Anode tail gas hydrogen emission reduction device of hydrogen fuel cell test system

Abstract

The invention relates to an anode tail gas hydrogen emission reduction device of a hydrogen fuel cell test system, which comprises a Tesla valve, an ejector, a flow dividing and guiding pipe and a catalyst carrier, the catalyst carrier is a hollow pipeline with a cooling pipeline, a catalyst is arranged in the hollow pipeline, anode tail gas is introduced into the Tesla valve, an outlet of the Tesla valve is connected with an inlet of the ejector, and the outlet of the Tesla valve is connected with an outlet of the ejector. A bypass connector of the ejector is connected with an outlet of the cooling pipeline, an outlet of the ejector is connected with an inlet of the flow dividing and guiding pipe, an outlet of the flow dividing and guiding pipe is connected with an inlet of the hollow pipeline, and an outlet of the hollow pipeline and an inlet of the cooling pipeline are communicated with the atmosphere. Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages that gas backflow suppression under the condition that no movable part exists is achieved through the Tesla valve; the consumption rate of hydrogen is improved by adopting the flow dividing and guiding pipe, and heat accumulation in the catalysis process is avoided; the ejector is adopted, so that the heat exchange efficiency is improved; and the heated air in the cooling pipeline improves the catalytic efficiency and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the treatment of the tail gas of a hydrogen fuel cell, and more particularly to a device for reducing hydrogen in the anode tail gas of a hydrogen fuel cell test system. Background Art

[0002] In a hydrogen fuel cell test system, especially a test system for small-area hydrogen fuel cell tests, a large amount of hydrogen that has not been reacted by the fuel cell often exists in the anode tail gas. Directly discharging this part of the gas into the atmosphere will pose a serious safety hazard.

[0003] In order to achieve safe emission of the tail gas, it is necessary to reprocess the tail gas to reduce the hydrogen content therein. There are mainly three ways to eliminate hydrogen in the currently disclosed patents. The first is the method of burning hydrogen through an ignition device, which has a large safety hazard; the second method uses hydrogen storage materials for hydrogen recovery, with a complex process and high cost; the third method uses catalytic oxidation with a catalyst, with mild conditions but still a complex structure resulting in high cost. For example, the authorized publication number CN204786403U discloses a planar infrared catalytic combustor, which specifically discloses: including a combustor cavity formed with a gas mixing chamber, a Venturi ejector tube, an air inlet nozzle, and a flow dividing plate. The flow dividing plate is arranged at the bottom of the gas mixing chamber in the combustor cavity. One end of the Venturi ejector tube is connected to the bottom of the combustor cavity, and the Venturi ejector tube communicates with the Venturi ejector tube through the flow dividing plate. The other end of the Venturi ejector tube is connected to the air inlet nozzle, and a damper for introducing air is also provided at the end of the Venturi tube close to the air inlet nozzle. The top of the combustor cavity is also covered with a honeycomb hole panel. The combustor cavity communicates with the outside through the honeycomb hole panel, and an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy mesh is also laid on the honeycomb hole panel.

