A belt conveyor for coal mines and its usage method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of coal mine transportation, and specifically to a belt conveyor for coal mines and a method for using the belt conveyor, comprising: when the conveyor belt of the conveyor deviates, a correction spring on a roller is deformed and corrects the roller, and at the same time, a friction pad on the roller contacts the conveyor belt, and when the pressure of the correction spring is greater than a first preset threshold value, a correction motor is started. After the correction motor is started, the roller drives the conveyor belt to move to its original position while the correction spring continues to deform and correct the roller, and at the same time, the friction pad further contacts the conveyor belt, thereby finally correcting the conveyor belt. The present invention avoids wear of the conveyor belt and rollers while correcting the conveyor belt, and further avoids the occurrence of deviation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of coal mine transportation, and in particular to a belt conveyor for coal mines and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Coal belt conveyors are commonly used in coal mining. Belt deviation is common during coal conveying. Causes of deviation include uneven material stacking on the conveyor belt, poor elasticity or tensile strength due to wear, severe wear of the idlers, or inconsistent roller installation angles. Existing equipment prevents and mitigates deviation by changing the idler tilt angles. For example, CN117163557A discloses a belt conveyor for coal production, and CN216510778U discloses idlers for a coal belt conveyor. However, changing the idler tilt angle in existing technologies can cause asymmetric idler angles on the left and right sides, or inconsistent idler angles between adjacent rows. This can make deviation difficult to adjust and even cause the conveyor belt to continue to deviate in the opposite direction. Furthermore, when adjusting for deviation, transverse friction (i.e., friction perpendicular to the direction of the belt's movement) between the conveyor belt and the idlers causes further wear on both the belt and the idlers, further increasing the risk of deviation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a belt conveyor for coal mines and a method of using the same.

[0004] One embodiment of the present invention provides a belt conveyor for coal mines, comprising: a conveyor belt, idlers, an idler bracket, and an idler base, wherein idler shafts fixed to the idler brackets are respectively inserted into the interior of the idlers from the left and right sides of the idlers, and the idlers and the inserted portions of the idler shafts are connected in a rolling connection and a sliding connection; one end of the idler shaft inserted into the interior of the idler is slidably connected to a passive sliding sleeve and an active sliding sleeve in sequence; wherein the active sliding sleeve is rollingly connected to a fixed bearing, and the fixed bearing is fixed to the idler; the passive sliding sleeve is rollingly connected to the sliding bearing, and both ends of a push rod are hingedly connected to the sliding bearing and a friction pad, wherein the friction pad is in a roller chute on the idler, and the friction pad is slidably connected in the roller chute; the surface of the friction pad is a raised elastic rough arc surface;

[0005] The roller shaft is elastically connected to the active sliding sleeve through a correction spring; a pressure sensor is installed at one end of the correction spring;

[0006] The triple rollers formed by every three rollers support the conveyor belt to a state where the middle is straight and the two ends are tilted outward; for any one of the rollers on the left and right sides of the triple rollers, the two roller brackets connected to the rollers move horizontally under the drive of the correction motor, the roller brackets are slidably connected to the roller base, and the correction motor is fixed on the roller base.

[0007] Preferably, the roller shaft is elastically connected to the active sliding sleeve via a correction spring; a pressure sensor is installed at one end of the correction spring, and the structure includes:

[0008] There are several shaft grooves on the outer wall of the roller shaft, and a correction spring is placed in the shaft groove. One end of the correction spring is fixed on the shaft groove, and the other end is fixed on the active sliding sleeve; a pressure sensor is installed at the connecting part of the correction spring and the shaft groove, and the pressure sensor is used to measure the pressure of the correction spring.

[0009] Preferably, the sliding sleeve is rollingly connected to the fixed bearing, and the fixed bearing is fixed on the roller, including the following structure:

[0010] The inner wall of the fixed bearing is welded to the outer wall of the active sliding sleeve, the outer wall of the fixed bearing is welded to the roller, and a ball is installed between the inner wall and the outer wall of the fixed bearing.

[0011] Preferably, the distance between the passive sliding sleeve and the active sliding sleeve is greater than a preset distance threshold, wherein the preset distance threshold is greater than 0.

[0012] Preferably, the two roller supports connected to the rollers move horizontally under the drive of the deviation correction motor, and the structure includes:

[0013] For the roller shafts inserted into the left and right ends of the roller, the two roller brackets fixing the roller shafts are recorded as the two roller brackets connected to the roller;

[0014] A correction screw with an external thread passes through the lower ends of the two roller brackets, and one end of the correction screw is fixed on the rotating shaft of the correction motor. At the same time, when the correction screw passes through the roller bracket, the through-hole through which the correction screw passes has an internal thread that engages with the external thread. When the correction motor rotates, the correction screw drives the two roller brackets to move horizontally.

[0015] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for using a belt conveyor for a coal mine, using the above-mentioned belt conveyor for a coal mine, the method comprising:

[0016] The working process of the belt conveyor includes: when the conveyor belt deviates, the roller slides along the roller bracket, the fixed bearing also drives the active sliding sleeve to slide, and at the same time the correction spring is deformed. When the active sliding sleeve squeezes the passive sliding sleeve, the sliding bearing also slides, and the sliding bearing pushes the friction pad through the push rod and contacts the conveyor belt;

[0017] The pressure at which the friction pad contacts the conveyor belt is recorded as the starting threshold;

[0018] During the working process, the offset direction and the resultant pressure of each roller are obtained according to the pressure output by the pressure sensor; the offset direction a of the conveyor belt is obtained according to the offset directions of all rollers in the triple roller system, and the opposite direction of the offset direction a is recorded as direction b;

[0019] When the pressure resultant of the roller is greater than the first preset threshold, the correcting motor on the side of the offset direction a is started. When the correcting motor on the side of the offset direction a is started, it drives the roller bracket and the roller on the side of the offset direction a to move in the direction b; the rotation speed of the correcting motor on the side of the offset direction a is proportional to the rate of change of the pressure resultant of all rollers in the time period T, and the time period T is the time period from when the pressure resultant is greater than the first preset threshold to the current moment, wherein the first preset threshold is greater than or equal to the start threshold.

