenolic resin material, an aminoplast material, a polyurethane material, a silicone material, a polyester resin material or an ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) resin material.

[0157] Alternatively, the indirect materially engaging connection can be effected by a material different from the potting material. The material can be, for example, an adhesive.

[0158] Indirect material - fitting connections can be achieved through potting materials or through adhesives.

[0159] It can be particularly advantageous if at least one energy storage element and at least one shaped element are connected in a material - fitting manner by a layer, such as a potting material layer, disposed on the surface of at least one shaped element, where the layer, such as the potting material layer, extends up to the surface of at least one energy storage element. Thus, a material - fitting fluid - tight connection can be established in a simple manner by applying the potting material and thereby simultaneously achieving an isolation seal for the temperature - control zone.

[0160] It can be advantageous if the receiving zone tapers around a section of at least one energy storage element received in at least one receiving zone of the shaped element, and the tapered space between the energy storage element and the shaped element in the receiving zone is at least partially filled.

[0161] The tapered space can preferably be at least partially filled with potting material.

[0162] It can be advantageous if the layer, such as the potting material layer, extends up to the surface of at least one energy storage element and into the tapered space.

[0163] The material - fitting connection can be a direct material - fitting connection. The direct material - fitting connection can preferably be a direct material - fitting connection between the shaped - element material at the receiving zone and the receiving section.

[0164] The direct material - fitting connection between at least one energy storage element and at least one shaped element can advantageously be achieved, for example, by constructing at least one shaped element at the surface of at least one energy storage element in the presence of at least one energy storage element. For this purpose, at least one energy storage element can preferably be at least partially introduced into the mold in which the shaped element is manufactured, or form part of the mold in which the shaped element is manufactured. Here, the shaped element is preferably manufactured according to the method described herein.

[0165] Preferably, the energy storage device can include at least two temperature - control zones, in which temperature - control fluid can be guided accordingly. At least one energy storage element can extend through at least one shaped element. One of the temperature - control zones can extend on one side of at least one shaped element. The other temperature - control zone can extend on the other side of at least one shaped element.

[0166] It can be advantageous if the energy storage device includes more than two temperature - control zones, in which temperature - control fluid can be guided accordingly. Preferably, the respective shaped elements can extend between two of the temperature - control zones.

[0167] The energy storage device may include a second forming element, and at least one energy storage element may extend through at least one temperature control zone constructed between the forming elements such that a temperature control fluid can be guided around the energy storage element between the forming elements therein.

[0168] It may be particularly advantageous if a first receiving section of at least one energy storage element is received in at least one receiving zone of one of the two forming elements and a second receiving section of at least one energy storage element is received in at least one receiving zone of the other of the two forming elements.

[0169] The forming element may have a temperature control fluid guiding section by means of which the temperature control fluid that can be guided along the surface of the forming element can be deflected, and / or include a forming element transition section in which the forming element transitions from a first forming element zone to a second forming element zone.

[0170] The temperature control fluid guiding section may include a forming element notch through which the temperature control fluid can be guided. Through the forming element notch, the temperature control fluid can, for example, be guided from the surface of the forming element through the forming element to the second surface of the forming element, or be guided, for example, back-guided through a channel in the forming element.

[0171] The first forming element zone may include at least one receiving zone for receiving at least one section of a temperature controllable element. The second forming element zone may include at least one second receiving zone for receiving at least one second section of the same temperature controllable element. The temperature control fluid can be guided between the two forming element zones around the temperature control section of the temperature controllable element.

[0172] Preferably, the surface of the energy storage element at the receiving section does not differ from the surface of the energy storage element at other sections. The receiving section is preferably only separated from the other sections in such a way that the receiving section of the energy storage element can be received in the receiving zone of the forming element. Thus, the term "receiving section" is used in particular to name the surface area of the energy storage element that is received in the receiving zone of the forming element.

[0173] Preferably, the energy storage device may include at least one housing element. It may be particularly preferred if the energy storage device includes a housing.

[0174] The housing may include a plurality of housing elements (such as wall elements), one or more bottom elements, and one or more cover elements.

[0175] At least one forming element or at least one of the forming elements may be mounted at the housing element.

[0176] At least one forming element or at least one of the forming elements may preferably be connected to the housing element in a form-fitting manner.

[0177] The connection in material cooperation with the housing element can be an indirect connection in material cooperation. Preferably, the indirect connection in material cooperation can be facilitated by potting material. Alternatively, the forming element can preferably be connected to the housing element, such as the surface of the housing element, in a material - fitting manner. Advantageously, the forming element material can be connected to the surface of the housing element in a material - fitting manner.

[0178] The direct connection in material cooperation between the forming element and the housing element can be achieved, for example, by making the forming element at the surface of the housing element. For this purpose, the housing element can be introduced into a mold in which the forming element is manufactured, or the surface of a mold in which the forming element is manufactured can be provided. The manufacturing can be carried out according to the methods described herein.

