The invention discloses a
fluid management system and a gas
liquefaction system and method for a microgravity environment, and belongs to the technical field of space resource on-
orbit processing and
space environment control. In order to solve the core problems of low efficiency or failure of gas-liquid separation under microgravity, difficulty in on-
orbit maintenance and insufficient
fluid management precision, the
fluid management system is composed of two core modules of self-adaptive gas-liquid separation and intelligent fluid storage and transportation. As a key application, the system can further integrate a gas pretreatment module, a
refrigeration liquefaction module, an
energy management module and a global safety protection module to form a complete gas
liquefaction closed loop. The core innovation of the device is as follows: a modular rotary capillary dynamic separator is adopted, the separator realizes gas-liquid capture through a
capillary network rotating at a high speed, and the problems of microgravity separation and on-
orbit maintenance are cooperatively solved by virtue of an optimized liquid collection structure and a vertical bag-shaped or
catenary bionic arc-shaped collection cavity module which can be quickly detached; meanwhile, a resettable diaphragm collecting device is integrated, and a diaphragm is driven to reciprocate through precise
servo control of a driving
air cavity, so that lossless collection, precise metering and controllable transfer of liquid under microgravity are realized. According to the system, step-by-step condensation and product purity improvement can be realized through modular series-parallel configuration, or linear expansion of
processing capacity can be realized. The invention provides a universal fluid operation platform for space tasks, and particularly solves the
bottleneck problems of autonomous guarantee and fine management of low-temperature fluid in long-term space tasks.