Multi-state rapid adjusting switch, control method, system, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-state fast adjusting switch, a control method, a control system, equipment and a medium. The multi-state fast adjusting switch comprises at least four static contacts arranged in an annular array, two moving contact mechanisms sliding independently and a control device connected with the two moving contact mechanisms. Each moving contact mechanism comprises at least two moving contact sliding units which are independently connected and disconnected; the number of the moving contact sliding units in each moving contact mechanism is determined according to the number of the static contacts and a set rule; through the matching of the number of the static contacts and the number of the moving contact sliding units, the independent movement characteristic of the moving contact mechanism and the characteristic that all the static contacts are arranged in an annular array, the moving contact mechanism can be in contact with the static contact of any potential in one-step action, and the static contacts of multiple potentials are combined and connected in pairs, so that the stability of the moving contact mechanism is improved. According to the utility model, cooperation among a plurality of input ends is realized, and at least 13 voltage regulation gears are formed, so that one-step switching between variable step voltage regulation and any voltage regulation gear is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of electrical switches, and in particular relates to a multi-state fast-adjusting switch, a control method, a system, a device and a medium. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, a large number of new energy generation and new loads (industrial loads, railway traction loads, charging loads, etc.) with random, intermittent and volatile power have been connected to the power grid, resulting in rapid fluctuations in grid line voltage, affecting the stability of the power system, the reliability of power equipment and the safety of power users; in addition, some scenarios require flexible and fast supply voltage adjustment to meet production process requirements. The above problems and requirements have brought many new challenges to the flexible and fast adjustment of supply voltage.

[0003] Supply voltage regulation is usually achieved by transformer voltage regulation, reactive power compensation and other technical means. Transformer voltage regulation technology can achieve voltage adjustment without power outages by combining multiple taps of the winding with fast adjustment switches, series-parallel power electronic converters and other methods. Compared with the latter, the former is widely used in power grids, railways, industry and commerce and other industries because of its simplicity, reliability and low maintenance in combination with fast adjustment switches. However, the existing fast adjustment switches (including mechanical types, mechanical and electronic hybrid types, etc.) have slow adjustment speeds and cannot achieve flexible and free switching between gears. For example, it is impossible to switch between any gears in one step, resulting in restrictions on response speed, voltage adjustment step length and number of adjustment gears. It is difficult to adapt to the future needs of various power supply and consumption scenarios for fast on-load voltage regulation of transformers or the development of new transformers. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes a multi-state fast adjustment switch, comprising: at least four stationary contacts arranged in a ring array, two moving contact mechanisms that slide independently on the circumferential surface formed by all the stationary contacts, and a control device connected to the two moving contact mechanisms; there is a spacing between two adjacent stationary contacts; Each of the moving contact mechanisms comprises at least two independently switched moving contact sliding units; the number of the moving contact sliding units in each of the moving contact mechanisms is determined according to the number of the stationary contacts and a set rule; The plurality of static contacts are connected to the plurality of input ends of the fast adjustment switch, and each of the moving contact mechanisms realizes uninterrupted conductive connection switching with each of the static contacts during the sliding process; the moving contact mechanism is connected to the output end of the fast adjustment switch.

[0005] Preferably, all the static contacts are divided into at least one static contact unit, and each static contact unit includes at least four adjacent static contacts; the multiple static contacts within the static contact unit are coded in ascending order; When the number of the static contact units is two or more, cyclic coding is performed among the multiple static contact units, and the static contacts with the same code within each static contact unit are connected by an interconnection busbar. After the static contacts with the same code are connected, they are correspondingly connected to multiple input ends of the fast adjustment switch, and the multiple input ends are connected to different taps of a power supply or a transformer winding.

[0006] Preferably, the mathematical expression of the set rule is expressed as:

[0007] where m is the number of the moving contact sliding units in each moving contact mechanism; n is the number of the static contacts in the static contact unit; is the ceiling function.

[0008] Preferably, each static contact has two conductive surfaces, and the two conductive surfaces of all the static contacts respectively form two circumferential surfaces, and the two moving contact mechanisms respectively slide independently along the two circumferential surfaces.

[0009] Preferably, the multiple moving contact sliding units in each moving contact mechanism slide synchronously, and the distance between two adjacent moving contact sliding units is one or two times the distance of a static contact.

[0010] Preferably, the moving contact mechanism includes a turntable arranged coaxially with the circumferential surface, and the moving contact sliding unit includes a controllable transition impedance, an adaptive non-linear voltage limiter and a controllable switch that are conductively connected and fixed on the turntable; One ends of the controllable transition impedance, the adaptive non-linear voltage limiter and the controllable switch are arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction of the turntable, and the other ends of the controllable transition impedance, the adaptive non-linear voltage limiter and the controllable switch are in sliding contact with the conductive surface; the distance between the controllable transition impedance and the controllable switch is less than the width of the conductive surface and greater than the set electrical insulation clearance; the turntable is connected to the output end of the fast adjustment switch.

[0011] Preferably, when the voltage between the adaptive non-linear voltage limiter and the static contact in contact with it is greater than the set voltage protection value, the impedance of the adaptive non-linear voltage limiter is less than the set impedance lower limit value; When the voltage between the adaptive non-linear voltage limiter and the static contact it contacts is less than the voltage protection value, the impedance of the adaptive non-linear voltage limiter is greater than the set upper impedance limit value.

[0012] Preferably, the adaptive non-linear voltage limiter includes one of the following: Zener diode, switching thyristor, varistor.

[0013] Preferably, the control device includes a turntable driver connected to the turntable, a controller electrically connected to the turntable driver, and a switch driving unit electrically connected to the moving contact sliding unit.

[0014] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a control method for a multi-state fast-adjusting switch, including: Based on the above fast-adjusting switch, the control method includes: Based on different voltage adjustment targets, the on-off of multiple moving contact sliding units in two moving contact mechanisms is independently controlled by the control device, or the two moving contact mechanisms are independently controlled to slide and switch between adjacent static contacts, so as to realize the uninterrupted power switching of the conductive connection between the two moving contact mechanisms and multiple static contacts, and make all static contacts of the fast-adjusting switch form multiple voltage adjustment gears through pairwise connection combinations; the multiple voltage adjustment gears correspond to different voltage adjustment targets; the voltage adjustment amounts of each voltage adjustment gear are output from the two moving contact mechanisms to realize variable-step voltage regulation.

[0015] Preferably, the independent control of the on-off of multiple moving contact sliding units in two moving contact mechanisms includes: Based on different voltage adjustment targets, determine the static contacts that need to be conductively connected by the two moving contact mechanisms, denoted as the static contacts to be connected; Based on each moving contact mechanism, when there is a moving contact sliding unit in the multiple moving contact sliding units of the moving contact mechanism that contacts the static contact to be connected corresponding to the moving contact mechanism, mark this moving contact sliding unit as the unit to be conducted; Control the closing of the controllable transition impedance and the controllable switch on the unit to be conducted through the control device, so that the unit to be conducted is conductively connected to the static contact to be connected, and turn off the controllable transition impedance and the controllable switch on the remaining moving contact sliding units in the moving contact mechanism, so that the conductive connection between the remaining moving contact sliding units and the static contact is disconnected.

