Mobile working machine and driving system thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a mobile working machine, in particular a mobile crane, comprising a movable chassis, a superstructure rotatably mounted on the chassis and detachably connected to the chassis by means of a coupling device, and a mechanical force transmission device, wherein the chassis comprises a motor and a first shaft which can be mechanically driven by the motor and which is mechanically connected to a second shaft of the superstructure by means of the force transmission device. According to the invention, either the force transmission device is rotatably mounted on the chassis and is detachably connected to the second shaft by means of a mechanical interface, or the force transmission device is mounted on the superstructure in a rotationally fixed manner and is detachably connected to the first shaft by means of a mechanical interface. According to the invention, the invention also relates to a drive system for a working machine according to the invention.

Description

Field of the Invention

[0001] The present invention relates to a mobile working machine, in particular a mobile crane, and a drive system for such a mobile working machine. Background Art

[0002] Mobile working machines generally have a movable undercarriage and a superstructure rotatably mounted thereon, such as a rail crane, a crawler crane or a mobile crane. The latter can generally be moved on public roads and have a wheeled chassis, the axles of which must take into account the maximum axle load on public roads, depending on the country. For example, in Germany, the maximum load per axle of a mobile crane is 12 tons. This limits the mass that can be used to increase the load capacity of such mobile cranes.

[0003] One way to increase the maximum load capacity of a mobile crane is to remove certain components from the mobile crane for movement on public roads. However, this increases the amount of work required to install the mobile crane for work at any time. However, the higher achievable load capacity can offset this amount of work, and thus this amount of work can be rationalized in some cases. The components that can be disassembled are the superstructure and the boom, and the booms of most mobile cranes are telescopic. Since these components are heavy, they can be transported to the work site as separate transport units. The mobile crane with the undercarriage can be driven alone on public roads to the work site. However, these considerations regarding components that can be disassembled and transported separately apply not only to mobile cranes, but also to other mobile machines that can be disassembled into separate transport units.

[0004] Larger mobile cranes are usually equipped with two motors, an undercarriage motor in the undercarriage and a superstructure motor in the superstructure. The undercarriage motor is usually used to drive the entire crane, while the superstructure motor usually drives a hydraulic motor, which is used to perform conventional crane functions (such as boom luffing, rotating the superstructure, operating the cable winch, etc.).

[0005] Mobile cranes with a single-motor configuration are also known, which have only one motor in the undercarriage. Since the motor in the superstructure and its weight are omitted, these weights can be used for the lifting capacity of the crane and / or the stability of various components. Therefore, the consumers in the superstructure must be powered by the undercarriage. For this purpose, so-called "hydraulic shafts" are usually used, and hydraulic oil is fed into the superstructure through a rotary feedthrough between the undercarriage and the superstructure and supplied directly or indirectly to the corresponding crane actuators. However, these hydraulic shafts are not only structurally complex, but also difficult to remove the superstructure from the undercarriage for transportation.

[0006] Alternatively, a mechanical linkage driven by a chassis motor can also be introduced into the superstructure through a rotary feedthrough to drive, for example, a pump transfer gearbox (Pumpenverteilergetriebe) in the superstructure. However, this solution has so far only been used for smaller mobile cranes that are transported without removing the superstructure, because with the previous solutions, the cost of separating the mechanical linkage was too high. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In this context, the object of the present invention is to provide a mobile working machine of the same type, the superstructure of which can be quickly and easily separated from the chassis for transportation and connected to the chassis in the working state.

[0008] According to the present invention, this object can be achieved by a working machine according to one aspect of the present invention and a drive system according to another aspect of the present invention. Advantageous embodiments of the present invention are specified in other aspects of the present invention and in the following description.

[0009] Therefore, a mobile working machine, in particular a mobile crane, is proposed, which includes a movable chassis, a superstructure rotatably mounted on the chassis, and a mechanical power transmission device. The superstructure is detachably coupled to the chassis by a coupling device, such that the superstructure can be removed from the chassis to enable separate transportation of the chassis and the superstructure. In this example, the separable connection between the superstructure and the chassis means a connection configured to regularly remove and install the superstructure.

[0010] This separation can be carried out frequently without significant wear, which is particularly not applicable to the separation at the expansion screws of the roller slewing ring (Rollendrehkranz), because these bolts must be replaced after at most a few separation processes. Therefore, the above-mentioned separable connection between the superstructure and the chassis does not include the separation of the expansion screws of the roller and cage assembly (Rollenkranzes) that is usually provided. Alternatively, the working machine according to the present invention preferably includes a quick coupling device for separating the superstructure and the chassis, so as to enable quick and easy assembly and disassembly of the superstructure. The quick coupling device may include a bolt connection.

