281 results about "Capillary network" patented technology

In an aspect, the present invention uses projection micro stereolithography to generate three-dimensional microvessel networks that are capable of supporting and fostering growth of a cell population. For example, provided is a method of making a microvascularized bioreactor via layer-by-layer polymerization of a photocurable liquid composition with repeated patterns of illumination, wherein each layer corresponds to a layer of the desired microvessel network. The plurality of layers are assembled to make a microvascular network. Support structures having different etch rates than the structures that make up the network provides access to manufacturing arbitrary geometries that cannot be made by conventional methods. A cell population is introduced to the external wall of the network to obtain a microvascularized bioreactor. Provided are various methods and related bioreactors, wherein the network wall has a permeability to a biological material that varies within and along the network.

Regulator for precision control of pressure based on a means of measuring pressure differentials. More specifically, the present invention provides a pressure control that tracks a relatively high background pressure, and applies a positive or negative offset to create the small pressure differentials that can be utilized to transport fluids within a capillary network. The present invention is also directed to a method of controlling microfluidic elements (such as donut cavities) with a high degree of precision. In high performance liquid chromatography applications, this is accomplished using tracking pressure regulators to measure and respond to the difference between the liquid pump pressure and the regulated pneumatic pressure.

The present invention concerns capillary force vaporizers for use in vaporizing liquids and emitting pressurized vapors. In one embodiment, the inventive capillary force vaporizer includes a porous member, a heater component to convey heat to the porous member, and a vapor containment region. The porous member further includes a capillary network, a surface for receiving liquid and a vaporization area in which vapor is produced from the liquid. The vapor is collected and pressurized within the vapor containment region, which includes one or more openings for the release of vapor at a velocity greater than zero. Several different embodiments for capillary force vaporizers and systems comprising capillary force vaporizers are disclosed along with methods for their use.

Method for dynamically controlling data paths of Machine-type-communication (MTC) local access device(s) are proposed along with a MTC gateway and a network device using the same method. In one embodiment, the proposed method may include following: a network device, receiving and storing capillary network information and MTC gateway interconnection information from at least one MTC server; combining the access network information with the capillary network information and the MTC gateway interconnection information to build an aggregated topology map; generating enhanced policy rules according to the aggregated topology map related to at least one capillary network; and respectively transmitting the enhanced policy rules to the interconnected MTC gateways.

Tissue engineering holds enormous potential to replace or restore function to a wide range of tissues. However, the most successful applications have been limited to thin avascular tissues in which delivery of essential nutrients occurs primarily by diffusion. Pursuant to the present invention, a prevascularized, thick tissue construct is created having a network of capillaries with lumens capable of nutrient and origin delivery and forming anastamoses to host vasculature. A tissue transplantation strategy is comprised of (1) in vitro vascularization of a tisue construct, (2) transplantation of prevascularized tissue to wound bed of host where vessels of implantable tissue and host rapidly anastomose, and (3) host-directed remodeling and reorganization of the tissue and vascular network.

The invention belongs to the field of application of heating ventilation air conditioning technologies, relates to an indoor thermal comfort regulating and system energy saving process and particularly relates to a solar phase change heat storage and capillary network radiation heating system. The solar phase change heat storage and capillary network radiation heating system consists of a solar heat collecting module (I), a phase change heat storage module (II), a capillary network radiation heating module (III) and other auxiliary devices, wherein the solar heat collecting module (I) includes a solar heat collector (1); the phase change heat storage module (II) includes a phase change heat storage and release device (2); the capillary network radiation heating module (III) includes a capillary network low-temperature radiation heating network (7); and other auxiliary devices comprise an auxiliary heater box (6), a heat-insulating water storage tank (8), a circulating water pump (9), a pipeline tee joint (10), a pipeline tee joint (14), a pipeline tee joint (15), a cut-off valve (3), a cut-off valve (4), a cut-off valve (5), a cut-off valve (11), a cut-off valve (12), a cut-off valve (13) and the like; and the functions of saving energy and raising the thermal comfort of an indoor environment are achieved by fully utilizing solar resources.

