A semi-hard magnetic and permanent magnetic composite mechanism

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of the opening and closing mechanisms of vacuum circuit breakers, and discloses a semi-hard magnetic and permanent magnetic composite mechanism, which includes an integrated protective cover and a composite mechanism. On one side of the top of the protective cover housing, there is an optoelectronic switch mounting plate, on which an optoelectronic proximity switch is arranged. On the outer side of the protective cover housing, there are a wireless temperature measurement device and a vibration monitoring device, and the wireless temperature measurement device and the vibration monitoring device are electrically connected to a controller. The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: compared with the existing spring operating mechanism, the number of components is reduced by 90%, there is no need for mechanical tripping and locking devices, the failure rate of the mechanism is reduced, and the reaction speed is increased; the problems of large operating power, large volume, susceptibility to environmental influence, accidental tripping, and malfunction after magnetic force attenuation of the existing operating mechanism are solved, and it can still work normally during magnetic attenuation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of the opening and closing mechanism of vacuum circuit breakers, and specifically relates to a semi-hard magnetic and permanent magnetic composite mechanism. Background Technique

[0002] The circuit breaker is an indispensable protection device in the power system. Its main function is to cut off the circuit in time when a fault occurs in the power system, prevent the expansion of the circuit fault, and protect electrical equipment from greater losses. The operating mechanism is an important part of the circuit breaker. The opening and closing operating mechanisms of domestic vacuum circuit breakers are mainly divided into three categories: spring operating mechanism, permanent magnetic mechanism, and magnetic control mechanism. The spring operating mechanism uses the elastic deformation of the spring during the force application process to store energy as the energy source for driving the opening and closing of the mechanism, and finally acts on the moving contact of the vacuum interrupter through mechanical transmission to make the moving contact and the static contact close or separate to realize the on-off of the circuit; the permanent magnetic mechanism uses a permanent magnet to replace the energy storage spring in the spring operating mechanism. It mainly consists of a permanent magnet, a static iron core, an electromagnetic coil, and a moving iron core. When the mechanism needs to close, the coil is energized with a positive current to generate a magnetic field that is in the same direction as the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet, acting on the moving iron core to move the moving iron core in the closing direction and make the static iron core and the moving iron core come into contact. After the magnetic circuit is closed and the coil stops being energized, the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet is used to keep the mechanism in the closed position. When the mechanism opens, the coil is energized with a reverse current, generating a magnetic field direction opposite to the magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet, canceling the magnetic field of the permanent magnet, and then using the reaction force of the opening spring to separate the static and moving iron cores to complete the opening action; the magnetic control mechanism replaces the permanent magnet with static and moving iron cores made of magnetic materials, mainly consisting of static and moving iron cores and electromagnetic coils, and uses the magnetic properties generated after the magnetic materials are magnetized in the magnetic field to make the static and moving iron cores attract or separate.

[0003] At present, spring operating mechanisms are still widely used in the actual production of circuit breakers. Spring operating mechanisms rely on the elastic deformation of springs to store energy. The existing spring operating mechanisms require 15 s for energy storage. The time required for the closing operation to be completed is 25 ms - 60 ms, and the time required for the opening operation to be completed is 18 ms - 45 ms. In the event of a circuit fault, the mechanism may not be able to act in a timely manner with such closing and opening times; Spring operating mechanisms conduct action through mechanical transmission, and the number of components in a set of mechanisms reaches more than 200. The excessive number of components causes losses during the energy transfer process, and it is necessary to increase the stiffness of the energy storage spring. The existing spring operating mechanisms can be operated approximately 10,000 times. When the number of times the mechanism is opened and closed is excessive, the wear of the internal components of the mechanism is increased. In particular, the latching amount of the opening and closing pawls and the opening and closing retaining half shafts during operation is 1.5 - 2 mm, and the impact is more obvious. According to data statistics, spring operating mechanism failures account for 60% of the total failures of circuit breakers. Some problems also occur in the actual use of existing permanent magnet operating mechanisms. For example, the price of permanent magnet materials is relatively expensive. In order to make the magnetic force of the permanent magnet meet the use requirements, it is necessary to increase the volume of the permanent magnet, but this will increase the manufacturing cost. Moreover, limited by the size of the permanent magnet, the volume size will be restricted when designing the permanent magnet mechanism. In addition, the permanent magnet is greatly affected by vibration and ambient temperature. Existing magneto-controlled operating mechanisms have magnetic holding capabilities after being magnetized by magneto-controlled materials. However, in actual operation, they are greatly affected by the use environment. The static and moving iron cores are prone to demagnetization during use, resulting in insufficient magnetic holding force, and the phenomenon of accidental tripping will occur during the closing of the mechanism. The materials used for the static and moving iron cores are prone to rust, causing misoperation of the magneto-controlled operating mechanism. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a semi-hard magnetic and permanent magnet composite mechanism in view of the above deficiencies in the prior art.

