Belt conveyor for coal mine and using method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of coal mine transportation, in particular to a belt conveyor for a coal mine and a using method. When a conveying belt of the conveyor deviates, a deviation correcting spring on a carrier roller deforms and corrects deviation of the carrier roller, and meanwhile a friction pad on the carrier roller makes contact with the conveying belt; when the pressure of the deviation rectifying spring is larger than a first preset threshold value, the deviation rectifying motor is started, after the deviation rectifying motor is started, the carrier roller drives the conveying belt to move towards the original position, meanwhile, the deviation rectifying spring continues to deform and rectifies deviation of the carrier roller, meanwhile, the friction pad further makes contact with the conveying belt, and finally deviation rectifying of the conveying belt is achieved. According to the deviation rectifying device, the abrasion of the conveying belt and the carrier rollers is avoided while the deviation of the conveying belt is rectified, and the deviation condition is further avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of coal mine transportation, and particularly relates to a belt conveyor for coal mines and a usage method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The belt conveyor for coal mines is a commonly used device in coal mine mining. When conveying coal, the situation of the conveyor belt running off track often occurs. The reasons for running off track include: uneven stacking of materials on the conveyor belt, poor elasticity or tensile strength of the conveyor belt due to wear, serious wear of the idlers or inconsistent installation angles of the idlers, etc. The existing devices prevent and avoid running off track by changing the inclination angle of the idlers. For example, a belt conveyor for coal mine production disclosed in CN117163557A and an idler for a belt conveyor for coal mines disclosed in CN216510778U. However, in the prior art, changing the inclination angle of the idlers may cause the angles of the left and right idlers to be asymmetric or the angles of adjacent rows of idlers to be inconsistent, thus making it difficult to adjust the running-off-track situation, and even causing the conveyor belt to continue running off track in the opposite direction. At the same time, when adjusting the running-off-track situation, there is a lateral friction (i.e., friction perpendicular to the movement direction of the conveyor belt) between the conveyor belt and the idlers, resulting in further wear of the conveyor belt and the idlers, and instead further increasing the risk of running off track. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a belt conveyor for coal mines and a usage method thereof.

[0004] An embodiment of the present invention provides a belt conveyor for coal mines, including: a conveyor belt, idlers, idler brackets, and idler bases. The idler shafts fixed on the idler brackets are inserted into the idlers from both the left and right sides of the idlers, and the connection between the idlers and the inserted parts of the idler shafts is a rolling connection and a sliding connection; one end of the idler shaft that is inserted into the idler is sequentially and slidably connected to a passive sliding sleeve and an active sliding sleeve; wherein the active sliding sleeve is rollingly connected to a fixed bearing, and the fixed bearing is fixed on the idler; the passive sliding sleeve is rollingly connected to a sliding bearing, and both ends of a push rod are respectively hingedly connected to the sliding bearing and a friction pad, wherein the friction pad is located in an idler chute on the idler, and the friction pad is slidably connected in the idler chute; the surface of the friction pad is a convex elastic rough arc surface; The idler shaft is elastically connected to the active sliding sleeve through a deviation-correcting spring; one end of the deviation-correcting spring is equipped with a pressure sensor; Every three idlers that form a triple idler support the conveyor belt into a state where the middle is flat and both ends are inclined outward; for any one of the left and right idlers in the triple idler, the two idler brackets connected to the idler move horizontally under the drive of a deviation-correcting motor. The idler brackets are slidably connected to the idler bases, and the deviation-correcting motor is fixed on the idler bases.

[0005] Preferably, the idler shaft is elastically connected to the active sliding sleeve through a deviation-correcting spring; one end of the deviation-correcting spring is installed with a pressure sensor, and the structure included is: There are several shaft grooves on the outer wall of the idler shaft. The deviation-correcting spring is placed in the shaft grooves. One end of the deviation-correcting spring is fixed on the shaft groove, and the other end is fixed on the active sliding sleeve; a pressure sensor is installed at the connection part between the deviation-correcting spring and the shaft groove, and the pressure sensor is used to measure the pressure of the deviation-correcting spring.

[0006] Preferably, the sliding sleeve is connected to the fixed bearing in a rolling manner, and the fixed bearing is fixed on the idler, and the structure included is: The inner wall of the fixed bearing is welded to the outer wall of the active sliding sleeve, the outer wall of the fixed bearing is welded to the idler, and balls are installed between the inner wall and the outer wall of the fixed bearing.

[0007] Preferably, the distance between the passive sliding sleeve and the active sliding sleeve is greater than a preset distance threshold, where the preset distance threshold is greater than 0.

[0008] Preferably, the two idler supports connected to the idler move horizontally driven by a deviation-correcting motor, and the structure included is: For the idler shafts inserted at the left and right ends of the idler, the two idler supports fixing the idler shafts are recorded as the two idler supports connected to the idler; A deviation-correcting lead screw with an external thread passes through the lower ends of the two idler supports. One end of the deviation-correcting lead screw is fixed on the rotating shaft of the deviation-correcting motor. At the same time, when the deviation-correcting lead screw passes through the idler support, the perforation through which it passes has an internal thread that fits with the external thread. When the deviation-correcting motor rotates, the deviation-correcting lead screw drives the two idler supports to move horizontally.

[0009] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a usage method of a belt conveyor for coal mines, using the above-mentioned belt conveyor for coal mines, and the method includes: The working process of the belt conveyor includes: when the conveyor belt deviates, the idler slides along the idler support, and the fixed bearing also drives the active sliding sleeve to slide. At the same time, the deviation-correcting spring deforms. When the active sliding sleeve squeezes the passive sliding sleeve, the sliding bearing also slides, and the sliding bearing pushes the friction pad through the push rod and contacts the conveyor belt; The pressure when the friction pad contacts the conveyor belt is recorded as the start threshold; During the working process, the deviation direction and the resultant force of the pressure of each idler are obtained according to the pressure output by the pressure sensor; the deviation direction a of the conveyor belt is obtained according to the deviation directions of all the idlers in the triple idler, and the opposite direction of the deviation direction a is recorded as the b direction; When the resultant pressure of the idlers is greater than the first preset threshold, the deviation correction motor on the side of the deviation direction a is started. When the deviation correction motor on the side of the deviation direction a is started, it drives the idler bracket and the idler on the side of the deviation direction a to move in the b direction; the rotation speed of the deviation correction motor on the side of the deviation direction a is proportional to the change rate of the resultant pressure of all the idlers within the time period T, where the time period T is the time period from when the resultant pressure is greater than the first preset threshold to the current moment, and the first preset threshold is greater than or equal to the starting threshold.

