Multi-mode switching self-adaptive photovoltaic panel spraying device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panel spraying, in particular to a multi-mode switching self-adaptive photovoltaic panel spraying device which comprises a rack, a conveyor, supports, mechanical arms, a mounting block and the like, the conveyor is mounted at the top of the rack, the supports are connected to the front side and the rear side of the top of the rack, and the mechanical arms are mounted on the supports; and mounting blocks are connected to the execution ends of the mechanical arms. According to the photovoltaic panel coating device, coating liquid can be sucked into the hard pipe through the suction pump, the coating liquid is sprayed out through the spray head and sprayed to the photovoltaic panel, the mechanical arm can control the spray head to move so as to adapt to different photovoltaic panels such as a curved photovoltaic panel and a planar photovoltaic panel, the output shaft of the stepping motor can drive the spray head to rotate, the spray head is switched, and the coating liquid can be sprayed out through the spray head. Different spraying modes can be selected according to different photovoltaic panels, sharing of the same spray head is avoided, cross contamination caused by chemical reaction of two kinds of coating liquid is avoided, and uniformity and adhesive force of the coating liquid are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panel spraying, and particularly to a multi-mode switching adaptive photovoltaic panel spraying device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of photovoltaic panel manufacturing, the coating spraying technology is a key link to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency, environmental durability and surface functionality of photovoltaic modules. There are various types of coatings for photovoltaic panels, including anti-reflection coatings, hydrophobic and anti-fouling coatings, anti-PID coatings, and protective coatings for enhancing mechanical strength. These coatings need to be customized according to the material of the photovoltaic panel, the use environment and the functional requirements.

[0003] The patent with the publication number CN117563854A discloses a spraying device and a spraying method for processing non-PID decay TOPcon photovoltaic modules, including a vacuum chuck. A moving device for driving its movement is installed at the bottom of the vacuum chuck, and the vacuum chuck is used for the adsorption and positioning of the photovoltaic panel. It also includes two mounting brackets installed at both ends of the vacuum chuck. A moving unit is installed in the two mounting brackets, and a moving seat is docked on the moving unit. A spraying head is installed at the bottom of the moving seat. Mounting plates are installed on both sides of the moving seat, and a blowing unit is installed on the mounting plates. The blowing unit is used for removing dust particles on the photovoltaic panel, and a driving mechanism for driving the two blowing units is also installed on the mounting plates.

[0004] In the above patent, the moving unit drives the moving seat to reciprocate on the photovoltaic panel, and the moving seat drives the spraying head to reciprocate on the photovoltaic panel for spraying the photovoltaic panel. There is only one spraying head. The chemical compositions of different coating liquids are significantly different. For example, a certain anti-PID coating may contain an alkaline buffer, and a hydrophobic coating may contain an acidic catalyst. If not thoroughly cleaned when changing the coating liquid, the two coating liquids may undergo a chemical reaction in a closed space, resulting in cross-contamination, which may cause impurities or reaction by-products to mix into the new coating liquid, reducing the uniformity and adhesion of the coating liquid. Frequent replacement of the spraying head will greatly increase the labor and consumable costs, and at the same time extend the equipment downtime. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a multi-mode switching adaptive photovoltaic panel spraying device, which can overcome the disadvantages that two coating liquids may undergo a chemical reaction in a closed space, resulting in cross-contamination, which may cause impurities or reaction by-products to mix into the new coating liquid, reducing the uniformity and adhesion of the coating liquid.