[0005] To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a semi-hard magnetic and permanent magnet composite mechanism, including an integrated protective cover and a composite mechanism. The composite mechanism is arranged inside the integrated protective cover. The integrated protective cover includes a protective cover housing, a photoelectric proximity switch, a photoelectric switch mounting plate, a wireless temperature measurement device, and a vibration monitoring device. One side of the top of the protective cover housing is provided with a photoelectric switch mounting plate, and a photoelectric proximity switch is arranged on the photoelectric switch mounting plate. A wireless temperature measurement device and a vibration monitoring device are arranged on the outer side of the protective cover housing. The wireless temperature measurement device and the vibration monitoring device are electrically connected to a controller;

[0006] The composite mechanism includes a mounting link, a mounting plate, a static iron core, a permanent magnet, an outer static iron core, an electromagnetic coil, a moving iron core, a limiting plate, a guide rod, an adjusting sleeve, a shifting sleeve, and a copper sleeve. The static iron core is fixedly installed on the mounting plate by bolts, and the electromagnetic coil is fixedly installed on the static iron core. The mounting plate is connected to the limiting plate through the mounting link. The lifting lug bent plate is installed on the moving iron core. The moving iron core is provided with a limiting screw. The adjusting sleeve is threadedly connected to the moving iron core. The guide rod penetrates through the central holes of the mounting plate, the static iron core, and the moving iron core. The guide rod is connected to the insulating pull rod through a pin, and a contact spring is arranged between the guide rod and the insulating pull rod. The upper end of the insulating pull rod is connected to the vacuum interrupter through a double-headed screw. The adjusting sleeve is sleeved on the guide rod and is threadedly connected to the central hole of the moving iron core. The bottom surface of the adjusting sleeve fits against the shoulder of the guide rod.

[0007] Further: The vacuum interrupter includes a moving contact of the vacuum interrupter and a static contact of the vacuum interrupter. The static contact of the vacuum interrupter is arranged above the moving contact of the vacuum interrupter. The upper end of the insulating pull rod is connected to the moving contact of the vacuum interrupter through a double-headed screw.

[0008] Further: The permanent magnet is an N40 permanent magnet. The static iron core, the outer static iron core, and the moving iron core are all made of a semi-hard magnetic material of 2J21 iron-cobalt-molybdenum alloy.

[0009] Further: A device connecting plate is fixedly arranged on the mounting plate, and a heat dissipation device is arranged on the device connecting plate through screws.

[0010] Further: The shifting sleeve is sleeved on the guide rod. A limiting nut and a gasket are arranged at the bottom of the shifting sleeve. The lower bottom surface of the shifting sleeve fits against the top of the moving iron core.

[0011] Further: The copper sleeve is arranged on the guide rod, and the top of the copper sleeve fits against the inner top wall of the integrated protective cover.

[0012] Adopting the above technical solution, the present invention can bring the following beneficial effects:

[0013] This composite mechanism adopts a direct-acting transmission. Compared with existing spring operating mechanisms, the number of components is reduced by 90%. It does not require mechanical tripping and locking devices, reducing the failure rate of the mechanism and improving the reaction speed. It combines existing permanent magnet operating mechanisms and magnetically controlled operating mechanisms, solving problems such as large operating power, large volume, susceptibility to environmental influence, accidental tripping, and malfunction after magnetic force attenuation in existing operating mechanisms, and can still work normally during magnetic attenuation. The moving iron core, static iron core, and outer static iron core adopt iron-cobalt-molybdenum alloy, which has excellent heat treatment performance and machining performance. The surface phosphating process of the moving and static iron cores improves the corrosion resistance of the iron cores, ensuring that the iron cores will not rust during the service life of the mechanism. The integrated protective cover includes a wireless temperature measurement device and a vibration monitoring device, which can effectively monitor the internal temperature change and vibration of the mechanism. In case of abnormal vibration, maintenance planning can be arranged in advance according to the usage situation without affecting normal work. The heat dissipation device is combined with the wireless temperature measurement device, and the heat dissipation device can be started for cooling when the temperature rises, effectively reducing the influence of temperature on the permanent magnet and the iron core. The components and implementation methods for adjusting the overtravel and opening distance of the composite mechanism are simpler and more convenient compared with existing mechanisms. An optoelectronic proximity switch is added to replace the existing magnetic blow switch, and non-contact detection improves the service life and feedback efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overtravel and opening distance adjustment structure of the composite mechanism of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the general assembly structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated protective cover of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the heat dissipation device of the present invention;