[0010] Preferably, the deviation direction and the resultant pressure of each idler are obtained according to the pressure output by the pressure sensor; the steps for obtaining the deviation direction a of the conveyor belt according to the deviation directions of all the idlers in the triple idler are as follows: The idler shafts inserted into the idler from the left and right sides are respectively denoted as the left shaft and the right shaft. The pressure sensor installed on the left shaft is denoted as the left pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor installed on the right shaft is denoted as the right pressure sensor. When the pressure output by the right pressure sensor is greater than or equal to the pressure output by the left pressure sensor, the resultant pressure of the idler is equal to the pressure output by the right pressure sensor, and the deviation direction of the idler is to the right; when the pressure output by the right pressure sensor is less than the pressure output by the left pressure sensor, the resultant pressure of the idler is equal to the pressure output by the left pressure sensor, and the deviation direction of the idler is to the left. The deviation direction is represented by a unit vector. The direction pointed by the average value of the deviation directions of all the idlers in the triple idler is used as the deviation direction a of the conveyor belt.

[0011] Preferably, the specific steps for obtaining the rotation speed of the deviation correction motor on the side of the deviation direction a are as follows: For any one of the idlers in the triple idler, all the resultant pressures obtained by the idler within the time period T are normalized. The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the normalized resultant pressure is denoted as x1, and the ratio of x1 to the time length of the time period T is denoted as the change rate of the resultant pressure of the idler; the average value of the change rates of the resultant pressures of all the idlers 2 in the triple idler is denoted as B1. The change rate of the resultant pressure of the idlers on the side of the deviation direction a is denoted as A1; the rotation speed of the deviation correction motor on the side of the deviation direction a is obtained according to A1 and the difference between A1 and B1.

[0012] Preferably, the steps for obtaining the rotation speed of the deviation correction motor on the side of the deviation direction a according to A1 and the difference between A1 and B1 are as follows: The adjustment amplitude of the rotation speed of the deviation correction motor on the side of the deviation direction a is denoted as C1: ; represents the difference between A1 and B1; Obtain the rotational speed of the deviation rectifying motor on one side of the deviation direction a according to the adjustment amplitude of the rotational speed of the deviation rectifying motor on one side of the deviation direction a.

[0013] Preferably, obtaining the rotational speed of the deviation rectifying motor on one side of the deviation direction a according to the adjustment amplitude of the rotational speed of the deviation rectifying motor on one side of the deviation direction a includes the following specific steps: The rotational speed V of the deviation rectifying motor on one side of the deviation direction a = (1 + C1) × V0; V0 represents the preset initial speed; C1 represents the adjustment amplitude of the rotational speed of the deviation rectifying motor on one side of the deviation direction a.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are: The belt conveyor of the present invention has at least the following structures and fittings: 1. The fitting of the active sliding sleeve and the sliding bearing (i.e., the active sliding sleeve squeezes and pushes the sliding bearing); 2. The fitting of the passive sliding sleeve, the push rod and the friction pad (i.e., when the passive sliding sleeve slides, it pushes the friction pad outwards); 3. The fitting of the deviation rectifying spring with the roller shaft rod and the active sliding sleeve (i.e., when the active sliding sleeve slides, it compresses and stretches the deviation rectifying spring, so that the roller has a tendency to return to its original position); 4. The fitting of the deviation rectifying motor, the roller, the deviation rectifying spring, the friction pad, etc. (i.e., the start of the deviation rectifying motor further compresses the deviation rectifying spring, further pushes the friction pad outwards, and at the same time drives the roller and the conveyor belt to return to their original positions).

[0015] Through the above structures and fittings, while reducing the friction between the conveyor belt and the roller, the deviation of the conveyor belt is rectified, ensuring the safety of the operation of the belt conveyor. In the existing method, the deviation is rectified by changing the inclination angle of the roller. Compared with the existing method, the deviation rectifying method of the present invention can ensure that the inclination angle of the roller remains unchanged all the time, avoiding the deviation risk caused by inconsistent inclination angles.

[0016] Furthermore, the present invention further avoids deviation by controlling the rotation of the deviation rectifying motor. On the one hand, the deviation rectifying process is reasonably automatically controlled, and on the other hand, the problem of untimely deviation rectification during serious deviation is avoided.

[0017] Generally speaking, the present invention further avoids the deviation risk. Description of the Drawings

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1It is a schematic structural diagram of the overall device of a belt conveyor for coal mines provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a roller base of a belt conveyor for coal mines provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a shaft rod groove of a belt conveyor for coal mines provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a first axonometric sectional view of a roller of a belt conveyor for coal mines provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a second axonometric sectional view of a belt conveyor for coal mines provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1, conveyor belt; 2, roller; 3, roller support; 4, roller base; 5, passive sliding sleeve; 6, active sliding sleeve; 7, fixed bearing; 8, sliding bearing; 9, deviation correction spring; 10, roller chute; 11, friction pad; 12, push rod; 13, deviation correction motor; 14, deviation correction screw rod; 15, roller shaft rod; 16, shaft rod groove; 17, pressure sensor. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] In order to further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended invention purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation manners, structures, features and effects of a belt conveyor for coal mines and its usage method proposed according to the present invention. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, the specific features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

[0023] The following specifically describes the specific solutions of a belt conveyor for coal mines and its usage method provided by the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Embodiment 1: Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , which shows a belt conveyor for coal mines provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention, including: conveyor belt 1, roller 2, roller support 3, roller base 4; Among them, the conveyor belt 1 is used to convey coal mines. The idler 2 is located below the conveyor belt 1 and is used to lift the conveyor belt 1. The idler support 3 is used to install the idler 2, and the idler support 3 is installed on the idler base 4. The conveyor belt 1, the idler 2, the idler support 3, and the idler base 4 are the conventional structures of the belt conveyor, and the relationships and functions between them will not be elaborated in this embodiment.

