Drying and separating equipment for preparing animal-derived feed

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of animal-derived feed drying and separation, in particular to drying and separating equipment for animal-derived feed preparation, which comprises a drying tank, a core is coaxially arranged in the drying tank, and the side wall of the core is connected with the inner wall of the drying tank through a plurality of connecting blocks; a gap between the top end of the core body and the inner wall of the drying tank forms a secondary mixing cavity, a gap between the side wall of the core body and the inner wall of the drying tank forms a heat preservation cavity, and a gap between the bottom of the core body and the inner wall of the drying tank forms a negative pressure cavity. According to the material drying device, sprayed materials can be separated according to the particle size, different drying modes are adopted for the materials with different sizes, and the overall quality of the dried materials is ensured while the efficiency is ensured; and meanwhile, the pressure gradient and temperature gradient design is adopted in the stroke of dry airflow, the dust leakage is restrained, the drying rate is increased, and energy consumption and heat efficiency are balanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drying and separating animal-derived feeds, and particularly relates to a drying and separating device for preparing animal-derived feeds. Background Art

[0002] As an unconventional animal-derived feed, the conventional preparation process of blood meal includes clotting, high-temperature cooking, juice removal, drying, and pulverization. The overall steps are relatively complex and time-consuming. In this regard, the existing preparation process uses spray drying technology to directly spray-dry blood to obtain blood meal, with high preparation efficiency and simple processes.

[0003] Currently, the spray drying process of blood meal is mainly carried out in a single-channel manner, and its drying speed still needs to be improved. During the drying process, the specific surface areas of large particle blood meal and small particle blood meal generated after spraying are significantly different, resulting in different drying efficiencies and times. Therefore, when drying blood meal in a single-channel manner, the following problems exist: 1. The existing drying method of blood meal is difficult to distinguish and dry large particle blood meal and small particle blood meal, thus affecting the quality of the dried blood meal. That is, if the high-temperature drying time is too short, the water content of the large particle blood meal is relatively high and the drying is insufficient, which is likely to cause problems such as caking or mildew. If the high-temperature drying time is too long, the protein in the small particle blood meal will denature, the Maillard reaction will intensify, and products that are difficult to absorb will be generated, further reducing the nutritional value of the feed. At the same time, it also causes the overall moisture of the feed to be too low and the palatability to decrease; 2. As the water in the blood meal evaporates, the humidity of the hot air flow gradually increases, which in turn will reduce the dryness of the blood meal and thus affect the drying effect of the feed powder. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that the existing drying method of blood meal is difficult to distinguish and dry large particle blood meal and small particle blood meal, thus affecting the quality of the dried blood meal, the present invention provides a drying and separating device for preparing animal-derived feeds.

[0005] The drying and separating device for preparing animal-derived feeds provided by the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A drying and separating device for preparing animal-derived feeds includes a drying tank, and a core body is coaxially arranged in the drying tank. The side wall of the core body is connected to the inner wall of the drying tank through a plurality of connecting blocks; the gap between the top end of the core body and the inner wall of the drying tank forms a secondary mixing chamber, the gap between the side wall of the core body and the inner wall of the drying tank forms a heat preservation chamber, and the gap between the bottom of the core body and the inner wall of the drying tank forms a negative pressure chamber;

[0007] A high-temperature and high-pressure chamber is provided at the lower part of the inner cavity of the core body. A plurality of discharge ports communicating with the negative-pressure chamber are provided on the outer side of the lower end of the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber. The upper end of the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber communicates with a drying and separating chamber. The drying and separating chamber is a frustum-shaped cavity with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part. The upper end of the drying and separating chamber communicates with an exhaust passage extending upward. The exhaust passage communicates with the secondary mixing chamber through a plurality of exhaust holes; a guide rod is fixedly provided at the bottom of the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber, and a spoiler is provided at the upper end of the guide rod and located at the lower part of the inner cavity of the drying and separating chamber; a first hot air pipe and a negative-pressure pipe are provided on the side wall of the drying tank. The first hot air pipe passes through the lower part of the core body and extends to the lower side of the spoiler, and the negative-pressure pipe extends into the negative-pressure chamber; a second hot air pipe is provided at the top of the drying tank, and the second hot air pipe communicates with the secondary mixing chamber; an atomizing nozzle facing the spoiler is provided at the upper part of the inner cavity of the drying and separating chamber, and the atomizing nozzle is communicated with an external feeding device outside the drying tank through a feeding pipe.

