Reservoir dredging equipment and usage method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a reservoir desilting device and a method for using the same. The reservoir desilting device includes a pair of high-pressure water guns. A high-pressure water pipe is fixed to the water inlet end of each of the high-pressure water guns. A pipe sleeve is fixed to the outside of each of the high-pressure water pipes. The pipe sleeves are fixed to each other. A circular track is slidably connected to the outside of the pipe sleeve. A lifting mechanism is fixed to the lower end of the circular track. A bottom cylinder is fixed to the lower end of the lifting mechanism. By arranging a lifting mechanism at the bottom of the high-pressure water gun and a bottom plate at the bottom of the lifting mechanism, the high-pressure water gun is supported by the bottom plate on a flat surface. The lifting mechanism can easily adjust the high-pressure water gun to a suitable height. If there is soil next to the reservoir, the ground plug can be moved downward out of the bottom cylinder and protruded from the bottom plate by turning the lower knob. In this way, the ground plug can be inserted into the soil, ensuring the stability of the high-pressure water gun. The operator does not need to carry the high-pressure water gun all the time to operate, thereby reducing the burden on the operator and improving the desilting efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of silt clearing equipment, and in particular to silt clearing equipment for reservoirs and a method of using the same. Background Art

[0002] As global water shortages intensify, reservoirs, as crucial freshwater storage facilities, have a significant impact on flood and drought control, as well as water supply security. Statistics show that the average annual siltation rate of reservoirs worldwide is between 0.5% and 1.5%.

[0003] When desilting a reservoir, a high-pressure water gun is typically used in conjunction with a suction device. This involves spraying high-pressure water to break up and lift the silt, mixing it with water to form a slurry. The slurry is then discharged through a suction device. Using a high-pressure water gun to desilt a reservoir requires the operator to constantly hold the gun and flush the silt, which can be laborious and affect desilting efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a reservoir dredging device and a method of use to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] The dredging equipment for a reservoir includes a high-pressure water gun, wherein the high-pressure water gun has a pair of high-pressure water guns, the water inlet ends of the high-pressure water guns are fixed with high-pressure water pipes, the outsides of the high-pressure water pipes are fixed with pipe sleeves, the pipe sleeves are fixed to each other, the outsides of the pipe sleeves are slidably connected with an annular track, the lower end of the annular track is fixed with a lifting mechanism, the lower end of the lifting mechanism is fixed with a bottom cylinder, the lower end of the bottom cylinder is fixed with a bottom plate, an upper bevel gear assembly is installed on the upper side of the bottom cylinder, the upper bevel gear assembly is connected to the lifting mechanism, a lower bevel gear assembly is installed inside the bottom cylinder and below the upper bevel gear assembly, a lower screw is connected to the lower bearing inside the bottom cylinder, the upper part of the lower screw is connected to the lower bevel gear assembly, the external threaded sleeve of the lower screw is provided with a ground plug, slides are fixed at both ends of the ground plug, a guide rod is movably passed through the middle of the slide, and both ends of the guide rod are fixed to the inner wall of the bottom cylinder.

[0006] Preferably, a slider is fixed to one end of the sleeve that is away from each other, and the other end of the slider is slidably connected to the annular track.

[0007] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting rod, a sleeve and an upper screw. The lower part of the sleeve is fixed to the upper part of the bottom cylinder, the lifting rod is slidably connected to the inside of the sleeve, the upper part of the lifting rod is fixed to the lower part of the circular track, the upper screw is rotatably connected to the inside of the sleeve, and a threaded channel is provided in the center of the lifting rod. The upper screw is located inside the threaded channel and is threadedly connected to the threaded channel.

[0008] Preferably, guide grooves are formed at both ends of the inner wall of the sleeve, and guide bars are fixed at both ends of the lifting rod. The guide bars are located inside the guide grooves and are slidably connected to the guide grooves.

[0009] Preferably, the upper bevel gear assembly includes an upper knob, an upper driven bevel gear and an upper driving bevel gear. The lower end of the upper screw rod passes through the interior of the bottom cylinder. The upper driven bevel gear is fixed to the lower end of the upper screw rod. The upper driving bevel gear is meshed and connected to one side of the upper driven bevel gear. The upper knob is fixed to one end of the upper driving bevel gear. The end of the upper knob passes through the bottom cylinder and is rotatably connected to the bottom cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the lower bevel gear assembly includes a lower knob, a lower driving bevel gear and a lower driven bevel gear, the lower driven bevel gear is fixed to the upper end of the lower screw, the lower driving bevel gear is meshed and connected to one side of the lower driven bevel gear, the lower knob is fixed to one end of the lower driving bevel gear, and the end of the lower knob passes through the bottom cylinder and is rotatably connected to the bottom cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, a bottom hole communicating with the bottom cylinder is opened at the lower end of the bottom plate, and a plurality of rubber sheets are evenly fixed on the inner wall of the bottom hole in an annular shape. The rubber sheets are fan-shaped, and the plurality of rubber sheets form a circle.

