Solid hydrogen storage system and hydrogen desorption control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a solid hydrogen storage system and a hydrogen desorption control method thereof. The solid hydrogen storage system comprises a solid hydrogen storage tank, a heat exchange device, a pressure gauge, a temperature sensor and a controller. The hydrogen desorption control method comprises the steps that a high-temperature medium is supplied into the solid hydrogen storage tank, the temperature value reaches T1, and the hydrogen storage material releases hydrogen; detecting pressure information in the solid hydrogen storage tank, and judging whether the pressure is lower than a set pressure value or not; when the pressure is larger than or equal to the set pressure value, the temperature T1 is maintained, and hydrogen is continuously released; when the pressure in the solid hydrogen storage tank is smaller than a set pressure value, whether the hydrogen release amount obtained by the outlet flow valve reaches a set flow value or not is judged, and when the hydrogen release amount does not reach the set flow value, the heat exchange device is controlled to be heated, the temperature in the solid hydrogen storage tank is increased to T2, and hydrogen continues to be released till the hydrogen release amount reaches the set flow value; and hydrogen desorption is completed. The time for stopping heat supply can be well controlled, sufficient hydrogen desorption is ensured, and heat energy waste is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solid hydrogen storage, and specifically discloses a solid hydrogen storage system and a hydrogen release control method therefor. Background Art

[0002] When a solid hydrogen storage system releases hydrogen, it is necessary to heat the hydrogen storage material. After being heated, the hydrogen storage material will release the hydrogen adsorbed therein, and the released hydrogen is discharged from the hydrogen storage tank and supplied to the hydrogen-consuming equipment. The existing solid hydrogen storage systems cannot well control the timing of stopping heating the hydrogen storage material at the end of hydrogen release. If the heating of the hydrogen storage material is stopped too early, the hydrogen storage material cannot release hydrogen sufficiently; if the heating of the hydrogen storage material is not stopped in time, it will cause waste of thermal energy. To solve the above problems, the present application provides a solid hydrogen storage system and a hydrogen release control method therefor. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and provides a solid hydrogen storage system and a hydrogen release control method therefor.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: A solid hydrogen storage system includes:

[0005] A solid hydrogen storage tank, an inlet hydrogen filling pipe is connected to its inlet, and a hydrogen supply pipe is connected to its outlet; an inlet flow valve is provided on the hydrogen filling pipe, and an outlet flow valve is provided on the hydrogen supply pipe;

[0006] A heat exchange device, which is communicated with the solid hydrogen storage tank and is used to provide a heat exchange medium for the solid hydrogen storage tank;

[0007] A pressure gauge, which is arranged on the solid hydrogen storage tank and is used to detect the pressure information in the solid hydrogen storage tank;

[0008] A temperature sensor, which is arranged on the solid hydrogen storage tank and is used to detect the temperature information in the solid hydrogen storage tank;

[0009] A controller, which is electrically connected to the inlet flow valve, the outlet flow valve, the heat exchange device, the pressure gauge and the temperature sensor respectively.

[0010] The solid hydrogen storage system further includes an inert gas supply device, and the inert gas supply device is communicated with the solid hydrogen storage tank through an inert gas supply pipe; an inert gas supply pipe valve is provided on the inert gas supply pipe, and both the inert gas supply pipe valve and the inert gas supply device are electrically connected to the controller.

[0011] An exhaust pipe is connected to the hydrogen supply pipe, a hydrogen supply pipe valve is provided on the hydrogen supply pipe, an exhaust pipe valve is provided on the exhaust pipe, and both the hydrogen supply pipe valve and the exhaust pipe valve are electrically connected to the controller.

[0012] A hydrogen filling valve is provided on the hydrogen filling pipe, and the hydrogen filling valve is electrically connected to a controller.