[0008] Before use, hot air at 85 - 95 °C is pre-introduced into the inner cavity of the drying tank through the second hot air pipe, so as to preheat the inside and outside of the core body. The negative-pressure pipe is started to form a unidirectional flowing hot air in the drying tank, forcing the air flow to flow in a fixed direction. At the same time, a stable drying environment is constructed outside the core body to avoid reducing the drying speed and effect due to heat loss during the drying process; then high-temperature and high-pressure gas at 150 - 180 °C is introduced into the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber of the core body through the first hot air pipe. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas flows upward and blows towards the spoiler. At this time, the feeding pipe and the atomizing nozzle spray atomized materials towards one side of the spoiler. The materials hit the spoiler and are further atomized, and then move towards the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber along the gap between the spoiler and the drying and separating chamber, so as to just collide with the upward flowing high-temperature and high-pressure gas. After the misty materials collide with the high-temperature and high-pressure gas, they are further refined, and then the moisture of the materials is quickly evaporated. Due to the design of the spoiler with a larger middle part and smaller upper and lower ends, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is disturbed here. Part of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas moves towards the outside of the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber and flows downward after being affected by the upper wall of the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber, while another part of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas flows towards the exhaust passage after being throttled by the drying and separating chamber. Since the inertial forces of large-particle materials, small-particle materials and gas are inconsistent, when the direction and magnitude of the velocity of the gas with materials change, the materials and the gas will be separated, that is, the large-particle materials will move towards the outside of the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber along with part of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas and fall into the bottom of the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber and be discharged from the discharge port, while the small-particle materials will enter the exhaust passage along with the drying air flow.

[0009] Subsequently, the small particle materials enter the secondary mixing chamber with the gas through the exhaust holes and are secondarily mixed with the hot air injected by the second hot air pipe. Since most of the drying process of the materials occurs in the drying and separation chamber, the humidity of the drying gas in the exhaust passage will increase and the temperature will decrease. Along with the slow drying process in the exhaust passage, the humidity will further increase and the temperature will further decrease. Therefore, the drying gas entering the secondary mixing chamber has a relatively high humidity and a relatively low temperature. At this time, the small particle materials are prone to adsorbing the residual moisture or steam in the drying gas during the drying process, resulting in an increase in the moisture content and affecting the drying process of the small particle materials. Therefore, the hot air injected by the second hot air pipe is used to converge with the drying air flow, reducing the humidity of the drying air flow, avoiding the influence of the humidity of the drying air flow on the drying degree of the small particle materials, improving the drying effect of the small particle materials, and at the same time slightly increasing the temperature of the drying air flow to prevent the formation of droplets and adhesion on the inner wall of the drying tank.

[0010] Then, the dried air flow after secondary drying moves through the heat preservation chamber to the negative pressure chamber and is discharged from the negative pressure pipe after being separated from the small particle materials. The dried small particle materials are mixed with the large particle materials and discharged from below the drying tank. By reasonably designing the drying stroke of the materials, it is ensured that the temperature of the drying air flow discharged from the negative pressure chamber is 55 - 75 °C, and the temperature of the materials leaving the tank is 50 - 55 °C.

[0011] Due to the throttling and turbulence effect of the turbulence shuttle, the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber is actually isolated into an independent environment with a certain high pressure and high temperature, so that the large particle materials inside can be dried for a relatively long time, thus ensuring a good drying effect of the large particle materials. The high-pressure environment can maintain the compactness of the materials, reducing the probability of crushing or deformation, thereby improving the palatability. At the same time, the high-pressure environment can cooperate with the high-pressure environment to effectively kill the microorganisms in the materials and prevent mildew. At the same time, during the drying of the materials, the separation of large and small particles is realized, enabling the small particle materials to quickly move away from the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber by using the throttling effect of the drying and separation chamber, avoiding the denaturation of proteins in the small particle materials due to too long drying time.

[0012] Through the setting of the negative pressure pipe, a negative pressure environment can be formed in the heat preservation chamber and the negative pressure chamber, which can not only form a pressure gradient design in the drying tank, forcing the air flow to flow directionally, ensuring that the small particle materials only flow through the preset channels and avoiding powder leakage at the equipment interfaces or observation windows, but also reducing the boiling point of water, enabling the water in the small particle materials to evaporate quickly at a lower temperature, protecting the protein activity while reducing energy consumption and improving the quality of the dried small particle materials. At the same time, a gradient design of the inlet air temperature (150 - 180 °C) and the exhaust air temperature (55 - 75 °C) is formed on the flow track of the drying gas, further improving the thermal energy utilization rate.

[0013] It should be noted that in actual production, the feed pipe can pass through part of the second hot air pipe and then extend into the exhaust passage. In this way, the hot air in the second hot air pipe can be used to preheat the materials in the feed pipe. After preheating, the temperature of the materials is generally 20-25°C, thereby improving the subsequent drying efficiency.

[0014] In summary, by adopting the above technical solutions, it is possible to separate the particle sizes of the materials after spraying and adopt different drying methods for materials of different sizes, ensuring the overall quality of the dried materials while ensuring efficiency; at the same time, a pressure gradient and a temperature gradient are designed in the travel of the drying air flow to suppress the leakage of dust while increasing the drying rate and balancing energy consumption and thermal efficiency.