[0020] Preferably, the method of obtaining the offset direction and the resultant pressure of each roller according to the pressure output by the pressure sensor; and obtaining the offset direction a of the conveyor belt according to the offset directions of all rollers in the triple roller system includes the following specific steps:

[0021] The roller shafts inserted into the rollers from the left and right sides are respectively recorded as the left shaft and the right shaft, the pressure sensor installed on the left shaft is recorded as the left pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor installed on the right shaft is recorded as the right pressure sensor. When the pressure output by the right pressure sensor is greater than or equal to the pressure output by the left pressure sensor, the pressure resultant force of the roller is equal to the pressure output by the right pressure sensor, and the offset direction of the roller is to the right; when the pressure output by the right pressure sensor is less than the pressure output by the left pressure sensor, the pressure resultant force of the roller is equal to the pressure output by the left pressure sensor, and the offset direction of the roller is to the left. The offset direction is represented by a unit vector.

[0022] The direction pointed by the average value of the offset directions of all rollers in the triple roller is used as the offset direction a of the conveyor belt.

[0023] Preferably, the specific steps for obtaining the rotation speed of the correction motor on the side of the offset direction a are as follows:

[0024] For any one of the three rollers, all the pressure resultants obtained by the roller within the time period T are normalized, and the difference between the maximum and minimum values of the normalized pressure resultant is recorded as x1. The ratio of x1 to the length of the time period T is recorded as the pressure resultant change rate of the roller; the average of the pressure resultant change rates of all rollers 2 in the three rollers is obtained and recorded as B1;

[0025] The change rate of the resultant pressure force of the roller on the side of the offset direction a is recorded as A1; the rotation speed of the correction motor on the side of the offset direction a is obtained according to A1 and the difference between A1 and B1.

[0026] Preferably, the method of obtaining the rotation speed of the correction motor on the side of the offset direction a according to A1 and the difference between A1 and B1 includes the following specific steps:

[0027] The speed adjustment range of the correction motor on the side of the offset direction a is recorded as C1: ;

[0028] Indicates the difference between A1 and B1;

[0029] The rotation speed of the correction motor on the side of the deviation direction a is obtained according to the rotation speed adjustment amplitude of the correction motor on the side of the deviation direction a.

[0030] Preferably, the speed adjustment amplitude of the correction motor on the side of the offset direction a is used to obtain the speed of the correction motor on the side of the offset direction a, and the specific steps include the following:

[0031] The rotation speed of the correction motor on the side of the offset direction a is V=(1+C1)×VO; V0 represents the preset initial speed; C1 represents the speed adjustment range of the correction motor on the side of the offset direction a.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are:

[0033] The belt conveyor of the present invention has at least the following structures and coordination: 1. Coordination between the active sliding sleeve and the sliding bearing (that is, the active sliding sleeve squeezes and pushes the sliding bearing); 2. Coordination between the passive sliding sleeve, the push rod and the friction pad (that is, the passive sliding sleeve pushes the friction pad outward when sliding); 3. Coordination between the correction spring, the roller shaft and the active sliding sleeve (that is, the active sliding sleeve compresses and stretches the correction spring when sliding, so that the roller tends to return to its original position); 4. Coordination between the correction motor, the roller, the correction spring, the friction pad, etc. (that is, the start-up of the correction motor causes the correction spring to be further compressed and the friction pad to be further pushed outward, while driving the roller and the conveyor belt to return to their original positions).

[0034] The above structure and coordination reduce friction between the conveyor belt and the rollers while also correcting the conveyor belt's deviation, ensuring safe belt conveyor operation. Compared to existing methods that correct deviation by changing the roller's tilt angle, the correction method of the present invention ensures that the roller's tilt angle remains constant, avoiding the risk of deviation caused by inconsistent tilt angles.

[0035] Furthermore, the present invention further avoids deviation by controlling the rotation of the deviation correction motor, which on the one hand enables the deviation correction process to be reasonably automatically controlled, and on the other hand avoids the problem of untimely deviation correction when there is serious deviation.

[0036] In summary, the present invention further avoids the risk of deviation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a belt conveyor for coal mines provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a roller base of a belt conveyor for coal mines provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a shaft groove of a belt conveyor for coal mines provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a first axial side cross-sectional view of a belt conveyor roller for coal mines provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 It is a second axial side cross-sectional view of a belt conveyor for coal mines provided by one embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] In the figure: 1. Conveyor belt; 2. Roller; 3. Roller bracket; 4. Roller base; 5. Passive sliding sleeve; 6. Active sliding sleeve; 7. Fixed bearing; 8. Sliding bearing; 9. Correction spring; 10. Roller chute; 11. Friction pad; 12. Push rod; 13. Correction motor; 14. Correction screw; 15. Roller shaft; 16. Shaft groove; 17. Pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] To further illustrate the technical means and effectiveness of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, describes in detail a coal mine belt conveyor and its method of use, including its specific implementation, structure, features, and effectiveness. In the following description, references to "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner.