[0025] In this embodiment, every three idlers 2 form a set of triple idlers. Each set of triple idlers supports the conveyor belt 1 into a state where the middle is flat and the two ends are inclined outwards. The idler support and idler assembly disclosed in Patent CN118164156A, and a belt conveyor for coal mines disclosed in Patent CN219258670U, both disclose the structure of the triple idlers, and will not be specifically elaborated in this embodiment.

[0026] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , both ends of the idler 2 are respectively installed on two idler supports 3 through idler shafts 15. The specific installation method is: the two idler shafts 15 are respectively inserted into the idler 2 from the left and right sides of the idler 2 (when inserting, ensure that the idler shafts 15 are aligned with the central axis of the idler 2). One end of each of the two idler shafts 15 is welded and fixed to the upper ends of the two idler supports 3. In this embodiment, the inserted parts of the idler 2 and the idler shafts 15 are in sliding connection and rolling connection, that is, the idler 2 can roll around the idler shafts 15 and can also slide left and right on the idler shafts 15. Among them, for the inserted parts of the idler 2 and the idler shafts 15, the specific structures involved in the sliding connection and rolling connection of the inserted parts will be described later.

[0027] For the end of the idler shaft 15 inserted into the idler 2, for example, the idler shaft 15 inserted from the left side of the idler 2, for this end of the idler shaft 15 inside the idler 2, a passive sliding sleeve 5 and an active sliding sleeve 6 are successively installed at this end (the passive sliding sleeve 5 is on the left side of the active sliding sleeve 6). Both the passive sliding sleeve 5 and the active sliding sleeve 6 are slidably connected to the idler shaft 15, that is, the passive sliding sleeve 5 and the active sliding sleeve 6 can slide on the idler shaft 15; In this embodiment, the passive sliding sleeve 5 and the active sliding sleeve 6 do not directly contact each other, and there is a certain distance interval between them.

[0028] As an optional example, the specific structure of this sliding connection is: for any one of the passive sliding sleeve 5 and the active sliding sleeve 6, the inner wall of this sliding sleeve is in smooth contact with the surface of the idler shaft 15, for example, smooth contact is achieved by applying lubricating oil.

[0029] As a preferred example, the specific structure of this sliding connection is as follows: Ball bearings are installed on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve, and then the ball bearings are in direct contact with the surface of the roller shaft 15, enabling the sliding sleeve to slide on the roller shaft 15 (similarly to the ball spline structure).

[0030] This embodiment does not limit the specific sliding connection method between the sliding sleeve and the roller shaft 15. Other sliding connection methods can be used in other embodiments.

[0031] Furthermore, the active sliding sleeve 6 is in rolling connection with the fixed bearing 7, and the fixed bearing 7 is fixedly connected to the roller 2. That is, when the roller 2 rolls, the fixed bearing 7 will also roll synchronously, but the active sliding sleeve 6 will not actively follow the fixed bearing 7 to roll.

[0032] As an example, the rolling connection method is as follows: The inner wall of the fixed bearing 7 is welded to the outer wall of the active sliding sleeve 6, the outer wall of the fixed bearing 7 is welded to the roller 2, and ball bearings are installed between the inner wall and the outer wall of the fixed bearing 7 (that is, the fixed bearing 7 is a ball bearing).

[0033] In summary, the active sliding sleeve 6 can slide on the roller shaft 15, and at the same time, the roller 2 can roll relative to the active sliding sleeve 6. That is, the part of the roller shaft 15 inserted into the roller 2 is in rolling connection and sliding connection with the roller 2.

[0034] Similarly, for the inserted part of the roller 2 and the roller shaft 15, the sliding connection and rolling connection methods of this inserted part are the same as above: that is, a sliding sleeve is installed on the inserted part now, and then the sliding sleeve is in rolling connection with the roller 2 through a ball bearing.

[0035] The above structure enables the roller 2 to roll and slide on the roller shaft 15, and its purpose is as follows: Considering that when the conveyor belt 1 conveys coal, there will inevitably be a deviation problem (such as the uneven distribution of coal on the conveyor belt 1 and the deviation caused by the wear of the conveyor belt 1). Generally, when the deviation problem is not serious, that is, when the conveyor belt 1 swings slightly left and right, it will not cause too much interference to the coal conveying process. The roller 2 in this embodiment can move left and right along the roller shaft 15 while rolling, that is, when the conveyor belt 1 swings slightly left and right, it will also drive the roller 2 to slide left and right, reducing the relative movement between the conveyor belt 1 and the roller 2 to a certain extent (that is, the relative movement perpendicular to the direction of coal conveying by the conveyor belt 1), avoiding the situation of friction between the conveyor belt 1 and the roller 2 when the conveyor belt 1 swings left and right, further avoiding the wear of the conveyor belt 1 (and also avoiding the wear of the roller 2), and ultimately being able to ensure to a certain extent that: the slight deviation of the conveyor belt 1 will not become a large deviation due to excessive friction, or in other words, reducing the possibility of large deviation of the conveyor belt 1.

[0036] Further, the passive sliding sleeve 5 is in rolling connection with the sliding bearing 8, and the connection method is as follows: the inner wall of the sliding bearing 8 is welded to the outer wall of the passive sliding sleeve 5, and balls are installed between the inner wall and the outer wall of the sliding bearing 8 (that is, the sliding bearing 8 is also a ball bearing).

[0037] A number of push rods 12 are hinged to the outer wall of the sliding bearing 8 (for example, 8 push rods 12 are hinged to the outer wall of the sliding bearing 8 at equal intervals along the circumference), and the other end of each push rod 12 is hinged to the friction pad 11. At the same time, a number of roller chutes 10 are milled on the surface of the roller 2 (the number of roller chutes 10 is equal to the number of push rods 12), and each friction pad 11 is placed in each roller chute 10, and the friction pad 11 is in sliding connection with the roller chute 10, that is, the friction pad 11 can slide in the roller chute 10, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown.