[0019] In the figure: 101 - optoelectronic proximity switch, 102 - optoelectronic switch mounting plate, 201 - integrated protective cover, 202 - mounting connecting rod, 203 - mounting plate, 204 - static iron core, 205 - permanent magnet, 206 - outer static iron core, 207 - electromagnetic coil, 208 - moving iron core, 209 - limit plate, 210 - lifting lug bent plate, 301 - guide rod, 302 - contact spring, 303 - insulating pull rod, 304 - moving contact of vacuum interrupter, 305 - static contact of vacuum interrupter, 306 - adjusting sleeve, 307 - shifting sleeve, 308 - copper sleeve, 309 - limit screw, 401 - wireless temperature measurement device, 402 - vibration monitoring device, 501 - heat dissipation device, 502 - device connecting plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] Please refer to Figures 1 - 5 , an embodiment of the present invention is: a semi-hard magnetic and permanent magnetic composite mechanism, including an integrated protective cover 201 and a composite mechanism. The composite mechanism is arranged inside the integrated protective cover 201. The integrated protective cover 201 includes a protective cover housing, a photoelectric proximity switch 101, a photoelectric switch mounting plate 102, a wireless temperature measuring device 401, and a vibration monitoring device 402. A photoelectric switch mounting plate 102 is arranged on one side of the top of the protective cover housing. A photoelectric proximity switch 101 is arranged on the photoelectric switch mounting plate 102. A wireless temperature measuring device 401 and a vibration monitoring device 402 are arranged on the outer side of the protective cover housing. The wireless temperature measuring device 401 and the vibration monitoring device 402 are electrically connected to a controller;

[0022] Preferably, a vibration monitoring device 402 and a wireless temperature measuring device 401 are added inside the integrated protective cover 201, which can monitor in real time the influence of the vibration of the composite operating mechanism during operation on the magnetic force of the permanent magnet. A temperature sensor is integrated in the device to monitor in real time the temperature change inside the operating mechanism, so as to control the influence of temperature on the permanent magnet and the moving and static iron cores. In the present invention, a heat dissipation device 501 and a wireless temperature measuring device 401 are used in cooperation on the outside of the mechanism, so that the working temperature of the mechanism can be kept below 50 degrees Celsius, solving the problem that the existing permanent magnet / magnetic control operating mechanism has too high a temperature in a high-temperature environment in summer due to being sealed in the mechanism box.

[0023] The composite mechanism includes a mounting link 202, a mounting plate 203, a static iron core 204, a permanent magnet 205, an outer static iron core 206, an electromagnetic coil 207, a moving iron core 208, a limit plate 209, a lug bent plate 210, a guide rod 301, an adjusting sleeve 306, a shifting sleeve 307, and a copper sleeve 308. The static iron core 204 is fixedly installed on the mounting plate 203 by bolts, and the electromagnetic coil 207 is fixedly installed on the static iron core 204. The mounting plate 203 is connected to the limit plate 209 through the mounting link 202. The lug bent plate 210 is installed on the moving iron core 208. The moving iron core 208 is equipped with a limit screw 309. The adjusting sleeve 306 is threadedly connected to the moving iron core 208. The guide rod 301 passes through the central holes of the mounting plate 203, the static iron core 204, and the moving iron core 208. The guide rod 301 is connected to an insulating pull rod 303 through a pin. A contact spring 302 is arranged between the guide rod 301 and the insulating pull rod 303. The upper end of the insulating pull rod 303 is connected to a vacuum interrupter through a double-headed screw. The adjusting sleeve 306 is sleeved on the guide rod 301 and is threadedly connected to the central hole of the moving iron core 208. The bottom surface of the adjusting sleeve 306 abuts against the shoulder of the guide rod 301.