[0045] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

[0046] The following describes in detail a coal mine belt conveyor and a method of use provided by the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0047] Example 1:

[0048] See also Figures 1 to 5 , which shows a belt conveyor for coal mines provided by the first embodiment of the present invention, comprising: a conveyor belt 1, rollers 2, roller supports 3, and roller bases 4;

[0049] The conveyor belt 1 is used to transport coal, the rollers 2 are located below the conveyor belt 1 and are used to lift the conveyor belt 1, the roller brackets 3 are used to mount the rollers 2, and the roller brackets 3 are mounted on the roller base 4. The conveyor belt 1, rollers 2, roller brackets 3, and roller base 4 are conventional structures of a belt conveyor, and the relationship and function between them will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0050] In this embodiment, every three rollers 2 form a group of triple rollers, and each group of triple rollers supports the conveyor belt 1 into a state in which the middle is straight and the two ends are inclined outward. Among them, the roller bracket and roller assembly disclosed in patent CN118164156A, and the belt conveyor for coal mines disclosed in patent CN219258670U, both disclose the structure of triple rollers, which will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the two ends of the roller 2 are respectively installed on the two roller supports 3 through the roller shaft 15. The specific installation method is: the two roller shafts 15 are respectively inserted into the roller 2 from the left and right sides of the roller 2 (ensure that the roller shaft 15 is aligned with the central axis of the roller 2 during insertion), and one end of the two roller shafts 15 is respectively welded and fixed to the upper end of the two roller supports 3. In this embodiment, the roller 2 and the inserted portion of the roller shaft 15 are connected in a sliding and rolling manner, that is, the roller 2 can roll around the roller shaft 15, and can also slide left and right on the roller shaft 15. Among them, for the inserted portion of the roller 2 and the roller shaft 15, the specific structure involved in the sliding connection and rolling connection of the inserted portion will be described later.

[0052] For the end of the roller shaft 15 that is inserted into the interior of the roller 2, for example, the roller shaft 15 that is inserted from the left side of the roller 2, the passive sliding sleeve 5 and the active sliding sleeve 6 are sequentially installed on the end of the roller shaft 15 inside the roller 2 (the passive sliding sleeve 5 is on the left side of the active sliding sleeve 6). The passive sliding sleeve 5 and the active sliding sleeve 6 are both slidably connected to the roller shaft 15, that is, the passive sliding sleeve 5 and the active sliding sleeve 6 can slide on the roller shaft 15;

[0053] In this embodiment, the passive sliding sleeve 5 and the active sliding sleeve 6 are not in direct contact, and there is a certain distance between them.

[0054] As an optional example, the specific structure of the sliding connection is: for any one of the passive sliding sleeve 5 and the active sliding sleeve 6, the inner wall of the sliding sleeve is in smooth contact with the surface of the roller shaft 15, for example, by applying lubricating oil to achieve smooth contact.

[0055] As a preferred example, the specific structure of the sliding connection is: balls are installed on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve, and then the balls directly contact the surface of the roller shaft 15, so that the sliding sleeve can slide on the roller shaft 15 (similar to the ball spline structure).

[0056] This embodiment does not limit the specific sliding connection method between the sliding sleeve and the roller shaft 15. Other sliding connection methods can be used in other embodiments.

[0057] Furthermore, the active sliding sleeve 6 is rollingly connected to the fixed bearing 7, and the fixed bearing 7 is fixedly connected to the roller 2. That is, when the roller 2 rolls, the fixed bearing 7 will also roll synchronously, but the active sliding sleeve 6 will not actively follow the fixed bearing 7 to roll.

[0058] As an example, the rolling connection method is: the inner wall of the fixed bearing 7 is welded to the outer wall of the active sliding sleeve 6, the outer wall of the fixed bearing 7 is welded to the roller 2, and balls are installed between the inner wall and the outer wall of the fixed bearing 7 (that is, the fixed bearing 7 is a ball bearing).

[0059] In summary, the active sliding sleeve 6 can slide on the roller shaft 15, and the roller 2 can roll relative to the active sliding sleeve 6. That is, the part of the roller shaft 15 inserted into the roller 2 is connected to the roller 2 in a rolling and sliding manner.

[0060] Similarly, for the insertion part of the roller 2 and the roller shaft 15, the sliding connection and rolling connection methods of the insertion part are the same as above: that is, a sliding sleeve is now installed on the insertion part, and then the sliding sleeve is rollingly connected to the roller 2 through a ball bearing.

[0061] The above structure enables the rollers 2 to roll and slide on the roller shafts 15. This is done to take into account the inevitable deviation of the conveyor belt 1 when transporting coal (e.g., deviation caused by uneven distribution of coal on the conveyor belt 1 and wear of the conveyor belt 1). Generally, when the deviation is not serious, that is, when the conveyor belt 1 swings slightly left and right, it will not significantly interfere with the coal transportation process. In this embodiment, the rollers 2 can move left and right along the roller shafts 15 while rolling. That is, when the conveyor belt 1 swings slightly left and right, it will also cause the rollers 2 to slide left and right. This reduces the relative motion between the conveyor belt 1 and the rollers 2 (i.e., relative motion perpendicular to the direction of coal conveying by the conveyor belt 1), avoids friction between the conveyor belt 1 and the rollers 2 when the conveyor belt 1 swings left and right, further avoids wear of the conveyor belt 1 (and also avoids wear of the rollers 2). Ultimately, it can ensure that a small deviation of the conveyor belt 1 will not become a large deviation due to excessive friction, or reduce the possibility of the conveyor belt 1 running significantly.

[0062] Furthermore, the passive sliding sleeve 5 is rollingly connected to the sliding bearing 8, and the connection method is: the inner wall of the sliding bearing 8 and the outer wall of the passive sliding sleeve 5 are welded together, and balls are installed between the inner wall and the outer wall of the sliding bearing 8 (that is, the sliding bearing 8 is also a ball bearing).

[0063] A plurality of push rods 12 are hingedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding bearing 8 (for example, eight push rods 12 are hingedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding bearing 8 at equal intervals along the circumference). The other end of each push rod 12 is hingedly connected to the friction pad 11. At the same time, a plurality of roller chutes 10 are milled out of the surface of the roller 2 with a milling cutter (the number of roller chutes 10 is equal to the number of push rods 12). Each friction pad 11 is placed in each roller chute 10, and the friction pad 11 and the roller chute 10 are slidably connected, that is, the friction pad 11 can slide in the roller chute 10, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown.