[0038] Further, as Figure 3 and Figure 5 shown, a number of shaft rod grooves 16 are engraved on the outer wall of the roller shaft rod 15 (for example, 8 shaft rod grooves 16 are distributed in central symmetry), and a deviation correction spring 9 is placed in the shaft rod groove 16. One end of the deviation correction spring 9 is fixed to the shaft rod groove 16, and the other end is fixed to the active sliding sleeve 6. For example, for the shaft rod groove 16 on the roller shaft rod 15 inserted into the roller 2 from the left side, the left end of the deviation correction spring 9 is fixed to the left side of the shaft rod groove 16, and the right end is fixed to the active sliding sleeve 6. It should be noted that the inner wall of the active sliding sleeve 6 has a convex structure, and this convex structure is inserted into the shaft rod groove 16, and the right end of the deviation correction spring 9 is welded to the convex structure, so that the right end of the deviation correction spring 9 is fixed to the active sliding sleeve 6.

[0039] When the roller 2 is at rest without being subjected to external forces (that is, without being subjected to frictional forces), the lengths of all the deviation correction springs 9 are the same and in a non-deformed state.

[0040] The above description is about the structure of the end of the roller shaft rod 15 inserted into the roller 2 from the left side and inside the roller 2. For the end of the roller shaft rod 15 inserted into the roller 2 from the right side and inside the roller 2, this end has a mirror-symmetrical structure with the end inserted from the left side, as Figure 4 shown.

[0041] For any roller 2, the purpose of the sliding bearing 8, the push rod 12, the deviation correction spring 9, and the friction pad 11 inside the above-mentioned roller 2 is as follows: When the conveyor belt 1 runs off track, assuming it runs off track to the right. As described above, during the process of running off track, the idler 2 will move to the right along with the conveyor belt 1 (move to the right under the action of static friction), reducing the sliding friction between the idler 2 and the conveyor belt 1. However, when the deviation is severe, that is, when the conveyor belt 1 deviates to the right by a large margin, the idler 2 will also continue to run off track to the right along with the conveyor belt 1. At the same time, the deviation correction spring 9 on the right idler shaft 15 is greatly compressed, and the deviation correction spring 9 on the left idler shaft 15 is greatly stretched. The deviation correction springs 9 on the left and right idler shafts 15 apply a leftward force to the idler 2 simultaneously (it should be noted that the idler 2 is slidably connected to the idler shaft 15). Therefore, when the idler 2 moves significantly to the right along with the conveyor belt 1, under the action of the deviation correction spring 9, the idler 2 has a tendency to move to the left, and at the same time, the conveyor belt 1 in contact with the idler 2 also has a tendency to move to the left. This tendency will correct the deviated conveyor belt 1 back to its original position. This tendency is called the deviation correction effect of the deviation correction spring 9.

[0042] The following situation will occur: Although the deviation correction spring 9 has a deviation correction effect when the deviation to the right is relatively large, the static friction between the conveyor belt 1 and the idler 2 may be small. At this time, even if the idler 2 has a tendency to return to its original position under the deviation correction effect of the deviation correction spring 9, the conveyor belt 1 will continue to slide to the right, which results in friction between the conveyor belt 1 and the idler 2 and the deviation situation will continue to become more severe.

[0043] The principle involved in this embodiment to avoid the above situation is as follows: After the idler 2 deviates to the right by a certain margin along with the conveyor belt 1 (this deviation process is also accompanied by the active sliding sleeve 6 moving to the right), the active sliding sleeve 6 contacts the passive sliding sleeve 5 and squeezes (or pushes) the passive sliding sleeve 5 to slide to the right. At the same time, the sliding bearing 8 also follows and slides to the right. During the sliding process, the sliding bearing 8 will push the friction pad 11 outwards through the push rod 12 and contact the conveyor belt 1, increasing the friction between the conveyor belt 1 and the idler 2. In this embodiment, the friction pad 11 is made of an elastic material, such as rubber. The surface of the friction pad 11 is a rough convex arc. The farther the idler 2 deviates to the right along with the conveyor belt 1, the larger the contact area between the friction pad 11 and the idler 2, and the more difficult it is for the conveyor belt 1 to slide relative to the idler 2 to the right. At the same time, the farther it deviates to the right, the more obvious the deviation correction effect of the deviation correction spring 9 (that is, the greater the force exerted by the deviation correction spring 9), and the more difficult it is for the conveyor belt 1 to slide relative to the idler 2 to the right. Coupled with the deviation correction effect of the idler 2 by the deviation correction spring 9, the deviation situation of the conveyor belt 1 is slowed down or even restored to its original position.

[0044] It should be further noted that since the passive sliding sleeve 5 and the active sliding sleeve 6 do not come into direct contact and there is a certain distance interval between them (for example, this distance is 0.13 times the length of the idler 2), when the conveyor belt 1 swings slightly left and right, the passive sliding sleeve 5 and the active sliding sleeve 6 will not come into contact. As a result, the friction pad 11 will not be pushed out and will not contact the conveyor belt 1 either. Therefore, when the conveyor belt 1 swings slightly left and right, there will be neither obvious relative movement nor large frictional loss between the idler 2 and the conveyor belt 1, and thus the slightly swinging conveyor belt 1 will not be significantly worn. In other embodiments, the distance between the passive sliding sleeve 5 and the active sliding sleeve 6 can be set to other values greater than 0, and this embodiment does not specifically limit it.

[0045] Furthermore, although the above effectively alleviates the deviation situation, considering that the force exerted by the deviation correction spring 9 (that is, the pressure or tension indirectly exerted on the idler 2 by the deviation correction spring 9 through the active sliding sleeve 6) may not be large enough, it is difficult to restore the conveyor belt 1 and the idler 2 to their original positions, or even the deviation situation is only partially alleviated and there is still a rightward deviation movement.

