Phase change energy storage device

Abstract

The invention discloses a phase change energy storage device, which is applied to the field of energy storage equipment and comprises a shell, a first cavity and a second cavity are arranged in the shell, the second cavity surrounds the periphery of the first cavity, and a fluid channel is arranged between the first cavity and the second cavity in a separated manner; the first framework is mounted in the first cavity; the second framework is mounted in the second cavity, the first framework and the second framework both comprise lattice structures, and lattice pores used for being filled with phase change materials are formed between the adjacent lattice structures; and the shell, the first framework and the second framework are integrally processed by additive manufacturing. According to the phase change energy storage device provided by the invention, the stress caused by the volume change of the phase change material is effectively relieved, and the service life of the device is prolonged; the manufacturing process is simplified, and the manufacturing efficiency and reliability are improved; the heat exchange efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy storage devices, and particularly to a phase change energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] Phase change energy storage technology utilizes phase change materials to absorb or release a large amount of latent heat during the phase change process to achieve energy storage and release.

[0003] In related technologies, a simple encapsulation structure is generally adopted. For example, the phase change material is encapsulated in a metal container, and then heat transfer is achieved by the contact between the fluid and the metal container, and the cooling or heating of the fluid is realized by the heat absorption or heat dissipation of the phase change material.

[0004] However, the structures in related technologies often have the following problems: Low thermal conductivity: The thermal conductivity of the phase change material itself is relatively low, resulting in low heat transfer efficiency and affecting the rates of storing and releasing energy; Short cycle life: The phase change material undergoes volume changes during the phase change process, which easily causes the encapsulation structure to rupture and affects the service life of the device; Single structure: The traditional encapsulation structure is difficult to meet the requirements of different application scenarios for the shape and size of the phase change energy storage device.

[0005] Complex manufacturing process: Traditional phase change energy storage devices need to go through processes such as machining, wire cutting, and welding, resulting in low manufacturing efficiency.

[0006] Therefore, how to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the phase change energy storage device is a technical problem that those skilled in the art need to solve currently. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a phase change energy storage device that can significantly improve the heat exchange efficiency and is convenient for processing.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A phase change energy storage device, comprising: A housing, provided with a first cavity and a second cavity inside, the second cavity surrounding the outer periphery of the first cavity, and a fluid channel is separated and arranged between the first cavity and the second cavity; A first framework, installed inside the first cavity; A second framework, installed inside the second cavity, both the first framework and the second framework include a lattice structure, and lattice pores for filling the phase change material are provided between adjacent lattice structures; Moreover, the housing, the first framework, and the second framework are integrally processed by additive manufacturing.

[0009] On the other hand, the lattice structure of the first framework gradually increases in wall thickness from the side close to the fluid channel to the other side wall; and / or, the lattice structure of the second framework gradually increases in wall thickness from the side close to the fluid channel to the other side wall.

[0010] On the other hand, the housing is further provided with a first filling port and a second filling port. The first filling port communicates with the lattice pores of the first framework, the second filling port communicates with the lattice pores of the second framework, and the first filling port and the second filling port are located on the same side of the housing.

[0011] On the other hand, the phase change material is a phase change material made of a mixture of paraffin and graphite; and / or, both the first framework and the second framework are TPMS frameworks.

[0012] On the other hand, the lattice structure of the first framework is a radially cylindrical periodic lattice, and the lattice structure of the second framework is a radially circular ring-shaped periodic lattice.

[0013] On the other hand, the fluid channel extends in a zigzag or wavy line along the axial direction of the housing.

[0014] On the other hand, the housing, the first framework and / or the second framework are made of AlSi10Mg, copper or copper alloy; and a heat insulation component is provided on the outer peripheral part of the housing.

