Three-dimensional equivalent simulation device and method for long-deep-hole double-point explosion impact of high-stress rock mass

Abstract

The invention provides a high-stress rock mass long-deep hole two-point explosion impact three-dimensional equivalent simulation device and method.The device comprises a prefabricated rock sample and an impacter, the prefabricated rock sample is provided with a first through hole, the first through hole is provided with a first opening and a second opening, films are arranged at the first opening and the second opening, and the space between the two films is filled with liquid; one impactor is arranged on one side of the prefabricated rock sample or two impactors are arranged on two sides of the prefabricated rock sample, each impactor comprises an impact pipeline, an electromagnetic coil, an external circuit, an impact block and a conduction block, the impact pipeline is provided with a second through hole, and the electromagnetic coil is arranged in the second through hole and is connected with alternating current through the external circuit; the second through hole is provided with a third opening and a fourth opening, the impact block is arranged in the second through hole and located in the third opening, one part of the conduction block is arranged in the second through hole and located in the fourth opening, and the other part of the conduction block is arranged in the first through hole and tightly attached to the film. According to the invention, the impact energy can be efficiently utilized to conveniently realize the single-point and double-point explosion impact experiment simulation in the rock mass hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of experimental simulation of rock mass engineering blasting loading, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional equivalent simulation device and method for double-point explosion shock of long and deep holes in high-stress rock masses. Background Art

[0002] The dynamic process of explosion cracking of high-stress rock masses and its cracking mechanism have always been the focus of attention in the fields of engineering blasting and rock dynamics. Especially in the actual engineering production site, it is difficult to carry out various different working conditions and repeated experiments to analyze and verify the explosion evolution mechanism and influence law. Therefore, carrying out indoor explosion shock tests has become the key means to promote experimental research in this field. Restricted by the high safety risks of explosives and detonators themselves, and the explosion-generated smoke and fire seriously affecting the actual landscape observation of the explosion cracking process, proposing a simulation method that can simulate the in-hole impact load and is safe and controllable has become the research goal.

[0003] Regarding the experimental simulation technology for the impact damage cracking mechanism of rock masses, domestic and foreign scholars have, to a certain extent, realized the excitation and loading of rapid pressure loads in local areas through means such as drop hammers, Hopkinson bars, and hydraulic servo-driven instruments. Such methods can basically achieve better impact loading in the form of local planes, but have poor applicability in the uniform outward expansion impact loading on the inner wall of the hole. In addition, for gas combustion explosion simulation methods such as carbon dioxide, due to the strong attenuation effect of the air medium, the impact source pressure will be severely reduced, and the energy transmission efficiency is significantly reduced. In addition, the proposed drop hammer impact test method in water uses the impact pressure in water to simulate three-dimensional explosion loads and has good applicability. However, limited by the type of drop hammer in the method, the height of the rock mass suitable for long and deep hole research is severely restricted. Moreover, after water injection in the hole, when the drop hammer block impacts and loads, the air cushion is difficult to escape effectively, and part of the air is squeezed into the water, making it difficult to avoid the cavitation effect, which weakens the peak impact pressure to a certain extent. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional equivalent simulation device and method for double-point explosion shock of long and deep holes in high-stress rock masses, which can efficiently utilize the impact energy, and safely, controllably, low-costly, and efficiently and conveniently realize the experimental simulation of single-point and double-point explosion shocks in the rock mass hole, with high promotion feasibility and wide application prospects.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A three-dimensional equivalent simulation device for double-point explosion shock of long and deep holes in high-stress rock masses, comprising:

[0007] The prefabricated rock sample has a first through hole transversely arranged in the middle. The first through hole has a first opening and a second opening arranged opposite to each other. Films are provided near the first opening and the second opening in the first through hole, and a liquid is filled between the inner sides of the two films in the first through hole.

[0008] One impactor is arranged on one side of the prefabricated rock sample or two impactors are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the prefabricated rock sample. The impactor includes an impact pipe, an electromagnetic coil, an external circuit, an impact block and a conduction block. The impact pipe has a second through hole transversely arranged inside. The electromagnetic coil is wound around the second through hole along the extending direction of the second through hole. The external circuit is used to supply alternating current to the electromagnetic coil to generate an alternating magnetic field in the second through hole. The second through hole has a third opening and a fourth opening arranged opposite to each other. The impact block is arranged in the second through hole and is at the third opening. A part of the conduction block is arranged in the second through hole and is at the fourth opening, and another part is arranged in the first through hole and is close to the film.

[0009] Further, it further includes a base, and the impact pipe is erected on the base through a support column.

[0010] Further, it further includes a bracket. The bracket is a cuboid frame structure. The bracket is fixed on the base. The prefabricated rock sample is a cuboid structure, and the prefabricated rock sample is clamped in the bracket.