[0011] In this example, a threaded connection is not understood as a quick connector or a quick coupling device.

[0012] The undercarriage includes an electric motor and a first shaft that can be mechanically driven by the electric motor. The superstructure includes a second shaft that is particularly used to drive one or more consumers of the superstructure, such as a pump power take-off. The second shaft is mechanically connected or connectable to the first shaft by a power transmission device. Thus, the undercarriage electric motor mechanically drives the second shaft through the first shaft and the power transmission device. This eliminates the need for a separate superstructure electric motor, thereby reducing the weight. Energy is transmitted from the undercarriage to the superstructure in a mechanical manner rather than a hydraulic manner, so there is no need for a complex and leak-prone "hydraulic shaft".

[0013] According to a first alternative of the present invention, the power transmission device is rotatably mounted on the undercarriage and detachably connected to the second shaft through a mechanical interface. In this case, the power transmission device can be regarded as a part of the undercarriage, and when the undercarriage moves alone, the power transmission device can still remain on the undercarriage. In this case, the power transmission device is preferably always connected to the undercarriage, especially in the operating state where the superstructure is rotatably connected to the undercarriage. In order to be able to remove the superstructure from the undercarriage, the second shaft must be separated from the power transmission device. This can be quickly and easily done through a mechanical interface provided specifically for this purpose, which can include a threaded connection in the simplest case, but preferably a quick connector.

[0014] According to a second alternative of the present invention, the power transmission device can be torsionally resistant mounted on the superstructure and detachably connected to the first shaft through a mechanical interface. In this case, the power transmission device can be regarded as a part of the superstructure, and when the undercarriage moves alone, the power transmission device can still remain on the superstructure. In this case, the power transmission device is preferably always connected to the superstructure, especially in the operating state where the superstructure is rotatably connected to the undercarriage. In order to be able to remove the superstructure from the undercarriage, the first shaft must be separated from the power transmission device. This can be quickly and easily done through a mechanical interface provided specifically for this purpose, which can include a threaded connection in the simplest case, but preferably a quick connector.

[0015] Therefore, the separation between the undercarriage and the superstructure occurs at the above-mentioned mechanical interface between the power transmission device and the second shaft or between the power transmission device and the first shaft (and especially at the slewing bearing between the undercarriage and the superstructure).

[0016] In the case where the force transmission device is rotatably mounted on the undercarriage, when the working machine is in the working state, i.e., when the superstructure is mounted on the undercarriage, the force transmission device can rotate together with the superstructure. Therefore, the mechanical force transmission from the undercarriage to the superstructure is independent of the rotational position of the superstructure relative to the undercarriage. This also applies to the alternative case where the force transmission device is torsionally resistant connected to the superstructure, because in this case, the force transmission device is preferably not connected to the undercarriage (except for the first shaft). Therefore, according to the solution of the present invention, the transmission of mechanical energy or force from the undercarriage to the superstructure can be achieved regardless of the size of the working machine. Therefore, in particular, single-motor operation of equipment with a superstructure that is frequently disassembled for transportation (such as large mobile cranes) can be realized.

[0017] In the case where the force transmission device is rotatably mounted on the undercarriage, the force transmission device is preferably arranged on the upper side of the undercarriage so that the connection to the superstructure or the second shaft can be easily implemented. In particular, the force transmission device can be located in the area of the slewing bearing between the superstructure and the undercarriage.

[0018] For example, if there is not enough space on or within the superstructure for the force transmission device, the first alternative (the force transmission device is rotatably mounted on the undercarriage) may be preferred.

[0019] The undercarriage can have a wheeled chassis, and other chassis such as a rail chassis or crawler can also be envisaged. In particular, the superstructure is mounted on the undercarriage so that it can rotate about a vertical axis.

[0020] In a possible embodiment, it is provided that the force transmission device is or includes a bevel gear unit. The bevel gear unit deflects the mechanical linkage running between the undercarriage and the superstructure laterally and, in an optional embodiment, can also have a fixed or adjustable torque ratio. The bevel gear unit preferably includes a first mechanical interface and / or includes a second mechanical interface. Through the first mechanical interface, the bevel gear unit is mechanically and detachably connected or connectable to the second shaft, and through the second mechanical interface, the bevel gear unit is mechanically and detachably connected or connectable to the first shaft.

[0021] Optionally, two mechanical interfaces can also be provided, through which the force transmission device is respectively connected to the first shaft and the second shaft. When the superstructure and the undercarriage are separated, it is preferably disengaged only at one of the mechanical interfaces. Both mechanical interfaces can include quick connectors (i.e., the coupling or disengagement is not implemented through a simple threaded connection). Alternatively, one of the mechanical interfaces can include a quick connector, while the other mechanical interface can include, for example, a threaded connection.

