A device for processing spiral grooves of cemented carbide drill bits

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for processing spiral grooves of a carbide drill bit, which belongs to the technical field of machine tool processing equipment. The device comprises: a machine tool main body, wherein a horizontally fixed slide rail frame is arranged inside the device, the slide rail frame is slidably and adjustably equipped with a machine base, a main spindle box is fixed on one side of the slide rail frame in the machine tool main body, a spiral feeding unit is arranged between the main spindle box and the machine base, and two clamping ports are symmetrically arranged in the spiral feeding unit; a rotary slotting device is installed at the same horizontal height of the spiral feeding unit in the machine tool main body; two clamping chucks in the present invention are used to clamp the end of the alloy drill rod, and when the main spindle rod rotates forward and reverse, the shaft column on one side of the clamping chuck can slide with the shaft sleeve through the threaded guide groove, so that the alloy drill rod performs a composite motion of circumferential rotation and axial feeding, thereby reducing the motion synchronization error; the spiral groove can be pre-opened, the subsequent processing vibration is reduced, and the groove consistency is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of machine tool processing equipment, and in particular relates to a device for processing spiral grooves of a carbide drill. Background Art

[0002] Carbide drills are widely used in the processing of various high-strength materials due to their excellent hardness and wear resistance. In order to improve their cutting performance, the drills usually need to be spirally grooved to form an effective chip evacuation channel and improve the cutting effect.

[0003] Traditionally, equipment for machining spiral grooves in carbide drill bits uses a spindle motor to drive the drill rod's circumferential rotation, while relying on a lead screw or hydraulic system to control its axial movement. This typically requires multiple clamping operations to complete both rough grooving and fine finishing, resulting in a long process chain and difficulty ensuring machining accuracy. Furthermore, the rotation and feed (lead screw / hydraulic) systems are two independent drive systems, relying on a coordinated CNC interpolation algorithm. This system exhibits response delays (50ms-100ms) and pulse equivalent cumulative errors, which can easily lead to certain machining errors in the lead accuracy of the thread groove. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a device for machining spiral grooves in carbide drill bits to address the issues raised in the background technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a device for processing spiral grooves of carbide drill bits, comprising: a machine tool body, a horizontally fixed slide rail frame is provided inside the machine tool body, the slide rail frame is slidably and adjustably equipped with a machine base, a spindle box is fixed on one side of the slide rail frame in the machine tool body, a spiral feeding unit is provided between the spindle box and the machine base, two clamping ports are symmetrically provided in the spiral feeding unit for horizontally clamping and positioning the end of the alloy drill rod; a screw feeder is provided in the machine tool body at a position corresponding to the position of the screw feeder. A rotary grooving device is installed at the same horizontal height; the spiral feeding unit includes: two fixed guide cylinders, which are symmetrically arranged, each of the fixed guide cylinders is fixed to the machine base and the spindle box respectively, and the opposite sides of the two fixed guide cylinders are coaxially fixed with a shaft sleeve seat, the shaft sleeve seat and the internal combination of the fixed guide cylinder constitute a guide cavity, and a horizontally arranged guide rod is fixed in the guide cavity, and a collar is slidably installed on the guide rod; a clamping chuck is coaxially rotatably arranged in the collar, and the end of the alloy drill rod is clamped and fixed in the clamping chuck.

[0005] Preferably, a shaft sleeve is fixed in the machine base, a shaft column is coaxially arranged in the shaft sleeve, and one end of the shaft column is connected to the clamping chuck; a spiral guide groove is provided on the outer wall of the shaft column, and a plurality of guide pins are circumferentially distributed on the inner wall of the shaft sleeve, and each guide pin is slidably connected to the spiral guide groove.

[0006] Preferably, the shaft column is fed axially along the shaft sleeve, and the sliding action of the guide pin and the spiral guide groove causes the alloy drill rod between the clamping chucks to synchronously produce a composite motion of circumferential rotation and axial feeding, and the curvature radius of the spiral guide groove maintains a preset ratio with the designed curvature radius of the spiral groove to be processed in the alloy drill rod.

[0007] Preferably, a spindle rod is horizontally rotatably connected in the spindle box, an inner shaft is slidingly provided in the center of the spindle rod, and one end of the inner shaft is connected to the clamping chuck; a swing shaft is horizontally rotatably provided in the machine base, the swing shaft is concentrically arranged with the shaft column, a connecting shaft is slidably connected in the swing shaft, one end of the connecting shaft extends into the shaft column and is fixed to the shaft column.