[0015] On the other hand, a liquid inlet cavity and a liquid outlet cavity are further provided in the housing. The liquid inlet cavity is located at the top of the housing, and the liquid outlet cavity is located at the bottom of the housing; and both the liquid inlet cavity and the liquid outlet cavity communicate with the fluid channel; The housing further includes a flow dividing component. Both the flow dividing component and the top of the housing are conical. The flow dividing component is located in the liquid inlet cavity, and a fluid inlet extends on the flow dividing component. The inside of the flow dividing component forms a first liquid inlet cavity, and the space between the flow dividing component and the housing forms a second liquid inlet cavity. The fluid channel communicates with the second liquid inlet cavity; and a plurality of liquid distribution holes are provided along the circumferential direction on the side of the flow dividing component close to the fluid channel for the fluid to flow from the first liquid inlet cavity to the second liquid inlet cavity.

[0016] On the other hand, the liquid outlet cavity includes an annular liquid collecting part and a liquid collecting channel. The annular liquid collecting part corresponds to the outlet position of the fluid channel. The liquid collecting channel extends radially along the annular liquid collecting part, and both ends of the liquid collecting channel communicate with the annular liquid collecting part respectively; a fluid outlet is provided in the middle of the liquid collecting channel.

[0017] On the other hand, a number of reinforcing ribs are provided between the shunt member and the inner side of the top of the housing; and / or, a number of connecting blocks are provided on one side of the fluid passage close to the liquid outlet cavity, and the fluid flows from the fluid passage to the liquid outlet cavity along the intervals between adjacent connecting blocks.

[0018] The phase change energy storage device provided by the present invention includes: a housing, which is internally provided with a first cavity and a second cavity, the second cavity surrounds the outer periphery of the first cavity, and a fluid passage is separated and arranged between the first cavity and the second cavity; a first framework, which is installed in the first cavity; a second framework, which is installed in the second cavity, both the first framework and the second framework include a lattice structure, and lattice pores for filling phase change materials are provided between adjacent lattice structures; and, the housing, the first framework and the second framework are integrally processed by additive manufacturing. The phase change energy storage device provided by the present invention can prepare the high-strength and high-precision outer shell by using the additive manufacturing technology, effectively relieve the stress caused by the volume change of the phase change material, and extend the service life of the device; it can flexibly design the shape, size and internal structure of the phase change energy storage device according to the requirements of the application scenario; the phase change energy storage device is integrally formed by the additive manufacturing technology, which simplifies the manufacturing process, improves the manufacturing efficiency and reliability; and, by arranging the fluid passage between the first cavity and the second cavity, when the fluid flows into the fluid flow channel, the phase change materials in the first cavity and the second cavity can both heat or cool the temperature of the fluid, and the heat exchange efficiency is high.

[0019] In one embodiment, the lattice structure of the first framework gradually increases in wall thickness from the side close to the fluid passage to the other side wall; and / or, the lattice structure of the second framework gradually increases in wall thickness from the side close to the fluid passage to the other side wall. With the above settings, by defining the lattice structure of the first framework and the lattice structure size of the second framework, it is possible to store more phase change materials on the side of the first framework and / or the second framework close to the fluid passage. By using the setting of the gradient lattice structure, high-density energy storage can be achieved, thereby further improving the heat exchange efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or related technologies. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of a specific embodiment of the phase change energy storage device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of the housing in the phase change energy storage device provided by the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic overall structural diagram of the phase change energy storage device provided by the present invention; Figure 4 is Figure 3 front view of the phase change energy storage device shown; Figure 5 is Figure 3 schematic bottom structural diagram of the phase change energy storage device shown; Figure 6 is Figure 3 schematic structural diagram of the liquid outlet cavity in the housing of the phase change energy storage device shown; Figure 7-1 Schematic structural diagram of the Gyroid TPMS framework; Figure 7-2 Schematic structural diagram of the Schwarz TPMS framework; Figure 7-3 Schematic structural diagram of the Diamond TPMS framework; Figure 7-4 Schematic structural diagram of the Lidinoid TPMS framework.