[0022] In another possible embodiment, it is provided that the force transmission device is rotatably mounted on the undercarriage and detachably connected to the second shaft via a mechanical interface, wherein the working machine includes bearing means which support the force transmission device and rotatably connect it to the undercarriage. The bearing means preferably includes a first slewing bearing connected to the undercarriage. The first slewing bearing is particularly designed as a rolling bearing. The first slewing bearing of the bearing means is preferably not actively rotatable, but the bearing means or the force transmission device is coupled to the superstructure such that the bearing means or the force transmission device is rotated passively together with the superstructure. The first slewing bearing preferably forms a rotary feedthrough for a first shaft which is guided from inside the undercarriage through the slewing bearing to the force transmission device outside.

[0023] In another possible embodiment, it is provided that the coupling means includes a slewing bearing (hereinafter referred to as the "second slewing bearing" to distinguish it from the first slewing bearing provided in the bearing means). The second slewing bearing is preferably designed as a rolling bearing, in particular a large rolling bearing The superstructure preferably has a rotary drive device for actively rotating the superstructure via the slewing bearing. The rotary drive device can be, for example, a hydraulic drive device. The first and second slewing bearings can be designed to be concentric.

[0024] The second slewing bearing preferably includes a first slewing bearing connected to the undercarriage and a second slewing bearing connected to the superstructure, and the two slewing bearings are detachably connected to each other via a quick coupling device ("quick connection"). Thereby, the superstructure can be separated from or connected to the undercarriage relatively quickly and easily. For example, the undercarriage and the superstructure can be transported as separate transport devices. The quick coupling device can be detachably locked to each other via a plurality of bolts based on a dovetail connection between the above-mentioned slewing bearing components. However, different embodiments can also be envisaged here which allow the superstructure to be assembled or disassembled quickly and easily in a mechanical manner and are configured for this purpose.

[0025] In another possible embodiment, it is provided that the bearing means is arranged within the second slewing bearing. The two slewing bearings are preferably configured to rotate independently of each other. Each slewing bearing can include a rolling bearing which can be arranged concentrically with the axis of rotation of the superstructure.

[0026] In another possible embodiment, it is provided that the bearing device includes at least one damping element, and the force transmission device is connected to the chassis in a vibration-damping manner through the at least one damping element. The at least one damping element may be an elastic component, such as a spring or an elastomeric bearing. The at least one damping element balances the vibration or relative movement between the chassis and the superstructure, thereby protecting the mechanical drive system between the chassis and the superstructure. The bearing device preferably includes a plurality of damping element arrangements that are symmetric about the axis of rotation of the force transmission device. For example, an arrangement of four damping elements can be envisaged, and these four damping elements form the corners of a rectangle or a square. Of course, other arrangements with a number of damping elements less than (e.g., three) or more than four can also be used.

[0027] In another possible embodiment, it is provided that the above-mentioned bearing device includes a drive device, which interacts with the slip ring device of the coupling device and transmits the rotational movement of the bearing device to the slip ring transmitter of the slip ring device. This means that the drive device only needs to be adjusted once, and then even if the superstructure is removed, the drive device can still remain on the chassis.

[0028] In another possible embodiment, it is provided that the first shaft and / or the second shaft includes a universal joint shaft. The first shaft and / or the second shaft may include a plurality of universal joint shafts, and the plurality of universal joint shafts are articulated to each other through universal joints, for example. The first shaft may include a main shaft and an angular drive device, so that the first shaft can be guided from below, particularly parallel to or almost parallel to the axis of rotation of the superstructure, to the force transmission device. The first shaft is guided through a rotary feedthrough between the chassis and the superstructure by the main shaft. The force transmission device is preferably located on the upper side of the chassis.

[0029] In another possible embodiment, it is provided that the mechanical interface for detachably connecting the force transmission device to the first shaft and / or the second shaft is or includes a quick connector. Thus, the corresponding shaft can be quickly and easily removed from or connected to the force transmission device, thereby facilitating and accelerating the assembly and disassembly of the superstructure. The quick connector preferably includes a first quick connector part having a shaped pin and a second quick connector part having a mating part that matches the shaped pin, and the two parts are plugged into each other, so that they can be releasably connected to each other in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner. Optionally, the connection can be reversibly locked through a locking device, such as a bolt or a split pin. For example, the above-mentioned pin can represent one end of the rotatable shaft of the force transmission device, and the receiving part can represent one end of the first shaft and / or the second shaft pointing to the force transmission device (and vice versa).

