Functional feed for promoting growth of channel catfish

Abstract

The invention provides a functional feed for promoting growth of channel catfish. The functional feed consists of a pellet feed and plectasin peptide, the pellet feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22-25 parts of imported fish meal, 1-3 parts of mutton fat, 14-16 parts of euphausia superba powder, 1.5-2.5 parts of soybean oil, 10-12 parts of meat and bone meal, 1-2 parts of corn oil, 11-12 parts of soybean meal, 10-11 parts of wheat middling, 7.4-8.4 parts of peanut kernel meal, 1-2 parts of a feed adhesive, 4-6 parts of brewer's grains, 0.8 part of a compound immunopotentiator, 4-5 parts of fish oil, a primary compound phagostimulant and 2 parts of euphausia superba oil. 0.8 part of a multi-vitamin mixture, 0.9 part of lard oil and 0.6 part of a multi-mineral mixture; the proportion content of the plectasin peptide is 0.5 to 5 parts. The plectasin peptide is added into the channel catfish feed, so that the growth speed of the channel catfish can be effectively increased, the feed coefficient of the feed is reduced, the breeding period of the channel catfish is shortened, and the breeding benefit of the channel catfish is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of aquaculture feeds, and more specifically, to a functional feed for promoting the growth of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Background Art

[0002] At present, the breeding volume of channel catfish is relatively large in most areas of China. The domestic breeding varieties mainly include locally bred pond varieties and "Jiangfeng No. 1" (this variety is an innovative variety jointly cultivated by the Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, the National Aquaculture Promotion Station, and the Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences). With the degradation of genes, the growth rate and disease resistance of local varieties are continuously weakening, and it generally takes 6 - 8 months to reach the adult size (750g - 1000g). The quality of channel catfish feeds varies, the feeding level is relatively low, the growth rate is slow, the feeding time is long, which delays the fish harvesting time and the fish size, severely restricting the development of the channel catfish aquaculture industry. Therefore, the present invention provides a functional feed for promoting the growth of channel catfish. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the above deficiencies, the present invention provides a functional feed for promoting the growth of channel catfish, which can improve the growth rate of channel catfish and shorten the breeding cycle of channel catfish.

[0004] In order to achieve the above invention object, the specific technical solution is as follows: A functional feed for promoting the growth of channel catfish, the functional feed is composed of a pellet feed and Plectasin peptide. The raw materials and their proportioning of the pellet feed are as follows: 22 - 25 parts of imported fish meal, 1 - 3 parts of mutton tallow, 14 - 16 parts of Antarctic krill meal, 1.5 - 2.5 parts of soybean oil, 10 - 12 parts of meat and bone meal, 1 - 2 parts of corn oil, 11 - 12 parts of soybean meal, 10 - 11 parts of wheat middlings, 7.4 - 8.4 parts of peanut meal, 1 - 2 parts of feed binder, 4 - 6 parts of brewer's grains, 0.8 part of compound immune enhancer, 4 - 5 parts of fish oil, 1 time of compound attractant, 2 parts of Antarctic krill oil, 0.8 part of multi - vitamin mixture, 0.9 part of lard, and 0.6 part of multi - mineral mixture. The proportioning content of Plectasin peptide is 0.5 - 5 parts.

[0005] Further, the functional feed comprises the following raw materials by weight: 23.5 parts of imported fish meal, 1 part of mutton fat, 15 parts of Antarctic krill meal, 1.9 parts of soybean oil, 11 parts of meat and bone meal, 1 part of corn oil, 11 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of wheat middlings, 8 parts of peanut meal, 1 part of feed binder, 4 parts of brewery grains, 0.8 part of compound immune enhancer, 4 parts of fish oil, 1 part of compound attractant, 2 parts of Antarctic krill oil, 0.8 part of multi-vitamin mixture, 0.9 part of lard and 0.6 part of multi-mineral mixture; the proportion content of the plectasin peptide is 2.5 parts of plectasin peptide. The above multi-vitamin mixture and multi-mineral mixture can be prepared by mixing conventional feed vitamins and trace element minerals.

[0006] The preparation method of a functional feed for promoting the growth of channel catfish according to the present invention is characterized in that the preparation method of the pellet feed comprises the following technological steps: A. Mix imported fish meal, Antarctic krill meal, meat and bone meal, soybean meal, wheat middlings, peanut meal, brewery grains, feed binder, compound immune enhancer, compound attractant, vitamin premix and mineral premix evenly according to the formula ratio (coefficient of variation ≤ 5‰), and conduct the first coarse grinding so that it can pass through a 20-mesh sieve; then conduct secondary grinding on the coarsely ground material through a superfine grinder so that the fineness of the material reaches 96% and can pass through an 80-mesh sieve.