[0006] A multi-mode switching adaptive photovoltaic panel spraying device, comprising a frame, a conveyor, brackets, robotic arms, mounting blocks, mounting boxes, mounting rings, rotating boxes, mounting pipes, nozzles, a liquid storage tank, a suction pump, a hard pipe, a flexible pipe, a rotating mechanism and a sealing mechanism. A conveyor is installed on the top of the frame. Brackets are connected to both the front and rear sides of the top of the frame. Robotic arms are installed on the brackets. Mounting blocks are connected to the execution ends of the robotic arms. Mounting boxes are connected to the bottoms of the mounting blocks. Mounting rings are connected inside the mounting boxes. Rotating boxes are rotatably connected inside the mounting rings. Three mounting pipes are evenly spaced and connected to the rotating boxes. Nozzles are connected to the mounting pipes. The types of the three nozzles on the same rotating box are different. There are inlets and outlets on both the left and right sides of the bottom of the mounting box. The nozzles enter the mounting box through these inlets and outlets. Three liquid storage tanks are connected to the brackets. Suction pumps are installed on the liquid storage tanks. The liquid inlet ends of the suction pumps extend into the liquid storage tanks. Hard pipes are connected to the liquid outlet ends of the suction pumps. The hard pipes are connected to the brackets. Flexible pipes are connected to the hard pipes. The flexible pipes are connected to the mounting pipes. The rotating mechanism is used to control the rotation of the nozzles and switch the nozzles. The sealing mechanism is used to seal the inlets and outlets on the mounting box.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotating mechanism includes a full gear, a stepper motor and a sector gear. Full gears are installed on the rotating boxes. Stepper motors are installed on the mounting blocks. Sector gears are connected to the output shafts of the stepper motors. During the rotation process, the sector gears will mesh with the full gears and drive the full gears to rotate. The full gears drive the rotating boxes to rotate. The rotating boxes drive the nozzles to rotate to switch the nozzles.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sealing mechanism includes a rotating shaft and a sealing block. Rotating shafts are rotatably connected to both the left and right sides of the bottom of the mounting box. Torsion springs are connected between the mounting box and the rotating shafts. Sealing blocks for sealing the inlets and outlets on the mounting box are connected to the rotating shafts.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a cleaning mechanism is further included. The cleaning mechanism includes a water inlet pipe, solenoid valve 1, solenoid valve 2, a guiding frame, a water outlet pipe, spring 1, solenoid valve 3 and a control component. Water inlet pipes are connected to the hard pipes. Solenoid valve 1 is installed on each water inlet pipe. Solenoid valve 2 is installed at a position on the hard pipe close to the suction pump. Guiding frames are connected to the mounting boxes. Water outlet pipes are slidably connected to the guiding frames. The water outlet pipes slidably penetrate the mounting boxes. Spring 1 is connected between the guiding frame and the water outlet pipe. Solenoid valve 3 is installed on each water outlet pipe. The control component is used to control the docking and separation of the water outlet pipe and the mounting pipe.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control assembly includes a guide block, a slide rod, and a cam. Guide blocks are connected to the top of the installation box. Slide rods are slidably connected to the guide blocks. The slide rods are connected to the water outlet pipe. Cams are connected to the output shafts of the stepping motors. The cams are used to push the slide rods to move to the right. The slide rods drive the water outlet pipe to move to the right, separating the water outlet pipe from the installation pipe.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control assembly further includes a limit block. Limit blocks for limiting the slide rods are connected to the cams.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cleaning mechanism further includes a sealing ring. Sealing rings are connected to the lower parts of the water outlet pipes. The sealing rings are used to improve the sealing performance between the water outlet pipes and the installation pipes.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a positioning mechanism is further included. The positioning mechanism includes a positioning pin and a second spring. Four groups of positioning grooves are evenly spaced circumferentially on the rotating box. Four groups of positioning pins are slidably connected to the installation ring circumferentially and evenly spaced. The positioning pins can be inserted into the positioning grooves to position the rotating box. A second spring is connected between the installation ring and the positioning pins.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. In the present invention, the coating liquid can be sucked into the hard pipe through the suction pump. The coating liquid is sprayed out through the nozzle and onto the photovoltaic panel. The robotic arm can control the movement of the nozzle to adapt to different photovoltaic panels such as curved photovoltaic panels and flat photovoltaic panels. The output shaft of the stepping motor can drive the nozzle to rotate to switch the nozzle, and different spraying modes can be selected according to different photovoltaic panels, avoiding sharing the same nozzle and preventing chemical reactions between the two coating liquids from causing cross-contamination, ensuring the uniformity and adhesion of the coating liquid.

[0015] 2. Clean water can be injected into the hard pipe through the water inlet pipe to clean the hard pipe, the flexible pipe, the installation pipe, and the nozzle. During the cleaning period, another nozzle can be used to spray the photovoltaic panel, enabling spraying and cleaning to be carried out simultaneously without the need to stop the machine for operation, thus enabling continuous operation and ensuring work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Shows a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 Shows a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the mounting block, the installation box, the installation ring, the rotating box, the installation pipe, and the nozzle of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 Shows a cross-sectional view of the installation box and the rotating box of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4Shows a schematic perspective view of the liquid storage tank, suction pump, hard pipe and hose of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 Shows a schematic perspective view of the rotating mechanism of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 Shows a schematic perspective view of the sealing mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 Shows a schematic perspective view of the cleaning mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 Shows a schematic perspective view of the first spring, sliding rod, limit block and sealing ring of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 Shows a state diagram after the water outlet pipe and the installation pipe of the present invention are docked.