[0064] Further, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, a plurality of shaft grooves 16 are engraved on the outer wall of the roller shaft 15 (for example, eight shaft grooves 16 are distributed symmetrically along the center), and a correction spring 9 is placed in the shaft groove 16. One end of the correction spring 9 is fixed to the shaft groove 16, and the other end is fixed to the active sliding sleeve 6. For example, with respect to the shaft groove 16 on the roller shaft 15 inserted into the roller 2 from the left, the left end of the correction spring 9 is fixed to the left side of the shaft groove 16, and the right end is fixed to the active sliding sleeve 6. It should be noted that the active sliding sleeve 6 has a raised structure on its inner wall, which is inserted into the shaft groove 16. The right end of the correction spring 9 is welded to the raised structure, thereby fixing the right end of the correction spring 9 to the active sliding sleeve 6.

[0065] When the roller 2 is not subjected to external force (ie, not subjected to friction) and remains in a stationary state, all the deviation-correcting springs 9 have the same length and are in an undeformed state.

[0066] The above description is: for the end of the roller shaft 15 inserted from the left side of the roller 2 and inside the roller 2, this end has a structure. For the end of the roller shaft 15 inserted from the right side of the roller 2 and inside the roller 2, this end has a mirror-symmetrical structure with the end inserted from the left side, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0067] For any roller 2, the purpose of the sliding bearing 8, push rod 12, correction spring 9 and friction pad 11 in the above roller 2 is:

[0068] When the conveyor belt 1 deviates, assuming it deviates to the right, as mentioned above, during the deviation process, the roller 2 will move to the right with the conveyor belt 1 (moving to the right under the action of static friction), reducing the sliding friction between the roller 2 and the conveyor belt 1; however, when the deviation is serious, that is, when the conveyor belt 1 deviates to the right by a large margin, the roller 2 will continue to deviate to the right with the conveyor belt 1, and at the same time, the correcting spring 9 on the right roller shaft 15 is greatly compressed, and the correcting spring 9 on the left roller shaft 15 is compressed. When the conveyor belt 1 is greatly stretched, the correcting springs 9 on the left and right roller shafts 15 simultaneously apply a leftward force to the roller 2 (it should be noted that the roller 2 is slidably connected to the roller shaft 15). Therefore, when the roller 2 moves greatly to the right with the conveyor belt 1, under the action of the correcting spring 9, the roller 2 has a tendency to move to the left. At the same time, the conveyor belt 1 in contact with the roller 2 also has a tendency to move to the left. This tendency will correct the deviated conveyor belt 1 to its original position. This tendency is called the correcting effect of the correcting spring 9.

[0069] The following situation may occur in the above description: although the correction spring 9 has a correction effect when the conveyor belt 1 deviates significantly to the right, the static friction between the conveyor belt 1 and the roller 2 may be small. At this time, even if the roller 2 has a tendency to return to its original position under the correction effect of the correction spring 9, the conveyor belt 1 will continue to slide to the right, which will cause friction between the conveyor belt 1 and the roller 2 and the deviation will continue to become more serious.

[0070] The principle involved in avoiding the above situation in this embodiment is: after the roller 2 deviates to the right by a certain amplitude along with the conveyor belt 1 (this deflection process is also accompanied by the active sliding sleeve 6 moving to the right), the active sliding sleeve 6 contacts the passive sliding sleeve 5 and squeezes (or pushes) the passive sliding sleeve 5 to slide to the right. At the same time, the sliding bearing 8 also slides to the right. During the sliding process, the sliding bearing 8 pushes the friction pad 11 outward through the push rod 12 and contacts the conveyor belt 1, thereby increasing the friction between the conveyor belt 1 and the roller 2; in this embodiment, the friction pad 11 is The friction pad 11 is made of elastic material, such as rubber, and the surface of the friction pad 11 is a rough arc surface that is convex upward. When the roller 2 deviates to the right with the conveyor belt 1, the contact area between the friction pad 11 and the roller 2 becomes larger, and the conveyor belt 1 becomes more difficult to slide to the right relative to the roller 2. At the same time, the farther it deviates to the right, the more obvious the correcting effect of the correcting spring 9 is (that is, the greater the force exerted by the correcting spring 9), and the more difficult it is for the conveyor belt 1 to slide to the right relative to the roller 2. In addition, the correcting effect of the roller 2 under the correcting spring 9 slows down the deviation of the conveyor belt 1 or even restores it to its original position.

[0071] It should be further explained that, because the passive sliding sleeve 5 and the active sliding sleeve 6 do not directly contact each other, a certain distance is maintained between them (for example, 0.13 times the length of the idler 2). Therefore, when the conveyor belt 1 swings slightly left and right, the passive sliding sleeve 5 and the active sliding sleeve 6 do not contact each other, and consequently, the friction pad 11 is not pushed out and does not come into contact with the conveyor belt 1. Therefore, when the conveyor belt 1 swings slightly left and right, there is neither significant relative motion nor significant friction loss between the idler 2 and the conveyor belt 1, and thus, the conveyor belt 1 does not suffer significant wear during the slight swing. In other embodiments, the distance between the passive sliding sleeve 5 and the active sliding sleeve 6 can be set to another value greater than 0, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0072] Furthermore, although the above-mentioned deviation is effectively alleviated, the force applied by the correction spring 9 (that is, the pressure or tension applied indirectly by the correction spring 9 to the roller 2 through the active sliding sleeve 6) may not be large enough, making it difficult to restore the conveyor belt 1 and the roller 2 to their original positions, or even the deviation is only partially alleviated, and there is still deviation to the right.

[0073] Although the above problem can be solved by increasing the elastic coefficient of the correction spring 9, if the conveyor belt 1 does not deviate seriously (that is, the conveyor belt 1 swings slightly left and right), the elastic coefficient of the correction spring 9 is too large, resulting in the roller 2 being unable to swing left and right with the conveyor belt 1. Instead, the conveyor belt 1 rubs left and right on the roller 2, causing serious wear on the conveyor belt 1 and the roller 2. Therefore, increasing the elastic coefficient of the correction spring 9 is not the best solution.