[0016] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a control system for a multi-state fast-adjusting switch, including: A control module is configured to independently control the on / off of multiple moving contact sliding units in two moving contact mechanisms through a control device based on different voltage regulation targets, or independently control the two moving contact mechanisms to slide and switch between two adjacent static contacts, so as to achieve a non-power-off switching of the electrical connection between the two moving contact mechanisms and multiple static contacts, and enable the multiple input terminals of the fast regulation switch to be connected in pairs to form multiple voltage regulation gears; the multiple voltage regulation gears correspond to different voltage regulation targets; the voltage regulation amounts of each voltage regulation gear are output from the two moving contact mechanisms, so as to achieve variable-step voltage regulation.

[0017] Preferably, the control module is specifically configured to: Based on different voltage regulation targets, determine the static contacts that the two moving contact mechanisms need to be electrically connected to, denoted as the to-be-connected static contacts; Based on each moving contact mechanism, when there is a moving contact sliding unit in the multiple moving contact sliding units of the moving contact mechanism that contacts the to-be-connected static contact corresponding to the moving contact mechanism, denote this moving contact sliding unit as the to-be-conducted unit; Control the closing of the controllable transition impedance and the controllable switch on the to-be-conducted unit through the control device, so that the to-be-conducted unit is electrically connected to the to-be-connected static contact, and turn off the controllable transition impedance and the controllable switch on the remaining moving contact sliding units in the moving contact mechanism, so that the electrical connection between the remaining moving contact sliding units and the static contact is disconnected.

[0018] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a computer device, including: one or more processors; A memory for storing one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the control method of a multi-state fast regulation switch as described above is implemented.

[0019] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed, the control method of a multi-state fast regulation switch as described above is implemented.

[0020] Compared with the closest prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a multi-state rapid adjustment switch, which includes at least four static contacts arranged in an annular array, two moving contact mechanisms that independently slide on the circumferential surface formed by all the static contacts, and a control device connected to the two moving contact mechanisms; there is a spacing between two adjacent static contacts; each moving contact mechanism includes at least two independently switched moving contact sliding units; the number of moving contact sliding units in each moving contact mechanism is determined according to the number of static contacts and a set rule; the multiple static contacts are connected to multiple input terminals of the rapid adjustment switch, and each moving contact mechanism realizes a power-on conductive connection switching with each static contact during the sliding process; the moving contact mechanism is connected to the output terminal of the rapid adjustment switch; through the number matching of the static contacts and the moving contact sliding units, the independent movement characteristics of the two moving contact mechanisms, and the characteristics of all the static contacts being arranged in an annular array, the two moving contact mechanisms can each contact the static contacts at any potential within one step of movement. Through the pairwise combination connection of the static contacts at multiple potentials, the cooperation between multiple input terminals is realized, forming at least 13 voltage adjustment gears, so as to realize variable-step voltage regulation and one-step switching to any voltage adjustment gear; it solves the shortcomings of traditional on-load tap changers that cannot realize cross-range adjustment, rapid adjustment, variable-step adjustment, etc., and can realize one-step switching to any gear, any variable-step and cross-range rapid adjustment; it also solves the problems of a large number of switches, large floor area, and inability to be integrated with other primary equipment such as transformers when using multiple ordinary external switches to achieve rapid load adjustment.

[0021] The present invention also provides a control method and system for a multi-state rapid adjustment switch, which includes, based on different voltage adjustment targets, independently controlling the on-off of multiple moving contact sliding units in the two moving contact mechanisms through the control device, or independently controlling the sliding and switching of the two moving contact mechanisms between two adjacent static contacts, to realize the power-on switching of the conductive connection between the two moving contact mechanisms and the multiple static contacts, so that pairwise connection combinations of all the static contacts of the rapid adjustment switch form multiple voltage adjustment gears; the multiple voltage adjustment gears correspond to different voltage adjustment targets; the voltage adjustment amounts of each voltage adjustment gear are output from the two moving contact mechanisms to realize variable-step voltage regulation; through the control method and system, the two moving contact mechanisms each contact the static contacts at any potential within one step of movement, and through the pairwise combination connection of the static contacts at multiple potentials, the cooperation between multiple input terminals is realized, forming at least 13 voltage adjustment gears, so as to realize variable-step voltage regulation and one-step switching to any voltage adjustment gear, and solve the shortcomings of traditional on-load tap changers that cannot realize cross-range adjustment, rapid adjustment, variable-step adjustment, etc., and can realize one-step switching to any gear, any variable-step and cross-range rapid adjustment. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a mechanism of a multi-state quick adjustment switch provided by the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of input and output states of a multi-state quick adjustment switch provided by the present invention; Figure 3 Application schematic of a multi-state quick adjustment switch provided by the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 4 Application schematic of a multi-state quick adjustment switch provided by the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a control method flow of a multi-state quick adjustment switch provided by the present invention; Figure 6 For Figure 1 Partial schematic diagram at the upper right corner of the sliding switching process of the moving contact mechanism in Figure 7 For Figure 1 Partial schematic diagram of the right half of the switch switching process of the moving contact mechanism in Figure 8 Schematic diagram of a control system structure of a multi-state quick adjustment switch provided by the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of an electronic device structure provided by the present invention; Wherein, 1, moving contact sliding unit; 2, static contact; 3, turntable; 4, controllable transition impedance; 5, adaptive non-linear voltage limiter; 6, controllable switch; 7, controller; 8, turntable driver; 9, interconnected busbar. Specific embodiments

[0023] The following further elaborates on the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Embodiment 1: A multi-state quick adjustment switch provided by the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, includes: at least four static contacts 2 arranged in a circular array, two moving contact mechanisms independently sliding on the circumferential surface formed by all the static contacts 2, and a control device connected to the two moving contact mechanisms; there is a spacing between adjacent two of the static contacts 2; Each moving contact mechanism includes at least two independently switched-on and -off moving contact sliding units 1; the number of the moving contact sliding units 1 in each moving contact mechanism is determined according to the number of the static contacts 2 and a set rule; A plurality of the static contacts 2 are connected to a plurality of input ends of the quick adjustment switch. During the sliding process of each moving contact mechanism, a non-power-off conductive connection switching is achieved between each moving contact mechanism and each of the static contacts 2. The moving contact mechanism is connected to the output end of the quick adjustment switch.

[0025] In the present invention, through the matching of the numbers of the static contacts and the moving contact sliding units, the independent movement characteristics of the two moving contact mechanisms, and the characteristic that all the static contacts are arranged in an annular array, the two moving contact mechanisms can each contact the static contacts at any potential within one step of movement. Through the pairwise combination connection of the static contacts at multiple potentials, the cooperation between multiple input ends is realized, forming at least 13 voltage adjustment gear states, so as to realize variable step voltage regulation and one-step switching in place between any voltage adjustment gears; it solves the disadvantages that the traditional on-load tap-changer cannot achieve cross-range regulation, quick regulation, variable step regulation, etc.; it also solves the problems of a large number of switches, large floor area, and inability to be integrated with other primary equipment such as transformers when using multiple ordinary external switches to achieve quick load regulation; it is applicable to application fields such as voltage / power flow / power regulation in transmission / distribution networks and railway traction, new energy power stations, industrial and commercial power supply voltage regulation, load voltage regulation, smelting process regulation, etc.