[0008] Preferably, a swing motor is provided outside the machine base, and the output end of the swing motor is connected to the swing shaft through a transmission belt for transmission; after the spindle rod in the spindle box completes the preset axial feed amount, the swing motor intervenes and drives the shaft column to rotate forward and reverse through the swing shaft.

[0009] Preferably, a positioning plate is vertically fixed in the sleeve seat, and a micro drill is vertically slidably connected to the positioning plate through a slide rail; the inner wall of the sleeve seat is provided with arc-shaped liquid channels on both sides of the micro drill, and the outer side of the arc-shaped liquid channel is connected to a liquid supply pipe, and the inner wall of the sleeve seat is provided with multiple jet holes, and the jet holes are connected to the arc-shaped liquid channels; a drain port is provided at the lower part of the inner wall of the sleeve seat.

[0010] Preferably, the rotary grooving device includes: a frame, on the side of which a first rotating seat is slidably mounted via a linear guide pair, the outside of the first rotating seat is equipped with a guide rail frame, and a sliding seat is slidably mounted on the guide rail frame via a ball screw mechanism; a second rotating seat is installed on one side end face of the sliding seat, and a fixed beam plate is installed on the second rotating seat, and a cyclone cutter is rotatably arranged inside the fixed beam plate.

[0011] Preferably, the micro drill in the spiral feeding unit opens spiral grooves on the surface of the alloy drill rod before the rotary groove opening device, and the rotary groove opening device grooves the alloy drill rod based on the spiral grooves.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the two fixed guide cylinders mainly used on the machine tool body and the sleeve seat form corresponding guide cavities, and clamping chucks are respectively provided in the guide cavities for clamping the ends of the alloy drill rods, so that when the spindle rod of the spindle box rotates forward and backward, the alloy drill rod between the clamping chucks is driven to rotate by the inner shaft, and at the same time, the shaft column on one side of the clamping chuck can slide with the shaft sleeve through the threaded guide groove, so that the alloy drill rod performs a composite motion of circumferential rotation and axial feed, reducing the motion synchronization error. Compared with the traditional technology in which the rotation (spindle drive) and axial feed (screw / hydraulic) are coordinated by two independent systems, the present invention has smaller processing errors, can realize speed adjustment during the processing, and does not affect the processing accuracy of the spiral groove; wherein, a micro drill is also provided in each sleeve seat, and the micro drill can realize the pre-opening of the spiral groove during the rapid forward and reverse rotation of the alloy drill rod, so that the subsequent rotary slotting device can perform slotting processing based on the spiral groove, reducing the subsequent processing vibration, further improving the processing accuracy, and ensuring the consistency of the groove shape. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the spiral feeding unit in the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the base in the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the central axis column of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the micro drilling rig in the present invention;

[0018] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the arc-shaped liquid channel in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary slotting device in the present invention;