[0074] This embodiment further alleviates the deviation of the conveyor belt 1 and restores the conveyor belt 1 to its original position through the following structure.

[0075] For any one of the rollers 2 on the left and right sides of the triple rollers, the roller 2 is installed between two roller supports 3, and the specific installation method has been described above.

[0076] like Figure 2 As shown, a correcting screw rod 14 with an external thread passes through the lower ends of the two roller supports 3, and one end of the correcting screw rod 14 is fixed to the rotating shaft of the correcting motor 13. At the same time, when the correcting screw rod 14 passes through the roller supports 3, the through-hole through which the correcting screw rod 14 passes has an internal thread that engages with the external thread. When the correcting motor 13 rotates, the correcting screw rod 14 drives the two roller supports 3 to move horizontally. When moving horizontally, the rollers 2 (and the roller shafts 15) installed on the two roller supports 3 also move horizontally.

[0077] The roller bracket 3 and the roller base 4 are connected in a sliding manner, that is, the roller bracket 3 can slide on the roller base 4. One sliding connection method is to embed some balls in the contact portion between the roller bracket 3 and the roller base 4 (that is, the lower end of the roller bracket 3); another sliding connection method is to install a pulley at the lower end of the roller bracket 3, and the pulley is in contact with the roller base 4.

[0078] In addition, the correction motor 13 is fixed on the roller base 4. When the correction motor 13 is not started, the roller bracket 3 will not slide on the roller base 4; when the correction motor 13 is started, the roller bracket 3 will slide on the roller base 4.

[0079] The above-mentioned correction screw rod 14 and correction motor 13 are respectively provided with two and are symmetrically distributed on the left and right. Figure 2 shown.

[0080] When the conveyor belt 1 deviates, assuming it deviates to the right, the cooperation of the friction pad 11 and the correcting spring 9 makes it difficult for the conveyor belt 1 to slide on the roller 2. At the same time, the roller 2 and the conveyor belt 1 tend to return to their original positions, and eventually alleviate the deviation of the conveyor belt 1 to a certain extent; further, the correcting motor 13 on the right is started, causing the two roller brackets 3 on the right to move horizontally to the left, and when the rightmost roller bracket 3 moves to the left, it directly drives the rightmost roller shaft 15 to move to the left. At this point, if the deviation of the conveyor belt 1 is not sufficiently alleviated, that is, the idler 2 and the conveyor belt 1 have a tendency to return to their original positions, but do not move toward their original positions, and even continue to deviate to the right, the idler shaft 15 that is shifting to the left and the idler 2 that is shifting to the right (or not moving toward its original position) will continue to squeeze the correcting spring 9 on the rightmost idler shaft 15. At the same time, the active sliding sleeve 6 will also squeeze and push the passive sliding sleeve 5 to the right. The sliding bearing 8 will further push the friction pad 11 outward through the push rod 12, making it more difficult for the conveyor belt 1 to slide on the idler 2. At the same time, the tendency of the idler 2 and the conveyor belt 1 to return to their original positions becomes more obvious, further alleviating or weakening the deviation of the conveyor belt 1. On this basis, the leftward shifted idler shaft 15 will also drive the idler 2 to move left. The deviation of the conveyor belt 1 or the tendency to deviate is alleviated or weakened, and the leftward shift of the idler 2 causes the conveyor belt 1 and the idler 2 to return to their original positions.

[0081] The original position described in this embodiment is the position when no deviation occurs.

[0082] In summary, the belt conveyor of this embodiment has at least the following structures and coordination: 1. Coordination between the active sliding sleeve 6 and the sliding bearing 8 (that is, the active sliding sleeve 6 squeezes and pushes the sliding bearing 8); 2. Coordination between the passive sliding sleeve 5, the push rod 12 and the friction pad 11 (that is, the passive sliding sleeve 5 pushes the friction pad 11 outward when sliding); 3. Coordination between the correction spring 9, the roller shaft 15 and the active sliding sleeve 6 (that is, the active sliding sleeve 6 compresses and stretches the correction spring 9 when sliding, so that the roller 2 tends to return to its original position); 4. Coordination between the correction motor 13, the roller 2, the correction spring 9, the friction pad 11, etc. (that is, the start-up of the correction motor 13 causes the correction spring 9 to be further compressed and the friction pad 11 to be further pushed outward, while driving the roller 2 and the conveyor belt 1 to return to their original positions).

[0083] Through the above-mentioned structure and coordination, the friction between the conveyor belt 1 and the roller 2 is reduced while the conveyor belt 1 is corrected, ensuring the safe operation of the belt conveyor. Compared with the existing method of correcting the deviation by changing the inclination angle of the roller 2, the correction method of this embodiment can ensure that the inclination angle of the roller 2 is always constant, avoiding the risk of deviation caused by inconsistent inclination angles.

[0084] Example 2:

[0085] In the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the structure of the belt conveyor for coal mines is described. Its working process includes: when the conveyor belt 1 deviates, the roller 2 in contact with the conveyor belt 1 slides along the roller shaft 15, and the fixed bearing 7 also drives the active sliding sleeve 6 to slide. At the same time, the correction spring 9 is deformed. When the active sliding sleeve 6 contacts and squeezes the passive sliding sleeve 5, the sliding bearing 8 slides, and the sliding bearing 8 pushes the friction pad 11 outward through the push rod 12 and contacts the conveyor belt 1.

[0086] Based on the above working process, this embodiment provides a specific use and control method of the belt conveyor, which specifically includes:

[0087] Step S001 : Obtain the deviation direction a of the conveyor belt 1 according to the pressure of the deviation-correcting spring 9 .