[0012] The present invention also discloses a method for using the above-mentioned reservoir dredging equipment, including: installing a wireless piezoelectric sensor on the casing and configuring a corresponding smart terminal, installing an application for collecting wireless piezoelectric sensor signals on the smart terminal, setting the corresponding initial insertion depth of the ground plug for different soil types, setting the alarm threshold of the wireless piezoelectric sensor in the application on the smart terminal, starting the high-pressure water gun, and when the wireless piezoelectric sensor monitors that the vibration amplitude and vibration frequency of the casing reach the alarm threshold, an alarm is issued, and the high-pressure water gun is suspended at this time. The lower knob is tightened to further penetrate the ground plug into the ground to maintain stability, and then the high-pressure water gun is started again. If the wireless piezoelectric sensor again monitors that the vibration amplitude and vibration frequency of the casing 7 reach the alarm threshold, an alarm is issued again, and this cycle is repeated to ensure the stable operation of the high-pressure water gun.

[0013] The method for using the reservoir dredging equipment is also configured with a cloud platform, which performs data analysis and calculations through the cloud platform, predicts the time nodes requiring intervention for different land types, and issues an alarm in advance. Specifically, the wireless piezoelectric sensor continuously collects the vibration amplitude and vibration frequency data of the casing, transmits the data to the smart terminal, and then uploads the data to the cloud platform by the smart terminal. After receiving the data uploaded in real time by the wireless piezoelectric sensor, the cloud platform inputs the preprocessed feature vector into the LSTM model for prediction. The model outputs a probability value between 0 and 1. According to the probability of the ground plug 20 becoming loose predicted by the model and combined with a preset probability threshold, when the predicted probability exceeds the threshold, it is considered that the ground plug 20 is about to become loose.

[0014] The present invention provides the following beneficial effects: This reservoir desilting equipment utilizes a lifting mechanism and a base plate installed beneath the high-pressure water gun. This allows the base plate to support the high-pressure water gun on flat surfaces, while the lifting mechanism allows for easy adjustment to a suitable height. Furthermore, if the reservoir is surrounded by soil, the ground plug can be lowered out of the bottom cylinder and protruded from the base plate by turning the lower knob. This allows the ground plug to be inserted into the soil, ensuring the stability of the high-pressure water gun. This eliminates the need for operators to constantly hold the high-pressure water gun, thereby reducing their burden and improving desilting efficiency. Wireless piezoelectric sensors installed on the casing enable real-time monitoring of the equipment's vibration, with data analyzed via a smart terminal. When the vibration amplitude and frequency reach a set alarm threshold, the system automatically issues an alarm, prompting the operator to make adjustments. The integration of the smart terminal and cloud platform enables real-time monitoring of the equipment's status. Through big data analysis and machine learning algorithms, the system can predict when the ground plug may become loose, issuing early warnings, reducing equipment downtime, and improving work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bottom cylinder of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a bottom view schematic diagram of the base plate of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1-high-pressure water gun, 2-high-pressure water pipe, 3-pipe sleeve, 4-annular track, 5-slider, 6-lifting rod, 7-casing, 8-bottom cylinder, 9-bottom plate, 10-upper knob, 11-lower knob, 12-guide groove, 13-guide bar, 14-upper screw, 15-upper driven bevel gear, 16-upper driving bevel gear, 17-lower driving bevel gear, 18-lower driven bevel gear, 19-lower screw, 20-ground plug, 21-slide plate, 22-guide rod, 23-bottom hole, 24-rubber sheet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] See also Figure 1-Figure 3The dredging equipment for a reservoir includes a high-pressure water gun 1, which has a pair of high-pressure water guns 1. The water inlet ends of the high-pressure water guns 1 are fixed with high-pressure water pipes 2, and the water inlet ends of the high-pressure water pipes 2 are connected to high-pressure water pumps. Pipe sleeves 3 are fixed to the outside of the high-pressure water pipes 2, and the pipe sleeves 3 are fixed to each other. The outsides of the pipe sleeves 3 are slidably connected with an annular track 4, and a slider 5 is fixed at one end of the pipe sleeves 3 away from each other. The other end of the slider 5 is slidably connected to the annular track 4. Because the slider 5 can slide in a circular shape along the annular track 4, the two high-pressure water guns 1 can be rotated to a horizontal arrangement by rotating the two high-pressure water guns 1, so that the high-pressure water guns 1 can be rotated and adjusted according to the dredging work.