[0030] In another possible embodiment, it is provided that the working machine includes a fixing device to which an uncoupled shaft can be releasably connected in a support position in a state separated from the power transmission device. If the superstructure is removed from the undercarriage, the corresponding shaft is thus separated from the power transmission device, and the power transmission device can be fastened or fixed by the fixing device. As described above, the connection between the fixing device and the shaft preferably also forms a quick connector as described above.

[0031] In the case where the power transmission device is rotatably mounted on the undercarriage, the fixing device can be arranged on the superstructure. Thereby, a second shaft separated from the power transmission device can be detachably connected to the fixing device on the superstructure in a support position. In an alternative case, where the power transmission device is torsionally resistant mounted on the superstructure, the fixing device can be arranged on the undercarriage to receive the uncoupled first shaft.

[0032] In another possible embodiment, it is provided that the power transmission device is rotatably mounted on the undercarriage, and the working machine includes a locking device by which the power transmission device can be locked to the undercarriage or the superstructure in a reversible and rigid rotation (rotationsstarr) manner. Preferably, in the working state where the superstructure is connected to the undercarriage, the power transmission device can be connected to the superstructure in a rigid rotation manner by the locking device, such that when the superstructure rotates relative to the undercarriage, the power transmission device rotates together with the superstructure. In the transport state where the superstructure is separated from the undercarriage, the power transmission device can be connected to the undercarriage in a rigid rotation manner by the locking device, such that for example when the undercarriage moves, the power transmission device does not rotate accidentally.

[0033] The locking device can preferably be actuated remotely, for example by a Bowden cable. In the case of manual actuation, an actuating element (such as a lever) for locking to the undercarriage or the superstructure can be arranged in the region of the power transmission device (such as on the bearing device of the power transmission device) or at other positions on the undercarriage. The actuating element should be easily accessible from the outside. In addition, actuation based on an actuator can also be envisaged, which can be carried out by, for example, the driver's cab of the undercarriage or a mobile device.

[0034] In another possible embodiment, it is provided that the locking device includes a first locking element which is connected to the bearing device and selectively engages with a second locking element arranged on the undercarriage or a third locking element arranged on the superstructure. For example, the first locking element can be a safety catch which can be locked to the second locking element or the third locking element according to its position (and the position of the superstructure).

[0035] In another possible embodiment, it is provided that the superstructure does not have a drive motor (single-motor operation, the superstructure is powered by the undercarriage). Alternatively or additionally, the superstructure may further include at least one consumer (such as a pump power take-off), wherein all consumers of the superstructure are driven directly or indirectly via a second shaft.

[0036] In another possible embodiment, it is provided that the working machine is designed as a mobile crane, wherein the undercarriage includes a wheeled chassis and the superstructure includes a boom, in particular a telescopic boom. The superstructure can be separated from the undercarriage by a coupling device and transported separately, wherein the undercarriage can preferably move independently without the superstructure. The undercarriage preferably has an undercarriage driver's cab through which the undercarriage can move on the road without the superstructure installed. The superstructure can have superstructure ballast means and / or a superstructure driver's cab.

[0037] The invention also relates to a drive system for a working machine according to the invention. As described above, the drive system includes an electric motor, a first shaft that can be mechanically driven by the electric motor, a second shaft, and a force transmission device that is detachably connected to the first shaft and / or the second shaft through at least one mechanical interface and mechanically connects the two shafts to each other. According to the first alternative described above, the drive system can include a slewing bearing through which the force transmission device can be connected or rotatably connected to the undercarriage of the working machine, wherein the force transmission device is detachably connected to the first shaft through a mechanical interface. Alternatively, the force transmission device is connected or can be connected to the superstructure in a torsion-resistant manner.

[0038] This obviously has the same performance and advantages as the working machine according to the invention, so there is no need to repeat the description. In particular, the drive system can be configured according to any of the above-described embodiments or any combination thereof, as long as the above embodiments relate to the components of the drive system (the first shaft, the second shaft, the force transmission device, the electric motor, the bearing device, the first slewing bearing, the locking device, etc.). Description of the Drawings

[0039] More features, details and advantages of the invention can be found in the exemplary embodiments explained below with reference to the drawings, wherein:

[0040] Figure 1 : shows a side view of a mobile working machine according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;

[0041] Figure 2 : shows a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the force transmission device in the working state;

[0042] Figure 3 : shows a perspective view of the force transmission device mounted on the undercarriage in the transport state;

[0043] Figure 4 : A perspective view showing the superstructure in a transport state;

[0044] Figures 5 to 6 : A side view showing the power transmission device in a state locked to the undercarriage and the superstructure; and

[0045] Figure 7 : A cross-sectional view showing the coupling device according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Description

[0046] Figure 1 A side view showing an exemplary embodiment of a working machine 10 in the form of a mobile crane according to the present invention. Although the following description of the exemplary embodiment is made with reference to this mobile crane, the drive system according to the present invention is not limited to such a mobile crane, but can be used for different working machines having an undercarriage and a superstructure.