[0013] The solid-state hydrogen storage tank includes a tank body, a hydrogen storage material disposed in the tank body, and a heat exchange pipe passing through the hydrogen storage material; the outlet of the heat exchange device is communicated with the inlet of the heat exchange pipe through a heat exchange medium supply pipe, and its inlet is communicated with the outlet of the heat exchange pipe through a heat exchange medium recovery pipe; a heat exchange medium supply pipe valve is provided on the heat exchange medium supply pipe, and the heat exchange medium supply pipe valve is electrically connected to the controller.

[0014] Based on the above hydrogen release control method for the solid-state hydrogen storage system, the method includes the following steps:

[0015] The controller controls the heat exchange device to supply a high-temperature medium into the solid-state hydrogen storage tank, so that the temperature value in the solid-state hydrogen storage tank reaches T1, the hydrogen storage material releases hydrogen, and the hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen-consuming equipment through a hydrogen supply pipe.

[0016] The pressure gauge obtains the pressure information in the solid-state hydrogen storage tank, and the controller judges whether the pressure in the solid-state hydrogen storage tank is lower than the set pressure value; when the pressure in the solid-state hydrogen storage tank is greater than or equal to the set pressure value, continue to maintain the temperature value of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank at T1 and continuously release hydrogen; when the pressure in the solid-state hydrogen storage tank is less than the set pressure value, judge whether the hydrogen release amount obtained by the outlet flow valve reaches the set flow value. When the hydrogen release amount does not reach the set flow value, control the heat exchange device to increase the temperature and raise the temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage tank to T2, and continue to release hydrogen until the hydrogen release amount reaches the set flow value; when the hydrogen release amount reaches the set flow value, control the heat exchange device to stop heating the solid-state hydrogen storage tank and complete the hydrogen release.

[0017] After the hydrogen release is completed when the hydrogen release amount reaches the set flow value, control the inert gas supply device to supply inert gas into the solid-state hydrogen storage tank.

[0018] The set flow value is 85-95% of the hydrogen filling amount collected by the inlet flow valve.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: The present invention combines the hydrogen filling amount, the hydrogen release amount, and the pressure information in the solid-state hydrogen storage tank to control the timing of the heat exchange device to stop heating, ensuring sufficient hydrogen release and avoiding waste of heat energy.

[0020] Some additional features of the present application can be described below. Through the inspection of the following description and the corresponding drawings, or the understanding of the production or operation of the embodiments, some additional features of the present application are obvious to those skilled in the art. The features disclosed in the present application can be realized and achieved through the practice or use of various methods, means, and combinations of the specific embodiments described below. Description of the Drawings

[0021] The accompanying drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and form a part of the present application. The schematic embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute a limitation to the present application. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same components. Among them,

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the solid-state hydrogen storage system of the present invention.

[0023] The reference numerals in the above-mentioned accompanying drawings are: 1 - solid-state hydrogen storage tank, 2 - hydrogen storage material, 3 - heat exchange tube, 4 - gas outlet, 5 - hydrogen supply pipe, 6 - exhaust pipe, 7 - hydrogen supply pipe valve, 8 - exhaust pipe valve, 9 - pressure gauge, 10 - inert gas supply device, 11 - heat exchange device, 12 - inert gas supply pipe, 13 - inert gas supply port, 14 - heat exchange medium supply pipe, 15 - heat exchange medium recovery pipe, 16 - hydrogen filling pipe valve, 17 - inert gas supply pipe valve, 18 - hydrogen filling pipe, 19 - heat exchange medium supply pipe valve, 20 - controller, 21 - inlet flow valve, 22 - outlet flow valve, 23 - air inlet, 24 - temperature sensor. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0025] It should be noted that if the terms "first", "second", etc. are involved in the description and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned accompanying drawings, they are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily need to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances for the embodiments of the present application described herein. In addition, if the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are involved, the intention is to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0026] In this application, if terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc. are involved, the orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe this application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit that the indicated devices, elements, or components must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0027] Moreover, in addition to being able to represent the orientation or positional relationship, some of the above terms may also be used to represent other meanings. For example, the term "upper" may also be used to represent a certain attachment relationship or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0028] In addition, in this application, if terms such as "install", "set", "provided with", "connect", "connected", "socketed", etc. are involved, they should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or there can be internal communication between two devices, elements, or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and the features in the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The following will detail this application with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0030] Embodiment