[0088] First, a pressure sensor 17 is installed at the connection part between the correction spring 9 and the shaft groove 16. The pressure sensor 17 in this embodiment uses a piezoelectric pressure sensor. Considering that each roller shaft 15 has multiple shaft grooves 16, a shaft groove 16 is randomly selected on each roller shaft 15, and the pressure sensor 17 is installed at the connection part between the correction spring 9 and the shaft groove 16. Therefore, there are two pressure sensors 17 on the left and right parts of each roller 2. The data output by the pressure sensor 17 represents the pressure when the correction spring 9 is deformed.

[0089] During the operation of the belt conveyor, the pressure output by each pressure sensor 17 is collected in real time.

[0090] It should be noted that the deformation generated by the correction spring 9 includes compression deformation and tensile deformation, and the force generated includes pressure and tension. The pressure sensor 17 in this embodiment only detects pressure. When tension is generated, the data output by the pressure sensor 17 is set to 0.

[0091] For the two pressure sensors 17 on the left and right parts of any roller 2, when the pressure output by the right pressure sensor 17 is greater than or equal to the pressure output by the left pressure sensor 17, the resultant pressure force of the roller 2 is equal to the pressure output by the right pressure sensor 17, and the offset direction of the roller 2 is to the right; when the pressure output by the right pressure sensor 17 is less than the pressure output by the left pressure sensor 17, the resultant pressure force of the roller 2 is equal to the pressure output by the left pressure sensor 17, and the offset direction of the roller 2 is to the left.

[0092] At this point, during the operation of the belt conveyor, the pressure resultant and offset direction of each roller 2 are obtained in real time. In this embodiment, the offset direction of the roller 2 is represented by a unit vector, and the direction pointed by the average value of the offset directions of all rollers 2 in the triple roller system is used as the offset direction a of the conveyor belt 1.

[0093] So far, during the operation of the belt conveyor, the offset direction a of the conveyor belt 1 on each set of triple rollers is obtained in real time.

[0094] Step S002 : controlling the rotation of the deviation correction motor 13 according to the deviation direction a of the conveyor belt 1 .

[0095] For the friction pad 11 on any roller 2, in this embodiment, the pressure when the friction pad 11 contacts the conveyor belt 1 is recorded as the starting threshold;

[0096] The activation threshold is obtained as follows: Before the belt conveyor is put into operation, any idler 2 on the belt conveyor is manually pushed, causing the correcting spring 9 to deform. Simultaneously, when the active sliding sleeve 6 contacts and compresses the passive sliding sleeve 5, the sliding bearing 8 slides. The sliding bearing 8 pushes the friction pad 11 outward via the push rod 12. When the friction pad 11 contacts the conveyor belt 1, the pressure generated by the correcting spring 9 is manually recorded. A pressure is recorded for all idlers 2 on the belt conveyor, and the average of all pressures is recorded as the activation threshold.

[0097] Another method for obtaining the start threshold value is to randomly select a number (for example, 5) of rollers 2 to perform the above operation, thereby obtaining the start threshold value.

[0098] The starting threshold in this embodiment is obtained through manual testing before the belt conveyor is put into use.

[0099] During the operation of the belt conveyor, for any one of the three rollers 2, when the resultant pressure force of the roller 2 is less than the starting threshold, it means that the deviation of the conveyor belt 1 is small, or the deviation trend can be eliminated by the correcting effect of the correcting spring 9 alone; when the resultant pressure force of the roller 2 is greater than or equal to the starting threshold, it means that the deviation of the conveyor belt 1 is large, or the deviation trend is difficult to eliminate by the correcting effect of the correcting spring 9 alone.

[0100] During the working process, if the combined pressure of all the rollers 2 in the triple roller system is not greater than the first preset threshold value th1, the deviation correction motors 13 on the left and right sides of the lower middle portion of the triple roller system will not be started.

[0101] If there is one roller 2 in the triple roller system, and the resultant pressure force of the roller 2 is greater than the first preset threshold value th1, the deviation correction motor 13 on the side of the deviation direction a in the triple roller system is started.

[0102] In this embodiment, th1 is greater than or equal to the start threshold. In this embodiment, th1 is equal to 1.2 times of the start threshold for description. In other embodiments, th1 can be set to other values, for example, th1 is equal to the start threshold.

[0103] The side opposite to the offset direction a is recorded as direction b. When the deviation correction motor 13 on the side of the offset direction a is started, it drives the roller bracket 3 and the roller 2 on the side of the offset direction a to move in direction b.

[0104] The correcting motor 13 on the side of the offset direction a drives the roller 2 on the side of the offset direction a to move in the direction b when started. The purpose is: for the roller 2 on the side of the offset direction a and the middle roller 2, the correcting springs 9 on the two rollers 2 (the correcting springs 9 on the roller 2 on the side of the offset direction a) are further compressed, and the friction pad 11 is further pushed outward, thereby driving the roller 2 on the side of the offset direction a and the conveyor belt 1 to return to their original positions.

[0105] The rotation speed of the correction motor 13 on the side of the deviation direction a is proportional to the pressure variable in the time period T, and the time period T is the time period from when the pressure is greater than the first preset threshold to the current moment.

[0106] As an example, the method for obtaining the rotation speed of the correction motor 13 on the side of the offset direction a is:

[0107] For any roller 2 in the triple roller system, all the pressure resultants obtained by the roller 2 within time period T are normalized. In this embodiment, the softmax function is used for normalization to remove dimension. The difference between the maximum and minimum values of the normalized pressure resultant is recorded as x1, and the ratio of x1 to the length of time period T is recorded as the pressure resultant change rate of the roller 2. The average of the pressure resultant change rates of all rollers 2 in the triple roller system is recorded as B1.