[0020] In the figure: 1. Machine tool body; 11. Spindle box; 12. Slide rail frame; 13. Spindle rod; 14. Inner shaft; 2. Machine base; 21. Shaft sleeve; 22. Shaft column; 23. Spiral guide groove; 24. Guide pin; 25. Swing shaft; 26. Connecting shaft; 3. Rotary slotting device; 31. Machine frame; 32. First rotating seat; 33. Guide rail frame; 34. Slide seat; 35. Second rotating seat; 36. Fixed beam plate; 37. Cyclone tool; 4. Spiral feeding unit; 41. Fixed guide cylinder; 42. Shaft sleeve seat; 43. Guide cavity; 44. Guide rod; 45. Collar; 46. Clamping chuck; 5. Positioning plate; 51. Micro drill; 52. Arc liquid channel; 53. Jet hole; 54. Drain port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 In an embodiment of the present invention, a device for processing spiral grooves of a carbide drill bit is provided, which includes: a machine tool body 1, a horizontally fixed slide frame 12 is provided inside the machine tool body, and the slide frame 12 can be slidably adjusted to be equipped with a base 2, a spindle box 11 is fixed on one side of the slide frame 12 in the machine tool body 1, a spiral feeding unit 4 is provided between the spindle box 11 and the base 2, and two clamping ports are symmetrically provided in the spiral feeding unit 4 for horizontally clamping and positioning the end of the alloy drill rod; the slide frame 12 adopts a high-precision linear guide rail, and the base 2 can be adjusted linearly along the slide frame 12, thereby changing the effective distance between it and the spindle box 11; a rotary slotting device 3 is installed at the same horizontal height of the spiral feeding unit 4 in the machine tool body 1, and the rotary slotting device 3 can contact the outer peripheral wall of the alloy drill rod, thereby realizing the screw slotting of the alloy drill rod during work. Grooving processing; the spiral feeding unit 4 includes: a fixed guide cylinder 41, which is two symmetrically arranged, each of the fixed guide cylinders 41 is fixed to the machine base 2 and the spindle box 11 respectively, and the opposite sides of the two fixed guide cylinders 41 are coaxially fixed with a sleeve seat 42, the sleeve seat 42 and the internal combination of the fixed guide cylinder 41 constitute a guide cavity 43, and a horizontally arranged guide rod 44 is fixed in the guide cavity 43, and a collar 45 is slidably installed on the guide rod 44, and the contact surface between the guide rod 44 and the collar 45 is coated with a high-lubricating material, with a friction coefficient of ≤0.05, and can withstand a radial load of 2000N; a clamping chuck 46 is coaxially rotated in the collar 45, and the end of the alloy drill rod is clamped and fixed in the clamping chuck 46, wherein the clamping chuck 46 adopts a hydraulic method to fully clamp the end of the alloy drill rod to avoid loosening during rotation processing.

[0022] In this embodiment, a shaft sleeve 21 is fixed in the machine base 2, a shaft column 22 is coaxially arranged in the shaft sleeve 21, and one end of the shaft column 22 is connected to the clamping chuck 46;

[0023] A spiral guide groove 23 is provided on the outer wall of the shaft column 22, and a plurality of guide pins 24 are distributed circumferentially on the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 21. Each guide pin 24 is slidably connected to the spiral guide groove 23. Therefore, when the clamping chucks 46 in the two collars 45 rotate simultaneously, they can drive the alloy drill rod to rotate, and the shaft column 22 realizes horizontal sliding of the collar 45 through the sliding connection between the guide pins 24 and the spiral guide groove 23 during the synchronous rotation.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment, the shaft column 22 is fed axially along the shaft sleeve 21, and the sliding action of the guide pin 24 and the spiral guide groove 23 causes the alloy drill rod between the clamping chucks 46 to synchronously generate a composite motion of circumferential rotation and axial feeding. The curvature radius of the spiral guide groove 23 and the designed curvature radius of the spiral groove to be processed in the alloy drill rod are kept in a preset ratio. Specifically, by setting the curvature radius (R1) of the spiral guide groove 23 and the curvature radius (R2) of the spiral groove of the alloy drill rod to a specific proportional relationship (i.e., R1 / R2=preset value K), accurate replication of the spiral groove shape is achieved during the processing process; for example: when K=1, the curvature of the spiral guide groove 23 is completely consistent with that of the spiral groove of the alloy drill rod, realizing 1:1 profiling (common in same-size replication).

[0025] In this embodiment, the spindle housing 11 is horizontally connected to a spindle rod 13, and an inner shaft 14 is slidably disposed within the center of the spindle rod 13. One end of the inner shaft 14 is connected to a clamping chuck 46. Therefore, the spindle rod 13 can drive the inner shaft 14 to rotate synchronously during forward and reverse rotation. During rotation, the clamping chuck 46 can slide horizontally through the sliding fit between the shaft column 22 and the shaft sleeve 21, allowing the inner shaft 14 to slide freely in or out along the axial direction of the spindle rod 13.

[0026] A swing shaft 25 is horizontally rotatably provided in the machine base 2. The swing shaft 25 is concentrically arranged with the shaft column 22. A connecting shaft 26 is slidably connected in the swing shaft 25. One end of the connecting shaft 26 extends into the shaft column 22 and is fixed to the shaft column 22. The working principle of the swing shaft 25 is similar to that of the main shaft rod 13, but it should be noted that when the main shaft rod 13 is self-driven to rotate, the swing shaft 25 should be in a flexible rotation state; and when the swing shaft 25 is self-driven to rotate, the main shaft rod 13 should be in a flexible rotation state.