[0179] It can be particularly advantageous that the energy storage device includes other energy storage elements and a housing that encloses a space for receiving the energy storage elements, wherein the energy storage elements occupy a first volume fraction of the space, at least one forming element occupies a second volume fraction of the space, and a third volume fraction of the space can be occupied by a temperature - regulating fluid. Here, the second volume fraction can be at least 40%, preferably at least 80%, for example at least 125% of the third volume fraction. When the energy storage device includes one or more other forming elements, the volumes of all forming elements are calculated together into the second volume fraction.

[0180] Preferably, the energy storage device can contain a temperature - regulating fluid, wherein the density of the forming element material is lower than the density of the temperature - regulating fluid.

[0181] The density of the forming element material can preferably be at most 80%, for example at most 65% of the density of the temperature - regulating fluid. The temperature - regulating fluid preferably occupies the third volume fraction of the space.

[0182] It can be particularly advantageous that the density of the forming element material is at most 50%, particularly preferably at most 35%, for example at most 20% of the density of the temperature - regulating fluid.

[0183] It has been shown that by means of the present invention, a major part of the temperature - regulating fluid can be replaced by the forming element and thus become dispensable, but still the efficient temperature regulation of the energy storage elements in the energy storage device can be ensured. Thereby, the weight of the energy storage device can be significantly reduced.

[0184] This object is achieved according to the invention by structural components according to the relevant technical solutions.

[0185] The structural component is a structural component for a motor vehicle, wherein the structural component can preferably be a housing element for an energy storage device, for example for an energy storage device according to the invention.

[0186] The structural component has a forming element arranged at the surface of the structural component.

[0187] Preferably, the forming element is mounted at the surface of the structural component.

[0188] Particularly preferably, the forming element is connected to the surface of the structural component in a materially bonded manner.

[0189] In combination with the structural component according to the invention, the forming element can preferably be a forming element according to the invention.

[0190] In combination with the structural component according to the invention, the shape of the forming element can be different from the shape already described for the forming element in combination with the forming element according to the invention.

[0191] In combination with the structural component according to the invention, the forming element can comprise a forming element material having a density of at most 0.75 g / cm 3 , preferably at most 0.65 g / cm 3 , particularly preferably at most 0.55 g / cm 3 . When the forming element arranged at the surface of the structural component does not have at least one receiving area already described for the forming element in combination with the forming element according to the invention, the features described for the forming element material with respect to the forming element can also form features of the forming element material herein.

[0192] The materially bonded connection of the forming element to the surface of the structural component can be an indirect materially bonded connection. Preferably, the indirect materially bonded connection can be effected by means of a potting material. Alternatively, the forming element can preferably be directly connected to the surface of the structural component in a materially bonded manner. Advantageously, the forming element material can be directly connected to the surface of the structural component in a materially bonded manner.

[0193] The direct materially bonded connection of the forming element to the structural component can be achieved by manufacturing the forming element at the surface of the structural component. For this purpose, the structural component can be introduced into a mold in which the forming element is manufactured, or the surface of a mold in which the forming element is manufactured can be provided.

[0194] The manufacturing of the forming element can be carried out directly at the surface of the structural component according to the method described herein.

[0195] The structural component can have an attachment area, wherein the forming element preferably does not extend into the attachment area.

[0196] The attachment region can be used to attach a structural member to a motor vehicle, for example, to attach a structural member to other structural members of the motor vehicle or to a load-bearing member of the motor vehicle.

[0197] The structural member can have a recess. The surface of the structural member where the forming element is arranged can be the surface of the forming element located in the recess.

[0198] The structural member can have an attachment region that is configured outside the recess. The structural member can have a plurality of attachment regions that are configured outside the recess.

[0199] The structural member can include a layer and the layer included by the structural member contains or consists of a conductive material. The layer can preferably contain aluminum, such as aluminum foil. This can be advantageous because at least partial electromagnetic shielding can be additionally achieved using the structural member.

[0200] This object is achieved according to the invention by a method according to the relevant technical solution.

[0201] The method is a method for manufacturing a forming element, preferably a forming element according to the invention described herein.

[0202] Particles having cavities, such as pores, or precursor particles of particles having cavities, such as pores are introduced into a mold, and the particles or precursor particles introduced into the mold are converted into a forming element in the mold. Subsequently, the forming element can be removed from the mold.

[0203] The particles or precursor particles introduced into the mold can be converted into a forming element in the mold at a shape-forming temperature. The shape-forming temperature can be preferably at least 60 °C, particularly preferably 80 °C to 300 °C, such as 90 °C to 250 °C. A person skilled in the art selects a suitable shape-forming temperature adapted to the composition of the particles or precursor particles.

[0204] At least a part of the cavity can be encapsulated in the particle and is thus inaccessible to the fluid surrounding the particle.

[0205] When the precursor particles are introduced into the mold, a cavity can be formed therein at a cavity-forming temperature. The cavity-forming temperature can be preferably at least 60 °C, particularly preferably 80 °C to 300 °C, such as 90 °C to 250 °C. A person skilled in the art selects the cavity-forming temperature according to the composition of the precursor particles and especially taking into account the blowing agent for cavity formation that can be included in the precursor particles.