[0022] Reference numerals: Housing 1; First cavity 11; Second cavity 12; Fluid channel 13; Liquid inlet cavity 14; First liquid inlet cavity 141; Second liquid inlet cavity 142; Liquid outlet cavity 15; Annular liquid collection part 151; Liquid collection channel 152; First filling port 16; Second filling port 17; Fluid inlet 18; Fluid outlet 19; First framework 2; Second framework 3; Shunt component 4; Liquid separation hole 41. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] The core of the present invention is to provide a phase change energy storage device, which can effectively improve the heat exchange efficiency, is convenient for processing, and has a wide range of applications.

[0024] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7-4 , Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a specific implementation manner of the phase change energy storage device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of the housing in the phase change energy storage device provided by the present invention;Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the phase change energy storage device provided by the present invention; Figure 4 is Figure 3 Front view of the phase change energy storage device shown; Figure 5 is Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the phase change energy storage device shown; Figure 6 is Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid outlet cavity inside the shell of the phase change energy storage device shown; Figure 7-1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the Gyroid TPMS skeleton; Figure 7-2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the Schwarz TPMS skeleton; Figure 7-3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the Diamond TPMS skeleton; Figure 7-4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the Lidinoid TPMS skeleton.

[0026] In this embodiment, the phase change energy storage device includes: A housing 1, which is provided with a first cavity 11 and a second cavity 12 inside. The second cavity 12 surrounds the outer periphery of the first cavity 11. A fluid channel 13 is separably arranged between the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12; A first skeleton 2, which is installed inside the first cavity 11; A second skeleton 3, which is installed inside the second cavity 12. Both the first skeleton 2 and the second skeleton 3 include a lattice structure, and there are lattice pores for filling the phase change material between adjacent lattice structures; Moreover, the housing 1, the first skeleton 2 and the second skeleton 3 are integrally processed by additive manufacturing.

[0027] Specifically, an inner and outer two-layer concentric cylindrical structure is formed by the first skeleton 2 and the second skeleton 3. The fluid channel 13 is between the two inner and outer layers. According to the requirement of the energy storage capacity, more than two layers of cylindrical structures can also be set for energy storage, and the fluid channel 13 is arranged between two adjacent cylindrical structures; specifically, a third cavity is also provided inside the housing 1. The third cavity surrounds the outer periphery of the second cavity 12. A fluid channel 13 is separably arranged between the third cavity and the second cavity 12; A third skeleton is also included, and the third skeleton is located inside the third cavity. Of course, it is also possible to use additive manufacturing to make the first skeleton 2 and the second skeleton, and then cladding or spraying another material for the housing 1 after the skeletons are made.

[0028] Furthermore, additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, integrates computer-aided design and material processing and forming technologies. Based on digital model files, through software and numerical control systems, special metal materials, non-metal materials or medical biomaterials are stacked layer by layer in ways such as extrusion, sintering, melting, photocuring, and spraying to manufacture physical objects. AM (Additive Manufacturing) technology does not require traditional tools, fixtures, and multiple processing procedures. On a single device, it can quickly and precisely manufacture parts of any complex shape, thus realizing "free manufacturing" of parts, solving the forming of many complex-structured parts, greatly reducing the processing procedures, and shortening the processing cycle. Moreover, the more complex the product structure, the more significant the role of its manufacturing speed. Compared with traditional subtractive manufacturing and isostatic manufacturing technologies, additive manufacturing technology can fully liberate the design freedom, and any geometrically complex structure can be relatively easily produced.

[0029] The phase change energy storage device provided by the present invention can prepare a high-strength and high-precision shell by using additive manufacturing technology, effectively relieve the stress caused by the volume change of the phase change material, and extend the service life of the device; it can flexibly design the shape, size, and internal structure of the phase change energy storage device according to the requirements of the application scenario; through additive manufacturing technology, the phase change energy storage device is integrally formed, simplifying the manufacturing process, improving the manufacturing efficiency and reliability; and, by arranging the fluid channel 13 between the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12, when the fluid flows into the fluid flow channel, the phase change materials in the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12 can both heat or cool the temperature of the fluid, and the heat exchange efficiency is high.