[0007] B. Mix the mixed raw materials after grinding in step A with mutton fat, soybean oil, corn oil, fish oil, Antarctic krill oil, lard (except plectasin peptide), fully stir, add an appropriate amount of water and mix evenly, and put it into an extruder for extrusion to make extruded pellet feed.

[0008] The feeding method of a functional feed for promoting the growth of channel catfish according to the present invention mainly includes: 30 minutes before each feeding of pellet feed, mix the plectasin peptide with a content of 20000 U / g and clear water in proportion, and after complete dissolution, mix the mixed solution containing plectasin peptide with the pellet feed in proportion, and then it can be fed.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention: By adding plectasin peptide to the channel catfish feed, the present invention can effectively improve the growth rate of channel catfish, reduce the feed bait coefficient, shorten the breeding cycle of channel catfish, and improve the breeding efficiency of channel catfish. Specific embodiments

[0010] Example 1: Preparation method of plectasin peptide ①. Construction of the plectasin peptide expression vector pPIC9K-Plectasin, the specific operation is as follows: firstly, according to the codon preference of Pichia pastoris, the optimized codons are obtained, and then the plectasin peptide gene sequence is optimized and designed by the optimized codons, and then the target gene fragment of the plectasin peptide is synthesized by a biological company, and then connected with the pPIC9K vector to obtain the pPIC9K-Plectasin recombinant vector; ② The recombinant vector obtained in step ① is transformed into the host cell Pichia pastoris GS115, and the Pichia pastoris GS115 is induced to express to obtain the expression product; ③. Separate and purify the expression product obtained in step ②: first centrifuge the expression solution containing the expression product, collect the supernatant for dialysis, and then purify it using a gel chromatography column to obtain Plectasin peptide. Example 2

[0011] Preparation of pelleted feed: The formula of the channel catfish growth-promoting functional feed used in the present invention is as follows (by weight): 23.5 parts of imported fish meal, 2 parts of mutton fat, 15 parts of Antarctic krill meal, 2.4 parts of soybean oil, 11 parts of meat and bone meal, 1 part of corn oil, 12 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of second-grade flour, 8 parts of peanut kernel meal, 1 part of feed adhesive, 4 parts of brewer's grains, 0.8 parts of composite immune enhancer, 4 parts of fish oil, 1 part of composite attractant, 2 parts of Antarctic krill oil, 0.8 parts of multi-dimensional mixture, 0.9 parts of lard and 0.6 parts of multi-mineral mixture.

[0012] A. Mix the imported fish meal, Antarctic krill meal, meat and bone meal, soybean meal, second meal, peanut kernel meal, brewer's grains, feed adhesives, compound immunopotentiators, compound attractants, vitamin premixes and mineral premixes according to the formula ratio (coefficient of variation ≤ 5‰), and perform the first coarse grinding to make it pass through a 20-mesh sieve; then use an ultra-fine grinder to grind the coarsely ground materials for the second time, so that the material fineness reaches 96% and can pass through an 80-mesh sieve.

[0013] B. Mix the mixed raw materials crushed in step A with sheep oil, soybean oil, corn oil, fish oil, Antarctic krill oil, and lard (except Plectasin peptide), stir well, add appropriate amount of water to mix well, put into an extruder for extrusion, and prepare extruded pellet feed.

[0014] The feeding method of channel catfish growth-promoting functional feed is as follows: 30 minutes before each feeding, mix Plectasin peptide with a content of 20000U / g with clean water in proportion. After the Plectasin peptide is completely dissolved, the mixed solution is mixed with the granular feed in proportion and then fed.

[0015] Channel catfish were divided into four experimental groups, labeled 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, and 2-4. Experimental group 2-1 was not fed with Plectasin peptide; The feeding ratio of experimental group 2-2 is: Plectasin peptide with a content of 20000U / g is mixed with clean water at a ratio of 1:4, and after the Plectasin peptide is completely dissolved, the mixed solution is mixed with pellet feed at a ratio of 1:7 for feeding throughout the breeding cycle; The feeding ratio of experimental group 2-3 is: Plectasin peptide with a content of 20000U / g is mixed with clean water at a ratio of 1:4, and after the Plectasin peptide is completely dissolved, the mixed solution is mixed with pellet feed at a ratio of 1:39 for feeding throughout the breeding cycle; The feeding ratio of experimental groups 2-4 is: Plectasin peptide with a content of 20000U / g is mixed with clean water at a ratio of 1:1. After the Plectasin peptide is completely dissolved, the mixed solution is mixed with pellet feed at a ratio of 1:9 for feeding throughout the breeding cycle to obtain experimental data. Example 3