[0206] Precursor particles having cavities, such as pores, can contain a blowing agent for cavity formation, such as for pore formation. The blowing agent for cavity formation, such as for pore formation, can comprise or be a substance which transitions to the gaseous state upon heating the precursor particles. Thereby, cavities, such as pores, can be formed. The cavities, such as pores, can be filled in whole or in part with gaseous substances. Suitable blowing agents for cavity formation are described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 3,615,972.

[0207] For example, cavity formation can be achieved by supplying heat. The supply of heat can take place when converting the precursor particles into a shaped element.

[0208] Preferably, the method can be a method for manufacturing a shaped element, in which particles having cavities, such as pores, are introduced into a mold, and the particles introduced into the mold are converted into a shaped element in the mold. This can offer the advantage that the process conditions can be selected without taking into account the conditions required for the formation of cavities in the precursor particles when converting the particles introduced into the mold into a shaped element. Since the particles already have cavities, such as pores, from the start.

[0209] Preferably, the method can be a method for manufacturing a shaped element, in which precursor particles of particles having cavities, such as pores, are introduced into a mold, and the precursor particles introduced into the mold are converted into a shaped element in the mold. This can be advantageous because the precursor particles introduced into the mold can expand when being converted into a shaped element in the mold. Expansion can be achieved by at least partially transitioning the blowing agent for cavity formation contained in the precursor particles into the gas phase. Thereby, cavities, such as pores, can be generated in the particles, where the precursor particles are converted into particles having cavities, such as pores, which occupy a larger volume.

[0210] In order to convert the particles or precursor particles introduced into the mold into a shaped element, the temperature and / or the pressure can be increased in the mold.

[0211] Increasing the temperature can in particular cause the particles or precursor particles to soften and / or partially melt at their surface. This can promote the connection of the particles or precursor particles and thereby promote the stability of the shaped element produced in the mold.

[0212] Increasing the pressure can ensure that the particles or precursor particles reliably also squeeze into narrow regions of the mold, such as narrow regions of the region in which the shaped element is formed in the mold, which region has a small material thickness, such as the minimum material thickness described herein.

[0213] Advantageously, the plastic particles or plastic precursor particles described herein can be thermoplastic particles or thermoplastic precursor particles. In particular, the joining of the particles can then be promoted by an increase in temperature. In the precursor particles, the softening or partial melting of the thermoplastic promotes the formation of cavities, such as pores. When the blowing agent used for cavity formation at least partially transitions into the gas phase, a softened and / or at least partially molten thermoplastic can be produced, which surrounds the cavities and extends as the cavity volume increases.

[0214] Particularly advantageous can be that the particles or precursor particles are microparticles,

[0215] wherein the volume-averaged particle diameter (D50) of the particles can preferably be in the range from 2.5 to 800 μm, preferably from 4 to 500 μm, for example from 10 to 300 μm,

[0216] wherein the volume-averaged particle diameter (D50) of the precursor particles can preferably be in the range from 1 to 320 μm, preferably in the range from 1.6 to 200 μm, for example from 4 to 120 μm.

[0217] The volume-averaged particle diameter (D50) can preferably be the volume-averaged particle diameter (D50) obtainable by measuring according to the laser light scattering method of ISO 13320:2009-10.

[0218] A person skilled in the art can easily manufacture such small particles, each having one or more cavities, such as pores. This also applies to the associated precursor particles.

[0219] Thus, for example, document DE 689 13 235T2 describes a method and apparatus for manufacturing microspheres of expandable thermoplastics and their subsequent expansion.

[0220] U.S. Patent No. 3,615,972 describes polymer particles of expandable thermoplastics containing a volatile liquid blowing agent and a method for expanding the particles. It is emphasized in U.S. Patent No. 3,615,972 that the diameter can be adjusted in a controlled manner in the range from about half a micron or less up to about 0.5 cm.

[0221] Particularly advantageous may be that particles having cavities, such as pores, are introduced into a mold, where the particles are preferably thermoplastic particles, or the particles are microparticles, which are preferably thermoplastic microparticles, and the particles are introduced into the mold under an increased introduction pressure (Einbringdruck). The introduction pressure may be an introduction pressure of 1.1 bar to 10 bar, for example an introduction pressure of 1.2 to 3 bar. The particles introduced into the mold can be converted into a shaped element in the mold with the supply of heat and / or by reducing the pressure. Thereby, it can be promoted that the particles take a compressed state under the introduction pressure, are distributed in the mold in the compressed state, and the mold is completely occupied by the resulting shaped element.

[0222] Advantageously, particles having cavities, such as pores, are introduced into a mold, where the particles are preferably thermoplastic particles, or the particles are microparticles, which are preferably thermoplastic microparticles, and where the particles, such as thermoplastic particles, microparticles or thermoplastic microparticles, or a part of the particles have a joining auxiliary material. The particle or a part of the particle may preferably have a joining auxiliary material at its outer surface, and advantageously, the particles introduced into the mold are converted into a shaped element in the mold, and the particles are joined to each other by means of the joining auxiliary material.