[0030] In some embodiments, the lattice structure of the first skeleton 2 gradually increases in wall thickness from the side close to the fluid channel 13 to the other side wall; and / or, the lattice structure of the second skeleton 3 gradually increases in wall thickness from the side close to the fluid channel 13 to the other side wall. With the above settings, by defining the lattice structure sizes of the first skeleton 2 and the second skeleton 3, it can be ensured that more phase change materials are stored on the side of the first skeleton 2 and / or the second skeleton 3 close to the fluid channel 13. By using the setting of the gradient lattice structure, high-density energy storage can be achieved, thereby further improving the heat exchange efficiency. Further, both the first skeleton 2 and the second skeleton 3 are gradient lattice structures. The lattice of the first skeleton 2 gradually increases in wall thickness from the outer wall to the inner wall, that is, gradually increases in wall thickness from the side far from the axis to the side close to the axis, and the lattice of the second skeleton 3 gradually increases in wall thickness from the inner wall to the outer wall, that is, gradually increases in wall thickness from the side close to the axis to the side far from the axis. As the wall thickness of the lattice increases, the lattice porosity will increase, so as to ensure that the lattice porosity close to the fluid channel 13 is large and more phase change materials can be accommodated to improve the heat absorption and heat release efficiency.

[0031] In some embodiments, a first filling port 16 and a second filling port 17 are further provided on the housing 1. The first filling port 16 communicates with the lattice pores of the first framework 2, and the second filling port 17 communicates with the lattice pores of the second framework 3. The first filling port 16 and the second filling port 17 are located on the same side of the housing 1. Specifically, both the first filling port 16 and the second filling port 17 are fixed on the housing 1 and on the same side of the housing 1, for example, both at the bottom of the housing 1, which is convenient for filling the phase change material; the position of the first filling port 16 corresponds to the position on the housing 1 close to the first cavity 11, and the position of the second filling port 17 corresponds to the position on the housing 1 close to the second cavity 12.

[0032] In some embodiments, the phase change material is a phase change material made of a mixture of paraffin and graphite; specifically, the phase change temperature of the paraffin / expanded graphite phase change energy storage composite material does not change with the change of the paraffin content, but its phase change latent heat increases with the increase of the paraffin content, while its thermal conductivity decreases with the increase of the paraffin content; selecting a graphite proportion of 5% - 10% and the rest being paraffin can balance the thermal conductivity and the phase change latent heat. Of course, in addition to paraffin and graphite, fatty acids, polyols, expanded graphite-based and biomass carbon-based materials, molten salt materials, etc. can also be used.

[0033] In some embodiments, both the first framework 2 and the second framework 3 are TPMS (Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces) frameworks. The TPMS framework structure presents a periodically repeating curved surface form in three-dimensional space and at the same time satisfies the characteristics of a minimal surface, that is, the local area is minimized; the TPMS framework structure has a high specific strength and a structure with connected pores, and has good application effects in the energy storage field; specifically, as Figures 7-1 to 7-4 can be seen, the TPMS framework can be one of the Gyroid TPMS framework, Schwarz TPMS framework, Diamond TPMS framework, and Lidinoid TPMS framework structures, and the lattice types of the first framework 2 and the second framework 3 are the same, ensuring the consistency of stability and heat dissipation effect.

[0034] In some embodiments, the lattice structure of the first framework 2 is a radially cylindrical periodic lattice, and the lattice structure of the second framework 3 is a radially circular ring-shaped periodic lattice, that is, the inner layer lattice is a cylindrical periodic lattice and the outer layer lattice is a radially circular ring-shaped periodic lattice; the above setting can ensure that the lattice porosity near the fluid channel 13 is large and more phase change material can be accommodated to improve the efficiency of heat absorption and heat release. Selecting a cylindrical periodic lattice for the inner layer can increase the specific surface area and thus improve the heat transfer efficiency. Selecting a radially circular ring-shaped periodic lattice for the outer layer is because the volume of the outer cavity is large and more phase change material can be accommodated, and selecting a radially circular ring-shaped periodic lattice is beneficial to the flow of the phase change material and reduces the flow resistance.