[0031] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment discloses a solid-state hydrogen storage system, which includes: a solid-state hydrogen storage tank 1, a heat exchange device 11, a pressure gauge 9, a temperature sensor 24, and a controller 20. Among them, the solid-state hydrogen storage tank 1 includes a tank body, a hydrogen storage material 2 arranged in the tank body, and a heat exchange tube 3 passing through the hydrogen storage material 2. An air inlet 23 and an air outlet 4 are respectively arranged at both ends of the tank body, and the outlet and the inlet of the heat exchange tube 3 both extend to the outside of the tank body. A hydrogen filling tube 18 is connected to the air inlet 23 of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank 1, and a hydrogen supply tube 5 is connected to the air outlet 4; an inlet flow valve 21 and a hydrogen filling tube valve 16 are arranged on the hydrogen filling tube 18, and an outlet flow valve 22 and a hydrogen supply tube valve 7 are arranged on the hydrogen supply tube 5.

[0032] The inlet flow valve 21 is used to detect the amount of hydrogen filled into the solid-state hydrogen storage tank 1, and the outlet flow valve 22 is used to detect the amount of hydrogen released from the hydrogen storage material.

[0033] The heat exchange device 11 is used to supply a heat exchange medium to the solid hydrogen storage tank 1. Its outlet is connected to the inlet of the heat exchange tube 3 through the heat exchange medium supply pipe 14, and its inlet is connected to the outlet of the heat exchange tube 3 through the heat exchange medium recovery pipe 15. A heat exchange medium supply pipe valve 19 is provided on the heat exchange medium supply pipe 14.

[0034] A pressure gauge 9 is provided on the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 for detecting the pressure information inside the solid hydrogen storage tank 1. A temperature sensor 24 is provided on the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 for detecting the temperature information inside the solid hydrogen storage tank 1.

[0035] The controller 20 serves as the control center of the system and is electrically connected to the inlet flow valve 21, the outlet flow valve 22, the heat exchange device 11, the pressure gauge 9, the temperature sensor 24, the heat exchange medium supply pipe valve 19, the hydrogen filling pipe valve 16, and the hydrogen supply pipe valve 7 respectively.

[0036] In addition, an inert gas supply port 13 is provided on the tank body. The solid hydrogen storage system further includes an inert gas supply device 10. The inert gas supply device 10 is connected to the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 through an inert gas supply pipe 12. An inert gas supply pipe valve 17 is provided on the inert gas supply pipe 12. Both the inert gas supply pipe valve 17 and the inert gas supply device 10 are electrically connected to the controller 20.

[0037] An exhaust pipe 6 is connected to the hydrogen supply pipe 5. An exhaust pipe valve 8 is provided on the exhaust pipe 6. The exhaust pipe valve 8 is electrically connected to the controller 20.

[0038] When the solid hydrogen storage system of this embodiment is filled with hydrogen, the controller 20 controls the inert gas supply pipe valve 17, the heat exchange medium supply pipe valve 19, the exhaust pipe valve 8, and the hydrogen supply pipe valve 7 to be closed, and opens the hydrogen filling pipe valve 16. The external hydrogen filling equipment fills hydrogen into the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 through the hydrogen filling pipe 18. The hydrogen storage material 2 adsorbs hydrogen. The inlet flow valve 21 detects the hydrogen filling amount information, and the temperature sensor 24 detects the temperature information inside the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 in real time. Both the hydrogen filling amount information and the temperature information are uploaded to the controller 20. Heat is generated during the hydrogen absorption process of the hydrogen storage material 2. When the temperature sensor 24 detects that the temperature inside the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 is higher than the set temperature, for example, when the hydrogen storage material 2 is LaNi5 metal hydride, the set temperature is 50 degrees, that is, when the temperature inside the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 is higher than 50 degrees, the controller 20 controls the heat exchange device 11 to start refrigeration and opens the heat exchange medium supply pipe valve 19 to supply low-temperature refrigerant into the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 to cool the hydrogen storage material 2. After the hydrogen filling is completed, the hydrogen filling pipe valve 16, the heat exchange medium supply pipe valve 19, and the heat exchange device 11 are closed.