[0027] In this embodiment, a swing motor (not shown in the figure) is provided outside the machine base 2, and the output end of the swing motor is connected to the swing shaft 25 for transmission through a transmission belt; after the spindle rod 13 in the spindle box 11 completes the preset axial feed amount, the swing motor intervenes and drives the shaft column 22 to rotate forward and reverse through the swing shaft 25; specifically, the alloy drill rod is evenly divided into multiple processing sections along its axial direction, and the rotary slotting device 3 sequentially processes each section, and when the spindle rod 13 in the spindle box 11 pushes the alloy drill rod to complete a unit of axial feed in the rotational motion, the spindle rod 13 can rotate in the opposite direction, so that the rotary slotting device 3 is in the middle of the processing section. At the bottom position, the spindle rod 13 stops its self-driven rotation, and the swing motor intervenes. The swing shaft 25 enables the rotary slotting device 3 to repeatedly and quickly process the processing section of the alloy drill rod in rapid forward and reverse motion. This setting can avoid cumulative errors in long-stroke processing, form a "micro-forging effect" through high-frequency reciprocating cutting, improve surface grain arrangement, and increase the cutting time ratio to 85%, thereby improving efficiency by 40%. It also allows for sufficient coolant infiltration (interval time of 0.5s), stabilizes the tool tip temperature below 600°C (conventionally up to 900°C), and reduces the tool wear rate to 1 / 3 of the conventional method (lifespan increases from 500 pieces to 1500 pieces).

[0028] In this embodiment, a positioning plate 5 is vertically fixed in the sleeve seat 42, and a micro drill 51 is vertically slidably connected to the positioning plate 5 through a slide rail; the inner wall of the sleeve seat 42 is provided with arc-shaped liquid channels 52 on both sides of the micro drill 51, and the arc-shaped liquid channels 52 are externally connected to a liquid supply pipe, and the inner wall of the sleeve seat 42 is provided with a plurality of jet holes 53, and the jet holes 53 are connected to the arc-shaped liquid channels 52; a drain port 54 is provided at the lower part of the inner wall of the sleeve seat 42, wherein the micro drill 51 can be vertically aimed at the axis of the alloy drill rod, so that it can be used in the horizontal movement of the alloy drill rod. For its surface processing and drilling, the liquid supply pipe can circulate and provide cutting fluid during the processing, and the cutting waste fluid can be discharged and collected through the drain port 54; specifically, after the alloy drill rod is clamped, the spindle rod 13 in the spindle box 11 can realize horizontal spiral transmission of the alloy drill rod in the forward rotation. At this time, the micro-drilling rigs 51 located in each sleeve seat 42 can process and drill the alloy drill rod. After the overall preliminary processing is completed, the spindle rod 13 causes the alloy drill rod to be reversely spirally transmitted in the reverse rotation, thereby performing secondary processing on it, thereby realizing spiral groove pre-drilling in multiple repeated processing.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment, the rotary grooving device 3 includes: a frame 31, on the side of which a first rotating seat 32 is slidably installed through a linear guide pair, the outside of the first rotating seat 32 is equipped with a guide frame 33, and a sliding seat 34 is slidably installed on the guide frame 33 through a ball screw mechanism; one side end face of the sliding seat 34 is equipped with a second rotating seat 35, and the second rotating seat 35 is equipped with a fixed beam plate 36, and a cyclone tool 37 is rotatably set in the fixed beam plate 36, wherein the first rotating seat 32 can realize the preliminary adjustment of the spatial angle of the cyclone tool 37, and the second rotating seat 35 is used for fine adjustment of the angle of the cyclone tool 37 after adjustment, so as to realize the ±30° inclination adjustment of the cyclone tool 37 to adapt to different spiral angle requirements.

[0030] In this embodiment, the micro drill 51 in the spiral feeding unit 4 opens the spiral groove on the surface of the alloy drill rod before the rotary groover 3, and the rotary groover 3 grooves the alloy drill rod based on the spiral groove.