Regulator for precision control of pressure based on a means of measuring pressure differentials. More specifically, the present invention provides a pressure control that tracks a relatively high background pressure, and applies a positive or negative offset to create the small pressure differentials that can be utilized to transport fluids within a capillary network. The present invention is also directed to a method of controlling microfluidic elements (such as donut cavities) with a high degree of precision. In high performance liquid chromatography applications, this is accomplished using tracking pressure regulators to measure and respond to the difference between the liquid pump pressure and the regulated pneumatic pressure.

The invention discloses an indoor geothermal heating structure utilizing a capillary network and a phase-change thermal storage material, which belongs to the technical field of solar building heating. The structure includes a floor decoration layer, an upper phase change material, a capillary grid, a lower phase change material, a reflection film, an insulation layer and a floor base layer from top to bottom. The floor decoration layer is supported by dragon frames laid on the insulation layer, the dragon frames pass through the tube gaps of capillary grids, and the phase change material layers are arranged between adjacent dragon frames. The hot water from the low-temperature heat source exchanges heat with the upper and lower phase-change materials in the capillary, and supplies heat to the room through the floor decoration layer; at night, the phase-change material solidifies and releases heat to supply heat to the room through the floor decoration layer. The indoor geothermal heating structure of this capillary network and phase change heat storage material has the characteristics of large heat exchange area, uniform temperature, fast start-up, less space occupation, more flexible layout, and convenient installation. The indoor temperature is uniform, and the indoor thermal comfort is good. Wide application prospects and promotion value.

The invention discloses a capillary network tail end water source heat pump (WSHP) central air conditioning system, comprising a water source heat pump (WSHP) set, a capillary network radiation cyclic system, a replacement fresh air dehumidification cyclic system and a temperature and humidity control system, wherein the WSHP set is communicated with the water inlet of the capillary network radiation cyclic system via a circulating pump, a water collector and a water segregator; external cold and heat sources are communicated with the inner cavity of a surface cooler via a circulating pump and a water inlet orifice, and go back via a water outlet orifice; and fresh air is communicated with an indoor air outlet through the surface cooler after heat exchange is realized between the refresh air and indoor return air via a plate heat exchanger. The invention has the advantages of higher temperature of cold water in summer, lower temperature of hot water in winter, high unit efficiency, stable and efficient operation, lowered operation energy consumption, reduced transmission and distribution energy consumption, high efficiency of transmitting cold and heat quantities, even temperature distribution and little noise, and a tail end system is provided with no moving parts and has the functions of refrigeration, heating, dehumidification and air circulation and satisfies the requirement of the indoor fresh air supply all the year round.

A method and apparatus are provided to facilitate communications with MTC devices. An apparatus may include processing circuitry configured at least to receive a broadcasted triggering message and to determine whether the triggering message identifies a machine-type communication (MTC) gateway or another device within a capillary network supported by the MTC gateway. The processing circuitry may cause at least a portion of the triggering message to be provided to a device within the capillary network in an instance in which the triggering message identifies the device within the capillary network. The processing circuitry may also be configured to determine an action requested by the triggering message in an instance in which the triggering message identifies the MTC gateway.

The invention provides an active and passive combined annual phase-change energy storage room capable of being used all year around, wherein the energy storage room aims to enable a building applying phase-change materials to operate in an energy-saving mode, enable the wall body of the building to adjust the air in a room all year around and extract natural cooling capacity actively, improve the storage and efficiency, heat storage and discharge and heat storage efficiency and cooling efficiency of a phase-change wall board and improve the air quality in the room and the indoor comfort. The active and passive combined annual phase-change energy storage room capable of being used all year around comprises a roof lighting room body, a phase-change combined wall body, a water system and a ventilation system. The roof lighting room body comprises a wall body with the four light-proof faces and a light-transmitting roof for collecting light. The phase-change combined wall body comprises the phase-change wall board, mortar made of phase-change materials, a capillary network, a glass cover plate, an air flue and air inlet. The water system comprises a water cooling and heating device, a water storage device and a tail end device. The ventilation system comprises an air supply device, the air flue, the air opening and a corresponding sealing device. By means of the scheme, great significance is provided for increase of the utilization rate of new resources and the phase-change materials in the building.