[0108] In this embodiment, the change rate of the resultant pressure force of the roller 2 on the side of the offset direction a is recorded as A1. The speed adjustment range of the correction motor 13 on the side of the offset direction a is recorded as C1:

[0109]

[0110] in The larger the value, the faster the pressure (i.e., the resultant pressure) on the roller 2 on the side of the deviation direction a changes, which means that the deviation of the conveyor belt 1 in a short time is more serious (i.e., the larger the deviation amplitude in a short time). Therefore, the deviation correction motor 13 on the side of the deviation direction a needs to respond quickly (i.e., quickly drive the roller 2 on the side of the deviation direction a to move in direction b, at this time, The larger the displacement direction a is, the friction pad 11 on the roller 2 on the side of the displacement direction a quickly contacts the conveyor belt 1 over a large area, preventing the conveyor belt 1 from continuing to deflect. The smaller the value, the less serious the deviation of the conveyor belt 1 is. It is not necessary to quickly respond to the deviation correction motor 13 on the deviation direction a side to avoid the wear problem caused by the rapid contact between the friction pad 11 and the conveyor belt 1 (at this time, the smaller).

[0111] It describes the relative pressure (i.e., relative difference) exerted on the roller 2 on the side of the offset direction a relative to all the rollers 2. The larger the value, the smaller the pressure change on the other rollers 2 when the conveyor belt 1 deviates (i.e., the correction springs 9 in the other rollers 2 do not deform quickly), indicating that the correction springs 9 in the other rollers 2 have weak correction capabilities for the conveyor belt 1. Therefore, the correction motor 13 on the side of the offset direction a also needs to respond quickly (i.e., The larger the value). The smaller it is, the faster the deviation of the conveyor belt 1 will be. The smaller it is, the faster the deviation of the other rollers 2 will be. The deviation of the conveyor belt 1 will be faster. The deviation of the other rollers 2 will be faster. The deviation of the conveyor belt 1 will be faster. the smaller).

[0112] In other embodiments, , where w is a preset parameter, for example w = 0.5. This calculation method ignores the correction effect of the correction spring 9 in the other rollers 2.

[0113] The speed of the correction motor 13 on the side of the offset direction a is V=(1+C1)×VO. V0 represents the preset initial speed, and V0 needs to be set according to the specific scenario. This embodiment provides a method for setting V0, setting a V0 so that the roller bracket 3 on the side of the offset direction a moves 0.8 cm per second. The specific size of V0 is determined by the model of the correction motor 13 and the correction screw 14, and is not limited in this embodiment.

[0114] The above steps S001 and S002 perform a deviation correction process of the conveyor belt 1.

[0115] It should be noted that, for the above-mentioned correction process, when the correction motor 13 is started, when the pressure resultant of all the rollers 2 in the triple roller is not greater than the first preset threshold value th1, it means that the correction process has been completed. At this time, the correction motor 13 restores the position of the roller bracket 3. For example, the correction process is completed after the correction motor 13 rotates M circles. At this time, the correction motor 13 needs to rotate M circles in the reverse direction to restore the position of the roller bracket 3. It should be noted that the speed of the reverse rotation of the correction motor 13 during the restoration process needs to be set to a smaller value, such as 0.1 times V0, to avoid excessive speed causing the conveyor belt 1 to be unstable and deviate again.

[0116] If the following situation occurs again during the restoration process: if there is a roller 2 in the triple roller system and the pressure resultant of the roller 2 is greater than the first preset threshold value th1, the deviation correction is performed again according to the above process.

[0117] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A belt conveyor for coal mines, comprising: A conveyor belt (1), a roller (2), a roller support (3), and a roller base (4), characterized in that a roller shaft (15) fixed to the roller support (3) is inserted into the interior of the roller (2) from the left and right sides of the roller (2), and the roller (2) and the inserted portion of the roller shaft (15) are connected in a rolling connection and a sliding connection; one end of the roller shaft (15) inserted into the interior of the roller (2) is slidably connected to the passive sliding sleeve (5) and the active sliding sleeve (6) in sequence; wherein the active sliding sleeve (6) and the passive sliding sleeve (5) are connected to the active sliding sleeve (6) in a rolling connection; wherein the active sliding sleeve (6) and the passive sliding sleeve (5) are connected to the active sliding sleeve (6) in a rolling connection; wherein the active sliding sleeve (6) and the active sliding sleeve (6) are connected to the passive sliding sleeve (5) and the active sliding sleeve (6) in a sliding connection; wherein the active sliding sleeve (6) and the active sliding sleeve (6) are connected to the active sliding sleeve (6) in a rolling connection; wherein the active sliding sleeve (6) and the active sliding sleeve (6) are connected to the passive sliding sleeve (5) and the active sliding sleeve (6) in a rolling connection; wherein the active sliding sleeve (6) and the active sliding sleeve (6) are connected to ... The movable sliding sleeve (6) is rollingly connected to the fixed bearing (7), and the fixed bearing (7) is fixed to the roller (2); the passive sliding sleeve (5) is rollingly connected to the sliding bearing (8), and the two ends of the push rod (12) are respectively hinged to the sliding bearing (8) and the friction pad (11), wherein the friction pad (11) is located in the roller chute (10) on the roller (2), and the friction pad (11) is slidingly connected in the roller chute (10); the surface of the friction pad (11) is a convex elastic rough arc surface; The roller shaft (15) is elastically connected to the active sliding sleeve (6) via a correction spring (9); a pressure sensor (17) is installed at one end of the correction spring (9); The triple rollers formed by each of the three rollers (2) support the conveyor belt (1) in a state in which the middle is straight and the two ends are tilted outwards; for any one of the rollers (2) on the left and right sides of the triple rollers, the two roller brackets (3) connected to the roller (2) move horizontally under the drive of the deviation correction motor (13), the roller brackets (3) are slidably connected to the roller base (4), and the deviation correction motor (13) is fixed to the roller base (4).

2. A belt conveyor for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roller shaft (15) is elastically connected to the active sliding sleeve (6) via a correction spring (9); a pressure sensor (17) is installed at one end of the correction spring (9), which includes the following structure: The outer wall of the roller shaft (15) is provided with a plurality of shaft grooves (16), and a correction spring (9) is placed in the shaft groove (16). One end of the correction spring (9) is fixed to the shaft groove (16), and the other end is fixed to the active sliding sleeve (6); a pressure sensor (17) is installed at the connection portion between the correction spring (9) and the shaft groove (16), and the pressure sensor (17) is used to measure the pressure of the correction spring (9).