[0025] Figure 10 Shows a schematic perspective view of the positioning groove of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 11 Shows a schematic perspective view of the positioning pin of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 12 Shows the present invention Figure 11 An enlarged view of part A in

[0028] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference numerals: 1, frame; 2, conveyor; 3, bracket; 4, robotic arm; 5, mounting block; 6, mounting box; 7, mounting ring; 8, rotating box; 9, installation pipe; 10, nozzle; 11, liquid storage tank; 12, suction pump; 13, hard pipe; 14, hose; 151, full gear; 152, stepper motor; 153, sector gear; 161, rotating shaft; 162, sealing block; 171, water inlet pipe; 172, solenoid valve 1; 173, solenoid valve 2; 174, guide frame; 175, water outlet pipe; 176, first spring; 177, solenoid valve 3; 178, guide block; 179, sliding rod; 1710, cam; 1711, limit block; 1712, sealing ring; 181, positioning groove; 182, positioning pin; 183, second spring. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the specific implementation manners and with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, the descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessarily confusing the concepts of the present invention.

[0030] Refer toFigures 1-6 , a multi-mode switching adaptive photovoltaic panel spraying device, comprising a frame 1, a conveyor 2, a bracket 3, a robotic arm 4, a mounting block 5, a mounting box 6, a mounting ring 7, a rotating box 8, a mounting pipe 9, a nozzle 10, a liquid storage tank 11, a suction pump 12, a rigid pipe 13, a flexible pipe 14, a rotating mechanism and a sealing mechanism. The conveyor 2 is bolted to the top of the frame 1. Brackets 3 are bolted to the front and rear sides on the right side of the top of the frame 1. Robotic arms 4 are bolted to the sides of the two brackets 3 close to each other. Mounting blocks 5 are connected to the execution ends of the robotic arms 4. Mounting boxes 6 are bolted to the bottoms of the mounting blocks 5. The front and rear sides inside the mounting box 6 are both connected with mounting rings 7. A rotating box 8 is rotatably connected in the two mounting rings 7 in the same mounting box 6. Three mounting pipes 9 are evenly spaced and connected to the rotating box 8. Nozzles 10 are connected to the mounting pipes 9. The types of the three nozzles 10 on the same rotating box 8 are different. There are inlets and outlets on the left and right sides of the bottom of the mounting box 6. The nozzles 10 enter the mounting box 6 through these inlets and outlets. Three liquid storage tanks 11 are bolted to the sides of the two brackets 3 away from each other. Suction pumps 12 are bolted to the liquid storage tanks 11. The liquid inlet ends of the suction pumps 12 extend into the liquid storage tanks 11. Rigid pipes 13 are connected to the liquid outlet ends of the suction pumps 12. The rigid pipes 13 are connected to the brackets 3. Flexible pipes 14 are connected to the rigid pipes 13. The flexible pipes 14 are connected to the mounting pipes 9. The rotating mechanism is used to control the rotation of the nozzles 10 and switch the nozzles 10. The sealing mechanism is used to seal the inlets and outlets on the mounting box 6.

[0031] Refer to Figure 5 , the rotating mechanism includes a full gear 151, a stepper motor 152 and a sector gear 153. Full gears 151 are installed on the sides of the two rotating boxes 8 away from each other. Stepper motors 152 are bolted to the mounting blocks 5. Sector gears 153 are key-connected to the output shafts of the stepper motors 152. The number of teeth of the full gear 151 is four times that of the sector gear 153. The sector gear 153 will mesh with the full gear 151 during rotation.

[0032] Refer to Figure 6 , the sealing mechanism includes a rotating shaft 161 and a sealing block 162. Rotating shafts 161 are rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the bottom of the mounting box 6. Torsion springs are sleeved on the front and rear parts of the rotating shafts 161. The two ends of the torsion springs are respectively connected to the mounting box 6 and the rotating shafts 161. Sealing blocks 162 are connected to the rotating shafts 161.