[0047] The mobile crane 10 includes an undercarriage 12 having a plurality of axles and an undercarriage driver's cab 15, and a superstructure 14 mounted on the undercarriage 12 via a coupling device 20 about a vertical rotation axis, the superstructure having a boom 16 that can be luffed up and down about a horizontal swing axis. As Figure 1 shown, the superstructure 14 may also have a superstructure driver's cab 17. In the present exemplary embodiment, the boom 16 is configured as a telescopic boom and can be rotated about a horizontal swing axis by means of one or more luffing cylinders 18.

[0048] The coupling device 20 includes a slewing bearing 23 in the form of a large rolling bearing, which is common in large mobile cranes. The coupling device 20 is configured such that the superstructure 14 can be separated from the undercarriage 12. Thus, the superstructure 14 and its relatively large self-weight can be transported to the work site as a transport unit independent of the undercarriage 12. In the absence of the superstructure 14, the undercarriage 12 can travel on public roads and, due to the reduced weight, can meet the compliant axle loads. In order to be able to regularly install and disassemble the superstructure 14, the coupling device 20 is configured specifically for this purpose and preferably includes a special quick coupling device 26 that can quickly and easily install and disassemble the superstructure.

[0049] Figure 7Cross-sectional view showing an exemplary embodiment of the slewing bearing 23. In this variant, the quick-connect device 26 is based on a tenon-and-mortise connection. The slewing bearing 23 includes a first quick-connect component 21 and a second quick-connect component 22. The first quick-connect component 21 is connected to the undercarriage 12, in particular by a threaded connection; the second quick-connect component 22 is connected to the superstructure 14, in particular by a threaded connection. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the first quick-connect component 21 has an annular circumferential groove, while the second quick-connect component 22 has a corresponding annular circumferential web that is located within the groove in the connected state. The two quick-connect components 21 and 22 are each provided with a plurality of bolt receiving portions distributed circumferentially, and corresponding locking bolts 24 can be inserted through these bolt receiving portions to releasably lock the undercarriage 12 and the superstructure 14.

[0050] In Figure 7 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the second quick-connect component 22 includes the above-mentioned large rolling bearing. Alternatively, this large rolling bearing can be installed in the first quick-connect component 21. Similarly, conversely, the first quick-connect component 21 can include a web, and the second quick-connect component 22 can include a groove.

[0051] The undercarriage 12 has a motor that drives one or more consumers of the superstructure 14, such as a pump power take-off for supplying power to the luffing cylinder 18 and other hydraulic consumers. This is achieved through a mechanical drive system that extends from the undercarriage 12 through the slewing bearing 23 between the undercarriage 12 and the superstructure 14 into the superstructure 14. The drive system includes a first shaft 51 in the undercarriage 12 and a second shaft 52 in the superstructure 14. These two shafts are mechanically coupled to each other by a force transmission device 30. The undercarriage motor rotatably drives the first shaft 51, and the rotational movement is transmitted to the second shaft 52 through the force transmission device 30. The two shafts 51 and 52 are formed as universal joint shafts and can include a plurality of individual shafts that are articulated together. The first shaft 51 is guided substantially vertically (i.e., almost parallel to the rotational axis of the superstructure 14) in the direction of the superstructure 14 through the slewing bearing 23. For this purpose, the first shaft 51 can include a main shaft and a bevel gear drive arranged in the undercarriage 12 to deflect the shaft 51 in the direction of the superstructure 14.

[0052] The mechanical drive system must be disconnected or separated to disassemble the superstructure 14. To facilitate this work easily, the force transmission device 30 that couples the first shaft 51 and the second shaft 52 to each other has a mechanical interface 40 at which separation can be performed.

[0053] Figure 2A perspective view of a preferred exemplary embodiment of a drive system or power transmission device 30 according to the present invention is shown, in which a slewing bearing 23 between a chassis 12 and a superstructure 14 is shown. Here, a part of the superstructure 14 is hidden to observe the power transmission device 30 located within the slewing bearing 23. In this exemplary embodiment, the power transmission device is configured as an angle drive 30, which is mechanically connected to a first shaft 51 on the bottom side and a second shaft 52 on the side via the aforementioned mechanical interface 40. As Figure 2 shown, the shafts 51 and 52 can be universal joints. In this exemplary embodiment, the power transmission device 30 is rotatably connected to the chassis 12, and when the chassis 12 moves alone (i.e., without the superstructure 14), the power transmission device 30 also remains on the chassis 12.