[0223] Particularly advantageous may be that after introducing the particles, before being converted into a shaped element with the supply of heat, the pressure in the mold is reduced to a mold filling pressure between the introduction pressure and the ambient pressure.

[0224] Advantageously, after starting the supply of heat, during the supply of heat and / or at an increased temperature after the supply of heat, the expansion of the resulting shaped element and / or the particles contained therein can be achieved by reducing the pressure to the ambient pressure.

[0225] Thereby, a shaped element with substantially completely closed pores can be obtained, which particularly has pores that are hardly open and are inaccessible to the temperature-regulating fluid from the surface of the shaped element.

[0226] For example, the thermoplastic microparticles may comprise or be formed from a foam structure of small holes made of a thermoplastic material, such as polypropylene and / or polyethylene. The introduction pressure may be, for example, about 2 bar. The shape may be defined by a shaping tool. The pressure may be reduced to a mold filling pressure greater than 1 bar and less than 2 bar. The supply of heat can be achieved by hot steam to melt the surface of the particles. The particles can be expanded by further reducing the pressure to the ambient pressure.

[0227] This object is achieved according to the invention by the use according to the relevant technical solution.

[0228] The use according to the invention is the use of a forming element according to the invention, an energy storage device according to the invention and / or a structural member according to the invention, wherein a dielectric temperature-regulating fluid, for example a dielectric temperature-regulating liquid, contacts the surface of the forming element and / or is guided along the surface of the forming element, and wherein the forming element is at least permanently resistant to the dielectric temperature-regulating fluid at least at this surface. Preferably, the forming element can have polyamide (PA) and / or be a polyamide forming element and / or be formed of polyamide (PA) at least at this surface, and the dielectric temperature-regulating fluid can preferably be a dielectric liquid, for example a dielectric oil. The expression "permanently resistant" can in particular have the meaning described herein in connection with the forming element according to the invention.

[0229] Of course, the features described in connection with the subject matter of the invention can also form other features of the subject matter of the invention described herein. The subject matter of the invention is in particular a forming element, an energy storage device, a structural member, a method for manufacturing a forming element and a use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0230] Other preferred features and / or advantages of the invention are the drawings of the embodiments and the subject matter described below.

[0231] In the drawings:

[0232] Figure 1 A perspective view of the forming element is shown;

[0233] Figure 2 A view of a part of the energy storage device is shown in a schematic cross-section;

[0234] Figure 3 A cross-section of a segment of the forming element is shown;

[0235] Figure 4 A view of another forming element is shown;

[0236] Figure 5 Shows Figure 4 the circumferential edge of the forming element;

[0237] Figure 6 Shows Figure 4 the receiving area of the forming element; and

[0238] Figure 7 A schematic cross-section of the forming element material shown simplified is shown in a significantly enlarged view.

[0239] Identical or functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference numerals in all the drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0240] Figure 1A forming element 100 is shown. The forming element is adapted to be arranged at a temperature-adjustable element. The temperature-adjustable element can preferably be an energy storage element, for example an electrochemical energy storage cell, in particular a battery cell.

[0241] The forming element comprises a plurality of receiving regions 102. The receiving regions 102 are adapted to receive at least one section of a respective temperature-adjustable element into the forming element 100.

[0242] In the example shown here, the forming element 100 is entirely composed of a forming element material 104. The density of the forming element material 104 is preferably less than 0.55 g / cm 3 .

[0243] In the example shown here, the forming element material 104 is a particulate foam material 106, which can be a plastic particulate foam material.

[0244] In Figure 1 the forming element 100 shown, the forming element material 104 occupies the entire volume of the forming element 100. The forming element 100 shown there is a plastic forming element 108.

[0245] The plastic forming element 108 is obtained by molding. The molding is carried out by the method for manufacturing the forming element 100 described herein. Here, particles 112 having cavities, such as pores 110, are introduced into a mold. The particles 112 introduced into the mold are in the form of thermoplastic plastic microparticles with closed pores, i.e., plastic particles 114. They are converted into the forming element 100 in the mold with the supply of heat. The temperature is adjusted such that the thermoplastic plastic softens sufficiently, and thus the thermoplastic plastic material connects to each other at the particle surfaces of adjacent particles.

[0246] In Figure 1 it can be clearly seen that the material thickness 116 of the forming element material 104 in the forming element 100 is not constant. In the example shown here, the minimum material thickness 118 of the forming element material 104 is less than 4 mm.

[0247] The minimum material thickness 118 is measured between two receiving regions 102. Between the receiving regions, the forming element material 104 tapers to the minimum material thickness 118.

[0248] In Figure 1 the forming element 100 shown, the receiving regions 102 are cylindrical receiving regions 120. They each include a cylindrically circumferential receiving region surface 122.

[0249] Figure 2A schematic cross-sectional view of the energy storage device 124 is shown. The energy storage device 124 shown is an electrochemical energy storage device 126. It is a battery device 128.

[0250] Figure 2 The energy storage device 124 shown includes a plurality of energy storage elements 130. The energy storage elements 130 are electrochemical energy storage cells 132. They are battery cells 134, where the battery cells can be, for example, rechargeable lithium-ion battery cells.