[0004] In summary, how to design a device for reducing hydrogen in the anode tail gas of a hydrogen fuel cell test system with high safety, simple process, and low cost is a technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for reducing hydrogen in the anode tail gas of a hydrogen fuel cell test system to overcome the defects of large safety hazards, complex process, and high cost existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, a hydrogen emission reduction device for the anode exhaust gas of a hydrogen fuel cell test system is provided, which includes a Tesla valve, an ejector, a shunt diversion pipe, and a catalyst carrier. The catalyst carrier is a hollow pipe with a cooling pipe. There is a catalyst for hydrogen oxidation in the hollow pipe. The anode exhaust gas is introduced into the inlet of the Tesla valve. The outlet of the Tesla valve is connected to the inlet of the ejector. The bypass interface of the ejector is connected to the outlet of the cooling pipe. The outlet of the ejector is connected to the inlet of the shunt diversion pipe. The outlet of the shunt diversion pipe is connected to the inlet of the hollow pipe. The outlet of the hollow pipe and the inlet of the cooling pipe are in communication with the atmosphere.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, at least one shunt plate is provided in the shunt diversion pipe, and the interior of the shunt diversion pipe is divided into at least two shunt spaces by the shunt plate.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, a branch outlet is led out from each shunt space, and the branch outlet is connected to the inlet of the hollow pipe.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the catalyst is coated on the inner wall of the hollow pipe.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the catalytic reaction occurring in the hollow pipe generates heat to heat the air inhaled in the cooling pipe.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the ejector is replaced with a Venturi tube.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, a contraction tube, a throat tube, and a diffuser tube are sequentially arranged inside the ejector or the Venturi tube from the inlet to the outlet. One end of the bypass interface is connected to the throat tube, and the other end leads to the outside of the ejector or the Venturi tube.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the end of the bypass interface connected to the throat tube is thinner than the end communicating with the outside.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the middle section of the cooling pipe is located inside the hollow pipe, and both ends are located outside the hollow pipe.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the air pressure inside the ejector is lower than the atmospheric pressure.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1) The present invention realizes the suppression of gas reflux without movable parts through the Tesla valve; without movable parts, the cost is low, the overall device configuration is convenient, and the cumbersome operation process is optimized; the content of hydrogen in the anode exhaust gas is reduced by the catalytic method of the catalyst, which is safe and reliable;

[0019] 2) The present invention adopts the method of gas shunt, which not only improves the consumption rate of hydrogen, but also reduces the heat generation rate in a single catalytic device, avoiding the accumulation of heat and temperature during the catalytic process;

[0020] 3) The present invention uses an ejector or a Venturi tube to increase the air flow rate in the catalyst carrier cooling pipeline, improving the heat exchange efficiency;

[0021] 4) The heated air in the cooling pipeline of the present invention in turn accelerates the preheating process of catalysis, improving the catalytic efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a hydrogen emission reduction device for the anode exhaust gas of a hydrogen fuel cell test system according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a sectional view of the ejector of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a shunt guide pipe with three branch outlets according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is a sectional view of the shunt guide pipe with three branch outlets according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the catalyst carrier of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 is a sectional view of the catalyst carrier of the present invention;

[0028] The reference numerals in the figures are shown as follows:

[0029] 1. Tesla valve, 2. Ejector, 20. Bypass interface, 21. Converging tube, 22. Throat tube, 23. Diverging tube, 3. Shunt guide pipe, 30. Shunt plate, 31. Shunt space, 32. Branch outlet, 4. Catalyst carrier, 40. Cooling pipeline, 41. Hollow pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] As Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a hydrogen emission reduction device for the anode exhaust gas of a hydrogen fuel cell test system, which can effectively reduce the hydrogen content in the anode exhaust gas of the hydrogen fuel cell test system, and has a simple structure, no moving parts, and low cost. The present invention includes a Tesla valve 1, an ejector 2, a shunt and diversion pipe 3, and a catalyst carrier 4. The ejector 2 can be replaced by a Venturi tube. The thick black lines in the figure represent gas paths.

[0032] The Tesla valve 1 is provided with an inlet and an outlet. The outlet of the anode exhaust gas pipeline of the hydrogen fuel cell test system is directly connected to the inlet of the Tesla valve 1, and the outlet of the Tesla valve 1 is connected to the inlet of the Venturi tube or the ejector 2.

[0033] As Figure 2 shown, the Venturi tube or the ejector 2 is provided with an inlet, an outlet, and a bypass interface 20. Inside, a converging tube 21, a throat tube 22, and a diverging tube 23 are sequentially arranged from the inlet to the outlet. One end of the bypass interface 20 is connected to the throat tube 22, and the other end leads to the outside of the ejector 2 or the Venturi tube and is connected to the outlet of the cooling pipeline 40 of the catalyst carrier 4, so as to suck outside air into the Venturi tube or the ejector 2 under the action of the pressure difference. The end of the bypass interface 20 connected to the throat tube 22 is thinner than the end communicating with the outside. The outlet of the Venturi tube or the ejector 2 is connected to the inlet of the shunt and diversion pipe 3 to transport the mixed gas to the shunt and diversion pipe 3.