[0054] In the shown exemplary embodiment, the mechanical interface 40 is configured as a quick coupling to enable quick and easy disconnection of the second shaft 52 from the angle drive 30 or its connection to the angle drive.

[0055] Figure 3 The angle drive 30 after removing the superstructure 14 is shown, in which a part of the slewing bearing 23 connected to the chassis 12 is hidden. The angle drive 30 is firmly connected to the chassis 12 via a bearing device 32, more precisely, the upper side of the chassis 12. The bearing device 32 also includes a slewing bearing 33, preferably designed as a rolling bearing. Thus, the mobile crane 10 has two slewing bearings 23, 33, which can rotate independently of each other. To distinguish them, the slewing bearing of the bearing device 32 will be referred to as the first slewing bearing 33 hereinafter, and the slewing bearing of the coupling device 20 will be referred to as the second slewing bearing 23. Among them, the first slewing bearing 33 is not used to support the superstructure 14, but is used to rotatably support and guide the power transmission device 30 so that it can follow the rotational movement of the superstructure 14. The two slewing bearings 23, 33 are arranged concentrically with each other.

[0056] In the shown exemplary embodiment, the bearing device 32 includes a bracket 34, which is connected to the first slewing bearing 33. The angle drive 30 is connected to a bracket 35, and the bracket 35 is connected to the bracket 34 via the arrangement of damping elements 36. The shown exemplary embodiment has four symmetrically arranged damping elements 36, for example, they can be designed as elastomeric bearings. The arrangement of springs can also be envisaged. The elastic mounting of the angle drive 30 can compensate for the relative movement between the chassis 12 and the superstructure 14, and the vibration of the angle drive 30 is transmitted to the chassis 12.

[0057] The bearing device 32 can include a drive device 38 (see Figure 3), the drive device can be connected, for example, to the carriage 34 or the support 35. The rotational movement of the bearing device 32 and the rotational movement of the superstructure 14 can be transmitted by the drive device 38 to the slip ring transmitter of the slip ring device arranged in the rotary feedthrough. The slip ring device can surround the first axis 51.

[0058] Figure 3 Shows the part on the side of the angle drive of the quick connector forming the mechanical interface 40. The quick connector includes a first quick connector part 41 in the form of a profiled pin arranged on the angle drive 30. The end of the second shaft 52 pointing to the angle drive 30 has a complementary-shaped receiving part that can be pushed onto the pin 41 to form a second quick connector part. Thus, when disassembling the superstructure 14, the second shaft 52 can be quickly and easily separated from the angle drive 30; when assembling the superstructure 14, the second shaft 52 can be quickly and easily connected to the angle drive 30 again.

[0059] Figure 4 Shows a perspective view of the disassembled superstructure 14. In the present exemplary embodiment, the second shaft 52 is mounted in the fixing device 70. The fixing device can have corresponding pins in the same way as the angle drive 30, so that the receiving part (i.e., the second quick connector part) of the second shaft 52 can be connected to this pin in the transport position. Thus, during the transportation of the superstructure 14, the second shaft is fixed in the transport position.

[0060] In the working position where the superstructure 14 is connected to the undercarriage 12, the angle drive 30 is coupled to the superstructure 14 so that both rotate about a common axis of rotation. This can be achieved by two slewing bearings 23 and 33. Thereby, the superstructure consumer can be driven by the mechanical drive system in any rotational position of the superstructure 14. However, in the transport position, i.e., the position where the superstructure 14 is separated from the undercarriage 12, the angle drive 30 should be connected to the undercarriage 12 in a rotationally fixed manner so as not to move accidentally, for example, when driving on the road.

[0061] For this purpose, the mobile crane 10 can include a locking device, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, Figure 5 and Figure 6 Each shows a side view of the bearing device 32 after removing the superstructure 14.

[0062] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the locking device includes a Bowden cable which can be manually operated by a rod 64 (= actuating element) arranged on the bracket 34. A first locking element 61 in the form of a safety catch (safety catch) is pivotally mounted on a bracket bolted to the first slewing bearing 33. At a corresponding and appropriately defined position beside the side of the first slewing bearing 33, a second locking element 62 in the form of a receiving portion is located on the upper side of the chassis 12, and the safety catch 61 can extend into this receiving portion in a first position (see Figure 5 ). In this first position, the bearing device 32 and thus the angular drive 30 are torsionally connected to the chassis 12, thereby eliminating the only degree of freedom.