[0015] Optionally, a collection hopper is provided below the negative pressure chamber. The lower end of the collection hopper is connected to a storage box, and a discharge pipe is provided at the lower end of the storage box. Removable sealing plates are provided at the lower end of the collection hopper and on the discharge pipe.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solutions, during drying, the sealing performance of the entire drying tank is distinguished by inserting the sealing plate of the discharge pipe, and then the dried materials are collected by using the collection hopper and the storage box; after being filled, the material is discharged by inserting the sealing plate at the lower end of the collection hopper and opening the lower sealing plate, without the need to stop drying, avoiding interference with the drying process during the discharging process and realizing continuous production.

[0017] Optionally, a self-inverting discharging structure is provided at the lower part of the core body at the discharging port, and the self-inverting discharging structure is located between the adjacent connecting blocks below; the self-inverting discharging structure includes an arc-shaped cavity communicating with the discharging port. The sides of the arc-shaped cavity facing the heat preservation cavity and the negative pressure cavity are both open. A rotating shaft is provided in the arc-shaped cavity, and a plurality of blades are provided on the rotating shaft; the blades can sequentially pass through the discharging port, the heat preservation cavity and the negative pressure cavity during rotation. The discharging port is located outside the rotating shaft, and the blades on both the inner and outer sides of the discharging port are always in sliding seal with the inner wall of the arc-shaped cavity.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solutions, with the setting of the self-inverting discharging structure, it is possible to ensure that large-particle materials can be smoothly discharged from the high-temperature and high-pressure cavity to the negative pressure cavity automatically while keeping the high-temperature and high-pressure cavity and the negative pressure cavity in a non-connected state, avoiding interference with the directional flow of the drying air flow; since the blades on both the inner and outer sides of the discharging port are always in sliding seal with the inner wall of the arc-shaped cavity, after the materials fall into the closed cavity formed by the adjacent blades on both sides through the discharging port, due to the eccentric action of the materials, the blades can be automatically rotated around the rotating shaft under the action of gravity, thus realizing automatic discharging and avoiding blockage of the discharging port; when the drying air flow in the heat preservation cavity moves downward, it will also assist the rotation of the blades, and the pressure difference between the high-temperature and high-pressure cavity and the negative pressure cavity will further push the blades to rotate, thereby ensuring the automatic and rapid discharging of large-particle materials.

[0019] Optionally, a plurality of groups of turbulence cavities are arranged at intervals along the airflow travel direction on the exhaust channel, the outer diameter of the turbulence cavity is larger than the outer diameter of the exhaust channel, and a plurality of blanking channels connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure cavity are arranged outside the turbulence cavity.

[0020] Since some large particles will still enter the exhaust channel along with the drying airflow during drying in the drying separation chamber, multiple groups of turbulent chambers are arranged. Since the outer diameter of the turbulent chamber is larger than the outer diameter of the exhaust channel, turbulence can be formed in the turbulent chamber, which promotes the separation of gas and large particles in the turbulent chamber. The separated large particles re-enter the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber for drying through the blanking channel, thereby ensuring the drying effect.

[0021] Optionally, the outer diameter of the spoiler cavity gradually increases along the airflow traveling direction, and the blanking channels on adjacent spoiler cavities are staggered.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the staggered arrangement is used to prevent large particles of material in the upper spoiler cavity from entering the lower spoiler cavity and accumulating to block the corresponding material drop channel.

[0023] Optionally, a separation hood mounted on the outside of the guide rod is provided in the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber, and the first hot air pipe extends to the lower part of the inner cavity of the separation hood; the upper part of the separation hood surrounds the lower part of the diversion shuttle, and there is a distance between the upper end of the separation hood and the top of the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber; the material dropping channels are all located on the outward side above the separation hood.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution and utilizing the separation hood, the large particles falling from the material dropping channel all fall into the high-temperature and high-pressure cavity outside the separation hood, thereby avoiding the problem of over-drying caused by secondary contact with the high-temperature air flow ejected from the first hot air pipe.

[0025] Optionally, a guide cover which is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom is provided in the separation cover below the diversion shuttle, and a plurality of guide holes matching the guide cover are provided at the lower end of the separation cover.

[0026] By adopting the above technical scheme and utilizing the setting of the guide hood, on the one hand, the high-temperature airflow ejected from the first hot air pipe can be guided to the diverter shuttle through the gradually converging inner wall, thereby improving the turbulence and throttling effect of the diverter shuttle; on the other hand, after drying and separation at the diverter shuttle, some large particles will fall into the separation hood and cannot be discharged from the discharge port. Therefore, the guide hood can be used to guide these large particles through the guide holes to the discharge port for discharge, thereby avoiding the problem of accumulated materials in the separation hood that cannot be discharged, and also avoiding the problem of excessive accumulation of materials affecting the air intake of the first hot air pipe and thus affecting the overall drying effect.