The invention discloses a dew point temperature controlling method and device. The method comprises the following steps that the indoor environment temperature, the indoor environment humidity and the cold surface temperature are detected in real time, and the dew point temperature is calculated according to the indoor environment temperature and the indoor environment humidity; under a refrigerating mode, if the indoor environment humidity is larger than or equal to a first humidity threshold, a fan is only started to conduct dehumidification till the indoor environment humidity is smaller than a second humidity threshold or the indoor environment temperature is lower than a first set temperature, the fan is closed, wherein the second humidity threshold is smaller than the first humidity threshold; and if the indoor environment humidity is smaller than the first humidity threshold, a capillary network cold water valve and the fan are controlled to be started or closed according to the indoor environment temperature, a first temperature return difference compensating section, the dew point temperature and the cold surface temperature, so that the indoor environment temperature is adjusted to be maintained within the first temperature return difference compensating section. By means of the dew point temperature controlling method, unified control over a refrigerating system and a dehumidifying system can be achieved, the dew formation of a capillary network is effectively avoided, and the refrigerating requirement under a high-temperature and high-humidity environment is not affected.

The invention discloses an all-water capillary network air conditioning system which is free os a fan and an air conditioning method. The invention is characterized in that a capillary network radiated unit and a capillary network air circulatory unit are arranged in one air conditioning area. The capillary network for radiation is arranged in the capillary network radiated unit, in which cooling water or hot water of 15 to 40 DEG C is infused. The capillary network radiates towards the air conditioning area and cool or heat. The capillary network air circulatory unit is provided with a case. A case panel towards the air conditioning area is provided with an upper air inlet and a lower air inlet. The capillary network for air circulation is arranged in the case, in which cooling water or hot water is infused from an external machinery room of cold and hot source. The temperature difference generated by the air conditioning area and the case of the capillary network air circulatory unit realizes the air circulation and the moisture removal of the air conditioning area. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation, no need of other equipment, no noise, less space and obvious energy-saving effect. The service life can be as long as 50 years. The invention can be used in winter and summer, suitable for promotion and application.

A method and apparatus are provided to facilitate communications with MTC devices. An apparatus may include processing circuitry configured at least to receive a broadcasted triggering message and to determine whether the triggering message identifies a machine-type communication (MTC) gateway or another device within a capillary network supported by the MTC gateway. The processing circuitry may cause at least a portion of the triggering message to be provided to a device within the capillary network in an instance in which the triggering message identifies the device within the capillary network. The processing circuitry may also be configured to determine an action requested by the triggering message in an instance in which the triggering message identifies the MTC gateway.

The invention discloses a tissue-engineered bone. The tissue-engineered bone is multilayer cell sheet lamination compound with a three-dimensional capillary network, the multilayer cell sheet lamination compound consists of n laminated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell sheets and vascular endothelial cells among all bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell sheet layers, and n is in a range of 3-8. A preparation method of the tissue-engineered bone comprises steps as follows: firstly, a photosensitive semiconductor structural layer is prepared on the surface of a cell culture dish, so that a photosensitive cell culture dish is obtained; then bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are cultured with the photosensitive cell culture dish, and the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell sheets are obtained; finally, the multilayer cell sheet lamination compound consisting of multiple layers of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell sheets and the vascular endothelial cells is constructed and cultured to obtain the tissue-engineered bone. The tissue-engineered bone purely consists of homologous cells, so that pollution caused by immunological rejection and stent degradation is reduced, and the tissue-engineered bone is significant in bone defect repair and early vascularization; the method is simple, easy to implement and convenient to popularize.