[0251] Each energy storage element 130 forms a specific mold incorporating the temperature-adjustable element 136 described in the context of the present invention.

[0252] The energy storage device 124 includes two forming elements 100. Since in Figure 2 the view shown, the energy storage elements 130 are shown in a way that they are cut through centrally along their longitudinal axes, only the regions of the minimum material thickness 118 of the forming elements 100 located between the energy storage elements 130 can be seen.

[0253] The corresponding sections 138 of each energy storage element 130 are received in the corresponding receiving areas 102 of one forming element 100. The corresponding sections 140 of each energy storage element 130 are received in the corresponding receiving areas 102 of the other forming element 100.

[0254] The sections 138 and 140 are thus receiving sections 142 and 144.

[0255] The temperature-adjusting section 146 of each energy storage element 130 extends through the temperature-adjusting zone 148 constructed between the forming elements 100, so that it is possible to guide the temperature-adjusting fluid therebetween around the energy storage element 130 between the forming elements 100.

[0256] Other temperature-adjusting zones 148 are constructed at both ends of the energy storage element 130.

[0257] The energy storage elements 130 are respectively connected to the two forming elements 100 in a material-locking manner. The material-locking connection is an indirect material-locking connection, which is respectively facilitated by potting materials 150.

[0258] Figure 2 The energy storage device 124 shown includes a housing 152. The housing 152 is composed of a plurality of housing elements 154.

[0259] Since Figure 2 the cross-sectional view shown only shows a part of the energy storage device 124, in addition to the bottom element 156 and the cover element 158, only the left wall element 160 is shown in Figure 2 the figure.

[0260] Figure 3 A sectional view shows a section of the planar forming element 100. A hypothetical central plane 162, indicated by a dashed line, may define two halves 164 and 166, the volumes of which respectively occupy 50% of the volume of the forming element 100.

[0261] The receiving area 102 can also be seen in Figure 3 The receiving areas 102 are each adapted to receive a section of a respective temperature-adjustable element 136 into the forming element 100. Figure 3 The forming element 100 shown is also a plastic forming element 108.

[0262] Figure 3 The forming element shown includes a wall area 168. The wall areas 168 are respectively arranged between two adjacent receiving areas 102. The wall areas 168, like the rest of the forming element 100, are made of a forming element material 104, which can be, for example, a particulate foam material 106.

[0263] Figure 3 The minimum material thickness 118, as described for the forming element 100 in combination with Figure 1 has also been shown. The minimum material thickness 118 is measured in the central plane 162 of the planar forming element 100 Figure 3 The minimum material thickness 118 shown. In Figure 3 In the case of the forming element 100 shown, the material thickness 116 measured orthogonally to the central plane 162 of the planar forming element 100 is significantly greater than the minimum material thickness 118 measured in the central plane 162 of the planar forming element 100.

[0264] Figure 4 Another forming element 100 is shown. In Figure 4 the direction of the observer's line of sight is oriented parallel to the receiving direction, and a temperature-adjustable element 136 not shown in Figure 4 , such as a battery cell, can be received into the shown receiving area 102 along this receiving direction. Thus, the cylindrical receiving areas 102 appear as circles in the view of Figure 4 .

[0265] Figure 4 The surrounding edge 170 of the planar forming element is also shown.

[0266] Figure 5 Only the surrounding edge 170 is shown. The surrounding edge 170 defines the total area 172 of the forming element.

[0267] Figure 6 Only Figure 4 the receiving areas 102 are shown. The receiving areas 102 together occupy the total receiving area 174.

[0268] From Figure 4 it can be clearly seen that the forming element 100 has a receiving area 102 within the surrounding edge 170, and the total area 174 of its receiving area is more than 75% of the total area 172 of the forming element.

[0269] Figure 7 A schematic view showing a cross-section of the forming element material 104 shown in a simplified manner is presented. This cross-section is shown in a significantly magnified manner. The forming element material 104 shown therein is the forming element plastic material 176.

[0270] The forming element material 104 has cavities. The cavities are pores 110, 180 that are partially inaccessible to the surrounding fluid. Thus, a part of the pores 110, 180 is closed and inaccessible to the temperature-regulating fluid.

[0271] Figure 7 Only a segment of the forming element material 104 shown in cross-section is presented. From Figure 7 it can be seen that a part of the pores 110, 182 can be open and / or accessible to the temperature-regulating fluid. Depending on the characteristics of the surface of the forming element, these pores 110, 182 can be accessible to the temperature-regulating fluid not only via the shown cross-sectional plane, but also starting from the surface of the forming element 100 that is Figure 7 not shown herein.

[0272] If the surface of the forming element is closed, for example sealed, the pores 110, 182 are only interconnected within the forming element material and are only open to a certain extent (insofern), yet inaccessible to the temperature-regulating fluid.

[0273] If the surface of the forming element is open, for example unsealed, the pores 110, 182 are interconnected within the forming element material and are additionally open and accessible to the temperature-regulating fluid.

[0274] The forming element material 104 contains particles 112, where these are plastic particles 114. The particles 112 are welded to each other at their surfaces.