[0027] Optionally, an adjustment cavity is provided inside the flow dividing shuttle. A fixing block is fixedly arranged on a guide rod inside the adjustment cavity, and the fixing block is directly connected to the lower wall of the adjustment cavity through a spring.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, with the arrangement of the fixing block and the spring, the flow dividing shuttle can slide up and down along the guide rod. Furthermore, by changing the injection pressure of the first hot air pipe, the position of the flow dividing shuttle can be adaptively adjusted, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the drying air flow and the drying time of the material in the drying and separating cavity, and balancing the drying effects of large-particle materials and small-particle materials.

[0029] Optionally, spiral fins are arranged on the outer side of the upper part of the core body.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, a cyclone is formed at the heat preservation cavity by the spiral fins to preliminarily separate the dried air flow and small-particle materials after secondary drying.

[0031] Optionally, a vertical pipe extending downward is arranged in the middle of the lower end of the core body, and the negative pressure pipe passes through the side wall of the vertical pipe and extends to the upper part of the inner cavity of the vertical pipe.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solution, the vertical pipe is used to isolate the inner port of the negative pressure pipe, preventing the falling materials from being accidentally sucked into the negative pressure pipe and causing damage. At the same time, it can also separate the dried materials from the gas to complete the drying process.

[0033] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0034] 1. By adopting the above technical solution, it is possible to separate the materials after spraying according to the particle size and adopt different drying methods for materials of different sizes, ensuring the overall quality of the dried materials while ensuring efficiency. At the same time, a pressure gradient and a temperature gradient are designed in the travel of the drying air flow to suppress the leakage of dust while increasing the drying rate and balancing the energy consumption and thermal efficiency.

[0035] 2. With the arrangement of the sealing plate, it is possible to ensure the airtight environment inside the drying tank while avoiding the interference of the unloading process on the drying process and realizing continuous production;

[0036] 3. With the arrangement of the self-turning unloading structure, it is possible to ensure that the large-particle materials can be smoothly unloaded from the high-temperature and high-pressure cavity to the negative pressure cavity automatically and quickly, and at the same time keep the high-temperature and high-pressure cavity and the negative pressure cavity in a non-connected state to avoid disturbing the directional flow of the drying air flow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the present invention in the main viewing direction;

[0038] Figure 2 is a partial perspective sectional view of the drying tank of the present invention in the main viewing direction;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a front view sectional view of the drying tank in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 is Figure 3 The partial enlarged view of part A in

[0041] Figure 5 is Figure 3 The partial enlarged view of part B in

[0042] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the flow of materials and air flow in the high-temperature and high-pressure cavity in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a bottom view sectional view of the negative pressure pipe in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 It is a bottom view sectional view of the guiding cover in the present invention.

[0045] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0046] 1. Support feet; 2. Drying tank; 21. First hot air pipe; 22. Second hot air pipe; 23. Negative pressure pipe; 24. Discharge pipe; 25. Secondary mixing cavity; 26. Heat preservation cavity; 27. Negative pressure cavity; 28. Collection hopper; 29. Storage box; 3. Feed pipe; 4. Self-tipping discharging structure; 41. Rotating shaft; 42. Blades; 43. Arc cavity; 44. Discharge port; 5. Turbulence shuttle; 51. Adjusting cavity; 52. Fixed block; 53. Spring; 54. Guide rod; 6. Atomizing nozzle; 7. Guiding cover; 71. Guiding hole; 8. Core body; 81. High-temperature and high-pressure cavity; 82. Separation cover; 83. Drying and separation cavity; 84. Exhaust passage; 85. Exhaust hole; 86. Turbulence cavity; 861. Material dropping passage; 87. Spiral fins; 88. Connecting block; 89. Vertical pipe. Detailed implementation manners

[0047] The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the attached Figure 1 - Figure 8 drawings.

[0048] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a drying and separating device for preparing animal-derived feed.

[0049] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation on the present invention.

[0050] Referring to Figure 1 - Figure 8 , a drying and separating device for preparing animal-derived feed, a drying and separating device for preparing animal-derived feed, comprising a drying tank 2, a core body 8 is coaxially arranged in the drying tank 2, and the side wall of the core body 8 is connected to the inner wall of the drying tank 2 through a plurality of connecting blocks 88; the gap between the top end of the core body 8 and the inner wall of the drying tank 2 forms a secondary mixing chamber 25, the gap between the side wall of the core body 8 and the inner wall of the drying tank 2 forms a heat preservation chamber 26, and the gap between the bottom of the core body 8 and the inner wall of the drying tank 2 forms a negative pressure chamber 27;