[0035] In some embodiments, the fluid channel 13 extends in a zigzag or wavy line along the axial direction of the housing 1. Specifically, the fluid channels 13 can be arranged uniformly in a circular ring shape. The fluid channels 13 are coaxially arranged with the housing 1, and the fluid channels 13 can extend in a zigzag line or a wavy line along the axial direction, so as to increase the heat exchange area and heat transfer efficiency. For the smooth flow of the fluid, it is better that the fluid channels 13 have a smooth curved surface.

[0036] In some embodiments, the housing 1, the first skeleton 2, and / or the second skeleton 3 are made of AlSi10Mg, copper, or copper alloy. AlSi10Mg is a casting aluminum alloy belonging to the Al-Si-Mg alloy system. Specifically, the commonly used and highly thermally conductive additive manufacturing material AlSi10Mg is convenient to obtain and has high thermal conductivity. It is integrally formed by additive manufacturing. Of course, copper or copper alloy with higher thermal conductivity can also be used. Making the device with copper or copper alloy has relatively high heat absorption and dissipation efficiency, low cost, and a wide application range. For the housing 1, the first skeleton 2, and the second skeleton 3 in the same device, it is best to use the same material for processing, which is convenient for processing and has a stable structure.

[0037] In some embodiments, a heat insulation component is provided on the outer periphery of the housing 1. Specifically, by wrapping the outer surface of the entire housing 1 with heat insulation cotton, only the fluid inlet 18, the fluid outlet 19, and the two first filling ports 16 and the second filling port 17 are exposed outside, which is convenient for injecting the fluid and the phase change material.

[0038] In some embodiments, a liquid inlet chamber 14 and a liquid outlet chamber 15 are further provided in the housing 1. The liquid inlet chamber 14 is located at the top of the housing 1, and the liquid outlet chamber 15 is located at the bottom of the housing 1. Both the liquid inlet chamber 14 and the liquid outlet chamber 15 are communicated with the fluid channel 13. Specifically, the liquid inlet chamber 14 and the liquid outlet chamber 15 adopt different structural forms for easy distinction. The liquid inlet chamber 14 can be in a flared shape, and there are evenly distributed liquid distribution holes 41 around the inner conical surface, which is convenient for the uniform distribution of the fluid and improves the heat transfer efficiency. The liquid outlet chamber 15 is in a cross-shaped confluence and flows out from the central position, which is convenient for collection.

[0039] In some embodiments, the housing 1 further includes a flow splitting component 4. Both the flow splitting component 4 and the top of the housing 1 are conical. The flow splitting component 4 is located in the liquid inlet cavity 14, and a fluid inlet 18 is provided extending on the flow splitting component 4. The interior of the flow splitting component 4 forms a first liquid inlet cavity 141, and a second liquid inlet cavity 142 is formed between the flow splitting component 4 and the housing 1. The fluid passage 13 communicates with the second liquid inlet cavity 142. And a plurality of liquid distribution holes 41 are provided along the circumferential direction on one side of the flow splitting component 4 close to the fluid passage 13 for the fluid to flow from the first liquid inlet cavity 141 to the second liquid inlet cavity 142. Specifically, the top of the flow splitting component 4 has the same size as the top of the housing 1 and is connected to the fluid inlet 18. The bottom of the flow splitting component 4 is connected to the outer surface of the second cavity 12, and the bottom diameter of the flow splitting component 4 is smaller than the bottom diameter of the conical structure of the housing 1. The liquid distribution holes 41 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the flow splitting component 4. The fluid first enters the first liquid inlet cavity 141 of the flow splitting component 4 through the fluid inlet 18, then flows through the liquid distribution holes 41 to the second liquid inlet cavity 142, and then flows into the fluid flow channel.