[0033] The staff pour three different coating liquids into three liquid storage tanks 11 respectively. The left side of the conveyor 2 is connected to the production line, and the photovoltaic panel is sent to the conveyor 2 through the production line. The conveyor 2 conveys the photovoltaic panel to the right and transports the photovoltaic panel under the nozzle 10. The suction pump 12 sucks the coating liquid in the liquid storage tank 11 into the hard pipe 13, and the coating liquid sprays out from the nozzle 10 through the hose 14 and the installation pipe 9 and sprays onto the photovoltaic panel. The robotic arm 4 can control the movement of the nozzle 10 to adapt to different photovoltaic panels such as curved photovoltaic panels and flat photovoltaic panels. When spraying different photovoltaic panels, the types of the coating liquid and the nozzle 10 also need to be replaced accordingly. Controlling the output shaft of the stepping motor 152 to rotate one circle drives the sector gear 153 to rotate one circle. During the rotation of the sector gear 153, it meshes with the full gear 151 and drives the full gear 151 to rotate. The full gear 151 drives the rotating box 8 to rotate, and the rotating box 8 drives the nozzle 10 to rotate. When the nozzle 10 contacts the sealing block 162, it will push the sealing block 162, causing the sealing block 162 to rotate and the torsion spring to deform. The unused nozzle 10 rotates into the installation box 6, and the nozzle 10 to be used rotates out of the installation box 6 to switch the nozzle 10. When the nozzle 10 and the sealing block 162 are disengaged, under the action of the torsion spring, the sealing block 162 rotates reversely to reset and seals the inlet and outlet on the installation box 6 again to prevent dust or coating liquid from floating into the installation box 6 and contaminating the nozzle 10. When the sector gear 153 and the full gear 151 are not meshed, the full gear 151 stops rotating and the nozzle 10 also stops rotating. The number of teeth of the full gear 151 is four times that of the sector gear 153. Therefore, when the sector gear 153 rotates one circle, the full gear 151 rotates one-fourth of a circle to complete the switching of the nozzle 10. Different spraying modes can be selected according to different photovoltaic panels, avoiding sharing the same nozzle 10 and preventing chemical reactions between the two coating liquids to cause cross-contamination, ensuring the uniformity and adhesion of the coating liquid. When the photovoltaic panel does not need to be sprayed, all the nozzles 10 can be rotated into the installation box 6 to protect the nozzles 10 through the installation box 6 and prevent dust from contaminating the nozzles 10.

[0034] Refer to Figures 7-9, further comprising a cleaning mechanism, the cleaning mechanism including a water inlet pipe 171, a first solenoid valve 172, a second solenoid valve 173, a guide frame 174, a water outlet pipe 175, a first spring 176, a third solenoid valve 177, a sealing ring 1712 and a control assembly. The water inlet pipes 171 are connected to the hard pipes 13, the first solenoid valves 172 are installed on the water inlet pipes 171, the second solenoid valves 173 are installed on the hard pipes 13 near the suction pump 12, the guide frames 174 are connected to the right sides of the mounting boxes 6, the water outlet pipes 175 are slidably connected to the guide frames 174, the water outlet pipes 175 slidably penetrate through the right sides of the mounting boxes 6, the first springs 176 are sleeved on the front and rear parts of the guide frames 174, the two ends of the first springs 176 are respectively connected to the guide frames 174 and the water outlet pipes 175, and the first springs 176 are sleeved on the guide frames 174 to prevent the first springs 176 from bending. The third solenoid valves 177 are installed on the upper parts of the water outlet pipes 175, the sealing rings 1712 are connected to the lower parts of the water outlet pipes 175, and the control assembly is used to control the docking and separation of the water outlet pipes 175 and the mounting pipes 9.

[0035] Refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the control assembly includes a guide block 178, a sliding rod 179, a cam 1710 and a limiting block 1711. The guide blocks 178 are connected to the right sides of the tops of the mounting boxes 6, the sliding rods 179 are slidably connected to the guide blocks 178, the right ends of the sliding rods 179 are connected to the left sides of the water outlet pipes 175, the cams 1710 are key-connected to the output shafts of the stepper motors 152, and the limiting blocks 1711 are connected to the right sides of the cams 1710.