[0034] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, there are multiple shunt plates 30 in the shunt and diversion pipe 3 and shunt spaces 31 separated by the shunt plates 30. Each shunt space 31 leads to a branch outlet 32 connected to the inlet of the hollow pipeline 41 of the catalyst carrier 4. In this embodiment, two shunt plates 30 are used to separate three shunt spaces 31 as an example.

[0035] As Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, the catalyst carrier 4 is a hollow pipeline 41 with a cooling pipeline 40. The middle section of the cooling pipeline 40 is located inside the hollow pipeline 41, and both ends are located outside the hollow pipeline 41. The inner wall of the hollow pipeline 41 is coated with a catalyst for hydrogen oxidation. The catalyst for hydrogen oxidation is a Pt / C catalyst, which is a commonly used commercial catalyst in the prior art. The outlet of the hollow pipeline 41 and the inlet of the cooling pipeline 40 are directly connected to the atmosphere. The inlet of the cooling pipeline 40 of the catalyst carrier 4 is directly connected to the atmosphere. Since outside air will pass through the cooling pipeline 40 of the catalyst carrier 4, a catalytic reaction occurs in the hollow pipeline 41, and the heat generated during the catalytic reaction is used to heat the inhaled air, thereby increasing the catalytic reaction rate.

[0036] As described above, it is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of various equivalent modifications or substitutions, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hydrogen emission reduction device for the anode exhaust gas of a hydrogen fuel cell test system, characterized in that, It includes a Tesla valve (1), an ejector (2), a shunt and diversion pipe (3), and a catalyst carrier (4). The catalyst carrier (4) is a hollow pipe (41) with a cooling pipe (40). Inside the hollow pipe (41) is a catalyst for hydrogen oxidation. The anode tail gas is introduced into the inlet of the Tesla valve (1). The outlet of the Tesla valve (1) is connected to the inlet of the ejector (2). The bypass interface (20) of the ejector (2) is connected to the outlet of the cooling pipe (40). The outlet of the ejector (2) is connected to the inlet of the shunt and diversion pipe (3). The outlet of the shunt and diversion pipe (3) is connected to the inlet of the hollow pipe (41). The outlet of the hollow pipe (41) and the inlet of the cooling pipe (40) are in communication with the atmosphere.

2. The hydrogen emission reduction device for the anode exhaust gas of a hydrogen fuel cell test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one shunt plate (30) is provided inside the shunt and diversion pipe (3), and the interior of the shunt and diversion pipe (3) is divided into at least two shunt spaces (31) by the shunt plate (30).

3. The hydrogen emission reduction device for the anode exhaust gas of a hydrogen fuel cell test system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the shunt spaces (31) leads to a branch outlet (32), and the branch outlet (32) is connected to the inlet of the hollow pipe (41).

4. The hydrogen emission reduction device for the anode exhaust gas of a hydrogen fuel cell test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The catalyst is coated on the inner wall of the hollow pipe (41).

5. The hydrogen emission reduction device for the anode exhaust gas of a hydrogen fuel cell test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The catalytic reaction occurring in the hollow pipe (41) generates heat to heat the air inhaled in the cooling pipe (40).

6. The hydrogen emission reduction device for the anode exhaust gas of a hydrogen fuel cell test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ejector (2) is replaced with a Venturi tube.

7. The hydrogen emission reduction device for the anode exhaust gas of a hydrogen fuel cell test system according to claim 6, characterized in that, Inside the ejector (2) or the Venturi tube, a contraction tube (21), a throat tube (22), and a diffuser tube (23) are sequentially arranged from the inlet to the outlet. One end of the bypass interface (20) is connected to the throat tube (22), and the other end leads to the outside of the ejector (2) or the Venturi tube.

8. The hydrogen emission reduction device for the anode exhaust gas of a hydrogen fuel cell test system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The end of the bypass interface (20) connected to the throat tube (22) is thinner than the end communicating with the outside.

9. The hydrogen emission reduction device for the anode exhaust gas of a hydrogen fuel cell test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle section of the cooling pipe (40) is located inside the hollow pipe (41), and both ends are located outside the hollow pipe (41).

10. The hydrogen emission reduction device for the anode exhaust gas of a hydrogen fuel cell test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air pressure inside the ejector (2) is lower than the atmospheric pressure.

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