[0024] Preferably, a photoelectric proximity switch 101 is added to the limit plate in the present invention to replace the existing magnetic blow switch, and non-contact detection is adopted to improve the service life. It solves the problem that most of the on-off position detections of the existing permanent magnet operating mechanisms use magnetic blow switches. However, the permanent magnet operating mechanism has a fast closing and opening speed and a large force. The contacts of the magnetic blow switch generally directly contact the iron core, and will be damaged during use.

[0025] The vacuum interrupter includes a vacuum interrupter moving contact 304 and a vacuum interrupter static contact 305. The upper end of the insulating pull rod 303 is connected to the vacuum interrupter moving contact 304 through a double-headed screw. The vacuum interrupter static contact 305 is arranged above the vacuum interrupter moving contact 304.

[0026] The permanent magnet 205 is selected as an N40 permanent magnet. The static iron core 204, the outer static iron core 206, and the moving iron core 208 are all made of semi-hard magnetic material of 2J21 iron-cobalt-molybdenum alloy.

[0027] Preferably, the materials of the moving and static iron cores are changed to semi-hard magnetic material of iron-cobalt-molybdenum alloy. The materials of the moving and static iron cores of the existing permanent magnet operating mechanisms are generally 20# steel, 45# steel, etc., which belong to soft magnetic materials. They are magnetized when the coil is energized, and the electromagnetic force disappears when the coil is de-energized and do not have the magnetic holding ability. However, the iron-cobalt-molybdenum alloy will not immediately lose its magnetic force after magnetization and has the magnetic holding ability.

[0028] A device connecting plate 502 is fixedly arranged on the mounting plate 203. The device connecting plate 502 is provided with a heat dissipation device 501 through screws.

[0029] The shifting sleeve 307 is sleeved on the guide rod 301. A limit nut and a gasket are arranged at the bottom of the shifting sleeve 307. The lower bottom surface of the shifting sleeve 307 is in contact with the top of the moving iron core 208.

[0030] The copper sleeve 308 is arranged on the guide rod 301. The top of the copper sleeve 308 is in contact with the inner top wall of the integrated protective cover 201.

[0031] Preferably, an integrated protective cover 201 is added outside the mechanism, which can effectively prevent dust and fine particles in the box from entering the permanent magnet, the inside of the moving and static iron cores, and the joint surface, interfering with the magnetic circuit and causing the closing operation to fail to complete.

[0032] Working principle: A component for adjusting the overtravel and opening distance of a composite mechanism and specific operation steps. For the adjustment of the overtravel and opening distance of this composite mechanism, the entire mechanism is kept in a locked state by nuts, spring washers, and flat washers. After the insulating pull rod 303 and its accessories are assembled, they are connected through the guide rod 301. Then, this permanent magnet mechanism is placed on the mounting seat of the mechanism box, and the guide rod 301 passes through the center of the composite mechanism and is fixed with bolts. After the above operations are completed, the electromagnetic coil 207 is energized to keep the mechanism in the closing state, and the distance from the top end of the guide rod 301 to the plane of the box opening is measured to obtain the initial installation dimension. Then, accessories such as the adjusting sleeve 306, the shifting sleeve, and the nut gasket are assembled. Then, a reverse current is applied to the electromagnetic coil 207 to make the mechanism trip, that is, the moving contact 304 and the static contact 305 of the vacuum interrupter in the vacuum interrupter are separated. The distance from the top end of the guide rod 301 to the plane of the box opening is measured, and then the mechanism is closed again for measurement. At this time, the distance from the top surface of the guide rod 301 to the plane of the box opening is measured, and then the nuts, the shifting sleeve, the gaskets and other parts can be removed. By comparing with the usage requirements of the mechanism based on the previous set of data, the height of the adjusting sleeve 306 relative to the top surface of the static iron core 204 is adjusted, the distance between the moving contact 304 and the static contact 305 of the vacuum interrupter in the vacuum interrupter is changed, and the distribution of the overtravel and opening distance of the mechanism is controlled.