[0011] Further, it further includes a pressure applicator. The width and height of the prefabricated rock sample are respectively smaller than the width and height of the bracket. A plurality of pressure applicators are arranged in the bracket to pressurize the top and / or side of the prefabricated rock sample.

[0012] Further, the pressure applicator includes a push seat, a push rod and a diffusion plate. The push seat is fixed in the bracket. One end of the push rod is slidably connected to the push seat. One end of the diffusion plate is fixed to the other end of the push rod. The other end of the diffusion plate abuts against the prefabricated rock sample, and the size of the diffusion plate gradually increases along the direction away from the push rod.

[0013] Further, the cross sections of the second through hole and the first through hole are both circular, and both the impact block and the conduction block are cylindrical structures.

[0014] Furthermore, the direction in which the first through-hole extends from the first opening to the second opening is inclined upward at a certain angle. A liquid injection hole and an exhaust hole are provided on the prefabricated rock sample. One end of the liquid injection hole is communicated with the first through-hole, and the other end is arranged on the surface of the prefabricated rock sample for injecting liquid. One end of the exhaust hole is communicated with the first through-hole, and the other end is arranged on the surface of the prefabricated rock sample for discharging gas. The height of one end of the liquid injection hole is lower than the height of one end of the exhaust hole. The inclination angle of the first through-hole is 1 to 2°.

[0015] Furthermore, the inclination angle of the second through-hole is 1 to 2°, where

[0016] When one impactor is arranged on one side of the prefabricated rock sample, the direction in which the second through-hole extends from the third opening to the fourth opening is inclined upward at a certain angle so that the fourth opening and the first opening are relatively positioned;

[0017] When two impactors are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the prefabricated rock sample, the direction in which the second through-hole on the first side of the prefabricated rock sample extends from the third opening to the fourth opening is inclined upward at a certain angle so that the fourth opening of the second through-hole on the first side and the first opening are relatively positioned. The direction in which the second through-hole on the second side of the prefabricated rock sample extends from the fourth opening to the third opening is inclined upward at a certain angle so that the fourth opening of the second through-hole on the second side and the second opening are relatively positioned.

[0018] Furthermore, 1 / 3 of the conduction block is arranged in the second through-hole and 2 / 3 of it is arranged in the first through-hole.

[0019] A three-dimensional equivalent simulation method for double-point explosion shock in deep long holes of high-stress rock masses, applied to the above-mentioned three-dimensional equivalent simulation method for double-point explosion shock in deep long holes of high-stress rock masses, includes:

[0020] Step 1: Prepare a prefabricated rock sample. A horizontally arranged first through-hole is opened in the middle of the prefabricated rock sample. The first through-hole has a first opening and a second opening arranged opposite to each other. Films are arranged near the first opening and the second opening in the first through-hole, and the space between the inner sides of the two films in the first through-hole is filled with liquid;

[0021] Step 2: Manufacture an impactor. The impactor includes an impact pipe, an electromagnetic coil, an external circuit, an impact block and a conduction block. A horizontally arranged first through-hole is opened inside the impact pipe. The second through-hole has a third opening and a fourth opening arranged opposite to each other. The electromagnetic coil is wound around the second through-hole along the extension direction of the second through-hole, and the external circuit is electrically connected to the electromagnetic coil. Determine whether to conduct a single-point explosion experiment simulation or a double-point explosion experiment simulation. If a single-point explosion experiment simulation is to be conducted, jump to Step 3. If a double-point explosion experiment simulation is to be conducted, jump to Step 4;

[0022] Step 3: Set one impactor on one side of the prefabricated rock sample, place the impact block in the second through-hole and at the third opening, place a part of the conduction block in the second through-hole and at the fourth opening, and the other part in the first through-hole and close to the film. Pass alternating current through the electromagnetic coil via an external circuit to generate an alternating magnetic field in the second through-hole. The alternating magnetic field is used to accelerate the impact block to hit the conduction block. The conduction block breaks through the film to induce a triangular shock load in the liquid, causing the prefabricated rock sample to crack, and the experiment ends.

[0023] Step 4: Symmetrically set two impactors on both sides of the prefabricated rock sample. For each impactor, place the impact block in the second through-hole and at the third opening, place a part of the conduction block in the second through-hole and at the fourth opening, and the other part in the first through-hole and close to the film. Pass alternating current through the electromagnetic coil via an external circuit to generate an alternating magnetic field in the second through-hole. The alternating magnetic field is used to accelerate the two impact blocks to hit the two conduction blocks. The two conduction blocks respectively break through the two films to induce a triangular shock load in the liquid, causing the prefabricated rock sample to crack, and the experiment ends.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) In the present invention, an alternating magnetic field is used to accelerate the impact block by passing alternating current through the electromagnetic coil, so that the impact block hits the conduction block outside the sealing film at a high speed. The conduction block is accelerated from the initial static state, squeezes the film and the internal liquid and is restricted, and then decelerates and unloads. Thus, a triangular-type slamming pressure load corresponding to loading and unloading is excited on the vertical plane of the liquid. The pressure wave continuously propagates inward and along the hole radial direction through the liquid, equivalently realizing the three-dimensional equivalent simulation of the impact pressure instantaneously generated at the hole opening, acting on the annular hole wall, and continuously propagating and attenuating along the hole axis depth direction.