Disclosed herein are capillary fabrication devices comprising living cells within a support medium. Culture of the cells produces viable lumenized capillary networks with natural or pre-determined geometries and ECM and basement membrane associated with the capillary networks. The capillary networks and the ECM and basement membrane detachable from the capillary networks are useful for tissue engineering applications.

The invention discloses a solar energy, heat pump and capillary network compound hot water heating / refrigerating device which comprises a heat storage water tank, wherein the heat storage water tank is respectively connected with a first circulation pipeline and a third circulation pipeline; the first circulation pipeline is connected with a solar heat collector; the third circulation pipeline is connected with a water source heat pump; a heat exchanger is arranged in the heat storage water tank; the heat exchanger is connected with a capillary network by a fourth circulation pipeline; a first circulating pump is mounted on the first circulation pipeline; a third circulating pump is mounted on the third circulation pipeline; and a fourth circulating pump is mounted on the fourth circulation pipeline. The invention has the advantages that by using the heating / refrigerating device, the functions of heating in winter, refrigeration in summer and providing hot water for users at any time can be realized, solar resources are fully utilized, the energy consumption is low, and the switching on / off of the each equipment can be accomplished by automatic control. In winter, the circulation pipelines can be prevented from being frozen. Water in the water tank can be automatically replenished, and hot water can flow out once the water outlet is turned on.

The invention discloses an anti-condensation metal radiant panel device and a manufacturing method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: performing super-hydrophobic treatment on a metal panel by adopting a super-hydrophobic surface manufacturing technology, so as to enable the surface of the metal panel to be in a super-hydrophobic state; then installing a capillary network or a copper coil pipe on a super-hydrophobic metal radiant panel; paving an aluminum foil in the middle so as to ensure that the capillary network or the copper coil pipe is in close contact with the super-hydrophobic metal radiant panel; installing a thermal insulating layer on the upper surface of the capillary network or the copper coil pipe; then covering the thermal insulating layer by use of a cover plate; performing fastening combined installation by use of a fastener, thereby forming the metal radiant panel with a radiation function, a cold supply function and a heat supply function. The radiant panel is capable of preserving the super-hydrophobic characteristic of a lower radiant surface after being put in the air for a long time, so that when the metal radiant panel is used in a radiant cold-supply air-conditioning system, a condensation phenomenon can not occur to the surface in any wet air; the anti-condensation metal radiant panel can be used for thoroughly solving the problem that condensation occurs easily when the radiant panel is used for radiation and cold supply.

The invention discloses a capillary network heat pump system utilizing solar energy, comprising a solar heat-collecting circulating system, a heat pump circulating system and a capillary network circulating system. The solar heat-collecting circulating system comprises a solar water circulating pump, a solar heat-collecting pipe, a heat-collecting water tank, a vent valve, an auxiliary electric heater, a watercomplementing hole and a hot water hole, the heat pump circulating system comprises a refrigerant circulating system and a water circulating system, the refrigerant circulating system comprises a compressor, a condenser, an electronic expansion valve, an evaporator and a four-way reversing valve, the water circulating system comprises a circulating water pump at a heat source side, a system circulating water pump, a water collecting / distributing device, a by-pass valve and a connecting valve, and the capillary network circulating system comprises a capillary network for radiation and a weight air conditioner cabinet. The invention has the advantages that solar energy is combined with the radiation heat exchange between a water source heat pump and the tail ends of the capillary network and the system has characteristics of independent dehumidification, convenient mounting, energy saving, high efficiency, no noise, environmental protection, softness and comfortableness.