[0036] When it is necessary to spray the photovoltaic panel, the solenoid valve II 173 can be controlled to open, and the solenoid valve I 172 can be controlled to close to prevent the coating liquid from being discharged from the water inlet pipe 171. When it is necessary to switch the nozzle 10, the solenoid valve II 173 and the solenoid valve III 177 are controlled to close, and then the solenoid valve I 172 is controlled to open. When the output shaft of the stepping motor 152 rotates one circle, the cam 1710 can be driven to rotate one circle. The cam 1710 drives the limit block 1711 to rotate, turning the limit block 1711 away so that the limit block 1711 no longer limits the slide bar 179. Subsequently, the cam 1710 pushes the slide bar 179 to move to the right. The slide bar 179 drives the water outlet pipe 175 to move to the right, separating the water outlet pipe 175 from the installation pipe 9, and the first spring 176 is stretched. When the sector gear 153 and the full gear 151 are not engaged, the nozzle 10 has been switched. After the cam 1710 rotates one circle, under the action of the first spring 176, the water outlet pipe 175 moves to the left, and the water outlet pipe 175 will be docked with the installation pipe 9. At this time, the nozzle 10 is located in the water outlet pipe 175, and the sealing ring 1712 will contact the installation pipe 9, thereby improving the sealing performance between the water outlet pipe 175 and the installation pipe 9 and preventing the cleaning liquid or clean water from leaking. At this time, the limit block 1711 will limit the slide bar 179 so that the water outlet pipe 175 cannot move, ensuring the stability of the docking between the water outlet pipe 175 and the installation pipe 9. Then, the water outlet pipe 175 is connected to the drainage pipe, and the cleaning liquid is injected into the hard pipe 13 through the water inlet pipe 171. The cleaning liquid flows into the nozzle 10 through the hose 14 and the installation pipe 9, and finally the cleaning liquid will flow into the water outlet pipe 175. At this time, the solenoid valve III 177 is in the closed state, so the cleaning liquid will remain in the hard pipe 13, the hose 14, the installation pipe 9, the nozzle 10 and the water outlet pipe 175, soaking the hard pipe 13, the hose 14, the installation pipe 9 and the nozzle 10 to soften the stains inside them for subsequent flushing. After the soaking is completed, the solenoid valve III 177 is controlled to open, and then clean water is injected into the hard pipe 13 through the water inlet pipe 171 to clean the hard pipe 13, the hose 14, the installation pipe 9 and the nozzle 10. The dirty water is discharged through the water outlet pipe 175. During the cleaning, another nozzle 10 can be used to spray the photovoltaic panel, and the spraying and cleaning can be carried out simultaneously without stopping the machine for operation, so that the work can be carried out continuously to ensure the work efficiency.

[0037] Refer to Figures 10-12, further including a positioning mechanism, the positioning mechanism includes a positioning pin 182 and a second spring 183. The rotating box 8 is circumferentially and evenly spaced with four groups of positioning grooves 181, and each group has six positioning grooves 181. The mounting ring 7 is circumferentially and evenly spaced and slidably connected with four groups of positioning pins 182, and each group has three positioning pins 182. The positioning pins 182 are located in the positioning grooves 181. The rotating box 8 is positioned by six positioning pins 182, which can ensure the stability of the rotating box 8. The positioning pins 182 are all sleeved with second springs 183, and the two ends of the second springs 183 are respectively connected with the mounting ring 7 and the positioning pins 182. The second springs 183 are sleeved on the positioning pins 182, which can prevent the second springs 183 from bending.

[0038] When the rotating box 8 rotates, the positioning pins 182 will move out of the positioning grooves 181, and the second springs 183 will be stretched. After the nozzle 10 is switched, the positioning pins 182 will correspond to the positioning grooves 181 again. Under the action of the second springs 183, the positioning pins 182 will be inserted into the positioning grooves 181 to position the rotating box 8, thereby positioning the nozzle 10 and preventing the angle of the nozzle 10 from shifting.

[0039] The above are only examples of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. All equivalent replacements made within the principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The content not elaborated in detail in the present invention belongs to the well-known prior art of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A multi-mode switching adaptive photovoltaic panel spraying device, comprising a frame (1) and a conveyor (2), the conveyor (2) is installed on the top of the frame (1), and it is characterized in that: It also includes a bracket (3), a robotic arm (4), a mounting block (5), a mounting box (6), a mounting ring (7), a rotating box (8), a mounting pipe (9), a spray head (10), a liquid storage tank (11), a suction pump (12), a rigid pipe (13), a flexible pipe (14), a rotating mechanism and a sealing mechanism. Brackets (3) are connected to both the front and rear sides of the top of the frame (1). Robotic arms (4) are mounted on the brackets (3). Mounting blocks (5) are connected to the execution ends of the robotic arms (4). Mounting boxes (6) are connected to the bottoms of the mounting blocks (5). Mounting rings (7) are connected inside the mounting boxes (6). Rotating boxes (8) are rotatably connected inside the mounting rings (7). Three mounting pipes (9) are evenly spaced and connected to the rotating box (8). Spray heads (10) are connected to the mounting pipes (9). The types of the three spray heads (10) on the same rotating box (8) are different. There are inlets and outlets on both the left and right sides of the bottom of the mounting box (6). The spray heads (10) enter the mounting box (6) through these inlets and outlets. Three liquid storage tanks (11) are connected to the brackets (3). Suction pumps (12) are mounted on the liquid storage tanks (11). The liquid inlet ends of the suction pumps (12) extend into the liquid storage tanks (11). Rigid pipes (13) are connected to the liquid outlet ends of the suction pumps (12). The rigid pipes (13) are connected to the brackets (3). Flexible pipes (14) are connected to the rigid pipes (13). The flexible pipes (14) are connected to the mounting pipes (9). The rotating mechanism is used to control the rotation of the spray heads (10) and switch the spray heads (10). The sealing mechanism is used to seal the inlets and outlets on the mounting box (6).