[0046] Although the above problem can be solved by increasing the elastic coefficient of the deviation correction spring 9, for the situation where the deviation of the conveyor belt 1 is not serious (that is, the conveyor belt 1 swings slightly left and right), due to the too large elastic coefficient of the deviation correction spring 9, the idler 2 cannot swing left and right along with the conveyor belt 1, but the conveyor belt 1 rubs left and right on the idler 2, resulting in serious wear of the conveyor belt 1 and the idler 2. Therefore, increasing the elastic coefficient of the deviation correction spring 9 is not the optimal solution.

[0047] In this embodiment, the following structure is further used to alleviate the deviation situation of the conveyor belt 1 and restore the conveyor belt 1 to its original position.

[0048] For any one of the left and right idlers 2 in the triple idler, the idler 2 is installed between two idler brackets 3, and the specific installation method has been described above.

[0049] As Figure 2 shown, the deviation correction screw rod 14 with external threads passes through the lower ends of these two idler brackets 3. One end of the deviation correction screw rod 14 is fixed on the rotating shaft of the deviation correction motor 13. At the same time, when the deviation correction screw rod 14 passes through the idler bracket 3, the perforation through which it passes has internal threads that fit with the external threads. When the deviation correction motor 13 rotates, the deviation correction screw rod 14 drives these two idler brackets 3 to move horizontally. When moving horizontally, the idler 2 (and the idler shaft rod 15) installed on these two idler brackets 3 also moves horizontally.

[0050] The idler support 3 is slidably connected to the idler base 4, that is, the idler support 3 can slide on the idler base 4. One method of sliding connection is: some ball bearings are inlaid at the contact part between the idler support 3 and the idler base 4 (that is, the lower end of the idler support 3); another method of sliding connection is to install a pulley at the lower end of the idler support 3, and this pulley contacts the idler base 4.

[0051] In addition, the deviation rectifying motor 13 is fixed on the idler base 4. When the deviation rectifying motor 13 is not started, the idler support 3 will not slide on the idler base 4; when the deviation rectifying motor 13 is started, the idler support 3 will slide on the idler base 4.

[0052] There are two deviation rectifying lead screws 14 and two deviation rectifying motors 13 respectively as described above, and they are symmetrically distributed left and right, as Figure 2 shown.

[0053] When the conveyor belt 1 runs off track, assuming it deviates to the right, with the cooperation of the friction pad 11 and the deviation rectifying spring 9, it is difficult for the conveyor belt 1 to slide on the idler 2. At the same time, there is a tendency for the idler 2 and the conveyor belt 1 to return to their original positions, and finally the deviation of the conveyor belt 1 is alleviated to a certain extent; further, the deviation rectifying motor 13 on the right side is started, causing the two idler supports 3 on the right side to horizontally move to the left. When the rightmost idler support 3 moves to the left, it directly drives the rightmost idler shaft 15 to move to the left. At this time, if the deviation of the conveyor belt 1 has not been sufficiently alleviated, that is, there is a tendency for the idler 2 and the conveyor belt 1 to return to their original positions, but they do not move to the original positions, and even continue to deviate to the right. At this time, for the idler shaft 15 that moves to the left and the idler 2 that deviates to the right (or does not move to the original position), the two will continue to squeeze the deviation rectifying spring 9 on the rightmost idler shaft 15. At the same time, the active sliding sleeve 6 will also squeeze and push the passive sliding sleeve 5 to the right, and the sliding bearing 8 will further push the friction pad 11 outwards through the push rod 12, making it more difficult for the conveyor belt 1 to slide on the idler 2. At the same time, the tendency for the idler 2 and the conveyor belt 1 to return to their original positions becomes more obvious, further alleviating or weakening the deviation or deviation tendency of the conveyor belt 1. On this basis, the leftward moving idler shaft 15 will also drive the idler 2 to move to the left. The deviation or deviation tendency of the conveyor belt 1 is alleviated or weakened, and coupled with the leftward movement of the idler 2, the conveyor belt 1 and the idler 2 return to their original positions.

[0054] In this embodiment, the original position mentioned refers to the position when no deviation occurs.

[0055] In summary, the belt conveyor of this embodiment has at least the following structures and fittings: 1. The fitting of the active sliding sleeve 6 and the sliding bearing 8 (i.e., the active sliding sleeve 6 presses and pushes the sliding bearing 8); 2. The fitting of the passive sliding sleeve 5, the push rod 12, and the friction pad 11 (i.e., when the passive sliding sleeve 5 slides, it pushes the friction pad 11 outwards); 3. The fitting of the deviation rectifying spring 9 with the idler shaft rod 15 and the active sliding sleeve 6 (i.e., when the active sliding sleeve 6 slides, it compresses and stretches the deviation rectifying spring 9, causing the idler 2 to tend to return to its original position); 4. The fitting of the deviation rectifying motor 13, the idler 2, the deviation rectifying spring 9, the friction pad 11, etc. (i.e., when the deviation rectifying motor 13 starts, the deviation rectifying spring 9 is further compressed, the friction pad 11 is further pushed outwards, and at the same time, the idler 2 and the conveyor belt 1 are driven to return to their original positions).

[0056] Through the above structures and fittings, while reducing the friction between the conveyor belt 1 and the idler 2, the deviation of the conveyor belt 1 is rectified, ensuring the safety of the operation of the belt conveyor. In the existing method, the deviation is rectified by changing the inclination angle of the idler 2. Compared with the existing method, the deviation rectifying method of this embodiment can ensure that the inclination angle of the idler 2 remains unchanged all the time, avoiding the risk of deviation caused by inconsistent inclination angles.

[0057] Embodiment Two: In the above Embodiment One, the structure of the belt conveyor for coal mines was described, and its working process includes: when the conveyor belt 1 deviates, the idler 2 in contact with the conveyor belt 1 slides along the idler shaft rod 15, and the fixed bearing 7 also drives the active sliding sleeve 6 to slide. At the same time, the deviation rectifying spring 9 deforms. When the active sliding sleeve 6 contacts and presses the passive sliding sleeve 5, the sliding bearing 8 slides, and the sliding bearing 8 pushes the friction pad 11 outwards through the push rod 12 and contacts the conveyor belt 1.