[0040] In some embodiments, the liquid outlet cavity 15 includes an annular liquid collecting portion 151 and a liquid collecting channel 152. The annular liquid collecting portion 151 corresponds to the outlet position of the fluid passage 13. The liquid collecting channel 152 extends radially along the annular liquid collecting portion 151, and both ends of the liquid collecting channel 152 communicate with the annular liquid collecting portion 151 respectively. A fluid outlet 19 is provided in the middle of the liquid collecting channel 152. The fluid outlet 19 can be a section of pipeline. The number of the liquid collecting channels 152 is multiple and they intersect at the position of the fluid outlet 19. For example, two liquid collecting channels 152 are in a cross-shaped structure, and the fluid outlet 19 is located at the center of the cross-shaped structure. Further, the width of the annular liquid collecting portion 151 along the radial direction of the housing 1 can be greater than the width of the fluid flow channel along the radial direction of the housing 1, and in the axial projection of the housing 1, the annular liquid collecting portion 151 covers the fluid flow channel, so that the fluid flowing out of the fluid flow channel completely flows into the annular liquid collecting portion 151 to ensure the smooth flow of the fluid.

[0041] In some embodiments, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are provided between the flow splitting component 4 and the inner side of the top of the housing 1 to improve the connection strength between the flow splitting component 4 and the housing 1.

[0042] In some embodiments, a plurality of connecting blocks are provided on one side of the fluid passage 13 close to the liquid outlet cavity 15. The fluid flows from the fluid passage 13 to the liquid outlet cavity 15 along the intervals between adjacent connecting blocks. The connecting blocks can strengthen the stability between the structures for forming the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12 inside the housing 1.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, the phase change energy storage device is a concentric cylinder latent heat phase change energy storage device based on additive manufacturing triply periodic minimal surfaces, including a housing 1, an inner structure, an outer structure, a fluid channel 13, a fluid inlet 18, a fluid outlet 19, thermal insulation cotton, etc. The inner structure and the outer structure are arranged with skeletons of TPMS lattice structures, namely a first skeleton 2 and a second skeleton 3. The phase change material is located in the cavities of the inner structure and the inner structure, that is, inside the first skeleton 2 and the second skeleton 3. The TPMS skeleton is in the phase change material domain, and the TPMS skeleton is filled with the phase change material inside and outside. The thickness of the phase change material domain is designed according to the amount of heat to be stored by the phase change energy storage device. It can be a cylindrical structure with two or more layers for energy storage, and the fluid channel 13 is arranged between two adjacent cylindrical structures. The TPMS skeletons of the first skeleton 2 and the second skeleton 3 are both gradient lattice structures, ensuring that the lattice porosity near the fluid channel 13 is large and more phase change material can be accommodated to improve the efficiency of heat absorption and heat release. The housing 1 is provided with a first filling port 16 and a second filling port 17. The first filling port 16 and the second filling port 17 are fixed on the housing 1 and on the same side of the housing 1, which is convenient for filling the phase change material and later supplementing or replacing the phase change material. The phase change material is made of a mixture of paraffin and graphite and is respectively injected into the first skeleton 2 and the second skeleton 3 through two filling ports with the same structure. The filling ports with the same structure are convenient for connecting with filling equipment.

[0044] The fluid inlet 18 and the fluid outlet 19 are respectively connected to an inlet joint and an outlet joint. The structures of the inlet joint and the outlet joint are the same, and the energy storage device has the ability to store industrial wastewater and waste gas. During energy storage, the inlet joint and the outlet joint are connected to a hot fluid, and the hot fluid will cause the phase change material in the first skeleton 2 and the second skeleton 3 to change from a solid state to a liquid state, and the phase change material absorbs heat to achieve energy storage. When energy is needed, for example, when heating water, the inlet joint and the outlet joint are connected to the water to be heated. At this time, the latent heat of the phase change material in the first skeleton 2 and the second skeleton 3 will be released, and the phase change material changes from a liquid state to a solid state to achieve the heating of the water.

[0045] This phase change energy storage device combines a heat exchange device and additive manufacturing technology, and uses additive manufacturing technology to realize a complex heat exchange device, thereby improving the heat transfer performance. The phase change material has a high phase change latent heat, and high-density energy storage can be achieved through a gradient lattice structure. Through a complex flow channel structure, a uniform flow distribution structure, and a TPMS skeleton heat conduction enhancement structure, the heat exchange efficiency is effectively improved.