[0020] A lifting mechanism is fixed to the lower end of the annular track 4, and a bottom cylinder 8 is fixed to the lower end of the lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanism includes a lifting rod 6, a sleeve 7 and an upper screw 14. The lower part of the sleeve 7 is fixed to the upper part of the bottom cylinder 8, and the lifting rod 6 is slidably connected to the inside of the sleeve 7. The upper part of the lifting rod 6 is fixed to the lower part of the annular track 4, and the upper screw 14 is rotatably connected to the inside of the sleeve 7. A threaded channel is provided in the center of the lifting rod 6, and the upper screw 14 is located inside the threaded channel and is threadedly connected to the threaded channel. When the upper screw 14 rotates, the upper screw 14 and the threaded channel of the lifting rod 6 are threadedly matched, so that the lifting rod 6 can move up and down inside the sleeve 7.

[0021] Guide grooves 12 are provided at both ends of the inner wall of the sleeve 7, and guide bars 13 are fixed at both ends of the lifting rod 6. The guide bars 13 are located inside the guide grooves 12 and are slidably connected to the guide grooves 12. When the lifting rod 6 moves up and down, it can drive the guide bars 13 to slide along the guide grooves 12. The cooperation between the guide bars 13 and the guide grooves 12 plays a guiding role.

[0022] The bottom end of the bottom cylinder 8 is fixed with a bottom plate 9, and an upper bevel gear assembly is installed on the upper side of the bottom cylinder 8. The upper bevel gear assembly is connected to the lifting mechanism. The upper bevel gear assembly includes an upper knob 10, an upper driven bevel gear 15 and an upper driving bevel gear 16. The lower end of the upper screw 14 passes through the bottom cylinder 8, the upper driven bevel gear 15 is fixed to the lower end of the upper screw 14, and the upper driving bevel gear 16 is meshed and connected to one side of the upper driven bevel gear 15. The upper knob 10 is fixed to one end of the upper driving bevel gear 16. The end of the upper knob 10 passes through the bottom cylinder 8 and is rotatably connected to the bottom cylinder 8. By rotating the upper knob 10, the upper knob 10 drives the upper driving bevel gear 16 to rotate. As the upper driving bevel gear 16 meshes with the upper driven bevel gear 15, the upper driven bevel gear 15 drives the upper screw 14 to rotate. By rotating the upper knob 10, the lifting and lowering of the lifting rod 6 can be adjusted, thereby ensuring that the high-pressure water gun 1 is adjusted to a suitable height.

[0023] A lower bevel gear assembly is installed inside the bottom cylinder 8 and below the upper bevel gear assembly. A lower screw 19 is connected to a bearing at the lower bottom of the bottom cylinder 8. The upper part of the lower screw 19 is connected to the lower bevel gear assembly. The lower bevel gear assembly includes a lower knob 11, a lower driving bevel gear 17 and a lower driven bevel gear 18. The lower driven bevel gear 18 is fixed to the upper end of the lower screw 19. The lower driving bevel gear 17 is meshed and connected to one side of the lower driven bevel gear 18. The lower knob 11 is fixed to one end of the lower driving bevel gear 17. The end of the lower knob 11 passes through the bottom cylinder 8 and is rotatably connected to the bottom cylinder 8. The external threaded sleeve of the lower screw 19 is provided with a ground plug 20. Slides 21 are fixed at both ends of the ground plug 20. A guide rod 22 is fixed to the middle of the slide 21. The two ends of the guide rod 22 are fixed to the inner wall of the bottom cylinder 8. The high-pressure water gun 1 is supported by the bottom plate 9 at a place where the high-pressure water gun 1 is located. Then, if there is soil next to the reservoir, the lower knob 11 can be turned, and the lower knob 11 drives the lower active bevel gear 17 to rotate. As the lower active bevel gear 17 meshes with the lower driven bevel gear 18, the lower driven bevel gear 18 drives the lower screw 19 to rotate. As the lower screw 19 is threadedly matched with the ground plug 20, the ground plug 20 can move up and down. In this process, the slide plate 21 can be driven to move up and down along the guide rod 22, and the ground plug 20 is moved down out of the bottom cylinder 8 and protrudes from the bottom plate 9, so that the ground plug 20 can be inserted into the soil to ensure the stability of the high-pressure water gun 1. In this way, the operator does not need to carry the high-pressure water gun 1 all the time to operate. He only needs to hold the high-pressure water gun 1 by hand, and there is no need to lift the high-pressure water gun 1 with force, thereby reducing the burden on the operator and improving the dredging efficiency.