[0058] Based on the above working process, this embodiment gives the specific use and control method of the belt conveyor, which specifically includes: Step S001. Obtain the deviation direction a of the conveyor belt 1 according to the pressure of the deviation rectifying spring 9.

[0059] First, install a pressure sensor 17 at the connection part of the deviation rectifying spring 9 and the shaft rod groove 16. The pressure sensor 17 used in this embodiment is a piezoelectric pressure sensor. Considering that there are multiple shaft rod grooves 16 on each idler shaft rod 15, randomly select one shaft rod groove 16 on each idler shaft rod 15, and install the pressure sensor 17 at the connection part of the deviation rectifying spring 9 and this shaft rod groove 16. Therefore, there are two pressure sensors 17 on the left and right parts of each idler 2. The data output by the pressure sensor 17 represents the pressure when the deviation rectifying spring 9 deforms.

[0060] During the operation of the belt conveyor, the pressure output by each pressure sensor 17 is collected in real time.

[0061] It should be noted that the deformation generated by the deviation correction spring 9 includes compression deformation and tensile deformation, and the generated forces include pressure and tension. The pressure sensor 17 in this embodiment only detects pressure. When the generated force is tension, the data output by the pressure sensor 17 is set to 0.

[0062] For the two pressure sensors 17 on the left and right parts of any idler 2, when the pressure output by the right pressure sensor 17 is greater than or equal to the pressure output by the left pressure sensor 17, the resultant pressure of the idler 2 is equal to the pressure output by the right pressure sensor 17, and the deviation direction of the idler 2 is to the right; when the pressure output by the right pressure sensor 17 is less than the pressure output by the left pressure sensor 17, the resultant pressure of the idler 2 is equal to the pressure output by the left pressure sensor 17, and the deviation direction of the idler 2 is to the left.

[0063] So far, during the operation of the belt conveyor, the resultant pressure and deviation direction of each idler 2 have been obtained in real time. In this embodiment, the deviation direction of the idler 2 is represented by a unit vector, and the direction pointed by the average value of the deviation directions of all the idlers 2 in the triple idler is used as the deviation direction a of the conveyor belt 1.

[0064] So far, during the operation of the belt conveyor, the deviation direction a of the conveyor belt 1 on each group of triple idlers has been obtained in real time.

[0065] Step S002: Control the rotation of the deviation correction motor 13 according to the deviation direction a of the conveyor belt 1.

[0066] For the friction pad 11 on any idler 2, in this embodiment, the pressure when the friction pad 11 contacts the conveyor belt 1 is recorded as the starting threshold. The method for obtaining this starting threshold is as follows: Before the belt conveyor is put into use, for any idler 2 on the belt conveyor, manually push the idler 2 to cause the deviation correction spring 9 to deform. At the same time, when the active sliding sleeve 6 contacts and presses the passive sliding sleeve 5, the sliding bearing 8 slides, and the sliding bearing 8 pushes the friction pad 11 outwards through the push rod 12. When the friction pad 11 contacts the conveyor belt 1, manually record the pressure generated by the deviation correction spring 9. For all the idlers 2 on the belt conveyor, a pressure is recorded for each, and the average value of all the pressures is recorded as the starting threshold.

[0067] Another method for obtaining this starting threshold is: Manually randomly select several (for example, 5) idlers 2 for the above operations, and then obtain the starting threshold.

[0068] The starting threshold in this embodiment is obtained through manual testing before the belt conveyor is put into use.

[0069] During the operation of the belt conveyor, for any one of the three rollers 2 in the triple roller, when the resultant force of the pressure on the roller 2 is less than the starting threshold, it indicates that the deviation amplitude of the conveyor belt 1 is small, or in other words, the deviation tendency can be eliminated only by the deviation correction effect of the deviation correction spring 9; when the resultant force of the pressure on the roller 2 is greater than or equal to the starting threshold, it indicates that the deviation amplitude of the conveyor belt 1 is large, or in other words, it is difficult to eliminate the deviation tendency only by the deviation correction effect of the deviation correction spring 9.

[0070] During the above-mentioned working process, if the resultant force of the pressure on all the rollers 2 in the triple roller is not greater than the first preset threshold th1, the deviation correction motors 13 on the left and right sides below the triple roller are not started.

[0071] If there is one roller 2 in the triple roller and the resultant force of the pressure on the roller 2 is greater than the first preset threshold th1, the deviation correction motor 13 on the offset direction a side of the triple roller is started.

[0072] In this embodiment, th1 is greater than or equal to the starting threshold. Taking th1 equal to 1.2 times the starting threshold as an example in this embodiment, in other embodiments, th1 can be set to other values, for example, th1 is equal to the starting threshold.

[0073] The side opposite to the offset direction a is denoted as direction b. When the deviation correction motor 13 on the offset direction a side is started, it drives the roller support 3 and the roller 2 on the offset direction a side to move towards direction b.

[0074] Among them, when the deviation correction motor 13 on the offset direction a side is started, it drives the roller 2 on the offset direction a side to move towards direction b. The purpose is: for the roller 2 on the offset direction a side and the middle roller 2, the deviation correction springs 9 (the deviation correction springs 9 on the offset direction a side of the roller 2) on these two rollers 2 are further compressed, and at the same time, the friction pads 11 are further pushed outwards, and at the same time, the roller 2 on the offset direction a side and the conveyor belt 1 are driven back to their original positions.

[0075] The rotation speed of the deviation correction motor 13 on the offset direction a side is proportional to the pressure variable within the time period T, where the time period T is the time period from when the pressure is greater than the first preset threshold to the current moment.

[0076] As an example, the method for obtaining the rotation speed of the deviation correction motor 13 on the offset direction a side is: Any one of the three idlers 2, the resultant force of all the pressures obtained by the idler 2 within the time period T, these resultant forces of pressure are normalized, and in this embodiment, the softmax function is used for normalization, the purpose is to remove the dimension. The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the normalized resultant force of pressure is denoted as x1, and the ratio of x1 to the time length of the time period T is denoted as the rate of change of the resultant force of pressure of the idler 2; the mean value of the rates of change of the resultant forces of pressure of all the idlers 2 in the three idler set is denoted as B1.