[0026] In this embodiment, each of the static contacts 2 has two conductive surfaces. The two conductive surfaces of all the static contacts 2 respectively form two circumferential surfaces. The two moving contact mechanisms respectively slide independently along the two circumferential surfaces.

[0027] In this embodiment, all the static contact units in the adjustment switch constitute a static contact mechanism. The two circumferential surfaces are the two circumferential surfaces of the static contact mechanism.

[0028] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the static contact 2 is a double-sided static contact. The double-sided static contact includes an inner static contact and an outer static contact. The two contacts are directly connected by a conductor, forming an integral structure in an "I" shape and having the same potential. In addition, the inner static contact, the outer static contact, and the conductor can also be the inner and outer two conductive surfaces of the same conductor; All the static contacts 2 form a ring. The outer conductive surface or the outer static contact forms the circumferential surface on the outer side of the ring. The inner conductive surface or the inner static contact forms the circumferential surface on the inner side of the ring. The two moving contact mechanisms are respectively arranged on the inner and outer sides of the ring, and are arranged in a three-layer sleeve type, with a compact installation structure and a reasonable layout; In another possible implementation manner, the two circumferential surfaces are both located on the same side of the ring, that is, the outer side or the inner side; the diameters of the two circumferential surfaces are the same and are arranged in layers; at this time, the two moving contact mechanisms are both located on the same side of the ring, and are arranged in a two-layer sleeve type with the static contact mechanism. The two moving contact mechanisms are arranged in layers corresponding to the two circumferential surfaces; In another possible implementation, the two circumferential surfaces are respectively arranged on two opposite annular width surfaces of the ring; at this time, a moving contact mechanism, a static contact mechanism and another moving contact mechanism are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the static contact mechanism.

[0029] In this embodiment, all the static contacts 2 are divided into at least one static contact unit, and each static contact unit includes at least four adjacent static contacts 2; the multiple static contacts 2 within the static contact unit are coded in ascending order; When the number of the static contact units is two or more, the multiple static contact units are circularly coded, and the static contacts 2 with the same code within each static contact unit are connected by an interconnection bus 9. After the static contacts 2 with the same code are connected, they are correspondingly connected to multiple input ends of the fast adjustment switch, and the multiple input ends are connected to different taps of a power supply or a transformer winding.

[0030] In this embodiment, taking the case where there are four static contacts 2 in one static contact unit as an example, the number of static contacts 2 in the static contact mechanism is 4*N, N≥1, and N is the number of static contact units; at this time, the 4*N static contacts 2 are arranged in a circular form, and each static contact 2 is also an electrode. Each static contact / electrode is coded in a specific circular coding form, and the coding method is a circular method along the circumferential direction, either clockwise or counterclockwise. For example, Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the circular coding of all the static contacts 2 in the clockwise direction along the circumference is: ①, ②, ③, ④, ①, ②, ③, ④... Figure 1 The codes ①, ②, ③, ④ in the figure are both the numbers of the static contacts 2 where the codes are located and the numbers of the interconnection buses 9 where the codes are located; The static contacts / electrodes with the same code are connected by a conductive interconnection bus 9 and have the same potential; the number of interconnection buses 9 is the same as the number of types of static contact codes. The interconnection buses 9 include interconnection bus ①, interconnection bus ②, interconnection bus ③, and interconnection bus ④, and each interconnection bus is independent of each other; after the interconnection, a terminal is led out, and the code of this terminal is the same as the static contact / electrode code. At the same time, this terminal is used as the input end of the switch and is used to connect to a power supply or a transformer winding. For example, Figure 1 As shown in the figure, all the electrodes with code ① are connected by interconnection bus ①, all the electrodes with code ② are connected by interconnection bus ②, all the electrodes with code ③ are connected by interconnection bus ③, and all the electrodes with code ④ are connected by interconnection bus ④. After connection, terminals 1, 2, 3, and 4 are respectively led out as input end ①, input end ②, input end ③, and input end ④; In this embodiment, the mathematical expression of the set rule is expressed as:

[0031] Wherein, m is the number of the movable contact sliding units 1 in each of the movable contact mechanisms; n is the number of the static contacts 2 in the static contact unit; is the ceiling function, and ceiling means taking the smallest integer greater than or equal to a number itself.

[0032] In this embodiment, since there are four static contacts 2 in one static contact unit, each of the movable contact mechanisms, namely the inner layer and the outer layer, contains two sets of movable contact sliding units 1 respectively.

[0033] It should be noted that the arrangement modes of the two sets of movable contact sliding units 1 in the inner layer have a fixed angular relationship.

[0034] In this embodiment, multiple movable contact sliding units 1 in each of the movable contact mechanisms slide synchronously, and the distance between two adjacent movable contact sliding units 1 is the distance of one or two static contacts 2.

[0035] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the distance between the two movable contact sliding units 1 in one movable contact mechanism is the distance of one static contact 2. For example, when the first set of movable contact sliding unit 1 in the outer layer contacts the static contact 2 numbered ①, the second set of movable contact sliding unit 1 contacts the static contact 2 numbered ③, and the two sets of movable contact sliding units 1 in each layer rotate synchronously; it can also be the distance of two static contacts 2, and any voltage adjustment gear can also be switched to in one step.

[0036] In another possible implementation manner, when there are seven static contacts 2 in one static contact unit, according to the above-set rules, each of the movable contact mechanisms contains three movable contact sliding units 1. To ensure that any voltage adjustment gear can be switched to in one step, the intervals between the three movable contact sliding units 1 are two static contacts 2, two static contacts 2, and one static contact 2 respectively; specifically, the seven static contacts 2 are coded in sequence as ①, ②, ③, ④, ⑤, ⑥, ⑦. Taking the outer-layer movable contact mechanism as an example, when a movable contact sliding unit 1 of the outer-layer movable contact mechanism contacts the static contact 2 numbered ①, the second movable contact sliding unit 1 contacts the static contact 2 numbered ④, and the third movable contact sliding unit 1 contacts the static contact 2 numbered ⑥, so as to realize switching to any voltage adjustment gear in one step.

[0037] In this embodiment, the movable contact mechanism includes a turntable 3 coaxially arranged with the circumferential surface, and the movable contact sliding unit 1 includes a controllable transition impedance 4, an adaptive non-linear voltage limiter 5, and a controllable switch 6 that are conductively connected and fixed on the turntable 3; One end of the controllable transition impedance 4, the adaptive non-linear voltage limiter 5, and the controllable switch 6 are arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction of the turntable 3, and the other ends of the controllable transition impedance 4, the adaptive non-linear voltage limiter 5, and the controllable switch 6 are in sliding contact with the conductive surface; the distance between the controllable transition impedance 4 and the controllable switch 6 is less than the width of the conductive surface and greater than the set electrical insulation clearance; the turntable 3 is connected to the output end of the fast adjustment switch.