3. A belt conveyor for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active sliding sleeve (6) is rollingly connected to the fixed bearing (7), and the fixed bearing (7) is fixed on the roller (2), and the structure includes: The inner wall of the fixed bearing (7) is welded to the outer wall of the active sliding sleeve (6), the outer wall of the fixed bearing (7) is welded to the roller (2), and a ball bearing is installed between the inner wall and the outer wall of the fixed bearing (7).

4. A belt conveyor for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the passive sliding sleeve (5) and the active sliding sleeve (6) is greater than a preset distance threshold, wherein the preset distance threshold is greater than 0.

5. The belt conveyor for coal mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two roller supports (3) connected to the roller (2) move horizontally under the drive of the deviation correction motor (13), and include the following structure: For the roller shafts (15) inserted into the left and right ends of the roller (2), the two roller brackets (3) fixing the roller shafts (15) are recorded as the two roller brackets (3) connected to the roller (2); A deflection correction screw (14) with an external thread passes through the lower ends of the two roller supports (3), and one end of the deflection correction screw (14) is fixed to the rotating shaft of the deflection correction motor (13). When the deflection correction screw (14) passes through the roller supports (3), the through hole through which the deflection correction screw (14) passes has an internal thread that engages with the external thread. When the deflection correction motor (13) rotates, the deflection correction screw (14) drives the two roller supports (3) to move horizontally.

6. A method for using a belt conveyor for coal mines, using the belt conveyor for coal mines according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method comprises: The working process of the belt conveyor includes: when the conveyor belt (1) deviates, the roller (2) slides along the roller bracket (3), the fixed bearing (7) also drives the active sliding sleeve (6) to slide, and at the same time the deviation correction spring (9) is deformed, and when the active sliding sleeve (6) squeezes the passive sliding sleeve (5), the sliding bearing (8) also slides, and the sliding bearing (8) pushes the friction pad (11) through the push rod (12) and contacts with the conveyor belt (1); The pressure when the friction pad (11) contacts the conveyor belt (1) is recorded as the starting threshold; During the operation, the offset direction and the resultant pressure of each roller (2) are obtained based on the pressure output by the pressure sensor (17); the offset direction a of the conveyor belt (1) is obtained based on the offset directions of all rollers (2) in the triple roller system, and the opposite direction of the offset direction a is recorded as direction b; When the pressure resultant of the roller (2) is greater than a first preset threshold, the correction motor (13) on the side of the offset direction a is started. When the correction motor (13) on the side of the offset direction a is started, the roller bracket (3) on the side of the offset direction a and the roller (2) are driven to move in the direction b; the rotation speed of the correction motor (13) on the side of the offset direction a is proportional to the rate of change of the pressure resultant of all rollers (2) in a time period T, and the time period T is a time period from when the pressure resultant is greater than the first preset threshold to the current moment, wherein the first preset threshold is greater than or equal to the start threshold.

7. The method for using a belt conveyor for coal mines according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method of obtaining the offset direction and the resultant pressure of each roller (2) according to the pressure output by the pressure sensor (17); obtaining the offset direction a of the conveyor belt (1) according to the offset directions of all rollers (2) in the triple roller system, includes the following specific steps: The roller shafts (15) inserted into the roller (2) from the left and right sides are respectively recorded as the left shaft and the right shaft, the pressure sensor (17) installed on the left shaft is recorded as the left pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor (17) installed on the right shaft is recorded as the right pressure sensor. When the pressure output by the right pressure sensor is greater than or equal to the pressure output by the left pressure sensor, the pressure resultant of the roller (2) is equal to the pressure output by the right pressure sensor, and the offset direction of the roller (2) is rightward; when the pressure output by the right pressure sensor is less than the pressure output by the left pressure sensor, the pressure resultant of the roller (2) is equal to the pressure output by the left pressure sensor, and the offset direction of the roller (2) is leftward, and the offset direction is represented by a unit vector. The direction pointed by the average value of the offset directions of all rollers (2) in the triple roller is used as the offset direction a of the conveyor belt (1).

8. The method for using a belt conveyor for coal mines according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps for obtaining the rotation speed of the correction motor (13) on the side of the offset direction a are as follows: For any one roller (2) in the triple roller system, all pressure resultants obtained by the roller (2) within a time period T are normalized, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the normalized pressure resultant is recorded as x1, and the ratio of x1 to the length of the time period T is recorded as the pressure resultant change rate of the roller (2); the average value of the pressure resultant change rates of all rollers 2 in the triple roller system is obtained and recorded as B1; The change rate of the resultant pressure force of the roller (2) on the side of the offset direction a is recorded as A1; the rotation speed of the correction motor (13) on the side of the offset direction a is obtained based on A1 and the difference between A1 and B1.

9. The method for using a belt conveyor for coal mines according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method of obtaining the rotation speed of the correction motor (13) on the side of the deviation direction a according to A1 and the difference between A1 and B1 includes the following specific steps: The speed adjustment range of the correction motor (13) on the side of the deviation direction a is recorded as C1: ; Indicates the difference between A1 and B1; The rotation speed of the deviation correction motor (13) on the side of the deviation direction a is obtained according to the rotation speed adjustment amplitude of the deviation correction motor (13) on the side of the deviation direction a.

10. The method for using a belt conveyor for coal mines according to claim 9, characterized in that: The speed adjustment amplitude of the correction motor (13) on the side of the deviation direction a is used to obtain the speed of the correction motor (13) on the side of the deviation direction a, and the specific steps include the following: The rotation speed V of the correction motor (13) on the side of the deviation direction a is (1+C1)×VO; V0 represents a preset initial speed; C1 represents the speed adjustment range of the correction motor (13) on the side of the deviation direction a.

Images