[0016] The preparation method and feeding of pellet feed are the same as those in Example 2, except that the raw material ratio (by weight) in Example 3 is: 25 parts of imported fish meal, 1 part of mutton fat, 14 parts of Antarctic krill meal, 1.5 parts of soybean oil, 10 parts of meat and bone meal, 2 parts of corn oil, 12 parts of soybean meal, 11 parts of second flour, 8.4 parts of peanut kernel meal, 1 part of feed adhesive, 4 parts of brewer's grains, 0.8 parts of compound immune enhancer, 4 parts of fish oil, 1 part of compound attractant, 2 parts of Antarctic krill oil, 0.8 parts of multi-dimensional mixture, 0.9 parts of lard and 0.6 parts of multi-mineral mixture.

[0017] Channel catfish were divided into four experimental groups, labeled 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, and 3-4. Experimental group 3-1 was not fed with Plectasin peptide; The feeding ratio of the experimental group 3-2 is: Plectasin peptide with a content of 20000U / g is mixed with clean water at a ratio of 1:4, and after the Plectasin peptide is completely dissolved, the mixed solution is mixed with pellet feed at a ratio of 1:7 for feeding throughout the breeding cycle; The feeding ratio of experimental group 3-3 is as follows: Mix plectasin peptide of mycelial antibiotic with a content of 20,000 U / g and water in a ratio of 1:4. After complete dissolution, the mixed solution containing plectasin peptide of mycelial antibiotic is further mixed with granular feed in a ratio of 1:39 for feeding throughout the entire breeding cycle; The feeding ratio of experimental group 3-4 is as follows: Mix plectasin peptide of mycelial antibiotic with a content of 20,000 U / g and water in a ratio of 1:1. After complete dissolution, the mixed solution containing plectasin peptide of mycelial antibiotic is further mixed with granular feed in a ratio of 1:9 for feeding throughout the entire breeding cycle to obtain experimental data. Example 4

[0018] The preparation method, feeding method of the granular feed are the same as those in Example 2. The difference is that the raw material ratio (by weight) of this Example 4 is as follows: 22 parts of imported fish meal, 3 parts of mutton fat, 16 parts of Antarctic krill meal, 2.5 parts of soybean oil, 12 parts of meat and bone meal, 1 part of corn oil, 11 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of wheat middlings, 7.4 parts of peanut meal, 1 part of feed binder, 4 parts of brewer's grains, 0.8 part of compound immune enhancer, 4 parts of fish oil, 1 time of compound attractant, 2 parts of Antarctic krill oil, 0.8 part of multi-vitamin mixture, 0.9 part of lard and 0.6 part of multi-mineral mixture.

[0019] The channel catfish is divided into 4 experimental groups, labeled as 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4. Experimental group 4-1 is not fed with plectasin peptide of mycelial antibiotic; The feeding ratio of experimental group 4-2 is as follows: Mix plectasin peptide of mycelial antibiotic with a content of 20,000 U / g and water in a ratio of 1:4. After complete dissolution, the mixed solution containing plectasin peptide of mycelial antibiotic is further mixed with granular feed in a ratio of 1:7 for feeding throughout the entire breeding cycle; The feeding ratio of experimental group 4-3 is as follows: Mix plectasin peptide of mycelial antibiotic with a content of 20,000 U / g and water in a ratio of 1:4. After complete dissolution, the mixed solution containing plectasin peptide of mycelial antibiotic is further mixed with granular feed in a ratio of 1:39 for feeding throughout the entire breeding cycle; The feeding ratio of experimental group 4-4 is as follows: Mix plectasin peptide of mycelial antibiotic with a content of 20,000 U / g and water in a ratio of 1:1. After complete dissolution, the mixed solution containing plectasin peptide of mycelial antibiotic is further mixed with granular feed in a ratio of 1:9 for feeding throughout the entire breeding cycle to obtain experimental data.

[0020] In Example 2 - Example 4, feeding experiments were conducted on channel catfish with the same initial weight under the same breeding conditions using three different formulated feeds. The comparative result data of the weights of channel catfish observed after 10 days, 20 days, and 30 days of feeding are shown in Table 1.