[0026] (2) In the present invention, the state before impact is set to zero. The process of rapid conduction corresponds to the process of liquid being compressed. The time of the leading edge of the induced triangular pressure becomes longer. Under the condition that the impact block has the same energy, the effect of the leading edge of the pressure can be adjusted by adjusting the mass, friction, etc. of the conduction block, and the pressure curve in the period before the pressure peak can be effectively regulated. Moreover, the conduction block is located in front of the liquid and is closely arranged, eliminating the influence of air in advance, thus significantly reducing the existence of the bubble effect and improving the simplicity and efficiency of impact pressure excitation.

[0027] (2) The present invention avoids the air cushion layer in the traditional liquid injection impact process and its cavitation effect in the hydrodynamic process, can effectively ensure the impact energy transfer efficiency, and the prefabricated rock sample is horizontally arranged, which is convenient for studying the stress wave propagation law in the long and deep holes. Moreover, the two orifices can simulate the stress wave propagation and impact cracking mechanism induced by double-point initiation, and can safely, controllably, low-costly and conveniently realize the single-point or double-point explosion impact experiment simulation of the long and deep holes in the rock mass, with high popularization feasibility and wide application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the device for the single-point explosion impact experiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the device for the double-point explosion impact experiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the prefabricated rock sample of the present invention in the bracket;

[0032] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the first through hole of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the first angle of the cracking of the prefabricated rock sample of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the second angle of the cracking of the prefabricated rock sample of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 is a flowchart of the three-dimensional equivalent simulation method for the double-point explosion impact of the long and deep holes in the high-stress rock mass of the present invention.

[0036] Among them; 1. Prefabricated rock sample; 11. First through hole; 111. First opening; 112. Second opening; 12. Thin film; 13. Liquid; 14. Liquid injection hole; 15. Exhaust hole;

[0037] 2. Impactor; 21. Impact pipeline; 211. Second through hole; 2111. Third opening; 2112. Fourth opening; 22. Electromagnetic coil; 23. External circuit; 24. Impact block; 25. Conductive block;

[0038] 3. Base;

[0039] 4. Support column;

[0040] 5. Pressurizer; 51. Pushing seat; 52. Pushing rod; 53. Diffusion plate;

[0041] 6. Bracket Specific implementation manner

[0042] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, " / " means "or". For example, A / B may mean A or B; "and / or" in the text is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B may mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more than two.

[0045] In some processes described in the embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of operations or steps appear in a specific order. However, it should be understood that these operations or steps may not be executed in the order in which they appear in the embodiments of the present invention or may be executed in parallel. The serial numbers of the operations are only used to distinguish the different operations, and the serial numbers themselves do not represent any execution order. In addition, these processes may include more or fewer operations, and these operations or steps may be executed in order or in parallel, and these operations or steps may be combined.

[0046] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0047] Embodiment 1

[0048] Embodiment 1 provides a three-dimensional equivalent simulation device for double-point explosion shock in long and deep holes in high-stress rock masses, as Figures 1-4As shown, it includes a prefabricated rock sample 1 and an impactor 2.

[0049] The prefabricated rock sample 1 has a length × width × thickness of 4000 mm × 600 mm × 600 mm. The prefabricated rock sample 1 is placed horizontally and has a first through hole 11 arranged horizontally in the middle. The diameter of the first through hole 11 is 50 mm. The first through hole 11 has a first opening 111 and a second opening 112 arranged oppositely. Thin films 12 are provided near the first opening 111 and the second opening 112 in the first through hole 11. Liquid 13 is filled between the inner sides of the two thin films 12 in the first through hole 11. The two thin films 12 are used to block both ends of the first through hole 11 to prevent the liquid 13 from flowing out. A part of the position outside the thin film 12 in the first through hole 11 is reserved for placing the conduction block 25.