[0275] The closed pores 110, 180 of the forming element material 104, which are impermeable to the temperature-regulating fluid, can, if necessary, be surrounded by the open and / or temperature-regulating fluid-permeable pores 110, 182 of the forming element material 104. The forming element material 104 can be a particulate foam material 106. At least a portion of the pores 110, 182 of the forming element material 104 that can, if necessary, be open and permeable to the temperature-regulating fluid extends around the particles 112. The particles 112 have at least a portion of the closed and / or temperature-regulating fluid-impermeable pores 110, 180.

[0276] The particles 112 have pores 110. The particulate foam material 106 consists of porous particles.

[0277] The forming element plastic material 176 is a particulate foam material 106, which can also be referred to as a particulate foam body 178.

[0278] Explanation of reference numerals

[0279] 100 Forming element

[0280] 102 Receiving area

[0281] 104 Forming element material

[0282] 106 Particulate foam material

[0283] 108 Plastic forming element

[0284] 110 Pores

[0285] 112 Particles

[0286] 114 Plastic particles

[0287] 116 Material thickness

[0288] 118 Minimum material thickness

[0289] 120 Cylindrical receiving area

[0290] 122 Receiving area surface

[0291] 124 Energy storage device

[0292] 126 Electrochemical energy storage device

[0293] 128 Battery device

[0294] 130 Energy storage element

[0295] 132 Electrochemical energy storage cell

[0296] 134 Battery cell

[0297] 136 Temperature adjustable element

[0298] 138, 140 Sections

[0299] 142, 144 Receiving sections

[0300] 146 Temperature adjustment section

[0301] 148 Temperature adjustment zone

[0302] 150 Potting material

[0303] 152 Housing

[0304] 154 Housing element

[0305] 156 Bottom element

[0306] 158 Cover element

[0307] 160 Wall element

[0308] 162 Central plane

[0309] 164, 166 Halves

[0310] 168 Wall zone

[0311] 170 Edge

[0312] 172 Total area of the forming element

[0313] 174 Total area of the receiving zone

[0314] 176 Plastic material of the forming element

[0315] 178 Granular foam

[0316] 180 Closed pores

[0317] 182 Open pores

Claims

1. A shaping element (100) for arrangement at a temperature-adjustable element (136), wherein the temperature-adjustable element (136) can preferably be an energy storage element (130), such as an electrochemical energy storage cell (132). Wherein the shaping element (100) comprises: - at least one receiving area (102) for receiving at least one section of the temperature-adjustable element (136) into the shaping element (100); and - Forming element material (104) with a density of at most 0.75 g / cm 3 , preferably at most 0.65 g / cm 3 , particularly preferably at most 0.55 g / cm 3 .

2. The shaping element (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the minimum material thickness (118) of the shaping element material (104) is at most 4 mm, in particular at most 3 mm, preferably at most 2 mm, particularly preferably at most 1.5 mm, for example at most 1.4 mm.

3. The shaping element (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The density of the forming element material (104) and the minimum material thickness (118) of the forming element material (104) are so small that the areal density of the forming element (100) calculated by multiplying the density by the minimum material thickness (118) is at most 0.15 g / cm 2 .

4. The shaping element (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the number of receiving areas (102) comprised by the shaping element (100) is at least two, and the minimum material thickness (118) is the minimum material thickness (118) measured between two adjacent receiving areas (102).

5. The shaping element (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, for example according to claim 4, characterized in that the shaping element (100) is a planar shaping element (100), and the minimum material thickness (118) is measured in the central plane (162) of the planar shaping element (100), wherein the central plane (162) divides the planar shaping element (100) into two halves (164, 166), and the volumes of the two halves each occupy 50% of the volume of the shaping element (100).

6. The shaping element (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the shaping element (100) is a planar shaping element (100), and the minimum material thickness (118) is measured in a direction orthogonal to the central plane (162) of the planar shaping element (100), wherein the central plane (162) divides the planar shaping element (100) into two halves (164, 166), and the volumes of the two halves each occupy 50% of the volume of the shaping element (100).

7. The shaping element (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaping element (100) is a planar shaping element (100), wherein the surrounding edge (170) of the planar shaping element (100) defines a total shaping element area (172), and the shaping element (100) has a receiving area (102) within the surrounding edge (170), and the total receiving area (174) of the receiving area is at least 75%, for example at least 80%, of the total shaping element area (172).

8. The shaping element (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The forming element material (104) has cavities, such as pores (110).

9. The forming element (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the forming element material (104) comprises particles (112), and the particles (112) have cavities, such as pores (110).

10. The forming element (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the forming element material (104) is a particulate foam material (106) and / or a forming element plastic material (176), and the forming element plastic material (176) comprises plastic particles (114), wherein the plastic particles (114) have cavities, such as pores (110).

11. The forming element (100) according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the particles (112) of the forming element material (104) or the particulate foam material (106) or the plastic particles (114) of the forming element plastic material (176) have a connecting auxiliary material, preferably on their outer surfaces, wherein it can be advantageous that - the particles (112) or the plastic particles (114) are connected or can be connected to each other by means of the connecting auxiliary material; and / or - the particles (112) or the plastic particles (114) can be connected to at least one section of the temperature-adjustable element (136) at the receiving area (102) by means of the connecting auxiliary material.