[0021] Initial weight Weight after 10 days Weight after 20 days Weight after 30 days Experimental group 2-1 0.70g 0.85g 1.38g 2.27g Experimental group 2-2 0.70g 0.98g 1.88g 2.54g Experimental group 2-3 0.70g 0.98g 1.84g 2.52g Experimental group 2-4 0.70g 0.96g 1.80g 2.50g Experimental group 3-1 0.70g 0.89g 1.34g 2.25g Experimental group 3-2 0.70g 0.96g 1.70g 2.39g Experimental group 3-3 0.70g 0.92g 1.68g 2.37g Experimental group 3-4 0.70g 0.94g 1.70g 2.38g Experimental group 4-1 0.70g 0.83g 1.30g 2.22g Experimental group 4-2 0.70g 0.96g 1.58g 2.38g Experimental group 4-3 0.70g 0.92g 1.46g 2.32g Experimental group 4-4 0.70g 0.94g 1.50g 2.34g The experimental results showed that in Example 2, in experimental group 2 - 2, the mycelial antibiotic Plectasin peptide with a content of 20,000 U / g was mixed with water at a ratio of 1:4. After complete dissolution, the mixed solution containing the mycelial antibiotic Plectasin peptide was then mixed with the pellet feed at a ratio of 1:7 (i.e., 2.5 parts of the feed with 20,000 U / g of the mycelial antibiotic Plectasin peptide) and fed by mixing. After 30 days, the growth rate of the channel catfish fry increased the most relatively, by 11.89%, and the feed conversion ratio decreased to 0.79.

Claims

1. A functional feed for promoting the growth of channel catfish, the functional feed consists of pellet feed and mycosin Plectasin peptide. The raw materials and their proportioning types of the pellet feed are as follows: 22 - 25 parts of imported fish meal, 1 - 3 parts of mutton tallow, 14 - 16 parts of Antarctic krill meal, 1.5 - 2.5 parts of soybean oil, 10 - 12 parts of meat and bone meal, 1 - 2 parts of corn oil, 11 - 12 parts of soybean meal, 10 - 11 parts of wheat middlings, 7.4 - 8.4 parts of peanut meal, 1 - 2 parts of feed binder, 4 - 6 parts of brewer's grains, 0.8 part of compound immune enhancer, 4 - 5 parts of fish oil, 1 time of compound attractant, 2 parts of Antarctic krill oil, 0.8 part of multi-vitamin mixture, 0.9 part of lard and 0.6 part of multi-mineral mixture; the proportioning content of the mycosin Plectasin peptide is 0.5 - 5 parts.

2. The functional feed for promoting the growth of channel catfish according to claim 1, the functional feed includes the following raw materials by weight: 23.5 parts of imported fish meal, 1 part of mutton tallow, 15 parts of Antarctic krill meal, 1.9 parts of soybean oil, 11 parts of meat and bone meal, 1 part of corn oil, 11 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of wheat middlings, 8 parts of peanut meal, 1 part of feed binder, 4 parts of brewer's grains, 0.8 part of compound immune enhancer, 4 parts of fish oil, 1 time of compound attractant, 2 parts of Antarctic krill oil, 0.8 part of multi-vitamin mixture, 0.9 part of lard and 0.6 part of multi-mineral mixture; the proportioning content of the mycosin Plectasin peptide is 2.5 parts of mycosin Plectasin peptide; the above multi-vitamin mixture and multi-mineral mixture can be mixed with conventional feed vitamins and trace element minerals.

3. The preparation method of the functional feed for promoting the growth of channel catfish according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pellet feed preparation method includes the following process steps: A. Mix the imported fish meal, Antarctic krill meal, meat and bone meal, soybean meal, second-grade meal, peanut kernel meal, brewer's grains, feed adhesive, compound immunopotentiator, compound attractant, vitamin premix and mineral premix according to the formula ratio, and grind them into powder for the first time so that they can pass through a 20-mesh sieve; then grind the powdered materials into powder for the second time with an ultra-fine grinder so that the fineness of the materials can pass through an 80-mesh sieve; B. Mix the mixed raw materials crushed in step A with sheep oil, soybean oil, corn oil, fish oil, Antarctic krill oil and lard, stir them fully, add appropriate amount of water to mix well, put them into an extruder for extrusion, and make extruded granular feed.

4. The feeding method of the functional feed for promoting the growth of channel catfish according to claim 1, characterized in that, 30 minutes before feeding the pellet feed each time, mix Plectasin peptide with a content of 20000U / g with clean water in proportion. After the Plectasin peptide is completely dissolved, the mixed solution is mixed with the pellet feed in proportion and then fed.