[0024] A bottom hole 23 communicating with the bottom cylinder 8 is opened at the lower end of the bottom plate 9. The inner wall of the bottom hole 23 is annular and has multiple rubber sheets 24 evenly fixed thereon. The rubber sheets 24 are fan-shaped, and multiple rubber sheets 24 form a circle. When the bottom plate 9 is placed normally, the rubber sheets 24 can seal the bottom hole 23. When the ground plug 20 protrudes from the bottom hole 23, the ground plug 20 will push open the rubber sheet 24 to prevent foreign matter from entering the bottom hole 23.

[0025] Support the high-pressure water gun 1 on a flat place through the bottom plate 9. Then, if there is soil next to the reservoir, you can turn the lower knob 11, and the lower knob 11 drives the lower active bevel gear 17 to rotate. As the lower active bevel gear 17 engages with the lower driven bevel gear 18, the lower driven bevel gear 18 drives the lower screw 19 to rotate. As the lower screw 19 cooperates with the ground plug 20 thread, the ground plug 20 can move up and down. By moving the ground plug 20 downward out of the bottom cylinder 8 and protruding from the bottom plate 9, the ground plug 20 can be inserted into the soil to ensure the stability of the high-pressure water gun 1. By turning the upper knob 10, the upper knob 10 drives the upper active bevel gear 16 to rotate. As the upper active bevel gear 16 engages with the upper driven bevel gear 15, the upper driven bevel gear 15 drives the upper screw 14 to rotate. As the upper screw 14 cooperates with the threaded channel of the lifting rod 6, the lifting rod 6 can move up and down inside the casing 7, thereby ensuring that the high-pressure water gun 1 is adjusted to a suitable height. In this way, dredging work can be carried out by simply holding the high-pressure water gun 1 and flushing the reservoir silt. The dredging work can be completed by placing a suction device in the reservoir to pump out the silt.

[0026] During use, especially when using this device in muddy ground, the ground plug 20 is inserted into the muddy ground. Due to the impact force of the high-pressure water gun 1, the ground plug 20 will become loose after a period of use, requiring manual intervention to tighten the lower knob 11 to further penetrate the ground plug 20 and maintain stability. If the entire process relies on manual supervision, it will be time-consuming and laborious. Therefore, a method for using a dredging device for a reservoir is provided.

[0027] The method for using the dredging equipment for a reservoir includes: installing a wireless piezoelectric sensor on the casing 7 and configuring a corresponding smart terminal, installing an application for collecting wireless piezoelectric sensor signals on the smart terminal, setting the initial insertion depth of the ground plug 20 corresponding to different soil types, setting the alarm threshold of the wireless piezoelectric sensor in the application on the smart terminal, starting the high-pressure water gun 1, and when the wireless piezoelectric sensor detects that the vibration amplitude and vibration frequency of the casing 7 reach the alarm threshold, an alarm is issued, and the high-pressure water gun 1 is paused at this time. The lower knob 11 is tightened to further penetrate the ground plug 20 into the soil to maintain stability, and then the high-pressure water gun 1 is started again. If the wireless piezoelectric sensor again detects that the vibration amplitude and vibration frequency of the casing 7 reach the alarm threshold, an alarm is issued again, and this cycle is repeated to ensure the stable operation of the high-pressure water gun 1.