[0077] In this embodiment, the rate of change of the resultant force of pressure of the idler 2 on the side of the deviation direction a is denoted as A1. The adjustment range of the rotational speed of the deviation correction motor 13 on the side of the deviation direction a is denoted as C1: Among them The larger it is, the faster the pressure (i.e., the resultant force of pressure) received by the idler 2 on the side of the deviation direction a changes, indicating that the deviation situation of the conveyor belt 1 in a short time is more serious (i.e., the deviation amplitude is larger in a short time). Therefore, the deviation correction motor 13 on the side of the deviation direction a needs to respond quickly (i.e., quickly drive the idler 2 on the side of the deviation direction a to move in the direction b, and at this time, that is The larger it is), so that the friction pad 11 on the idler 2 on the side of the deviation direction a quickly contacts the conveyor belt 1 over a large area, preventing the conveyor belt 1 from continuing to deviate. The smaller it is, the less serious the deviation situation of the conveyor belt 1 is, and there is no need for the deviation correction motor 13 on the side of the deviation direction a to respond quickly, avoiding the wear problem caused by the quick contact between the friction pad 11 and the conveyor belt 1 (at this time The smaller it is).

[0078] Describes the relative pressure (i.e., relative difference) received by the idler 2 on the side of the deviation direction a relative to all the idlers 2. The larger this value is, the smaller the pressure change of the other idlers 2 when the conveyor belt 1 deviates (i.e., the deviation correction springs 9 in the other idlers 2 do not deform quickly), indicating that the deviation correction ability of the deviation correction springs 9 in the other idlers 2 for the conveyor belt 1 is weak. Therefore, the deviation correction motor 13 on the side of the deviation direction a also needs to respond quickly (i.e., The larger it is). When The smaller it is, it indicates that when the conveyor belt 1 deviates, the deviation correction springs 9 in the other idlers 2 can also deform quickly to prevent the conveyor belt 1 from further deviating. At this time, the deviation correction motor 13 on the side of the deviation direction a does not need to respond quickly (i.e., The smaller it is).

[0079] In other embodiments, it can be set that , where w is a preset parameter, for example, w = 0.5. This calculation method ignores the deviation correction effect of the deviation correction springs 9 in other idlers 2.

[0080] The rotational speed V of the deviation correction motor 13 on the side of the deviation direction a is V = (1 + C1) × V0. V0 represents the preset initial speed, and V0 needs to be set according to the specific scenario. This embodiment gives a method for setting V0. Set a V0 such that the idler support 3 on the side of the deviation direction a moves 0.8 cm per second. The specific size of V0 is determined according to the models of the deviation correction motor 13 and the deviation correction screw rod 14, and this embodiment does not limit it.

[0081] The above steps S001 and S002 perform a deviation correction process for the conveyor belt 1.

[0082] It should be noted that for the above deviation correction process, when the deviation correction motor 13 is starting, if the resultant pressure of all the idlers 2 in the triple idler is not greater than the first preset threshold th1, it means that the deviation correction process is completed. At this time, the deviation correction motor 13 restores the position of the idler support 3. For example, when the deviation correction process is completed after the deviation correction motor 13 rotates M circles, the deviation correction motor 13 needs to rotate in the reverse direction for another M circles to restore the position of the idler support 3. It should be noted that the rotational speed of the deviation correction motor 13 rotating in the reverse direction during the restoration process needs to be set smaller, for example, 0.1 times of V0, to avoid the conveyor belt 1 being unstable and running off again due to too fast a speed.

[0083] If during the restoration process, the following situation occurs again: if there is an idler 2 in the triple idler and the resultant pressure of this idler 2 is greater than the first preset threshold th1, at this time, the deviation correction is carried out again according to the above process.

[0084] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A belt conveyor for coal mines, comprising: A conveyor belt (1), rollers (2), roller brackets (3), and roller bases (4), characterized in that roller shafts (15) fixed to the roller brackets (3) are inserted into the rollers (2) from the left and right sides of the rollers (2), and the rollers (2) and the inserted parts of the roller shafts (15) are connected in a rolling connection and a sliding connection; one end of the roller shaft (15) that is inserted into the rollers (2) is slidably connected to the passive sliding sleeve (5) and the active sliding sleeve (6) in sequence; wherein the active sliding sleeve (6) and the passive sliding sleeve (5) are connected to the active sliding sleeve (6) in a rolling connection; and the active sliding sleeve (6) and the active sliding sleeve (6) are connected to the active sliding sleeve (6) in a sliding connection. The movable sliding sleeve (6) is rollingly connected to the fixed bearing (7), and the fixed bearing (7) is fixed to the roller (2); the passive sliding sleeve (5) is rollingly connected to the sliding bearing (8), and the two ends of the push rod (12) are respectively hinged to the sliding bearing (8) and the friction pad (11), wherein the friction pad (11) is located in the roller slide groove (10) on the roller (2), and the friction pad (11) is slidingly connected in the roller slide groove (10); the surface of the friction pad (11) is a raised elastic rough arc surface; The roller shaft (15) is elastically connected to the active sliding sleeve (6) via a deviation correction spring (9); a pressure sensor (17) is installed at one end of the deviation correction spring (9); The triple rollers formed by three rollers (2) support the conveyor belt (1) in a state where the middle is straight and the two ends are inclined outwards; for any one of the rollers (2) on the left and right sides of the triple rollers, the two roller brackets (3) connected to the roller (2) move horizontally under the drive of the deviation correction motor (13), the roller brackets (3) are slidably connected to the roller base (4), and the deviation correction motor (13) is fixed to the roller base (4).

2. A belt conveyor for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roller shaft (15) is elastically connected to the active sliding sleeve (6) via a deviation correction spring (9); a pressure sensor (17) is installed at one end of the deviation correction spring (9), and the structure includes: The outer wall of the roller shaft (15) is provided with a plurality of shaft grooves (16), and a correction spring (9) is placed in the shaft groove (16). One end of the correction spring (9) is fixed to the shaft groove (16), and the other end is fixed to the active sliding sleeve (6). A pressure sensor (17) is installed at the connection portion between the correction spring (9) and the shaft groove (16), and the pressure sensor (17) is used to measure the pressure of the correction spring (9).