The invention discloses an energy-saving comfortable air-conditioning system and a working method thereof, the energy-saving comfortable air-conditioning system comprises four parts, namely a soil cold and heat source part, a solar energy heat source part, a fresh air processing part and an air-conditioning terminal, when both a cooling load and a moisture load are small, cold water is directly provided for a capillary network on a wall surface, a ground source heat pump unit with heat recovery does not work, a fresh air heat recovery device is used for performing heat exchange between fresh air and exhaust air and then sending the fresh air into a displacement ventilation device; when the cooling load is large, the ground source heat pump unit with the heat recovery is in refrigeration operation state and used for providing cooling medium water for the capillary network on the wall surface; when a heat load is small, after being subjected to heat exchange through the fresh air heat recovery device, the fresh air passes through enters into a fresh air processor for being heated and is further sent to the displacement ventilation device; when the heat load is large, solar energy isfirstly utilized and the indoor end of the unit is simultaneously used for providing a heating medium for the capillary network on the ground. By adopting the energy-saving comfortable air-conditioning system, the energy consumption of the air-conditioning system for processing the moisture load is reduced, and the fresh air processing system can reduce the emission of condensation heat to soil, thereby simultaneously improving an hot and humid indoor environment and air quality.

The invention relates to a seeping micro-irrigation container and a preparation method thereof. The container is made of a micro-irrigation material with a capillary water seeping function, has a three-dimensional network capillary water seeping structure of inorganic particles and thermoplastic plastics, and has a power-free self-adaptation, continuous and balanced seeping function. According to water potential of soil contacted with the container, water can seep outwards automatically through the capillary network structure inside the container or stop seeping outwards. The container further comprises a gel protective layer (11). The container has good water seeping capacity, can prevent blocking, bacteria and rats, can be used as a mini reservoir independently, can also be connected with a pipeline system, and forms a power-free self-adaptation, continuous and balanced seeping micro-irrigation system.

A method and apparatus for heat exchange with a volatile fluid in a parallel-channel capillary network traversing a solid receiver module manifests a multi-functional miniature device capable of performing as an evaporator, a condenser, a humidifier, a single-stream heat exchanger, a pressure generator, a thrust motor, a Fraunhofer diffraction device, or a collimation device. Heat is exchanged at a dedicated interface on the body by thermal contact or radiative fluence, and indirectly with the working fluid. Application-specific process control is manifested by applied heat rate, control of fluid saturation levels and vapor partial pressure at the capillary ends, and arrangement of flow network connections. The system operates in steady-state or transient modes, depending on the adapted functional mode and duty cycle. Specific materials and working fluids tolerate transient system performance levels of apparent heat rates exceeding 10 [MW / m3] and local fluid pressures exceeding 1 [GPa].

A gateway for interfacing a capillary network of communicating devices with an access point of a cellular network. The gateway includes a plurality of input buffers designed to store elementary packets. A plurality of output buffers store composite packets formed by aggregation of elementary packets, each output buffer being associated with a type of flow of the cellular network. A flow regulator determines for each output buffer, parameters of size and / or transmission times of the composite packets such that the flow of these packets is consistent with the type of flow of the cellular network associated with the output buffer. A multiplexing device transfers and aggregates elementary packets, stored in the input buffers, in the form of composite packets having the parameters determined by the flow regulator. A scheduling device for transmitting the composite packets by the transmission resources of the cellular network.

The invention relates to an air conditioning wall with a capillary network and an air conditioning system adopting the air conditioning wall, the air conditioning wall comprises a load-bearing support wall and the capillary network fixed in the air conditioning wall, and the air conditioning wall is characterized in that the air conditioning wall further comprises a passive radiation surface, and spacing intervals are respectively left between the passive radiation surface and the capillary network, and between the load-bearing support wall and the capillary network for avoiding contact; and the air conditioning system uses the air conditioning wall as a tail-end heat exchanger of an air conditioner. The air conditioning system has the following advantages: high efficiency, energy conservation, high comfort level, space conservation, greenness, environment friendliness, faster cooling and warming up and long service life.