[0028] The main purpose of setting the initial insertion depth of the ground plug 20 is to adapt to the bearing capacity of different soil types, and the bearing capacity of different soil types varies greatly. For example, clay has a higher viscosity and can provide relatively good support; while sand has loose particles and weaker support. By setting the initial insertion depth of the ground plug 20 for different soil types, the ground plug 20 can be inserted to a suitable depth under various soil conditions, thereby making full use of the bearing capacity of the soil and providing stable support for the high-pressure water gun 1 and the entire dredging equipment. If the insertion depth is too shallow, the equipment is prone to shaking or even falling under the impact force of the high-pressure water gun 1; if it is inserted too deep, it will not only increase the difficulty of operation, but may also damage the soil structure and affect the support effect. The high-pressure water gun 1 will generate a large impact force when working, and this force will be transmitted to the entire equipment. The appropriate initial insertion depth allows the ground plug 20 to better resist this impact force and ensure that the equipment remains stable during operation. For example, in soft soil, appropriately increasing the insertion depth of the ground plug 20 can increase the friction and contact area between the ground plug and the soil, effectively disperse the impact force of the high-pressure water gun, and prevent the ground plug from loosening and causing equipment displacement.

[0029] The wireless piezoelectric sensor is mounted on the casing 7. When the high-pressure water gun 1 generates an impact force, causing the ground plug 20 to loosen, the casing 7 will vibrate accordingly. Due to the piezoelectric effect, the piezoelectric material within the sensor undergoes stress caused by vibration, causing changes in its internal charge distribution. This generates charges on both surfaces of the material, generating a weak potential difference signal that is related to the vibration amplitude and frequency. The magnitude of this potential difference signal is proportional to the vibration amplitude of the casing 7, and the frequency of the signal changes in accordance with the vibration frequency of the casing 7. However, the initial signal is relatively weak, typically in the millivolt range, and is susceptible to interference from external environmental noise. The sensor integrates a low-noise, high-gain amplifier circuit. This amplifier circuit utilizes an operational amplifier, whose gain can be adjusted according to actual needs. Typically, the weak potential difference signal is amplified to the volt level for subsequent processing. To remove external interference noise, such as electromagnetic interference and mechanical vibration noise, from the signal and ensure that the transmitted signal accurately reflects the actual vibration of the casing 7, a bandpass filter circuit is used. The passband range is set according to the range of possible vibration frequencies of the casing 7. For example, based on actual testing and analysis, the vibration frequency of casing 7 is primarily concentrated between 10Hz and 100Hz. Therefore, the passband of the bandpass filter circuit is set to 10Hz-100Hz to effectively filter out noise signals outside this range. After amplification and filtering, the analog signal needs to be converted to a digital signal for transmission by the wireless communication module and processing by the smart terminal. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with high resolution and sampling rate is selected. For example, a 12-bit or 16-bit ADC can accurately convert the analog signal into a digital quantity. The sampling rate is selected based on the signal's highest frequency, generally satisfying the Nyquist sampling theorem to ensure no signal information is lost. Signal transmission utilizes the ZigBee wireless communication protocol. ZigBee offers advantages such as low power consumption, strong ad hoc networking capabilities, and low cost, making it suitable for data transmission in reservoir environments. The sensor integrates a ZigBee wireless communication module, enabling a stable wireless communication connection with a smart terminal or cloud platform. The digital signal after analog-to-digital conversion is packaged according to a specific data format. The data format includes sensor identification information, vibration amplitude data, vibration frequency data, and acquisition time, making it easier for smart terminals to identify and process the data. The signal transmission frequency is set according to actual needs. When the dredging equipment first starts operating, the transmission frequency is set to a higher value, such as once per second, to ensure timely monitoring of the equipment's stability. After the equipment has been operating stably for a period of time, the transmission frequency is appropriately reduced, such as once every 5 or 10 seconds, to reduce power consumption and data transmission volume. After receiving the data packets sent by the wireless piezoelectric sensor, the ZigBee receiving module on the smart terminal parses and verifies the data to ensure accuracy.The application on the smart terminal displays the received vibration amplitude and frequency data in intuitive charts, allowing operators to monitor the equipment's operating status in real time. The data is also stored in the smart terminal's local database for subsequent analysis and query.

[0030] The method for setting the alarm threshold for a wireless piezoelectric sensor includes the following steps: selecting representative areas of varying soil types around a reservoir, such as clay, sand, and loam, installing dredging equipment in each area, and activating a high-pressure water gun 1 to conduct experiments. During the experiments, the vibration amplitude and frequency data of the casing 7 collected by the wireless piezoelectric sensor are recorded, along with the corresponding vibration parameters when the ground plug 20 begins to loosen. The experiments are repeated multiple times to obtain sufficient sample data. The collected data is categorized and organized by soil type, and the variations in the vibration amplitude and frequency of the ground plug 20 under different soil types, both when operating stably and when beginning to loosen, are analyzed. In addition to considering different soil types, different dredging operating conditions are simulated, such as different spray angles of the high-pressure water gun 1 and different water flow pressures. Experiments are conducted under each operating condition, and the vibration data of the casing 7 is recorded to analyze the impact of different operating conditions on the vibration parameters. The data from the experiments and simulations are compiled to establish a database containing casing 7 vibration data under different soil types and operating conditions, providing a reference for setting the alarm threshold.