[0033] The permanent magnet 205 uses an N40 permanent magnet, and the iron core uses a semi-hard magnetic material, the 2J21 Fe-Co-Mo alloy. When the mechanism closes, the electromagnetic coil 207 conducts a positive current to generate a magnetic field that is in the same direction as the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 205. At the same time, the static iron core 204, the outer static iron core 206, and the moving iron core 208 made of semi-hard magnetic alloy are excited. Under the combined action of the suction forces of the permanent magnet 205 and the static iron core 204, the outer static iron core 206, and the moving iron core 208, it reaches the closing position. The moving iron core 208 drives the guide rod 301 to move in the closing direction. The guide rod 301 is connected to the insulating pull rod 303 through a cylindrical pin and drives the insulating pull rod 303 to move in the closing direction. The insulating pull rod 303 is fixedly connected to the moving contact 304 of the vacuum interrupter by means of a threaded connection, driving the moving contact 304 of the vacuum interrupter and the static contact 305 of the vacuum interrupter to come into contact. After the magnetic field line is closed and the electromagnetic coil 207 stops being energized, the magnetic force generated by the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 205 and the suction force of the static and moving iron cores are used to keep the outer static iron core 206, the static iron core 204, and the moving iron core 208 in the closing position. During the opening operation, the electromagnetic coil 207 conducts a reverse current to generate a magnetic field that is opposite to the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 205. At the same time, the static iron core 204, the outer static iron core 206, and the moving iron core 208 made of semi-hard magnetic alloy are demagnetized. Under the reaction force generated by the opening spring, the permanent magnet 205 and the static iron core 204, the outer static iron core 206, and the moving iron core 208 separate and reach the opening position. The moving iron core 208 drives the guide rod 301 to move in the opening direction. The guide rod 301 is connected to the insulating pull rod 303 through a cotter pin and drives the insulating pull rod 303 to move in the opening direction. The insulating pull rod 303 is fixedly connected to the moving contact 304 of the vacuum interrupter by means of a threaded connection, driving the moving contact 304 of the vacuum interrupter and the static contact 305 of the vacuum interrupter to separate. After the magnetic field line is disconnected and the electromagnetic coil 207 stops being energized, it is kept in the opening position by the reaction force of the opening spring.

[0034] Existing permanent magnet mechanisms rely on the magnetic force of permanent magnets to keep the mechanism in the closing position. The material of the moving iron core 208 uses pure iron for electrical engineering, 45 steel, 20 steel, Q235 steel, etc. These materials belong to soft magnetic materials and the magnetism will disappear after removing the external magnetic field. The moving and static iron cores of the present invention use the semi-hard magnetic material Fe-Co-Mo alloy. This alloy material has excellent magnetization performance and has a certain magnetization retention ability after the external magnetic field disappears, which can additionally increase the holding force to meet the use requirements.

[0035] The integrated protective cover 201 includes a wireless temperature measurement device 401 and a vibration monitoring device 402, which can effectively monitor the temperature change and vibration condition inside the mechanism. In case of abnormal vibration, the maintenance plan can be arranged in advance according to the usage situation without affecting the normal work. The heat dissipation device 501 is combined with the wireless temperature measurement device 401, and the heat dissipation device 501 can be started for temperature reduction when the temperature rises, effectively reducing the influence of temperature on the permanent magnet 205 and the iron core. Most of the existing permanent magnet operating mechanisms detect the opening and closing positions by using magnetic blow switches. However, the permanent magnet operating mechanism has a fast closing and opening speed and a large force. The contacts of the magnetic blow switch are generally in direct contact with the iron core and will be damaged during use. In the present invention, the optoelectronic proximity switch 101 is used to replace the existing magnetic blow switch, and the non-contact detection improves the service life.

[0036] After the insulating pull rod 303 and its accessories are assembled, they are connected through the guide rod 301. Then, the composite mechanism is placed on the mounting seat inside the mechanism box, and the guide rod 301 passes through the center of the composite mechanism and is fixed with bolts. After the above operations are completed, a positive current is applied to the electromagnetic coil to keep the composite mechanism in the closing state, and ensure that the height from the plane of the guide rod 301 to the bottom surface of the mechanism box is 90 mm. The distance from the top surface of the guide rod 301 to the plane of the mechanism box opening is measured to obtain the initial installation dimension. Then, the adjusting sleeve 306, the shifting sleeve 307, the nut gasket and other accessories are assembled. Then, a reverse current is applied to the electromagnetic coil 207 to make the composite mechanism open and close dozens of times for running-in. After simple running-in, the distance from the top of the guide rod 301 to the plane of the mechanism box opening is measured when the composite mechanism is in the closing state. Then, the mechanism is opened again, and the distance from the top surface of the guide rod 301 to the plane of the mechanism box opening is measured at this time. The measured 、 、 , the overtravel is calculated , the opening distance . According to the measured overtravel and opening distance, the nut, the shifting sleeve 307, the gasket and other parts can be removed immediately, and the distance from the upper plane of the adjusting sleeve 306 to the moving iron core 208 is adjusted to distribute the overtravel. By comparing with the previous set of data according to the usage requirements of the mechanism, the distribution of the overtravel and opening distance of the mechanism is controlled.