3. A belt conveyor for coal mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active sliding sleeve (6) is rollingly connected to the fixed bearing (7), and the fixed bearing (7) is fixed on the roller (2), and the structure includes: The inner wall of the fixed bearing (7) is welded to the outer wall of the active sliding sleeve (6), the outer wall of the fixed bearing (7) is welded to the supporting roller (2), and a ball bearing is installed between the inner wall and the outer wall of the fixed bearing (7).

4. A belt conveyor for coal mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the passive sliding sleeve (5) and the active sliding sleeve (6) is greater than a preset distance threshold, wherein the preset distance threshold is greater than 0.

5. A belt conveyor for coal mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two roller supports (3) connected to the rollers (2) are driven by the deviation correction motor (13) to move horizontally, and the structure includes: For the roller shafts (15) inserted into the left and right ends of the roller (2), the two roller brackets (3) fixing the roller shafts (15) are recorded as the two roller brackets (3) connected to the roller (2); A deflection correction screw (14) having an external thread passes through the lower ends of the two roller supports (3), one end of the deflection correction screw (14) is fixed to the rotating shaft of the deflection correction motor (13), and when the deflection correction screw (14) passes through the roller supports (3), the through hole through which the deflection correction screw (14) passes has an internal thread that engages with the external thread, and when the deflection correction motor (13) rotates, the deflection correction screw (14) drives the two roller supports (3) to move horizontally.

6. A method for using a belt conveyor for a coal mine, using the belt conveyor for a coal mine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method comprises: The working process of the belt conveyor includes: when the conveyor belt (1) deviates, the roller (2) slides along the roller bracket (3), the fixed bearing (7) also drives the active sliding sleeve (6) to slide, and at the same time the deviation correction spring (9) is deformed, when the active sliding sleeve (6) squeezes the passive sliding sleeve (5), the sliding bearing (8) also slides, and the sliding bearing (8) pushes the friction pad (11) through the push rod (12) and contacts with the conveyor belt (1); The pressure when the friction pad (11) contacts the conveyor belt (1) is recorded as the starting threshold; During the working process, the offset direction and the resultant pressure of each roller (2) are obtained according to the pressure output by the pressure sensor (17); the offset direction a of the conveyor belt (1) is obtained according to the offset directions of all the rollers (2) in the triple roller system, and the opposite direction of the offset direction a is recorded as direction b; When the pressure resultant of the roller (2) is greater than a first preset threshold, the correcting motor (13) on the side of the offset direction a is started. When the correcting motor (13) on the side of the offset direction a is started, the roller bracket (3) and the roller (2) on the side of the offset direction a are driven to move in the direction b. The rotation speed of the correcting motor (13) on the side of the offset direction a is proportional to the rate of change of the pressure resultant of all rollers (2) within a time period T. The time period T is a time period from when the pressure resultant is greater than the first preset threshold to the current moment, wherein the first preset threshold is greater than or equal to the start threshold.

7. The method for using a belt conveyor for coal mine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method of obtaining the offset direction and the resultant pressure of each roller (2) according to the pressure output by the pressure sensor (17); and obtaining the offset direction a of the conveyor belt (1) according to the offset directions of all the rollers (2) in the triple roller system, comprises the following specific steps: The roller shafts (15) inserted into the roller (2) from the left and right sides are respectively denoted as the left shaft and the right shaft, the pressure sensor (17) installed on the left shaft is denoted as the left pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor (17) installed on the right shaft is denoted as the right pressure sensor. When the pressure output by the right pressure sensor is greater than or equal to the pressure output by the left pressure sensor, the resultant pressure force of the roller (2) is equal to the pressure output by the right pressure sensor, and the offset direction of the roller (2) is to the right; when the pressure output by the right pressure sensor is less than the pressure output by the left pressure sensor, the resultant pressure force of the roller (2) is equal to the pressure output by the left pressure sensor, and the offset direction of the roller (2) is to the left, and the offset direction is represented by a unit vector. The direction pointed by the average value of the offset directions of all rollers (2) in the triple roller system is used as the offset direction a of the conveyor belt (1).

8. The method for using a belt conveyor for coal mine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps for obtaining the rotation speed of the deviation correction motor (13) on one side of the deviation direction a are as follows: For any one of the three rollers (2), all the pressure resultants obtained by the roller (2) within a time period T are normalized, and the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the normalized pressure resultants is recorded as x1, and the ratio of x1 to the length of the time period T is recorded as the pressure resultant change rate of the roller (2); the average value of the pressure resultant change rates of all the rollers 2 in the three rollers is obtained and recorded as B1; The change rate of the resultant pressure force of the roller (2) on the side of the deviation direction a is recorded as A1; the rotation speed of the deviation correction motor (13) on the side of the deviation direction a is obtained based on A1 and the difference between A1 and B1.

9. The method for using a belt conveyor for coal mine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method of obtaining the rotation speed of the deviation correction motor (13) on one side of the deviation direction a according to A1 and the difference between A1 and B1 comprises the following specific steps: The speed adjustment range of the correction motor (13) on the side of the deviation direction a is recorded as C1: ; Indicates the difference between A1 and B1; The rotation speed of the deviation correction motor (13) on the side of the deviation direction a is obtained according to the rotation speed adjustment amplitude of the deviation correction motor (13) on the side of the deviation direction a.

10. The method for using a belt conveyor for coal mine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The method of obtaining the rotation speed of the deviation correction motor (13) on the side of the deviation direction a according to the rotation speed adjustment amplitude of the deviation correction motor (13) on the side of the deviation direction a comprises the following specific steps: The rotation speed V of the deviation correction motor (13) on the side of the deviation direction a=(1+C1)×VO; V0 represents a preset initial speed; C1 represents the rotation speed adjustment range of the deviation correction motor (13) on the side of the deviation direction a.

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