[0031] Based on the vibration amplitude data from the database for the ground plug 20 under stable operation for various soil types and operating conditions, calculate its average and standard deviation. Generally, the vibration amplitude alarm threshold can be set to the average value plus a certain multiple of the standard deviation. For example, for clay soil, if the average vibration amplitude under stable operation is 5mV and the standard deviation is 2mV, the alarm threshold can be set to 5 + 3 × 2 = 11mV. This ensures that any signs of loosening of the ground plug 20 can be detected promptly while ensuring normal operation of the equipment.

[0032] When setting the vibration amplitude threshold, a safety margin must be considered. This is because actual operating environments can present unforeseen factors, such as sudden water flow shocks and minor equipment failures. Therefore, the threshold setting can be appropriately increased to avoid false alarms. For example, in the above embodiment, the alarm threshold can be raised to 12mV.

[0033] Analyze the changing characteristics of the vibration frequency of Ground Plug 20 when it becomes loose under different soil types and operating conditions. Generally speaking, when Ground Plug 20 becomes loose, the vibration frequency will change significantly, suddenly increasing from the low frequency range during stable operation to the high frequency range. Based on this characteristic, set the vibration frequency alarm threshold. For example, in sandy soil, the vibration frequency of Ground Plug 20 during stable operation is mainly between 10-30Hz. When the frequency exceeds 60Hz, it indicates that the Ground Plug 20 is loose. Therefore, the vibration frequency alarm threshold can be set to 60Hz.

[0034] To improve alarm accuracy, the vibration frequency threshold should be combined with the vibration amplitude threshold. When the vibration amplitude reaches a certain value (e.g., exceeding the amplitude threshold) and the vibration frequency also exceeds the set frequency threshold, an alarm is triggered. This prevents false alarms caused by fluctuations in a single parameter.

[0035] The smart terminal application monitors vibration data collected by the wireless piezoelectric sensor in real time and compares the data with the set alarm threshold. When the monitored data approaches or reaches the alarm threshold, the operator is provided with timely feedback, such as a pop-up notification box or an audible alarm. Based on the feedback from the smart terminal and actual work conditions, the operator can adjust the alarm threshold appropriately. For example, if false alarms are frequent during actual work, the alarm threshold can be appropriately increased; if alarms are not timely, the threshold can be appropriately lowered.

[0036] Data analysis and calculations can also be performed through the cloud platform to predict the time points where intervention is needed for different land types, and to issue alerts in advance to reserve time for on-site intervention, including the following steps:

[0037] The wireless piezoelectric sensor continuously collects the vibration amplitude and frequency data of the casing 7, and transmits them to the smart terminal through the ZigBee protocol at a frequency of one second (in the initial stage of equipment startup) or every 5-10 seconds (after the equipment is running stably), and then the smart terminal uploads them to the cloud platform via Wi-Fi or 4G / 5G network.

[0038] The vibration parameter data recorded during the experiment, covering both stable operation and loosening of the ground plug 20 under different soil types and working conditions, was collated and integrated with real-time data to form a comprehensive dataset. The data was then cleaned and normalized to extract statistical characteristics of the vibration amplitude and frequency, including mean, variance, and standard deviation.

[0039] A long short-term memory (LSTM) model was constructed. LSTM is a special type of recurrent neural network that effectively processes long-term dependencies in sequential data. The stability of the ground plug 20 is closely related to vibration data and environmental data over a period of time. The LSTM model can capture this time series information.

[0040] Input layer: Input the preprocessed feature vector, including vibration amplitude and vibration frequency features.

[0041] LSTM layer: contains multiple LSTM units, which control the transmission and memory of information through gating mechanisms (input gate, forget gate, output gate).

[0042] Fully connected layer: maps the output of the LSTM layer to a single output value, representing the probability that ground plug 20 will become loose at a certain time point in the future.

[0043] Output layer: Use the Sigmoid activation function to limit the output value to the [0,1] interval to facilitate probability prediction.