[0051] A lower part of the inner cavity of the core body 8 is provided with a high-temperature and high-pressure chamber 81, a plurality of discharge ports 44 communicating with the negative pressure chamber 27 are arranged outside the lower end of the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber 81, the upper end of the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber 81 communicates with a drying and separating chamber 83, the drying and separating chamber 83 is a frustum-shaped cavity with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part, the upper end of the drying and separating chamber 83 communicates with an upward extending exhaust passage 84, and the exhaust passage 84 communicates with the secondary mixing chamber 25 through a plurality of exhaust holes 85; a guide rod 54 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber 81, and a turbulence shuttle 5 located in the lower part of the inner cavity of the drying and separating chamber 83 is arranged at the upper end of the guide rod 54; a first hot air pipe 21 and a negative pressure pipe 23 are arranged on the side wall of the drying tank 2, the first hot air pipe 21 passes through the lower part of the core body 8 and extends to below the turbulence shuttle 5, and the negative pressure pipe 23 extends into the negative pressure chamber 27; a second hot air pipe 22 is arranged at the top of the drying tank 2, and the second hot air pipe 22 communicates with the secondary mixing chamber 25; an atomizing nozzle 6 facing the turbulence shuttle 5 is arranged in the upper part of the inner cavity of the drying and separating chamber 83, and the atomizing nozzle 6 is communicated with an external feeding device outside the drying tank 2 through a feeding pipe 3.

[0052] Before use, pre-introduce hot air at 85 - 95°C into the inner cavity of the drying tank 2 through the second hot air pipe 22, so as to preheat the inside and outside of the core body 8. Start the negative pressure pipe 23 to form a unidirectional flowing hot air in the drying tank 2, force the air flow to flow in a specific direction, and at the same time build a stable drying environment outside the core body 8 to avoid reducing the drying speed and effect due to heat loss during the drying process; then introduce high-temperature and high-pressure gas at 150 - 180°C into the high-temperature and high-pressure cavity 81 of the core body 8 through the first hot air pipe 21. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas flows upward and blows towards the spoiler 5. At this time, the feed pipe 3 and the atomizing nozzle 6 spray atomized materials towards one side of the spoiler 5. The materials impact the spoiler 5 and are further atomized, and then move towards the high-temperature and high-pressure cavity 81 along the gap between the spoiler 5 and the drying and separation cavity 83, so as to just collide with the upward flowing high-temperature and high-pressure gas. After the atomized materials collide with the high-temperature and high-pressure gas, they are further refined, and then the moisture of the materials is quickly evaporated. Due to the design of the spoiler 5 with a larger middle part and smaller upper and lower ends, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas undergoes turbulence here. Part of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas moves towards the outside of the high-temperature and high-pressure cavity 81 and flows downward after being affected by the upper wall of the high-temperature and high-pressure cavity 81, while another part of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas flows towards the exhaust passage 84 after passing through the throttle of the drying and separation cavity 83. Since the inertial forces of large-particle materials, small-particle materials, and gas are inconsistent, when the velocity direction and magnitude of the gas with materials change, the materials and the gas will be separated, that is, the large-particle materials will move towards the outside of the high-temperature and high-pressure cavity 81 along with part of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas, fall to the bottom of the high-temperature and high-pressure part, and be discharged from the discharge port 44, while the small-particle materials will enter the exhaust passage 84 along with the drying air flow.

[0053] Then, the small-particle materials enter the secondary mixing cavity 25 with the gas through the exhaust hole 85 and are secondarily mixed with the hot air sprayed by the second hot air pipe 22. Since most of the drying process of the materials occurs in the drying and separation cavity 83, the humidity of the drying gas in the exhaust passage 84 will increase and the temperature will decrease. Along with the slow drying process in the exhaust passage 84, the humidity will further increase and the temperature will further decrease. Therefore, the drying gas entering the secondary mixing cavity 25 has a relatively high humidity and a relatively low temperature. At this time, the small-particle materials are likely to adsorb the residual moisture or steam in the drying gas during the drying process, resulting in an increase in the moisture content and affecting the drying process of the small-particle materials. Therefore, the hot air sprayed by the second hot air pipe 22 is used to converge with the drying air flow, reduce the humidity of the drying air flow, avoid the humidity of the drying air flow affecting the drying degree of the small-particle materials, improve the drying effect of the small-particle materials, and at the same time slightly increase the temperature of the drying air flow to avoid forming droplets and adhering substances on the inner wall of the drying tank 2.

[0054] Then, the drying air flow after secondary drying moves through the heat preservation chamber 26 to the negative pressure chamber 27, and is discharged from the negative pressure pipe 23 after being separated from the small particle materials. The dried small particle materials are mixed with the large particle materials and discharged from below the drying tank 2. By reasonably designing the drying stroke of the materials, it is ensured that the temperature of the drying air flow discharged from the negative pressure chamber 27 is 55-75°C, and the temperature of the materials discharged from the tank is 50-55°C.

[0055] Due to the throttling and turbulent flow effect of the turbulence shuttle 5, the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber 81 is actually isolated into an independent environment with a certain high pressure and high temperature, so that the large particle materials inside can be dried for a longer time, thus ensuring a better drying effect of the large particle materials. The high-pressure environment can maintain the compactness of the materials, reduce the probability of crushing or deformation, and thus improve the palatability. At the same time, the high-pressure environment can cooperate with the high-pressure environment to effectively kill the microorganisms in the materials and prevent mildew. At the same time, during the drying of the materials, the separation of large and small particles is realized, so that the small particle materials can quickly move away from the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber 81 by using the throttling effect of the drying and separation chamber 83, avoiding the denaturation of proteins in the small particle materials due to too long drying time.