12. The forming element (100) according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the plastic of the forming element plastic material (176) and / or the plastic particles (114) is polyamide.

13. The forming element (100) according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the connecting auxiliary material is selected from connecting auxiliary materials which can effect the connection between the particles (112) or the plastic particles (114) or the connection to at least one section of the temperature-adjustable element (136) at a temperature at which the particles (112) or the plastic particles (114) remain stable, wherein it can be advantageous that the connection between the particles (112) or the plastic particles (114) or the connection to at least one section of the temperature-adjustable element (136) is effected or is effected by forming a chemical bond, in particular a covalent bond.

14. The forming element (100) according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the connecting auxiliary material is a two-component connecting material which can in particular have a resin particle component and a curing agent component or can be made of a resin particle component and a curing agent component, and / or the connecting auxiliary material is polyamide, for example polyamide which softens and / or melts and / or can be bonded at a temperature below the temperature of the polyamide of the forming element plastic material (176) and / or the plastic particles (114).

15. The forming element (100) according to any one of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that Part of the cavity, such as the pore (110), is closed and / or inaccessible to the temperature-regulating fluid.

16. The forming element (100) according to any one of claims 8 to 15, characterized in that part of the cavity, such as the pore (110), is open and / or accessible to the temperature-regulating fluid.

17. The forming element (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, such as according to claim 16, characterized in that the closed and / or temperature-regulating fluid-inaccessible cavities, such as pores (110, 180), of the forming element material (104) are surrounded by the open and / or temperature-regulating fluid-accessible cavities, such as pores (110, 182), of the forming element material (104), wherein it can be advantageous for the forming element material (104) - to be a particulate foam material (106), and / or - to contain particles (112), wherein at least a part of the open and / or temperature-regulating fluid-accessible cavities, such as pores (110, 182), of the forming element material (104) extends around the particles (112), and the particles (112) have at least a part of a closed and / or temperature-regulating fluid-inaccessible cavity, such as a pore (110, 180).

18. The forming element (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the forming element (100) permanently withstands at least one dielectric temperature-regulating fluid, wherein it can be advantageous for the forming element to be sealed.

19. An energy storage device (124), preferably an electrochemical energy storage device (126), such as a battery device (128), wherein the energy storage device (124) comprises: - at least one energy storage element (130), preferably at least one electrochemical energy storage element (132), such as at least one battery cell (134); and - at least one forming element (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one section (138, 140) of the at least one energy storage element (130) is received in at least one receiving area (102) of the forming element (100).

20. The energy storage device (124) according to claim 19, characterized in that the energy storage device (124) comprises a temperature-regulating area (148) in which the temperature-regulating fluid can be guided, wherein the receiving sections (142, 144) of the at least one energy storage element (130) are received in the at least one receiving area (102) of the forming element (100), and the temperature-regulating section (146) of the at least one energy storage element (130) extends into at least one of the temperature-regulating areas (148) or through at least one of the temperature-regulating areas (148).

21. The energy storage device (124) according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that The at least one energy storage element (130) is connected to at least one of the shaping elements (100) in a materially engaging manner, wherein preferably the receiving sections (142, 144) are connected to the receiving area (102) in a materially engaging manner, wherein it can be particularly advantageous if the shaping element (100) is the shaping element (100) according to any one of claims 11 to 18 and the particles (112) or plastic particles (114) of the shaping element (100) are connected to at least one section of the temperature-adjustable element (136) at the receiving area (102) by means of the connecting auxiliary material.

22. The energy storage device (124) according to claim 21, characterized in that, the materially engaging connection is an indirect materially engaging connection, which can preferably be effected by means of a potting material (150) and / or an adherent.

23. The energy storage device (124) according to claim 21, characterized in that, the materially engaging connection is a direct materially engaging connection, wherein the direct materially engaging connection is preferably a direct materially engaging connection between the shaping element material (104) located at the receiving area (102) and the receiving sections (142, 144).

24. The energy storage device (124) according to any one of claims 19 to 23, characterized in that, the energy storage device (124) comprises at least two temperature-adjusting zones (148) in which a temperature-adjusting fluid can accordingly be guided, the at least one energy storage element (130) extends through at least one of the shaping elements (100), and one of the temperature-adjusting zones (148) extends on one side of the shaping element (100), and the other temperature-adjusting zone (148) extends on the other side of the shaping element (100).

25. The energy storage device (124) according to any one of claims 19 to 24, characterized in that, the energy storage device (124) comprises a second shaping element (100), and the at least one energy storage element (130) extends through at least one temperature-adjusting zone (148) constructed between the shaping elements (100) such that a temperature-adjusting fluid can be guided around the energy storage element (130) between the shaping elements (100).

26. The energy storage device (124) according to claim 25, characterized in that, the first receiving section (142) of the at least one energy storage element (130) is received in at least one of the receiving areas (102) of one of the two shaping elements (100), and the second receiving section (144) of the at least one energy storage element (130) is received in at least one of the receiving areas (102) of the other of the two shaping elements (100).