[0038] It should be noted that the above three layout relationships between the two moving contact mechanisms and the static contact mechanism can be regarded as the three layout relationships between the two turntables 3 in the two moving contact mechanisms. The moving contact sliding unit 1 is arranged between the turntable 3 and the static contact mechanism and is in sliding cooperation with the conductive surface of the static contact 2.

[0039] In this embodiment, the controllable transition impedance 4 includes a series-connected impedance element and a controllable impedance switch, and the controllable impedance switch is arranged close to the turntable 3.

[0040] In this embodiment, the two turntables 3 in the two moving contact mechanisms are respectively denoted as the inner turntable and the outer turntable. Both turntables 3 can rotate clockwise and counterclockwise, and the inner / outer turntables serve as the two output ends of this fast adjustment switch; as Figure 1 shown, the impedance elements include impedances Z11, Z12, Z21, and Z22, and the controllable impedance switches include switches V11 connected in series with impedance Z11, switches V13 connected in series with impedance Z12, switches V21 connected in series with impedance Z21, and switches V23 connected in series with impedance Z22; the adaptive non-linear voltage limiters 5 include adaptive non-linear voltage limiters BV11, BV12, BV21, and BV22, and the controllable switches 6 include switches V12, V14, V22, and V24; Z11, V11, BV11, and V12 constitute the first set of moving contact sliding units 1 on the inner layer; Z12, V13, BV12, and V14 constitute the second set of moving contact sliding units 1 on the inner layer; the first set of moving contact sliding units 1 and the second set of moving contact sliding units 1 on the inner layer are arranged on the inner turntable; Z21, V21, BV21, and V22 constitute the first set of moving contact sliding units 1 on the outer layer; Z22, V23, BV22, and V24 constitute the second set of moving contact sliding units 1 on the outer layer; the first set of moving contact sliding units 1 and the second set of moving contact sliding units 1 on the outer layer are arranged on the outer turntable.

[0041] It should be noted that the controllable switch 6 and the controllable impedance switch can be electrical control switches, or mechanical linkage control switches can be selected by utilizing the sliding characteristics of the moving contact sliding unit 1. When the moving contact sliding unit 1 rotates, the mechanical opening and closing of the controllable switch 6 and the controllable impedance switch can be achieved through the cooperation of switch control structures such as the switch pressing key and the convex block at a fixed position.

[0042] The controllable transition impedance 4 has the characteristic of limiting current and is composed of elements with resistance, inductance or capacitance characteristics. One end of it is fixedly conductively connected to the turntable 3, and the other end is connected to the conductive sliding block, and the conductive sliding block is used for sliding contact with the static contact 2; The controllable switch 6 is composed of switches with good arc extinguishing performance such as vacuum switches and vacuum bulbs. One end of it is fixedly conductively connected to the turntable 3, and the other end is connected to the conductive sliding block, and the conductive sliding block is used for sliding contact with the static contact 2.

[0043] One end of the adaptive non-linear voltage limiter 5 is fixedly conductively connected to the turntable 3, and the other end is connected to the conductive sliding block, and the conductive sliding block is used for sliding contact with the static contact 2, which can achieve the protection against overvoltage; In another possible implementation manner, the above-mentioned moving contact sliding unit 1 can only adopt the controllable transition impedance 4 and the controllable switch 6, and can also achieve the switching of the non-power-off conductive connection between the moving contact sliding unit and each of the static contacts 2 during the sliding process and the one-step switching between any voltage adjustment gears, but it is easy to cause the controllable transition impedance 4 to melt; In this embodiment, preferably, the adaptive non-linear voltage limiter 5 is arranged between the controllable transition impedance 4 and the controllable switch 6, which can achieve the protection against overvoltage and avoid the melting of the controllable transition impedance 4.

[0044] In this embodiment, when the voltage between the adaptive non-linear voltage limiter 5 and the static contact 2 in contact with it is greater than the set voltage protection value, the impedance of the adaptive non-linear voltage limiter 5 is less than the set impedance lower limit value; When the voltage between the adaptive non-linear voltage limiter 5 and the static contact 2 in contact with it is less than the voltage protection value, the impedance of the adaptive non-linear voltage limiter 5 is greater than the set impedance upper limit value.

[0045] Specifically, the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter 5 has an overvoltage protection characteristic of limiting voltage, and is used to protect against overvoltage when the switch is abnormal; when in the switching process, for example, only the transition resistance, that is, the controllable transition impedance 4 branch is supplying power, such as when the controllable switch 6 may be between two static contacts, that is, in a suspended state, if the transition impedance burns out due to overcurrent or other reasons, then the entire power supply circuit is in an open circuit state, that is, it is easy for an excessive voltage to appear between the moving and static contacts, exceeding the set voltage protection value, and causing an overvoltage breakdown hazard; the voltage protection value is usually designed to be a transition interval, such as 1800V~2200V, for example, the pole voltage between the moving and static contacts is 600V under normal circumstances; when the voltage of the moving and static contacts exceeds or is equal to 2200V, the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter 5 automatically adjusts the impedance characteristic If the voltage between the moving and static contacts is between 1800V and 2200V, it is in the state of transition resistance, and the voltage between the moving and static contacts is limited to between 1800V and 2200V. If the control device detects that the voltage between the moving and static contacts is between 600V and 2200V, it can be determined that there is a problem with the transition circuit of the moving contact, and the switching needs to be stopped. This solves the safety problems of traditional on-load switches, such as overvoltage damage to the switch and transformer short circuit caused by the inability to realize the disconnection of the switch regulation circuit.

[0046] In this embodiment, the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter 5 includes the following: Zener diodes, thyristors, varistors.

[0047] In this embodiment, the control device includes a turntable driver 8 connected to the turntable 3 , a controller 7 electrically connected to the turntable driver 8 , and a switch drive unit electrically connected to the moving contact sliding unit 1 .

[0048] In this embodiment, the turntable driver 8 drives the inner turntable and the outer turntable respectively, which is used to link the above-mentioned moving contact sliding unit 1 to realize gear shifting adjustment; the control device is also used to accept external instructions and send them to the inner and outer turntable drivers respectively after formula decomposition, and is also used to identify and process various states inside the switch.