[0056] Through the setting of the negative pressure pipe 23, a negative pressure environment can be formed in the heat preservation chamber 26 and the negative pressure chamber 27. It can not only form a pressure gradient design in the drying tank 2 to force the air flow to flow in a fixed direction, ensure that the small particle materials only flow through the preset channels, avoid powder leakage at the equipment interfaces or observation windows, but also reduce the boiling point of water, enable the moisture in the small particle materials to evaporate quickly at a lower temperature, reduce energy consumption while protecting the protein activity, and improve the quality of the dried small particle materials. At the same time, a gradient design of the inlet air temperature (150-180°C) and the exhaust air temperature (55-75°C) is formed on the flow track of the drying gas, further improving the thermal energy utilization rate.

[0057] It should be noted that in actual production, the feed pipe 3 can pass through part of the second hot air pipe 22 and then extend into the exhaust passage 84, so that the materials in the feed pipe 3 can be preheated by the hot air in the second hot air pipe 22. The temperature of the preheated materials is generally 20-25°C, thus improving the subsequent drying efficiency.

[0058] In summary, by adopting the above technical solutions, it is possible to separate the materials after spraying according to the particle size and adopt different drying methods for materials of different sizes, ensuring the overall quality of the dried materials while ensuring the efficiency. At the same time, a pressure gradient and a temperature gradient design are adopted in the drying air flow stroke, suppressing the leakage of dust while increasing the drying rate and balancing the energy consumption and the thermal efficiency.

[0059] Optionally, refer to Figure 3, a collection hopper 28 is provided below the negative pressure chamber 27. The lower end of the collection hopper 28 is connected to a storage tank 29. A discharge pipe 24 is provided at the lower end of the storage tank 29. Removable sealing plates are provided at the lower end of the collection hopper 28 and on the discharge pipe 24.

[0060] By adopting the above technical solution, during drying, the overall sealing performance of the drying tank 2 is distinguished by inserting the sealing plate into the discharge pipe 24, and then the dried materials are collected by the collection hopper 28 and the storage tank 29. After being filled, the materials are discharged by inserting the sealing plate at the lower end of the collection hopper 28 and opening the lower sealing plate, without the need to stop drying, avoiding interference with the drying process during the discharging process and realizing continuous production.

[0061] Optionally, referring to Figure 4 , a self - flipping discharging structure 4 is provided at the lower part of the core body 8 at the discharging port 44. The self - flipping discharging structure 4 is located between the adjacent connecting blocks 88. The self - flipping discharging structure 4 includes an arc - shaped cavity 43 communicating with the discharging port 44. The sides of the arc - shaped cavity 43 facing the heat - preservation cavity 26 and the negative pressure chamber 27 are both open. A rotating shaft 41 is provided in the arc - shaped cavity 43, and a plurality of blades 42 are provided on the rotating shaft 41. The blades 42 can sequentially pass through the discharging port 44, the heat - preservation cavity 26, and the negative pressure chamber 27 during rotation. The discharging port 44 is located outside the rotating shaft 41, and the blades 42 on both the inner and outer sides of the discharging port 44 are always in sliding seal with the inner wall of the arc - shaped cavity 43.

[0062] By adopting the above technical solution, with the setting of the self - flipping discharging structure 4, it can ensure that while large - particle materials can be smoothly discharged from the high - temperature and high - pressure chamber 81 to the negative pressure chamber 27 automatically, the high - temperature and high - pressure chamber 81 and the negative pressure chamber 27 are in a non - connected state, avoiding interference with the directional flow of the drying air flow. Since the blades 42 on both the inner and outer sides of the discharging port 44 are always in sliding seal with the inner wall of the arc - shaped cavity 43, after the materials fall into the closed cavity formed by the adjacent blades 42 on both sides through the discharging port 44, due to the eccentric action of the materials, the blades 42 can be automatically rotated around the rotating shaft 41 under the action of gravity, thus realizing automatic discharging and avoiding blockage of the discharging port 44. When the drying air flow in the heat - preservation cavity 26 moves downward, it will also assist the rotation of the blades 42, and the pressure difference between the high - temperature and high - pressure chamber 81 and the negative pressure chamber 27 will further push the blades 42 to rotate, thereby ensuring the automatic and rapid discharging of large - particle materials.

[0063] Optionally, referring to Figure 5 , a plurality of sets of turbulence - generating cavities 86 are arranged at intervals along the air - flow direction on the exhaust passage 84. The outer diameter of the turbulence - generating cavity 86 is larger than the outer diameter of the exhaust passage 84. A plurality of material - falling channels 861 communicating with the high - temperature and high - pressure chamber 81 are provided outside the turbulence - generating cavity 86.