[0039] During hydrogen release, the controller 20 opens the hydrogen supply pipe valve 7 and the heat exchange medium supply pipe valve 19, and controls the heat exchange device 11 to generate heat, supplying a high-temperature medium into the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 to make the temperature value in the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 reach T1, such as 50 degrees. The hydrogen storage material 2 releases hydrogen, and the hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen-consuming device through the hydrogen supply pipe 5.

[0040] The pressure gauge 9 obtains the pressure information in the solid hydrogen storage tank 1, and the controller 20 determines whether the pressure in the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 is lower than the set pressure value. The size of the set pressure value can be set according to the specific size of the solid hydrogen storage tank 1. When the pressure in the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 is greater than or equal to the set pressure value, it indicates that the hydrogen storage material is still releasing hydrogen normally. At this time, the temperature value of the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 is continued to be maintained at T1 for continuous hydrogen release. When the pressure in the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 is less than the set pressure value, it indicates that the hydrogen release efficiency of the hydrogen storage material becomes slower. At this time, the controller 20 determines whether the hydrogen release amount obtained by the outlet flow valve 22 reaches the set flow value. Considering factors such as hydrogen loss and the fact that the hydrogen storage material cannot release all the hydrogen, in this embodiment, the set flow value is 85-95% of the hydrogen charging amount collected by the inlet flow valve 21, such as 90%. If the hydrogen release amount does not reach the set flow value, it indicates that the hydrogen storage material still stores a large amount of hydrogen, but the hydrogen release efficiency has decreased. At this time, the controller 20 controls the heat exchange device 11 to increase the temperature, raising the temperature in the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 to T2, such as 80 degrees, to improve the hydrogen release efficiency. At this time, the hydrogen storage material continues to release hydrogen in an 80-degree temperature environment until the hydrogen release amount reaches the set flow value to complete hydrogen release. If the hydrogen release amount reaches the set flow value, it indicates that the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage material is basically released. At this time, the controller 20 controls the heat exchange device 11 to stop heating the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 to complete hydrogen release.

[0041] In addition, after the hydrogen release is completed when the hydrogen release amount reaches the set flow value, the controller controls the inert gas supply device 10 to start and opens the inert gas supply pipe valve 17 to supply inert gas into the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 to maintain the air pressure in the solid hydrogen storage tank 1, such as maintaining the air pressure in the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 at atmospheric pressure to prevent the hydrogen storage material from reversely absorbing hydrogen after cooling and causing a vacuum in the solid hydrogen storage tank 1.

[0042] When the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 is filled with inert gas, during hydrogen charging, the exhaust pipe valve 8 and the hydrogen charging pipe valve 16 need to be opened, and exhaust for 5 minutes first to discharge the inert gas through the exhaust pipe 6, and then close the exhaust pipe valve 8 to perform the hydrogen charging step.

[0043] The solid hydrogen storage system of this embodiment controls the timing of the heat exchange device to stop heating in combination with the hydrogen charging amount, hydrogen release amount, and the pressure information in the solid hydrogen storage tank during hydrogen release, ensuring full hydrogen release and avoiding waste of thermal energy.

[0044] It should be noted that all features disclosed in this specification, or steps in all methods or processes disclosed, can be combined in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps.