2. The multi-mode switching adaptive photovoltaic panel spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism includes a spur gear (151), a stepper motor (152) and a sector gear (153). Spur gears (151) are mounted on the rotating boxes (8). Stepper motors (152) are mounted on the mounting blocks (5). Sector gears (153) are connected to the output shafts of the stepper motors (152). During rotation, the sector gears (153) will mesh with the spur gears (151) and drive the spur gears (151) to rotate. The spur gears (151) drive the rotating boxes (8) to rotate. The rotating boxes (8) drive the spray heads (10) to rotate and switch the spray heads (10).

3. The multi-mode switching adaptive photovoltaic panel spraying device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing mechanism includes a rotating shaft (161) and a sealing block (162). Rotating shafts (161) are rotatably connected to both the left and right sides of the bottom of the mounting box (6). A torsion spring is connected between the mounting box (6) and the rotating shafts (161). Sealing blocks (162) for sealing the inlets and outlets on the mounting box (6) are connected to the rotating shafts (161).

4. The multi-mode switching adaptive photovoltaic panel spraying device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It further includes a cleaning mechanism, which includes a water inlet pipe (171), a first solenoid valve (172), a second solenoid valve (173), a guide frame (174), a water outlet pipe (175), a first spring (176), a third solenoid valve (177) and a control component. The water inlet pipes (171) are connected to the hard pipes (13), the first solenoid valves (172) are installed on the water inlet pipes (171), the second solenoid valves (173) are installed on the hard pipes (13) near the suction pump (12), the guide frames (174) are connected to the installation boxes (6), the water outlet pipes (175) are slidably connected to the guide frames (174), the water outlet pipes (175) slidably penetrate through the installation boxes (6), the first spring (176) is connected between the guide frames (174) and the water outlet pipes (175), the third solenoid valves (177) are installed on the water outlet pipes (175), and the control component is used to control the docking and separation of the water outlet pipes (175) and the installation pipes (9).

5. The multi-mode switching adaptive photovoltaic panel spraying device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control component includes a guide block (178), a sliding rod (179) and a cam (1710). The guide blocks (178) are connected to the tops of the installation boxes (6), the sliding rods (179) are slidably connected to the guide blocks (178), the sliding rods (179) are connected to the water outlet pipes (175), the cams (1710) are connected to the output shafts of the stepping motors (152), the cams (1710) are used to push the sliding rods (179) to move rightward, and the sliding rods (179) drive the water outlet pipes (175) to move rightward, so that the water outlet pipes (175) are separated from the installation pipes (9).

6. The multi-mode switching adaptive photovoltaic panel spraying device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control component further includes a limit block (1711), and the limit blocks (1711) for limiting the sliding rods (179) are connected to the cams (1710).

7. The multi-mode switching adaptive photovoltaic panel spraying device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism further includes a sealing ring (1712), and the sealing rings (1712) are connected to the lower parts of the water outlet pipes (175), and the sealing rings (1712) are used to improve the sealing performance between the water outlet pipes (175) and the installation pipes (9).

8. The multi-mode switching adaptive photovoltaic panel spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a positioning mechanism, which includes a positioning pin (182) and a second spring (183). Four groups of positioning grooves (181) are circumferentially and evenly spaced on the rotary box (8), four groups of positioning pins (182) are circumferentially and evenly spaced and slidably connected to the installation ring (7), the positioning pins (182) can be inserted into the positioning grooves (181) to position the rotary box (8), and the second spring (183) is connected between the installation ring (7) and the positioning pins (182).

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