[0064] Since there will still be some large - particle materials entering the exhaust passage 84 along with the drying air flow during the drying in the drying and separation chamber 83, through the arrangement of multiple sets of turbulence - generating chambers 86, because the outer diameter of the turbulence - generating chamber 86 is larger than that of the exhaust passage 84, a turbulent flow can be formed in the turbulence - generating chamber 86, promoting the separation of the gas and the large - particle materials within the turbulence - generating chamber 86. The separated large - particle materials re - enter the high - temperature and high - pressure chamber 81 for drying through the blanking passage 861, thus ensuring the drying effect.

[0065] Optionally, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 8 , the outer diameter of the turbulence - generating chamber 86 gradually increases along the air - flow direction, and the blanking passages 861 on adjacent turbulence - generating chambers 86 are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0066] By adopting the above - mentioned technical solution, the large - particle materials in the upper - layer turbulence - generating chamber 86 are prevented from entering the lower - layer turbulence - generating chamber 86 and accumulating to block the corresponding blanking passage 861 by means of the staggered arrangement.

[0067] Optionally, referring to Figure 5 , a separation cover 82 sleeved outside the guide rod 54 is arranged in the high - temperature and high - pressure chamber 81, and the first hot air pipe 21 extends to the lower part of the inner cavity of the separation cover 82; the upper part of the separation cover 82 surrounds and arranges below the lower part of the flow - dividing shuttle, and there is a gap between the upper end of the separation cover 82 and the top of the high - temperature and high - pressure chamber 81; the blanking passages 861 are all located on the outer side above the separation cover 82.

[0068] By adopting the above - mentioned technical solution, due to the arrangement of the separation cover 82, the large - particle materials falling from the blanking passage 861 all fall into the high - temperature and high - pressure chamber 81 outside the separation cover 82, avoiding the problem of over - drying caused by secondary contact with the high - heat air flow ejected from the first hot air pipe 21.

[0069] Optionally, referring to Figure 5 , a guiding cover 7 with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part is arranged in the separation cover 82 below the flow - dividing shuttle, and the lower end of the separation cover 82 is provided with a plurality of guiding holes 71 matching the guiding cover 7.

[0070] By adopting the above - mentioned technical solution, due to the arrangement of the guiding cover 7, on the one hand, the high - heat air flow ejected from the first hot air pipe 21 can be guided to the flow - dividing shuttle through the gradually converging inner wall, improving the turbulence and throttling effect of the flow - dividing shuttle. On the other hand, after the drying and separation at the flow - dividing shuttle, some large - particle materials will fall to the separation cover 82 and cannot be discharged from the discharge port 44. Therefore, the guiding cover 7 can guide this part of the large - particle materials to the discharge port 44 through the guiding holes 71, avoiding the problem that the materials accumulate in the separation cover 82 and cannot be discharged, and also avoiding the problem that the excessive accumulation of materials affects the air intake of the first hot air pipe 21 and further affects the overall drying effect.

[0071] Optionally, referring toFigure 5 - Figure 6 A regulating cavity 51 is arranged inside the flow dividing shuttle. A fixing block 52 is fixedly arranged on a guide rod 54 inside the regulating cavity 51. The fixing block 52 is directly connected with the lower wall of the regulating cavity 51 through a spring 53.

[0072] By adopting the above technical solution, with the arrangement of the fixing block 52 and the spring 53, the flow dividing shuttle can slide up and down along the guide rod 54, and then the position of the flow dividing shuttle is adaptively adjusted by changing the injection pressure of the first hot air pipe 21, so as to adjust the flow rate of the drying air flow and the drying time of the materials in the drying and separating cavity 83, and balance the drying effects of large particle materials and small particle materials.

[0073] Optionally, spiral fins 87 are arranged on the outer side of the upper part of the core body 8.

[0074] By adopting the above technical solution, a cyclone is formed at the heat preservation cavity 26 by the spiral fins 87 to preliminarily separate the drying air flow and the small particle materials after secondary drying.

[0075] Optionally, a vertical pipe 89 extending downward is arranged in the middle of the lower end of the core body 8. The negative pressure pipe 23 passes through the side wall of the vertical pipe 89 and extends to the upper part of the inner cavity of the vertical pipe 89.

[0076] By adopting the above technical solution, the inner side port of the negative pressure pipe 23 is isolated by the vertical pipe 89 to prevent the dropped materials from being accidentally sucked into the negative pressure pipe 23 and damaged. At the same time, the dried materials can be separated from the gas to complete the drying process.