[0063] On the superstructure 14 there is a third locking element 63 in the form of a corresponding receiving portion for the safety catch 61. In a second position (see Figure 6 ), the safety catch 61 moves into the receiving portion 63 on the superstructure 14 and torsionally couples the bearing device 32 to the superstructure 14. For this purpose, the superstructure 14 must be in a certain angular position relative to the chassis 12 such that the safety catch 61 can extend into the receiving portion 63. As described above, the rotation of the safety catch 61 or the conversion between the first and second positions is achieved by the Bowden cable. However, other mechanisms for actuating the first locking element 61 can also be envisaged, for example by a piston rod. In addition, actuation by an actuator can also be envisaged.

[0064] To establish the working position, the superstructure 14 is placed on the chassis 12. The superstructure 14 is centered by receiving on the quick coupling device 26 of the coupling device 20 (“quick connection”, see Figure 7 ). The remotely actuated locking device releases the connection of the bearing device 32 to the chassis 12 and establishes a connection to the superstructure 14. The safety catch 61 rotates into the receiving portion 63 on the superstructure 14 (see Figure 6 ). Thereby, the rotational movement of the superstructure 14 is transmitted to the bearing device 32 and thus to the angular drive 30. To connect the second universal joint shaft 52 to the angular drive 30, this shaft must be removed from the fixing device 70 and connected to the angular drive 30 using the quick connector 40 (see Figure 2 ).

[0065] Before the superstructure 14 rotates, the rod 64 must be in a position connected to the superstructure 14. It can be envisaged that the second shaft 52 can only be installed when the rod 64 is in the correct position. Alternatively, it can also be envisaged to monitor, for example, by one or more sensors which are arranged on the superstructure 14 and / or the chassis 12 and receive the correct position of the superstructure 14 relative to the chassis 12 (which enables the connection by the rod 64) and send it to the control unit of the working machine 10.

[0066] In terms of degrees of freedom, the structure of the first slewing bearing 33 is similar to that of the second slewing bearing 23. The only relevant degree of freedom here is rotation. When driving on public roads and operating the first axle 51, it is particularly important to absorb the accelerating force.

[0067] As Figures 2 to 6 an alternative to the solution shown, the force transmission device 30 can also be connected to the superstructure 14 in a torsion-resistant manner and connected or connectable to the first axle 51 via a mechanical interface 40, in particular in the form of the quick coupling shown. In this case, the force transmission device 30 will remain on the superstructure 14 and be separated from the first axle 51 during the dismantling process.

[0068] List of reference numerals:

[0069] 10 Working machine (mobile crane)

[0070] 12 Underframe

[0071] 14 Superstructure

[0072] 15 Underframe driver's cab

[0073] 16 Boom

[0074] 17 Superstructure driver's cab

[0075] 18 Luffing cylinder

[0076] 20 Coupling device

[0077] 21 First slewing bearing component (first quick coupling component)

[0078] 22 Second slewing bearing component (second quick coupling component with roller slewing bearing)

[0079] 23 Second slewing bearing

[0080] 24 Locking bolt

[0081] 26 Quick coupling device

[0082] 30 Force transmission device (angle drive)

[0083] 32 Bearing device

[0084] 33 First slewing bearing

[0085] 34 Bracket

[0086] 35 Support

[0087] 36 Damping element

[0088] 38 Drive device

[0089] 40 Mechanical interface (quick connector)

[0090] 41 First quick connector component

[0091] 51 First shaft

[0092] 52 Second shaft

[0093] 61 First locking element (safety latch)

[0094] 62 Second locking element

[0095] 63 Third locking element (accommodation part)

[0096] 64 Actuating element

[0097] 70 Fixing device.

Claims

1. A mobile working machine (10), in particular a mobile crane, comprising: A movable chassis (12); an upper structure (14) rotatably mounted on the underframe (12) and detachably connected to the underframe (12) via a coupling device (20); and a mechanical force transmission device (30), wherein the underframe (12) comprises a motor and a first shaft (51), the first shaft (51) being mechanically drivable by the motor and mechanically connected to a second shaft (52) of the upper structure (14) via the force transmission device (30), Features The force transmission device (30) is rotatably mounted on the base frame (12) and is detachably connected to the second shaft (52) via a mechanical interface (40); alternatively, the force transmission device (30) is mounted on the upper structure (14) in a torsionally resistant manner and is detachably connected to the first shaft (51) via a mechanical interface (40).