[0044] Training process: Divide the training set, validation set and test set into 70%, 15% and 15% respectively.

[0045] Use Adam optimizer to minimize the loss function, and choose binary cross entropy loss function as the loss function;

[0046] During the training process, an early stopping strategy is used. When the loss function on the validation set no longer decreases for multiple consecutive epochs, training is stopped to prevent overfitting.

[0047] The probability of the ground plug 20 becoming loose is predicted by the model and combined with a preset probability threshold. When the predicted probability exceeds the threshold, it is considered that the ground plug 20 is about to become loose.

[0048] Specifically, after receiving real-time data uploaded by the wireless piezoelectric sensor, the cloud platform inputs the preprocessed (cleaning, normalization, and feature extraction) feature vectors into a trained LSTM model for prediction. The model outputs a probability value between 0 and 1, indicating the probability that ground plug 20 will become loose at a certain point in the future. For example, at a certain moment, the model outputs a probability value of 0.75. The cloud platform compares this model-predicted probability value with a preset probability threshold for the current soil type and operating conditions. For example, if the soil is sandy, the high-pressure water gun 1 is operating with specific parameters, and the preset probability threshold is 0.7, the model predicts a probability of 0.75. Since 0.75 is greater than 0.7, the ground plug 20 is considered to be loose.

[0049] By analyzing the temporal trends in the model's prediction results, the time point at which intervention is needed is determined. When the predicted probability begins to rise rapidly, the cloud platform predicts how long it will take for ground screw 20 to become loose. When the cloud platform predicts that ground screw 20 is about to become loose, it immediately sends an early warning message to the smart terminal. Upon receiving the warning message, the smart terminal prompts the operator to take immediate action by pausing the high-pressure water gun 1 and tightening the lower knob 11 to further penetrate the ground screw 20.

[0050] During silt removal equipment operation, the impact force of the high-pressure water gun 1 continuously acts on the ground plug 20. If the ground plug 20 becomes loose and is not promptly addressed, the entire equipment can shake or even topple. By accurately predicting the time when the ground plug 20 will loosen, the operator can take preventive measures, such as tightening the lower knob 11 before the predicted loosening time, to further penetrate the ground plug 20. This prevents damage to the high-pressure water gun 1, high-pressure water pipe 2, and other components caused by equipment shaking, thereby extending the equipment's service life.

[0051] Desilting operations typically require continuous work. Frequent equipment suspensions caused by loose ground plugs 20 can severely impact desilting progress. The cloud platform's predictive functionality allows operators to plan ahead and schedule adjustments to ground plugs 20 without compromising desilting effectiveness, minimizing equipment downtime and ensuring continuous desilting operations. After the cloud platform predicts the time point at which ground plugs 20 may become loose, operators can rationally arrange workflow and personnel division based on the predictions. Equipment maintenance and servicing can also be planned based on the predictions. Stable equipment operation is crucial for ensuring effective desilting. When ground plugs 20 are stable, the high-pressure water gun 1 can maintain a relatively stable spray angle and pressure, more accurately flushing reservoir silt and improving desilting quality and effectiveness. The cloud platform's predictive functionality helps maintain equipment stability, indirectly improving desilting effectiveness. Without the cloud platform's predictive functionality, regular manual inspections of the equipment are required to detect loose ground plugs 20. This not only requires significant manpower and time, but the intervals between inspections can also prevent potential problems from being discovered in a timely manner. The prediction function of the cloud platform can monitor the status of equipment in real time, provide early warning of loose time nodes, reduce the frequency and workload of manual inspections, and reduce labor costs.