[0077] The above are all the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited accordingly. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drying and separation device for preparing animal-derived feed, characterized in that: The invention comprises a drying tank (2), wherein a core (8) is coaxially arranged inside the drying tank (2), and the side wall of the core (8) is connected to the inner wall of the drying tank (2) via a plurality of connecting blocks (88); the gap between the top of the core (8) and the inner wall of the drying tank (2) forms a secondary mixing chamber (25), the gap between the side wall of the core (8) and the inner wall of the drying tank (2) forms a heat preservation chamber (26), and the gap between the bottom of the core (8) and the inner wall of the drying tank (2) forms a negative pressure chamber (27); A high-temperature and high-pressure chamber (81) is arranged at the lower part of the inner cavity of the core body (8); a plurality of discharge ports (44) communicating with the negative pressure chamber (27) are arranged on the outer side of the lower end of the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber (81); a drying and separation chamber (83) is communicated with at the upper end of the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber (81); the drying and separation chamber (83) is a truncated cone-shaped chamber that is small at the top and large at the bottom; an exhaust passage (84) extending upward is communicated with at the upper end of the drying and separation chamber (83); the exhaust passage (84) is communicated with the secondary mixing chamber (25) through a plurality of exhaust holes (85); a guide rod (54) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber (81); a guide rod (54) is arranged at the upper end of the guide rod (54) and is located at the bottom of the dry separation chamber (83); A spoiler shuttle (5) is arranged at the lower part of the inner cavity of the drying separation chamber (83); a first hot air pipe (21) and a negative pressure pipe (23) are arranged on the side wall of the drying tank (2), the first hot air pipe (21) passes through the lower part of the core body (8) and extends to the bottom of the spoiler shuttle (5), and the negative pressure pipe (23) extends into the negative pressure chamber (27); a second hot air pipe (22) is arranged on the top of the drying tank (2), and the second hot air pipe (22) is connected to the secondary mixing chamber (25); an atomizing nozzle (6) is arranged at the upper part of the inner cavity of the drying separation chamber (83) and faces the spoiler shuttle (5), and the atomizing nozzle (6) is connected to an external feeding device outside the drying tank (2) through a feeding pipe (3).

2. The drying and separation equipment for preparing animal-derived feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: A collecting hopper (28) is provided below the negative pressure chamber (27); the lower end of the collecting hopper (28) is connected to a storage box (29); a discharge pipe (24) is provided at the lower end of the storage box (29); and a detachable sealing plate is provided at the lower end of the collecting hopper (28) and the discharge pipe (24).

3. The drying and separation equipment for preparing animal-derived feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: A self-turning unloading structure (4) is provided at the lower part of the core body (8) at the unloading port (44), and the self-turning unloading structure (4) is located between the lower parts of adjacent connecting blocks (88); the self-turning unloading structure (4) comprises an arc-shaped cavity (43) connected to the unloading port (44), and the sides of the arc-shaped cavity (43) facing the heat preservation cavity (26) and the negative pressure cavity (27) are both open; a rotating shaft (41) is provided in the arc-shaped cavity (43), and a plurality of blades (42) are provided on the rotating shaft (41); the blades (42) can pass through the unloading port (44), the heat preservation cavity (26) and the negative pressure cavity (27) in sequence when rotating; the unloading port (44) is located outside the rotating shaft (41), and the blades (42) on both sides of the unloading port (44) are always in sliding sealing with the inner wall of the arc-shaped cavity (43).

4. The drying and separation equipment for preparing animal-derived feed according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of flow disturbance chambers (86) are arranged at intervals on the exhaust channel (84) along the direction of airflow travel; the outer diameter of the flow disturbance chamber (86) is larger than the outer diameter of the exhaust channel (84); and a plurality of material dropping channels (861) communicating with the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber (81) are arranged outside the flow disturbance chamber (86).

5. The drying and separation equipment for preparing animal-derived feed according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the flow-turbulating cavity (86) gradually increases along the direction of airflow travel, and the blanking channels (861) on adjacent flow-turbulating cavities (86) are arranged in a staggered manner.

6. The drying and separation equipment for preparing animal-derived feed according to claim 5, characterized in that: A separation hood (82) sleeved on the outside of the guide rod (54) is arranged in the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber (81); the first hot air pipe (21) extends to the lower part of the inner cavity of the separation hood (82); the upper part of the separation hood (82) surrounds the lower part of the diversion shuttle, and there is a distance between the upper end of the separation hood (82) and the top of the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber (81); the material dropping channels (861) are all located on the upper side of the separation hood (82) facing outward.

7. The drying and separation equipment for preparing animal-derived feed according to claim 6, characterized in that: A guide cover (7) that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom is arranged in the separation cover (82) below the diversion shuttle, and a plurality of guide holes (71) that match the guide cover (7) are arranged at the lower end of the separation cover (82).

8. A drying and separation device for preparing animal-derived feed according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: An adjusting chamber (51) is provided in the diverter shuttle, a fixing block (52) is fixedly provided on a guide rod (54) in the adjusting chamber (51), and the fixing block (52) is directly connected to the lower wall of the adjusting chamber (51) via a spring (53).

9. A drying and separation device for preparing animal-derived feed according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The upper outer side of the core body (8) is provided with a spiral fin (87).

10. A drying and separation device for preparing animal-derived feed according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A vertical tube (89) extending downward is provided in the middle of the lower end of the core body (8), and the negative pressure tube (23) passes through the side wall of the vertical tube (89) and extends to the upper part of the inner cavity of the vertical tube (89).

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