A three-dimensional capillary network biochip manufacturing method includes steps: using a 3D (three dimensional) bio-printer for making macromolecular hydrogel into a blood capillary simulated sacrificial three-dimensional network stent; filling a solidifiable liquid-state biocompatible polymer material around the stent and between hydrogel lines forming the stent; after the liquid-state biocompatible polymer material is solidified, removing the stent to obtain a micro-fluidic chip with a hollow capillary network; planting endothelial cells in the capillary network of the micro-fluidic chip; culturing the endothelial cells to enable adherence growth of the endothelial cells to obtain capillaries through endothelialization, so that the micro-fluidic chip is made into a three-dimensional capillary network biochip.The three-dimensional capillary network biochip manufacturing method has the advantages of technical simplicity, low cost and the like.

The invention provides a B-type moistube manufactured through a one-step forming method, a manufacturing method of the B-type moistube and application of the B-type moistube. An existing moistube is a novel irrigation water supply device which is manufactured with a functional new material semi-permeable membrane serving as a core material. A huge number of microporous networks are distributed on the semi-permeable membrane, water outlet network points appear on the whole membrane wall after the membrane is filled with water, moisture can be slowly released out of the membrane, the amount of the released water depends on the energy difference of the two sides of the membrane, the larger the energy difference is, the larger the amount of the released water is, and therefore the amount of the released water can be controlled by adjusting pressure in the membrane. According to the B-type moistube for agricultural irrigation, tube bodies formed by the tube wall are equal in diameter, the tube wall is a thick-wall single-layer tube wall, the tube body is the moistube wall which is provided with the capillary network and is produced through once extrusion forming conducted by an extrusion tube making machine and corresponding auxiliary machines and through extraction conducted by an extraction machine. The B-type moistube is used for agricultural water-saving type irrigation.

A histo-enigineered esophagus is disclosed, and it contains a dual-layer structure of epithelial layer and dermis layer constructed by scaffold material and seed cells. The vascular endothelial cellsin the dermis layer directly take part in the creation of capillary network. Two revascularization methods are used for quickly communicating with the blood supply channel of receptor.

The invention discloses an earth cold and ice storage cold combined refrigeration system, comprising a dehumidifying and cooling module, a cyclic cold supply module, an ice storage cold module and a capillary cold supply module, wherein the dehumidifying and cooling module feeds fresh air to the inside of a room after cooling and dehumidifying the fresh air, so as to adjust the indoor humidity; the capillary cold supply module carries out heat exchange together with indoor air through a capillary network heat exchanger, so as to adjust the indoor temperature to achieve separated control of the temperature and the humidity. By adopting the combined refrigeration system, outdoor gas is guided to the inside of the room through three heat exchange processes, so that the temperature of the outdoor gas is reduced and steam is discharged as much as possible; and then a part of heat is absorbed by a heat exchanger for returning temperature, so that not only is the comfort level of the combined refrigeration system adjusted, but also the content of vapor can be further reduced, so as to adjust the indoor temperature and humidity; a cold source used in cooling for the second time is supplied by the ice storage cold module and the capillary cold supply module; the ice storage cold module reduces the operating cost by using a peak valley price difference; the capillary cold supply module supplies cold by using the earth cold, so as to save an energy source.

The invention discloses a subway waste heat source heat pump system with an auxiliary cold source and a working method of the system. The system comprises a capillary network front-end heat exchanger,a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a radiation tail end and the auxiliary cold source, the capillary network front-end heat exchanger conveys high-temperature liquid to the evaporator througha circulation loop between a winter subway waste heat source side heat exchanger and a heat pump unit, low-temperature return water at the radiation tail end is conveyed to the condenser through a circulation loop between the winter load side radiation tail end and the heat pump unit, and high-temperature water flows into the radiation tail end from the condenser and supplies heat for an above-ground building. After cooling water in the condenser exchanges heat with high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant gas, the cooling water is conveyed into the auxiliary cold source for cooling througha circulation loop between a summer auxiliary cold source side and the heat pump unit, the cooling water in the condenser is conveyed to the evaporator through a throttling valve, and chilled water inthe evaporator is cooled and conveyed to the radiation tail end through a circulation loop between the summer load side radiation tail end and the heat pump unit to cool the above-ground building.