Claims

1. A desilting device for a reservoir, comprising a pair of high-pressure water guns (1), wherein the water inlet ends of the high-pressure water guns (1) are fixed with high-pressure water pipes (2), the outsides of the high-pressure water pipes (2) are fixed with pipe sleeves (3), the pipe sleeves (3) are fixed to each other, the outsides of the pipe sleeves (3) are slidably connected with an annular track (4), the lower end of the annular track (4) is fixed with a lifting mechanism, the lower end of the lifting mechanism is fixed with a bottom cylinder (8), the lower end of the bottom cylinder (8) is fixed with a bottom plate (9), an upper bevel gear assembly is installed on the upper side of the bottom cylinder (8), the upper bevel gear assembly is connected to the lifting mechanism, a lower bevel gear assembly is installed inside the bottom cylinder (8) and below the upper bevel gear assembly, and a lower screw (19) is connected to the lower bearing inside the bottom cylinder (8). The upper part of the lower screw rod (19) is connected to the lower bevel gear assembly, and the outer thread sleeve of the lower screw rod (19) is provided with a ground plug (20), and the two ends of the ground plug (20) are fixed with slide plates (21), and the middle part of the slide plate (21) is movably penetrated and fixed with a guide rod (22), and the two ends of the guide rod (22) are fixed to the inner wall of the bottom cylinder; a slide block (5) is fixed to one end of the pipe sleeve away from each other, and the other end of the slide block (5) is slidably connected to the annular track; the lifting mechanism includes a lifting rod (6), a sleeve (7) and an upper screw rod (14), the lower part of the sleeve is fixed to the upper part of the bottom cylinder (8), the lifting rod (6) is slidably connected inside the sleeve (7), the upper part of the lifting rod (6) is fixed to the lower part of the annular track (4), and the upper screw rod (14) is fixed to the lower part of the annular track (4). 4) is rotatably connected to the inside of the sleeve (7), a threaded channel is provided at the center of the lifting rod (6), and the upper screw (14) is located inside the threaded channel and is threadedly connected to the threaded channel; the upper bevel gear assembly includes an upper knob (10), an upper driven bevel gear (15) and an upper active bevel gear (16), the lower end of the upper screw passes through the inside of the bottom cylinder (8), the upper driven bevel gear (15) is fixed to the lower end of the upper screw, the upper active bevel gear (16) is meshed and connected to one side of the upper driven bevel gear (15), the upper knob (10) is fixed to one end of the upper active bevel gear (16), the end of the upper knob (10) passes through the bottom cylinder (8) and is rotatably connected to the bottom cylinder (8); the lower bevel gear assembly includes a lower knob ( 11), a lower active bevel gear (17) and a lower driven bevel gear (18), wherein the lower driven bevel gear (18) is fixed to the upper end of the lower screw (19), the lower active bevel gear (17) is meshedly connected to one side of the lower driven bevel gear (18), the lower knob (11) is fixed to one end of the lower active bevel gear (17), the end of the lower knob (11) passes through the bottom cylinder (8) and is rotatably connected to the bottom cylinder; a wireless piezoelectric sensor is installed on the casing, and a corresponding smart terminal is configured, an application program for collecting wireless piezoelectric sensor signals is installed on the smart terminal, and an initial insertion depth corresponding to the ground plug is set for different soil types, and an alarm threshold value of the wireless piezoelectric sensor is set in the application program on the smart terminal;A cloud platform is also configured to perform data analysis and calculations through the cloud platform. The time node requiring intervention is predicted for different land types, and an alarm is issued in advance. The wireless piezoelectric sensor continuously collects the vibration amplitude and vibration frequency data of the casing, transmits the data to the smart terminal, and then uploads the data to the cloud platform by the smart terminal. After receiving the data uploaded in real time by the wireless piezoelectric sensor, the cloud platform inputs the pre-processed feature vector into the LSTM model for prediction. The model outputs a probability value between 0 and 1. According to the probability of the ground plug (20) being loose predicted by the model, combined with a preset probability threshold, when the predicted probability exceeds the threshold, it is considered that the ground plug (20) is about to be loose.

2. The reservoir desilting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the inner wall of the sleeve (7) are provided with guide grooves (12), and both ends of the lifting rod (6) are fixed with guide bars (13), and the guide bars (13) are located inside the guide grooves (12) and are slidably connected to the guide grooves (12).

3. The reservoir desilting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bottom hole (23) communicating with the bottom cylinder (8) is formed at the lower end of the bottom plate (9). The inner wall of the bottom hole (23) is annular and has multiple rubber sheets (24) evenly fixed thereon. The rubber sheets (24) are fan-shaped, and the multiple rubber sheets (24) form a circle.

4. The method for using the reservoir desilting equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: include: The high-pressure water gun is started. When the wireless piezoelectric sensor detects that the vibration amplitude and vibration frequency of the casing have reached the alarm threshold, an alarm is sounded. At this time, the high-pressure water gun is suspended. The lower knob is tightened to further penetrate the ground plug (20) into the ground to maintain stability. Then, the high-pressure water gun is started again. If the wireless piezoelectric sensor detects that the vibration amplitude and vibration frequency of the casing have reached the alarm threshold again, an alarm is sounded again. This cycle is repeated to ensure the stable operation of the high-pressure water gun (1).

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