[0049] When the present invention is actually used, Figure 2As shown, a voltage source u1 is connected between input terminal ① and input terminal ②, a voltage source u2 is connected between input terminal ② and input terminal ③, and a voltage source u3 is connected between input terminal ③ and input terminal ④. Then, through the control device, the turntable driver 8 drives the turntable 3 to drive the moving contact sliding unit 1 to rotate or controls the moving contact sliding unit 1 to switch between on and off states, so that the moving contact sliding unit 1 is electrically connected to different static contacts 2; 13 voltage states u, that is, 13 gears, can be output between output terminal ① and output terminal ②, including: (1) When the inner turntable drives the inner first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to the static contact 2 encoded as ① (hereinafter referred to as electrode ①), and the outer turntable drives the outer first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to the static contact 2 encoded as ② (hereinafter referred to as electrode ②), and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first sets of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the on state, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second sets of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② is u1 at this time; (2) When the inner turntable drives the inner first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ②, and the outer turntable drives the outer first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to the static contact 2 encoded as ③ (hereinafter referred to as electrode ③), and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first sets of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the on state, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second sets of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② is u2 at this time; (3) When the inner turntable drives the inner first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ③, and the outer turntable drives the outer first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to the static contact 2 encoded as ④ (hereinafter referred to as electrode ④), and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first sets of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the on state, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second sets of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② is u3 at this time; (4) When the inner turntable drives the inner first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ①, and the outer turntable drives the outer first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ③, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first sets of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the on state, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second sets of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② is u1 + u2 at this time; (5) When the inner turntable drives the inner first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ② and the outer turntable drives the outer first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ④, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first set of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the conducting state, while the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second set of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② at this time is u2 + u3; (6) When the inner turntable drives the inner first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ① and the outer turntable drives the outer first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ④, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first set of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the conducting state, while the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second set of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② at this time is u1 + u2 + u3; (7) When the outer turntable drives the outer first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ① and the inner turntable drives the inner first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ②, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first set of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the conducting state, while the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second set of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② at this time is -u1; (8) When the outer turntable drives the outer first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ② and the inner turntable drives the inner first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ③, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first set of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the conducting state, while the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second set of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② at this time is -u2; (9) When the outer turntable drives the outer first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ③ and the inner turntable drives the inner first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ④, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first set of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the conducting state, while the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second set of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② at this time is -u3; (10) When the outer turntable drives the outer first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ①, and the inner turntable drives the inner first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ③, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first set of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the conducting state, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second set of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② is -(u1 + u2) at this time; (11) When the outer turntable drives the outer first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ②, and the inner turntable drives the inner first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ④, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first set of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the conducting state, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second set of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② is -(u2 + u3) at this time; (12) When the outer turntable drives the outer first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ①, and the inner turntable drives the inner first set of moving contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ④, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first set of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the conducting state, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second set of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② is -(u1 + u2 + u3) at this time; (13) When the inner turntable drives the inner moving contact sliding unit 1 and the outer turntable drives the outer moving contact sliding unit 1 to rotate to the static contact 2 with the same code, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first set of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the conducting (or off) state, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second set of moving contact sliding units 1 are both in the off (or conducting) state, the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② is 0.

[0050] It should be noted that when the moving contact sliding unit 1 of the inner layer or the outer layer needs to be switched between electrode ① and electrode ③, or between electrode ② and electrode ④ under the drive of the turntable 3, the rotation action can be not performed, and the switching can be realized in one step only by controlling the controllable switches between the two sets of moving contact sliding units 1 of the inner layer or the outer layer.

[0051] The above process can achieve one action of the switch (rotating or switching the controllable switch and the controllable impedance switch) to reach any position of electrode ①, electrode ②, electrode ③, and electrode ④, so as to realize one-step adjustment in place of the voltage output of each gear.

[0052] Specifically, when the present invention is used, two connection methods with the outside can be adopted. The first connection method is as Figure 3As shown in the figure, multiple quick - adjustment switches are adopted. The input ends of each quick - adjustment switch are connected to different power supplies, and the output ends of each quick - adjustment switch are connected in series to form a total output end. By adjusting each quick - adjustment switch, different voltages are taken from the power supplies and then connected in series and superimposed on the output end to achieve the change of the input voltage of the transformer.

[0053] The second connection method is as Figure 4 shown. The input ends of the quick - adjustment switches are connected to different taps of the primary voltage - regulating winding of the transformer. After the output ends of the quick - adjustment switches are connected in series with the primary main winding of the transformer, they serve as the voltage input end of the primary side of the transformer. By adjusting the quick - adjustment switches, the turns ratio of the total number of turns of the primary winding and the secondary winding of the transformer can be changed, thereby realizing the adjustment of the output voltage of the secondary side of the transformer.

[0054] In the above two connection methods, in order to meet the requirement of 13 voltage - adjustment gear positions, the turns ratio of the windings between input ends ①②, input ends ②③, and input ends ③④ of the quick - adjustment switch is 1:3:2; correspondingly, when a voltage source is connected between the input ends, the voltage ratio of voltage source u1, voltage source u2, and voltage source u3 is 1:3:2, etc. In another possible implementation method, for example, when there are five static contacts 2 in a static contact unit, a maximum of 17 voltage - adjustment gear positions can be achieved. Similarly, in order to realize the adjustment continuity between each gear position and the requirement of 17 gear positions, the turns ratio or voltage ratio of the input ends is 3:2:1:4, and so on.

[0055] The use of the quick - adjustment switch of the present invention is not limited to single - phase power systems, but also applicable to three - phase or multi - phase systems. Implementation schemes with similar principles and usages are also within the protection scope of this scheme.

[0056] Embodiment 2: Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a control method for a multi - state quick - adjustment switch, as Figure 5 shown, including: Based on the quick - adjustment switch of the above - mentioned embodiment, the control method includes: S1. Based on different voltage - adjustment targets, the control device independently controls the on - off of multiple moving - contact sliding units 1 in two moving - contact mechanisms, or independently controls the sliding and switching of the two moving - contact mechanisms between adjacent two static contacts 2 to achieve the non - power - off switching of the conductive connection between the two moving - contact mechanisms and multiple static contacts 2, so that all pairs of connections between the static contacts 2 of the quick - adjustment switch form multiple voltage - adjustment gear positions; the multiple voltage - adjustment gear positions correspond to different voltage - adjustment targets; the voltage - adjustment amount of each voltage - adjustment gear position is output from the two moving - contact mechanisms to achieve variable - step - length voltage regulation.

[0057] This method controls each of the two moving contact mechanisms to contact the static contacts at any potential within one step of movement (sliding or switch switching). By connecting the static contacts at multiple potentials in pairs, the cooperation between multiple input terminals is achieved, forming at least 13 voltage regulation levels, thereby realizing variable step voltage regulation and one-step switching to any voltage regulation level, and solving the disadvantages of traditional on-load tap changers such as inability to achieve cross-range regulation, rapid regulation, and variable step regulation.

[0058] It should be noted that the control device controls each of the two moving contact mechanisms to continuously switch between the static contacts of the static contact unit without power interruption. Therefore, when the number of static contact units is multiple, both of the two moving contact mechanisms can slide and switch across the static contact units, thereby realizing one-step switching to any voltage regulation level.