[0045] In addition, the above specific embodiments are exemplary. Those skilled in the art can come up with various solutions inspired by the disclosed content of the present invention, and these solutions also fall within the scope of the disclosure of the present invention and within the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the description of the present invention and its accompanying drawings are illustrative and do not constitute a limitation on the claims. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A solid-state hydrogen storage system, characterized in that: include: A solid-state hydrogen storage tank (1), wherein the air inlet (23) is connected to a hydrogen charging pipe (18), and the air outlet (4) is connected to a hydrogen supply pipe (5); the hydrogen charging pipe (18) is provided with an inlet flow valve (21), and the hydrogen supply pipe (5) is provided with an outlet flow valve (22); A heat exchange device (11) is connected to the solid hydrogen storage tank (1) and is used to provide a heat exchange medium to the solid hydrogen storage tank (1); A pressure gauge (9), arranged on the solid-state hydrogen storage tank (1), and used to detect pressure information in the solid-state hydrogen storage tank (1); A temperature sensor (24), arranged on the solid-state hydrogen storage tank (1), and used to detect temperature information in the solid-state hydrogen storage tank (1); The controller (20) is electrically connected to the inlet flow valve (21), the outlet flow valve (22), the heat exchange device (11), the pressure gauge (9) and the temperature sensor (24).

2. The solid-state hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises an inert gas supply device (10), wherein the inert gas supply device (10) is connected to the solid hydrogen storage tank (1) via an inert gas supply pipe (12); an inert gas supply pipe valve (17) is provided on the inert gas supply pipe (12), and the inert gas supply pipe valve (17) and the inert gas supply device (10) are both electrically connected to a controller (20).

3. The solid-state hydrogen storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydrogen supply pipe (5) is connected to an exhaust pipe (6), the hydrogen supply pipe (5) is provided with a hydrogen supply pipe valve (7), the exhaust pipe (6) is provided with an exhaust pipe valve (8), and the hydrogen supply pipe valve (7) and the exhaust pipe valve (8) are both electrically connected to a controller (20).

4. The solid-state hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen filling pipe (18) is provided with a hydrogen filling pipe valve (16), and the hydrogen filling pipe valve (16) is electrically connected to a controller (20).

5. The solid-state hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid-state hydrogen storage tank (1) comprises a tank body, a hydrogen storage material (2) arranged in the tank body, and a heat exchange tube (3) penetrating the hydrogen storage material (2); the outlet of the heat exchange device (11) is connected to the inlet of the heat exchange tube (3) through a heat exchange medium supply tube (14), and its inlet is connected to the outlet of the heat exchange tube (3) through a heat exchange medium recovery tube (15); a heat exchange medium supply tube valve (19) is arranged on the heat exchange medium supply tube (14), and the heat exchange medium supply tube valve (19) is electrically connected to a controller (20).

6. A hydrogen release control method based on the solid-state hydrogen storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The controller (20) controls the heat exchange device (11) to supply a high-temperature medium into the solid hydrogen storage tank (1), so that the temperature value in the solid hydrogen storage tank (1) reaches T1, the hydrogen storage material (2) releases hydrogen, and the hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen-using equipment through the hydrogen supply pipe (5); The pressure gauge (9) obtains the pressure information in the solid-state hydrogen storage tank (1), and the controller (20) determines whether the pressure in the solid-state hydrogen storage tank (1) is lower than the set pressure value; when the pressure in the solid-state hydrogen storage tank (1) is greater than or equal to the set pressure value, the temperature value of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank (1) is maintained at T1, and hydrogen is continuously released; when the pressure in the solid-state hydrogen storage tank (1) is less than the set pressure value, it is determined whether the hydrogen release amount obtained by the outlet flow valve (22) reaches the set flow value; when the hydrogen release amount does not reach the set flow value, the heat exchange device (11) is controlled to increase the temperature, and the temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage tank (1) is increased to T2, and hydrogen is continuously released until the hydrogen release amount reaches the set flow value; when the hydrogen release amount reaches the set flow value, the heat exchange device (11) is controlled to stop heating the solid-state hydrogen storage tank (1), and hydrogen release is completed.

7. The hydrogen release control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the amount of hydrogen released reaches a set flow value and the hydrogen release is completed, the inert gas supply device (10) is controlled to supply inert gas into the solid hydrogen storage tank (1).

8. The hydrogen release control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The set flow value is 85-95% of the hydrogen charge collected by the inlet flow valve (21).

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