27. The energy storage device (124) according to any one of claims 19 to 26, characterized in that, The energy storage device (124) comprises at least one housing element (154).

28. The energy storage device (124) according to claim 27, characterized in that at least one of the shaping elements (100) or at least one of the shaping elements (100) is mounted at the housing element (154), wherein at least one of the shaping elements (100) or at least one of the shaping elements (100) is preferably connected to the housing element (154) in a form - fitting manner, and the form - fitting connection to the housing element (154) can be an indirect form - fitting connection, which can preferably be effected by means of a potting material (150), or the shaping element (104) can preferably be directly connected to the housing element (154) in a form - fitting manner.

29. The energy storage device (124) according to any one of claims 19 to 28, characterized in that the energy storage device (124) comprises further energy storage elements (130) and a housing (152), the housing enclosing a space for receiving the energy storage elements (130), wherein the energy storage elements (130) occupy a first volume fraction of the space, at least one of the shaping elements (100) occupies a second volume fraction of the space, and a third volume fraction of the space can be occupied by a temperature - regulating fluid, wherein the second volume fraction is at least 40%, preferably at least 80%, for example at least 125% of the third volume fraction.

30. The energy storage device (124) according to any one of claims 19 to 29, preferably according to claim 29, characterized in that the energy storage device (124) contains a temperature - regulating fluid, wherein the density of the shaping element material (104) is lower than the density of the temperature - regulating fluid, and the density of the shaping element material (104) can preferably be at most 80%, for example at most 65% of the density of the temperature - regulating fluid.

31. A structural member for a motor vehicle, wherein the structural member can preferably be a housing element (154) for an energy storage device (124), for example for an energy storage device (124) according to any one of claims 19 to 30, wherein the structural member has a shaping element (100) arranged at the surface of the structural member, wherein preferably, the shaping element (100) is mounted at the surface of the structural member, wherein particularly preferably, the shaping element (100) is connected to the surface of the structural member in a form - fitting manner, wherein the shaping element (100) is preferably - able to be a shaping element (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 18 or It can include the following forming element material (104) with a density of at most 0.75 g / cm 3 , preferably at most 0.65 g / cm 3 , particularly preferably at most 0.55 g / cm 3 .

32. A method for manufacturing a shaping element (100), the shaping element preferably being a shaping element (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein - Particles (112) having cavities, such as pores (110), or precursor particles of particles (112) having cavities (110) are introduced into a mold, and - The particles (112) or precursor particles introduced into the mold are converted into the shaped element (100) in the mold.

33. The method according to claim 32, characterized in that the particles (112) or the precursor particles are fine particles, wherein the volume-average particle diameter (D50) of the particles is preferably capable of being in the range of 2.5 to 800 μm, preferably 4 to 500 μm, such as 10 to 300 μm, wherein the volume-average particle diameter (D50) of the precursor particles is preferably capable of being in the range of 1 to 320 μm, preferably in the range of 1.6 to 200 μm, such as 4 to 120 μm.

34. The method according to claim 32 or 33, characterized in that particles (112) having the cavities, such as the pores (110), are introduced into the mold, wherein the particles are preferably thermoplastic particles, or the particles are fine particles, and the fine particles are preferably thermoplastic fine particles, wherein - the particles (112) are introduced into the mold at an increased introduction pressure, preferably at an introduction pressure of 1.1 bar to 10 bar, such as at an introduction pressure of 1.2 to 3 bar, and - the particles (112) introduced into the mold are converted into the shaped element (100) in the mold under the supply of heat and / or by pressure reduction.

35. The method according to any one of claims 32 to 34, characterized in that particles (112) having the cavities, such as the pores (110), are introduced into the mold, wherein the particles are preferably thermoplastic particles, or the particles are fine particles, and the fine particles are preferably thermoplastic fine particles, wherein the particles, such as the thermoplastic particles, fine particles or thermoplastic fine particles, or a part of the particles have a connection auxiliary material, preferably at their outer surfaces, wherein it can be advantageous that the particles introduced into the mold are converted into the shaped element (100) in the mold, and the particles (112) are connected to each other by means of the connection auxiliary material.

36. The method according to claim 34 or 35, characterized in that after introducing the particles, before being converted into the shaped element under the supply of heat, the pressure in the mold is reduced to a mold stuffing pressure between the introduction pressure and the ambient pressure.

37. The method according to claim 35 or 36, characterized in that after starting the supply of heat, during the supply of heat and / or at an increased temperature after the supply of heat, the expansion of the produced shaped element and / or the particles contained therein is achieved by reducing the pressure to the ambient pressure. Use of a shaping element (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 18, an energy storage device (124) according to any one of claims 19 to 30 and / or a structural member according to claim 31, wherein a dielectric temperature-regulating fluid, such as a dielectric temperature-regulating liquid, contacts and / or is guided along the surface of the shaping element (100), and wherein the shaping element is permanently resistant to the dielectric temperature-regulating fluid at least at the surface.

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