[0059] The process of a moving contact sliding unit 1 of a moving contact mechanism sliding from the current static contact 2 to an adjacent static contact 2 without power interruption includes: Keep the other moving contact sliding units 1 except this moving contact sliding unit 1 in the off state. When the rotation direction is from the controllable transition impedance 4 to the controllable switch 6 (for example, Figure 1 in the clockwise direction in the figure), driven by the turntable 3, the controllable switch 6 first moves from the current static contact 2 to the adjacent static contact 2, and the controllable transition impedance 4 and the adaptive non-linear voltage limiter 5 move synchronously with the controllable switch 6. When the controllable switch 6 leaves the current static contact 2 and has not reached the adjacent static contact 2, the current passes through the controllable transition impedance 4 to maintain power supply continuity, so that the current is not interrupted when the controllable switch 6 leaves the current static contact 2; the adaptive non-linear voltage limiter 5 prevents overvoltage breakdown and damage to the switch in the loop caused by abnormal resistance open circuit during the switching process; Keep the other moving contact sliding units 1 except this moving contact sliding unit 1 in the off state. When the rotation direction is from the controllable switch 6 to the controllable transition impedance 4 (for example, Figure 1 in the counterclockwise direction in the figure), driven by the turntable 3, the controllable transition impedance 4 first moves from the current static contact 2 to the adjacent static contact 2, and the adaptive non-linear voltage limiter 5 and the controllable switch 6 move synchronously with the controllable transition impedance 4. The controllable transition impedance 4 first contacts the adjacent static contact 2 to establish a path in advance, so that the current is not interrupted when the controllable switch 6 leaves the current static contact 2; the adaptive non-linear voltage limiter 5 prevents overvoltage breakdown and damage to the switch in the loop caused by abnormal resistance open circuit during the switching process; During this period, when the controllable switch 6 or the controllable transition impedance 4 leaves the current static contact 2, control it to switch from the on state to the off state to avoid current arcing; when the controllable switch 6 or the controllable transition impedance 4 completely contacts the adjacent static contact 2, then control it to switch from the off state to the on state to improve the service life of the switch.

[0060] In this embodiment, the independent control of the on-off states of multiple moving contact sliding units 1 in the two moving contact mechanisms includes: Based on different voltage regulation targets, determine the static contacts 2 that need to be conductively connected by the two moving contact mechanisms, denoted as the static contacts to be connected; Based on each moving contact mechanism, when there is a moving contact sliding unit 1 in the multiple moving contact sliding units 1 of the moving contact mechanism that is in contact with the static contact to be connected corresponding to the moving contact mechanism, mark this moving contact sliding unit 1 as the unit to be turned on; Control the closing of the controllable transition impedance 4 and the controllable switch 6 on the unit to be turned on through the control device, so that the unit to be turned on is conductively connected to the static contact to be connected, and turn off the controllable transition impedance 4 and the controllable switch 6 on the remaining moving contact sliding units 1 in the moving contact mechanism, so that the conductive connection between the remaining moving contact sliding units 1 and the static contact 2 is disconnected.

[0061] Specifically, to achieve gear shifting, taking the two sets of outer moving contact sliding units 1 as an example, two processes of their non-power-off switching are described: (1) When the first set of outer moving contact sliding units 1 rotates clockwise, its controllable switch 6 and controllable impedance switch are controlled to act; the second set of outer moving contact sliding units 1 only rotates, and its controllable switch 6 and controllable impedance switch do not act: As Figure 6 shown, the sliding switching steps are a → b → c → d → e → f → g → h → i. Step a shows the initial position. The first set of outer moving contact sliding units 1 is located at the position of electrode ①, and its switches V21 and V22 are in the on state; the second set of outer moving contact sliding units 1 is located at the position of electrode ③, and its switches V23, V24 are in the off state (see Figure 1 ); Rotate to the position shown in step b to the right. V22 is at the edge of electrode ①. The switch V22 of the first set of outer moving contact sliding units 1 changes from on to off, and the state of switch V21 remains unchanged and is in the on state; the second set of outer moving contact sliding units 1 follows, but the states of its switches V23, V24 remain unchanged and are both in the off state (not shown in the figure); Rotate to the position shown in step c to the right. V22 is between electrode ① and electrode ②. The controllable switch V22 of the first set of outer moving contact sliding units 1 remains in the off state, ensuring that there is no current and no arcing when its position leaves electrode ①, improving the service life of the switch. The controllable switch V21 remains in the on state; the second set of outer moving contact sliding units 1 follows, but the states of its switches V23, V24 remain unchanged and are both in the off state; Rotate to the position shown in step d to the right. V22 contacts electrode ②. The state of the controllable switch V22 of the first set of moving contact sliding units 1 on the outer layer remains unchanged and is in the off state, ensuring that there is no current and no arcing when it contacts the next static contact 2 (electrode ②), improving the service life of the switch. The state of the controllable switch V21 remains unchanged and is in the on state. The second set of moving contact sliding units 1 on the outer layer moves along, but the states of its switches V23 and V24 remain unchanged and are both in the off state. Rotate to the position shown in step e to the right. The adaptive non-linear voltage limiter BV21 is located between electrode ① and electrode ②. The state of the controllable switch V22 of the first set of moving contact sliding units 1 on the outer layer changes from off to on. The state of the controllable switch V21 remains unchanged and is in the on state. At this time, a circulating current appears between switches V22 and V21, and the function of impedance Z21 is to limit the excessive circulating current. The second set of moving contact sliding units 1 on the outer layer moves along, but the states of its switches V23 and V24 remain unchanged and are both in the off state. Rotate to the position shown in step f to the right. The adaptive non-linear voltage limiter BV21 contacts electrode ②. The state of the controllable switch V21 of the first set of moving contact sliding units 1 on the outer layer changes from on to off. The state of the controllable switch V22 remains unchanged and is in the on state. The second set of moving contact sliding units 1 on the outer layer moves along, but the states of its switches V23 and V24 remain unchanged and are both in the off state. Rotate to the position shown in step g to the right. The impedance Z21 is located between electrode ① and electrode ②. The state of the controllable switch V21 of the first set of moving contact sliding units 1 on the outer layer remains unchanged and is in the off state, ensuring that there is no current and no arcing when its position leaves electrode ①, improving the service life of the switch. The state of the controllable switch V22 remains unchanged and is in the on state. The second set of moving contact sliding units 1 on the outer layer moves along, but the states of its switches V23 and V24 remain unchanged and are both in the off state. Rotate to the position shown in step h to the right. The impedance Z21 contacts electrode ②. The state of the controllable switch V21 of the first set of moving contact sliding units 1 on the outer layer remains unchanged and is in the off state, ensuring that there is no current and no arcing when it contacts the next electrode ②, improving the service life of the switch. The state of the controllable switch V22 remains unchanged and is in the on state. The second set of moving contact sliding units 1 on the outer layer moves along, but the states of its switches V23 and V24 remain unchanged and are both in the off state. Rotate to the position shown in step i to the right. The first set of moving contact sliding units 1 on the outer layer is in full contact with electrode ②. The state of the controllable switch V21 of the first set of moving contact sliding units 1 changes from off to on, providing an initial state for the next rotation and switching. The state of the controllable switch V22 remains unchanged and is in the on state. The second set of moving contact sliding units 1 on the outer layer moves along, but the states of its switches V23 and V24 remain unchanged and are both in the off state. Thus, the position switching from electrode ① to electrode ② is completed. The above operation process is powered continuously without power loss, and the adaptive non-linear voltage limiter can prevent overvoltage breakdown and damage to the switch in the loop caused by abnormal open circuit of the resistor during the position switching process; The process of the outer moving contact sliding unit 1 rotating counterclockwise is similar to this process, and the position switching from electrode ① to electrode ④ can be completed; The switching process of the two sets of inner moving contact sliding units 1 in this state is similar to the operation process of the outer moving contact sliding unit 1.