[0046] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other.

[0047] The above has introduced the phase change energy storage device provided by the present invention in detail. Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A phase change energy storage device, characterized in that: include: A housing (1) having a first cavity (11) and a second cavity (12) therein, wherein the second cavity (12) surrounds the outer periphery of the first cavity (11), and a fluid channel (13) is provided between the first cavity (11) and the second cavity (12); A first frame (2) installed in the first cavity (11); a second skeleton (3) installed in the second cavity (12), the first skeleton (2) and the second skeleton (3) both comprising a lattice structure, and lattice pores for filling phase change material are provided between adjacent lattice structures; Furthermore, the shell (1), the first frame (2) and the second frame (3) are integrally formed by additive manufacturing.

2. The phase change energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lattice structure of the first skeleton (2) has a wall thickness gradually increasing from one side close to the fluid channel (13) to the other side; and / or the lattice structure of the second skeleton (3) has a wall thickness gradually increasing from one side close to the fluid channel (13) to the other side.

3. The phase change energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (1) is also provided with a first filling port (16) and a second filling port (17), the first filling port (16) being connected to the lattice pores of the first framework (2), the second filling port (17) being connected to the lattice pores of the second framework (3), and the first filling port (16) and the second filling port (17) being located on the same side of the shell (1).

4. The phase change energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change material is a phase change material made by mixing paraffin and graphite; and / or, the first skeleton (2) and the second skeleton (3) are both TPMS skeletons.

5. The phase change energy storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lattice structure of the first framework (2) is a radial cylindrical periodic lattice, and the lattice structure of the second framework (3) is a radial annular periodic lattice.

6. The phase change energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluid channel (13) extends in a folded line or a wavy line along the axial direction of the housing (1).

7. The phase change energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (1), the first frame (2) and / or the second frame (3) are made of AlSi10Mg, copper or a copper alloy; and a heat-insulating component is provided on the periphery of the shell (1).

8. The phase change energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The shell (1) is further provided with a liquid inlet chamber (14) and a liquid outlet chamber (15), wherein the liquid inlet chamber (14) is located at the top of the shell (1), and the liquid outlet chamber (15) is located at the bottom of the shell (1); and both the liquid inlet chamber (14) and the liquid outlet chamber (15) are in communication with the fluid channel (13); The shell (1) further comprises a flow dividing component (4), the flow dividing component (4) and the top of the shell (1) are both conical, the flow dividing component (4) is located in the liquid inlet cavity (14), and a fluid inlet (18) is extended from the flow dividing component (4), the interior of the flow dividing component (4) constitutes a first liquid inlet cavity (141), the flow dividing component (4) and the shell (1) constitute a second liquid inlet cavity (142), and the fluid channel (13) is connected to the second liquid inlet cavity (142); and a plurality of liquid dividing holes (41) are provided along the circumferential direction on one side of the flow dividing component (4) close to the fluid channel (13), so as to allow the fluid to flow from the first liquid inlet cavity (141) to the second liquid inlet cavity (142).

9. The phase change energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The liquid outlet cavity (15) comprises an annular liquid collecting portion (151) and a liquid collecting channel (152); the annular liquid collecting portion (151) corresponds to the outlet position of the fluid channel (13); the liquid collecting channel (152) extends radially along the annular liquid collecting portion (151); and both ends of the liquid collecting channel (152) are respectively connected to the annular liquid collecting portion (151); a fluid outlet (19) is provided in the middle of the liquid collecting channel (152).

10. The phase change energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A plurality of reinforcing ribs are provided between the flow dividing component (4) and the inner side of the top of the shell (1); and / or a plurality of connecting blocks are provided on a side of the fluid channel (13) close to the liquid outlet chamber (15), and the fluid flows from the fluid channel (13) to the liquid outlet chamber (15) along the gaps between adjacent connecting blocks.

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