2. A mobile working machine (10) according to claim 1, wherein the force transmission device (30) is or includes an angular transmission device, and the angular transmission device preferably includes a first mechanical interface and / or a second mechanical interface (40), and the angular transmission device (30) is mechanically and detachably connected to the first shaft (51) and / or the second shaft (52) through the first mechanical interface and / or the second mechanical interface (40).

3. The mobile working machine (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the force transmission device (30) is rotatably mounted on the chassis (12) and is detachably connected to the second shaft (52) via a mechanical interface (40), wherein: The working machine (10) further comprises a bearing device (32), which supports the force transmission device (30) and rotatably connects it to the base frame (12), wherein the bearing device (32) preferably comprises a first slewing bearing (33) connected to the base frame (12) and is preferably formed as a rolling bearing.

4. A mobile working machine (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the coupling device (20) comprises a second slewing bearing (23), which is particularly formed in the form of a rolling bearing, preferably comprising a first slewing bearing part (21) connected to the underframe (12) and a second slewing bearing part (22) connected to the superstructure (14), the first slewing bearing part and the second slewing bearing part being detachably connected to each other by a quick coupling device (26), the quick coupling device particularly comprising a tongue and groove connection that can be bolted.

5. Mobile working machine (10) according to the two preceding claims, wherein the bearing device (32) is arranged in the second slewing bearing (23), wherein the first slewing bearing (33) is preferably configured to be rotatable independently of the second slewing bearing (23).

6. A mobile working machine (10) according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the bearing device (32) includes at least one damping element (36), and the force transmission device (30) is connected to the base frame (12) in a vibration-reducing manner through the damping element, wherein the bearing device (32) preferably includes a plurality of damping elements (36) arranged symmetrically relative to the rotation axis of the force transmission device (30).

7. A mobile working machine (10) according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the bearing device includes a drive device (38), which interacts with a slip ring device of the coupling device (20) and transmits the rotational movement of the bearing device (32) to a slip ring transmitter of the slip ring device.

8. The mobile working machine (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first shaft (51) and / or the second shaft (52) comprises a cardan shaft and / or the first shaft (51) comprises a main shaft and an angular transmission.

9. A mobile working machine (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the mechanical interface (40) is or includes a quick connector, wherein the quick connector (40) preferably includes a first quick connector component (41) having a special-shaped pin and a second quick connector component having a mating piece matching the special-shaped pin, and the first quick connector component and the second quick connector component are detachably connected to each other in a force fit and / or friction fit manner.

10. A mobile working machine (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a fixing device (70), wherein a first shaft (51) or a second shaft (52) separated from the force transmission device (30) can be releasably connected to the fixing device in a supporting position, in particular releasably connected to the fixing device via the quick connector (40), wherein the force transmission device (30) is preferably arranged to be rotatably mounted on the underframe (12), and the fixing device (70) is mounted on the superstructure (14).

11. A mobile working machine (10) according to any of the preceding claims and further developed according to any of claims 3 to 7, comprising a locking device, by means of which the force transmission device (30) can be selectively locked with the underframe (12) or the superstructure (14) in a reversible and rotationally rigid manner, wherein: The force transmission device (30) is preferably connected to the upper structure (14) by means of the locking device in a working state in which the upper structure (14) is connected to the base frame (12), and can be locked with the base frame (12) in a rigid rotation manner in a transport state in which the upper structure (14) is separated from the base frame (12).

12. A mobile working machine (10) according to claim 11, wherein the locking device includes a first locking element (61), which is connected to the bearing device (32), and the first locking element is capable of selectively engaging a second locking element (62) arranged on the frame (12) or a third locking element (63) arranged on the superstructure (14), wherein the locking device preferably includes a Bowden cable.

13. A mobile working machine (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the superstructure (14) has no drive motor and / or wherein the superstructure (14) includes at least one consumer and all consumers of the superstructure (14) are driven directly or indirectly via the second shaft (52).

14. A mobile working machine (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, which is designed as a mobile crane, wherein the underframe (12) includes a wheeled chassis, the superstructure (14) includes a boom (16), in particular a telescopic boom, wherein the superstructure (14) can be removed from the underframe (12) by a connecting device and can be transported separately, wherein the underframe (12) is preferably able to move independently without the superstructure (14).

15. A drive system for a mobile working machine (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a motor, a first shaft (51), a second shaft (52) and a force transmission device (30) that can be mechanically driven by the motor, the force transmission device (30) being detachably connected to the first shaft (51) and / or the second shaft (52) via a mechanical interface (40), and mechanically connecting the first shaft (51) and the second shaft (52) to each other, wherein the drive system preferably comprises a slewing bearing (33), and the force transmission device (30) is rotatably connected or connectable to the frame (12) of the working machine (10) via the slewing bearing (33).

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