[0031] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for processing spiral grooves of a cemented carbide drill, characterized in that: It includes: machine tools A main body (1) is provided with a horizontally fixed slide rail frame (12) inside, and the slide rail frame (12) is slidably and adjustably equipped with a machine base (2). A spindle box (11) is fixed on one side of the slide rail frame (12) in the machine tool main body (1), and a spiral feeding unit (4) is provided between the spindle box (11) and the machine base (2). Two clamping ports are symmetrically provided in the spiral feeding unit (4) for horizontally clamping and positioning the end of the alloy drill rod; A rotary slotting device (3) is installed in the machine tool body (1) at the same level as the spiral feeding unit (4); The spiral feeding unit (4) comprises: two fixed guide cylinders (41) symmetrically arranged, each of the fixed guide cylinders (41) being fixed to the machine base and the spindle box (11), respectively; a shaft sleeve seat (42) is coaxially fixed to the opposite sides of the two fixed guide cylinders (41); the shaft sleeve seat (42) and the internal combination of the fixed guide cylinders (41) form a guide cavity (43); a horizontally arranged guide rod (44) is fixed in the guide cavity (43), and a collar (45) is slidably mounted on the guide rod (44); A clamping chuck (46) is coaxially rotatably provided in the collar (45), and the end of the alloy drill rod is clamped and fixed in the clamping chuck (46); A positioning plate (5) is vertically fixed in the shaft sleeve seat (42), and a micro-drill (51) is vertically slidably connected to the positioning plate (5) via a slide rail; A shaft sleeve (21) is fixed in the machine base (2), a shaft column (22) is coaxially arranged in the shaft sleeve (21), and one end of the shaft column (22) is connected to the clamping chuck (46); The outer wall of the shaft column (22) is provided with a spiral guide groove (23), and the inner wall of the shaft sleeve (21) is circumferentially distributed with a plurality of guide pins (24), each of the guide pins (24) being slidably connected to the spiral guide groove (23); A spindle rod (13) is horizontally rotatably connected in the spindle box (11), an inner shaft (14) is slidably provided in the center of the spindle rod (13), and one end of the inner shaft (14) is connected to a clamping chuck (46); A swing shaft (25) is provided in the machine base (2) for horizontal rotation. The swing shaft (25) and the shaft column (22) are provided concentrically. A connecting shaft (26) is slidably connected in the swing shaft (25). One end of the connecting shaft (26) extends into the shaft column (22) and is fixed to the shaft column (22). A swing motor is provided outside the machine base (2), and an output end of the swing motor is connected to the swing shaft (25) via a transmission belt for transmission; After the spindle rod (13) in the spindle box (11) completes the preset axial feed amount, the swing motor intervenes and drives the shaft column (22) to rotate forward and reverse through the swing shaft (25).

2. The device for processing spiral grooves of a cemented carbide drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the shaft sleeve seat (42) is provided with arc-shaped liquid channels (52) on both sides of the micro-drill (51), and the outer side of the arc-shaped liquid channels (52) is connected to a liquid supply pipe. The inner wall of the shaft sleeve seat (42) is provided with a plurality of jet holes (53), and the jet holes (53) are connected to the arc-shaped liquid channels (52); A liquid drain port (54) is provided below the inner wall of the shaft sleeve seat (42).

3. The device for processing spiral grooves of a cemented carbide drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaft column (22) is fed axially along the shaft sleeve (21), and the sliding action of the guide pin (24) and the spiral guide groove (23) causes the alloy drill rod between the clamping chucks (46) to synchronously generate a composite motion of circumferential rotation and axial feeding, and the curvature radius of the spiral guide groove (23) maintains a preset ratio with the designed curvature radius of the spiral groove to be processed in the alloy drill rod.

4. The device for processing spiral grooves of a cemented carbide drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary slotting device (3) comprises: a frame (31), a first rotating seat (32) being slidably mounted on the side of the frame via a linear guide pair, a guide rail frame (33) being mounted on the outside of the first rotating seat (32), and a sliding seat (34) being slidably mounted on the guide rail frame (33) via a ball screw mechanism; A second rotating seat (35) is installed on one end surface of the sliding seat (34), a fixed beam plate (36) is assembled on the second rotating seat (35), and a cyclone cutter (37) is rotatably arranged in the fixed beam plate (36).

5. The device for processing spiral grooves of a cemented carbide drill according to claim 4, characterized in that: The micro drill (51) in the spiral feeding unit (4) creates spiral grooves on the surface of the alloy drill rod before the rotary groove forming device (3), and the rotary groove forming device (3) processes the grooves on the alloy drill rod based on the spiral grooves.

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