[0037] Embodiment: First, use an N40 permanent magnet to replace the material of the moving and static cores in the operating mechanism with a semi-hard magnetic material 2J21 iron-cobalt-molybdenum alloy to manufacture a composite operating mechanism. After searching the data, the parameters of the N40 permanent magnet can be obtained, and the magnetic induction intensity B=1.26T. According to the formula: F=ni(1+k)P+Mg+f, n is the number of phases of the permanent magnetic operating mechanism connected to the vacuum circuit breaker, 1 for single-phase and 3 for three-phase; i is the transmission ratio of the transmission system; k is the safety factor, which is generally between 0.1-0.3 according to experience; P is the pressure required for the contact, N; M is the mass of the moving part of the permanent magnetic operating mechanism, kg; g is the acceleration of gravity, unit N / kg; f is the spring force of the opening spring in the closing position, N; select a 10KV vacuum interrupter, and after calculation, the holding force of the composite operating mechanism is set at 3600N; after checking the magnetization curve of 2J21 iron-cobalt-molybdenum alloy, select , according to Maxwell's electromagnetic force formula: Calculate the magnetic permeability area of ​​the moving iron core mm², the shape and size of the moving iron core are finally determined based on the above calculations.

[0038] According to the formula: , IN is the magnetomotive force, H; is the vacuum permeability, H / m; is the magnetic flux density of the working air gap, T; is the air gap between the moving iron core and the stationary iron core, m; is the magnetic flux density of the non-working air gap, T; is the air gap between the magnetic conductive surface of the static iron core and the magnetic conductive surface inside the permanent magnet, m; is the air gap between the magnetic conductive surface of the static iron core and the magnetic conductive surface of the permanent magnet, m. After calculating the value of the magnetomotive force IN, use , L is the thickness of the permanent magnet, H is the magnetic field strength, and finally it was determined that a total of 31 N40 permanent magnets with a thickness of 5mm, a height of 18mm, and a width of 10mm were used. , is the number of turns of the electromagnetic coil, is the peak value of the coil current, and the required electromagnetic coil parameters for the magnetic holding force of the dynamic and static iron cores of the composite mechanism are calculated. The required number of turns is 2640 turns.

[0039] Create a model in the electromagnetic module of the simulation software COMSOL, adjust the magnetic force of the permanent magnet to 15% of the initial value, and simulate that the composite mechanism can still perform closing and opening operations after the magnetic force of the permanent magnet decays by 15%. Conduct simulation. The semi-hard magnetic and permanent magnet composite mechanism fully meets the usage requirements. Compared with the existing permanent magnet operating mechanism, the composite mechanism can still work normally when the magnetic force of the permanent magnet decays by 10% at the same time. According to the measurement, the closing current of the single-phase composite mechanism is not greater than 6 A, the opening current is not greater than 2 A, the three-phase closing current is not greater than 20 A, and the three-phase opening current is not greater than 6 A. At the same time, compare the volume and weight of the composite mechanism with the existing mechanism.

[0040] In summary, this mechanism adopts a direct-acting transmission. Compared with the existing spring operating mechanism, the number of components is reduced by 90%. There is no need for mechanical tripping and locking devices, which reduces the failure rate of the mechanism and improves the reaction speed; it combines the existing permanent magnet operating mechanism and the magnetic control operating mechanism, solves the problems of large operating power, large volume, susceptibility to environmental influence, accidental tripping, and malfunction after magnetic force decay of the existing operating mechanism, and can still work normally during magnetic decay; the moving iron core, static iron core, and outer static iron core are made of iron-cobalt-molybdenum alloy. This material has excellent heat treatment performance and machining performance. The phosphating process on the surface of the moving and static iron cores improves the corrosion resistance of the iron core, ensuring that the iron core will not rust during the service life of the mechanism; the integrated protective cover includes a wireless temperature measurement device and a vibration monitoring device, which can effectively monitor the temperature change and vibration situation inside the mechanism. In case of abnormal vibration, the maintenance plan can be arranged in advance according to the usage situation without affecting normal work; the heat dissipation device is combined with the wireless temperature measurement device, and the heat dissipation device can be started for cooling when the temperature rises, effectively reducing the influence of temperature on the permanent magnet and the iron core; the components and implementation methods for adjusting the over-travel and opening distance of the composite mechanism are simpler and more convenient compared with the existing mechanism; an optoelectronic proximity switch is added to replace the existing magnetic blow switch, and the non-contact detection improves the service life and feedback efficiency.