[0062] (2)The first and second sets of outer moving contact sliding units 1 do not rotate, but the controllable switches on the two sets of sliding mechanisms are controlled to act: Such as Figure 7 As shown, the switch switching steps are A→B→C→D→E. The state shown in step A is the initial position. The first set of outer moving contact sliding units 1 is located at the position of electrode ①, and its controllable switches V21 and V22 are in the conducting state; the second set of outer moving contact sliding units 1 is located at the position of electrode ③, and its controllable switches V23 and V24 are in the off state; Subsequently, as shown in step B, the controllable switch V22 of the first set of outer moving contact sliding units 1 changes from the conducting state to the off state, and the state of the controllable switch V21 remains unchanged and is in the conducting state; the states of the controllable switches V23 and V24 of the second set of outer moving contact sliding units 1 remain unchanged and are both in the off state; Subsequently, as shown in step C, the state of the controllable switch V22 of the first set of outer moving contact sliding units 1 remains unchanged and is in the off state, and the state of the controllable switch V21 remains unchanged and is in the conducting state; the state of the controllable switch V23 of the second set of outer moving contact sliding units 1 changes from the off state to the conducting state. At this time, a circulating current appears between the controllable switch V23 of the second set of outer moving contact sliding units 1 and the controllable switch V21 of the first set of outer moving contact sliding units 1. The functions of the impedance elements Z21 and Z22 are to limit the generation of excessive circulating current, and the state of V24 remains unchanged and is in the off state; Subsequently, as shown in step D, the state of the controllable switch V22 of the first set of outer moving contact sliding units 1 remains unchanged and is in the off state, and the state of the controllable switch V21 changes from the conducting state to the off state. At this time, the circulating current between the controllable switch V21 of the first set of outer moving contact sliding units 1 and the controllable switch V23 of the second set of outer moving contact sliding units 1 disappears; the state of the controllable switch V23 of the second set of outer moving contact sliding units 1 remains unchanged and is in the conducting state to ensure continuous power supply, and the state of V24 remains unchanged and is in the off state; Subsequently, as shown in step E, the states of the controllable switches V21 and V22 of the first set of outer moving contact sliding units 1 remain unchanged and are both in the off state; the state of the controllable switch V23 of the second set of outer moving contact sliding units 1 remains unchanged and is in the conducting state, and the state of V24 changes from the off state to the conducting state, providing an initial state for the next rotation and switching; Thus, the switching of the electrical connection state from electrode ① to electrode ③ is completed through the switch; The above operation process is powered continuously without power loss, and the adaptive non-linear voltage limiter can prevent overvoltage breakdown damage to the switch in the loop caused by abnormal open circuit of the resistor during the operation switching process; The state switching process of the outer moving contact sliding unit 1 from electrode ③ to electrode ① is similar to this; The switching process of the two sets of inner moving contact sliding units 1 in this state is similar to the operation process of the outer moving contact sliding unit 1.

[0063] The technical route proposed by the present invention is a completely new construction idea, which is completely different from the existing technical solutions. It solves the disadvantages of traditional on-load tap-changers that cannot achieve step-over regulation, rapid regulation, multi-state regulation, and wide-range regulation when there are limited taps in the transformer winding. It can achieve one-step switching between any gears and rapid regulation of any state and across gears. It also solves the problems of a large number of switches, large floor area, and inability to be integrated with other primary equipment such as transformers when using multiple ordinary external switches to achieve rapid on-load regulation. And the adaptive non-linear voltage limiter built in the sliding mechanism solves the safety problems such as overvoltage damage to the switch and transformer short circuit caused by the open circuit of the switch adjustment loop in traditional on-load switches.

[0064] Embodiment 3: Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a control system for a multi-state rapid regulation switch, as Figure 8 shown, including: A control module, which is used to independently control the on-off of multiple moving contact sliding units 1 in two moving contact mechanisms through a control device based on different voltage regulation targets, or independently control the sliding and switching of the two moving contact mechanisms between two adjacent static contacts 2, so as to realize the continuous power switching of the electrical connection between the two moving contact mechanisms and multiple static contacts 2, and make the pairwise connection combinations of multiple input ends of the rapid regulation switch form multiple voltage regulation gears; the multiple voltage regulation gears correspond to different voltage regulation targets; the voltage regulation amounts of each voltage regulation gear are output from the two moving contact mechanisms to realize variable-step voltage regulation.

[0065] In this embodiment, the control module is specifically used for: Based on different voltage regulation targets, determine the static contacts 2 that the two moving contact mechanisms need to be electrically connected to, denoted as the to-be-connected static contacts; Based on each moving contact mechanism, when there is one moving contact sliding unit 1 in the multiple moving contact sliding units 1 in the moving contact mechanism that contacts the to-be-connected static contact corresponding to the moving contact mechanism, denote this moving contact sliding unit 1 as the to-be-conducted unit; The control device controls the closing of the controllable transition impedance 4 and the controllable switch 6 on the unit to be turned on, so that the unit to be turned on is electrically connected to the static contact to be connected, and the controllable transition impedance 4 and the controllable switch 6 on the remaining moving contact sliding units 1 in the moving contact mechanism are turned off, so that the conductive connection between the remaining moving contact sliding units 1 and the static contact 2 is disconnected.

[0066] Embodiment 4 As Figure 9 shown, the present invention further provides an electronic device, which may be a computer device, a single-chip microcomputer device, a smart mobile device, etc. The electronic device in this embodiment may include a processor, a memory, a transceiver component, etc. The memory, the processor and the transceiver component are connected by a bus; the memory can be used to store an execution program, and an exemplary execution program may include instructions; the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory. The memory can also be used to store data, and the data can be called and / or modified when the instructions are executed.

[0067] The processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or may also be other general-purpose processors, Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. It is the computing core and control core of the terminal, and is suitable for implementing one or more instructions. Specifically, it is suitable for loading and executing one or more instructions in the storage medium to implement the corresponding method flow or corresponding function, so as to implement the steps of a control method for a multi-state fast-adjustment switch in the above embodiment.

[0068] Embodiment 5 Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a readable storage medium, specifically an electronic device-readable storage medium (Memory). The electronic device-readable storage medium is a memory device in the electronic device, used to store programs and data. It can be understood that the storage medium here can include both the built-in storage medium in the electronic device and, of course, the extended storage medium supported by the electronic device. The storage medium provides a storage space, and this storage space stores the operating system of the terminal. Moreover, in this storage space, there is also stored one or more instructions suitable for being loaded and executed by the processor. These instructions can be one or more execution programs (including program codes). It should be noted that the storage medium here can be a high-speed RAM memory or a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory. By the processor loading and executing one or more instructions stored in the storage medium, the steps of the control method of a multi-state fast-adjustment switch in the above embodiments can be implemented.

[0069] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk memories, CD-ROMs, optical memories, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.