[0041] The present invention provides a semi-hard magnetic and permanent magnet composite mechanism. There are many methods and ways to specifically implement this technical solution. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and retouches can be made, and these improvements and retouches should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. Each component not clearly defined in this embodiment can be realized by the existing technology.

Claims

1. A semi-hard magnetic and permanent magnetic composite mechanism, comprising an integrated protective cover (201) and a composite mechanism, the composite mechanism being disposed inside the integrated protective cover (201), characterized in that: The integrated protective cover (201) includes a protective cover housing, a photoelectric proximity switch (101), a photoelectric switch mounting plate (102), a wireless temperature measurement device (401), and a vibration monitoring device (402). On one side of the top of the protective cover housing, there is a photoelectric switch mounting plate (102). A photoelectric proximity switch (101) is arranged on the photoelectric switch mounting plate (102). A wireless temperature measurement device (401) and a vibration monitoring device (402) are arranged on the outer side of the protective cover housing. The wireless temperature measurement device (401) and the vibration monitoring device (402) are electrically connected to a controller; The composite mechanism includes a mounting link (202), a mounting plate (203), a static iron core (204), a permanent magnet (205), an outer static iron core (206), an electromagnetic coil (207), a moving iron core (208), a limiting plate (209), a lifting lug bent plate (210), a guide rod (301), an adjusting sleeve (306), a shifting sleeve (307), and a copper sleeve (308). The static iron core (204) is fixedly installed on the mounting plate (203) by bolts, and an electromagnetic coil (207) is fixedly installed on the static iron core (204). The mounting plate (203) is connected to the limiting plate (209) through the mounting link (202). The lifting lug bent plate (210) is installed on the moving iron core (208). A limiting screw (309) is installed on the moving iron core (208). The adjusting sleeve (306) is threadedly connected to the moving iron core (208). The guide rod (301) passes through the central holes of the mounting plate (203), the static iron core (204), and the moving iron core (208); The guide rod (301) is connected to an insulating pull rod (303) through a pin, and a contact spring (302) is arranged between the guide rod (301) and the insulating pull rod (303). The upper end of the insulating pull rod (303) is connected to a vacuum interrupter through a double-headed screw. The adjusting sleeve (306) is sleeved on the guide rod (301), and the adjusting sleeve (306) is threadedly connected to the central hole of the moving iron core (208). The bottom surface of the adjusting sleeve (306) is in contact with the shoulder of the guide rod (301); The permanent magnet (205) is an N40 permanent magnet; The static iron core (204), the outer static iron core (206), and the moving iron core (208) are all made of semi-hard magnetic materials of 2J21 iron-cobalt-molybdenum alloy.

2. A semi-hard magnetic and permanent magnetic composite mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum interrupter includes a vacuum interrupter moving contact (304) and a vacuum interrupter static contact (305). The vacuum interrupter static contact (305) is arranged above the vacuum interrupter moving contact (304); The upper end of the insulating pull rod (303) is connected to the vacuum interrupter moving contact (304) through a double-headed screw.

3. A semi-hard magnetic and permanent magnetic composite mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A device connecting plate (502) is fixedly arranged on the mounting plate (203), and a heat dissipation device (501) is arranged on the device connecting plate (502) through screws.

4. A semi-hard magnetic and permanent magnetic composite mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shifting sleeve (307) is sleeved on the guide rod (301). A limiting nut and a gasket are arranged at the bottom of the shifting sleeve (307). The lower bottom surface of the shifting sleeve (307) is in contact with the top of the moving iron core (208).

5. A semi-hard magnetic and permanent magnetic composite mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The copper sleeve (308) is arranged on the guide rod (301), and the top of the copper sleeve (308) is in contact with the inner top wall of the integrated protective cover (201).

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