[0070] The present invention is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, and the combination of flows and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing devices to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing devices generate a device for implementing the functions specified in Figure 1 one flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 one block or multiple blocks.

[0071] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory generate a manufactured article including an instruction device, and the instruction device implements the functions specified in Figure 1 one flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 one block or multiple blocks.

[0072] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to generate a computer-implemented process, and thus the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for realizing the functions specified in one process or a plurality of processes and / or one block or a plurality of blocks. Figure 1 one process or a plurality of processes and / or Figure 1 blocks to realize the functions specified in one block or a plurality of blocks.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the scope of its protection. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: after reading the present invention, those skilled in the art can still make various changes, modifications or equivalent replacements to the specific implementation manners of the application, but these changes, modifications or equivalent replacements are all within the scope of the protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-state fast adjustment switch, characterized in that: include: At least four stationary contacts (2) arranged in a ring array, two moving contact mechanisms that slide independently on a circumferential surface formed by all the stationary contacts (2), and a control device connected to the two moving contact mechanisms; there is a spacing between two adjacent stationary contacts (2); Each of the moving contact mechanisms comprises at least two independently switched moving contact sliding units (1); the number of the moving contact sliding units (1) in each of the moving contact mechanisms is determined according to the number of the stationary contacts (2) and a set rule; The plurality of stationary contacts (2) are connected to the plurality of input ends of the rapid adjustment switch, and each of the moving contact mechanisms realizes an uninterrupted conductive connection switching with each of the stationary contacts (2) during the sliding process; the moving contact mechanism is connected to the output end of the rapid adjustment switch.

2. A multi-state fast adjustment switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: All the static contacts (2) are divided into at least one static contact unit, each of the static contact units comprising at least four adjacent static contacts (2); the multiple static contacts (2) in the static contact unit are coded in ascending order; When the number of the static contact units is two or more, the multiple static contact units are cyclically coded, and the static contacts (2) with the same coding in each static contact unit are connected via an interconnecting bus (9). After being connected, the static contacts (2) with the same coding are correspondingly connected to multiple input ends of the fast adjustment switch, and the multiple input ends are connected to different taps of the power supply or transformer winding.

3. A multi-state fast adjustment switch as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The mathematical expression of the set rule is expressed as: Wherein, m is the number of the moving contact sliding units (1) in each moving contact mechanism; n is the number of the stationary contacts (2) in the stationary contact unit; is the ceiling function.

4. A multi-state fast adjustment switch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Each of the stationary contacts (2) has two conductive surfaces, the two conductive surfaces of all the stationary contacts (2) respectively form two circumferential surfaces, and the two moving contact mechanisms slide independently along the two circumferential surfaces respectively.

5. A multi-state fast adjustment switch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The plurality of moving contact sliding units (1) in each moving contact mechanism slide synchronously, and the distance between two adjacent moving contact sliding units (1) is the distance of one or two stationary contacts (2).

6. A multi-state fast adjustment switch as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The moving contact mechanism comprises a rotating disk (3) arranged coaxially with the circumferential surface, and the moving contact sliding unit (1) comprises a controllable transition impedance (4) conductively connected and fixed on the rotating disk (3), an adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter (5) and a controllable switch (6); One end of the controllable transition impedance (4), the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter (5) and the controllable switch (6) are arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction of the rotating disk (3), and the other ends of the controllable transition impedance (4), the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter (5) and the controllable switch (6) are in sliding contact with the conductive surface; the spacing between the controllable transition impedance (4) and the controllable switch (6) is smaller than the width of the conductive surface and larger than a set electrical insulation clearance; the rotating disk (3) is connected to the output end of the fast adjustment switch.

7. A multi-state fast adjustment switch as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: When the voltage between the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter (5) and the static contact (2) in contact with it is greater than a set voltage protection value, the impedance of the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter (5) is less than a set impedance lower limit value; When the voltage between the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter (5) and the static contact (2) in contact with it is less than the voltage protection value, the impedance of the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter (5) is greater than a set impedance upper limit value.

8. A multi-state fast adjustment switch as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter (5) comprises the following: Zener diodes, thyristors, varistors.

9. A multi-state fast adjustment switch as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The control device comprises a turntable driver (8) connected to the turntable (3), a controller (7) electrically connected to the turntable driver (8), and a switch drive unit electrically connected to the moving contact sliding unit (1).

10. A control method for a multi-state fast regulating switch, characterized in that: Based on the fast adjustment switch according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the control method comprises: Based on different voltage regulation targets, the control device independently controls the on and off of multiple moving contact sliding units (1) in the two moving contact mechanisms, or independently controls the sliding switching of the two moving contact mechanisms between two adjacent static contacts (2), so as to achieve uninterrupted switching of the conductive connection between the two moving contact mechanisms and the multiple static contacts (2), so that all the static contacts (2) of the fast regulating switch are connected in pairs to form multiple voltage regulation gears; the multiple voltage regulation gears correspond to different voltage regulation targets; the voltage regulation amount of each voltage regulation gear is output from the two moving contact mechanisms, so as to achieve variable step voltage regulation.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The independent control of the on and off of a plurality of moving contact sliding units (1) in two moving contact mechanisms comprises: Based on different voltage regulation targets, determining the static contacts (2) that need to be conductively connected between the two moving contact mechanisms, recorded as static contacts to be connected; Based on each of the moving contact mechanisms, when one of the plurality of moving contact sliding units (1) in the moving contact mechanism is in contact with the to-be-connected static contact corresponding to the moving contact mechanism, the moving contact sliding unit (1) is recorded as a to-be-connected unit; The control device controls the closing of the controllable transition impedance (4) and the controllable switch (6) on the unit to be turned on, so that the unit to be turned on is conductively connected to the static contact to be connected, and the controllable transition impedance (4) and the controllable switch (6) on the remaining moving contact sliding units (1) in the moving contact mechanism are turned off, so that the conductive connection between the remaining moving contact sliding units (1) and the static contact (2) is disconnected.

12. A control system for a multi-state fast regulating switch, characterized in that: include: A control module is used to independently control the on and off of multiple moving contact sliding units (1) in two moving contact mechanisms through a control device based on different voltage regulation targets, or independently control the sliding switching of the two moving contact mechanisms between two adjacent static contacts (2), so as to achieve uninterrupted switching of the conductive connection between the two moving contact mechanisms and the multiple static contacts (2), so that the multiple input ends of the fast regulating switch are connected in pairs to form multiple voltage regulation gears; the multiple voltage regulation gears correspond to different voltage regulation targets; the voltage regulation amount of each voltage regulation gear is output from the two moving contact mechanisms, so as to achieve variable step voltage regulation.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor and memory; The memory and the processor are connected via a bus; The memory is used to store one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the at least one processor, the control method of the multi-state fast regulating switch as claimed in claim 10 or 11 is implemented.

14. A readable storage medium, characterized in that: An execution program is stored thereon, and when the execution program is executed, the control method of the multi-state fast regulating switch as claimed in claim 10 or 11 is implemented.

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