[0050] One impactor 2 is arranged on one side of the prefabricated rock sample 1 or two impactors 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the prefabricated rock sample 1. The impactor 2 includes an impact pipe 21, an electromagnetic coil 22, an external circuit 23, an impact block 24 and a conduction block 25. The impact pipe 21 has a second through hole 211 arranged horizontally. The diameter of the second through hole 211 is 50 mm. The electromagnetic coil 22 is wound around the second through hole 211 along the extension direction of the second through hole 211. The diameter of the annular pipe of the electromagnetic coil 22 is 50 mm. The external circuit 23 is used to supply alternating current to the electromagnetic coil 22 to generate an alternating magnetic field in the second through hole 211. The second through hole 211 has a third opening 2111 and a fourth opening 2112 arranged oppositely. The fourth opening 2112 and the first opening 111 are arranged corresponding to each other. The impact block 24 is arranged in the second through hole 211 and is at the third opening 2111. A part of the conduction block 25 is arranged in the second through hole 211 and is at the fourth opening 2112 and another part is arranged in the first through hole 11 and is close to the thin film 12 to eliminate air interference. The mass of the impact block 24 is 2 kg. The impact block 24 is a cylindrical steel block. The diameter of the impact block 24 is 49 mm. The diameter of the conduction block 25 is 49 mm. The mass of the conduction block 25 is 2 kg. At the same time, the center of the impact block 24 is aligned with the center of the conduction block 25. The vertical planes of the impact block 24 and the conduction block 25 are guaranteed to be parallel.

[0051] As Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, they are respectively the first-angle schematic diagram and the second-angle schematic diagram of the cracking of the prefabricated rock sample of the present invention. A three-dimensional equivalent simulation device for double-point explosion shock in deep long holes of high-stress rock masses provided in this embodiment, when conducting a single-point explosion shock experiment, one impactor 2 is arranged on one side of the prefabricated rock sample 1, so that the impact block 24 is arranged in the second through hole 211 and at the third opening 2111, and a part of the conduction block 25 is arranged in the second through hole 211 and at the fourth opening 2112, and the other part is arranged in the first through hole 11 and closely attached to the thin film 12. An alternating current is passed through the electromagnetic coil 22 through the external circuit 23 to generate an alternating magnetic field in the second through hole 211. The alternating magnetic field is used to accelerate the impact block 24 to impact the conduction block 25. The conduction block 25 breaks through the thin film 12 to induce a triangular-like impact load on the liquid 13 to cause the prefabricated rock sample 1 to crack, and the experiment ends; two impactors 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the prefabricated rock sample 1. For each impactor 2, the impact block 24 is arranged in the second through hole 211 and at the third opening 2111, and a part of the conduction block 25 is arranged in the second through hole 211 and at the fourth opening 2112, and the other part is arranged in the first through hole 11 and closely attached to the thin film 12. An alternating current is passed through the electromagnetic coil 22 through the external circuit 23 to generate an alternating magnetic field in the second through hole 211. The variable magnetic field is used to accelerate the two impact blocks 24 to impact the two conduction blocks 25. The two conduction blocks 25 respectively break through the two thin films 12 to induce a triangular-like impact load on the liquid 13 to cause the prefabricated rock sample 1 to crack, and the experiment ends.

[0052] This embodiment can effectively simulate the instantaneous loading and rapid attenuation of single-point and double-point pressures in the borehole of the rock, and the three-dimensional explosion load acting uniformly radially along the action point to the arc-shaped borehole wall, propagating and attenuating along the borehole axis. The superimposed influence brought by double-point millisecond initiation can also be considered. At the same time, the liquid 13 is blocked by two layers of thin films 12, and the conduction block 25 is closely attached to the prefabricated rock sample, avoiding the influence of the air cushion and its cavitation on the pressure weakening during vertical impact. An alternating current is passed through the electromagnetic coil 22 through the external circuit 23 to generate an alternating magnetic field in the second through hole 211. The alternating magnetic field has a certain electromagnetic force, and the electromagnetic force is used to launch the impact block 24 and accelerate the impact block 24, so that the impact block 24 impacts the conduction block 25 outside the blocking thin film 12 at a high speed. The conduction block 25 is accelerated from the initial static state, squeezes the thin film 12 and the liquid 13 inside the first through hole 11 and is restricted, and then decelerates and unloads. Thus, a triangular-like impact pressure load corresponding to loading and unloading is excited on the vertical plane of the liquid 13. The pressure wave continuously propagates inward and radially along the first through hole 11 through the liquid 13, equivalently realizing the three-dimensional equivalent simulation of the impact pressure instantaneously generated at the hole mouth, acting on the annular wall of the first through hole 11, and continuously propagating and attenuating along the depth direction of the hole axis of the first through hole 11.

[0053] This embodiment avoids the air cushion layer in the traditional water entry slamming process and its cavitation effect in the hydrodynamic process, can effectively ensure the impact energy transfer efficiency, and the second through-hole 211 and the first through-hole 11 are arranged horizontally, which is convenient for the length extension of the second through-hole 211 and the first through-hole 11, facilitating the study of the stress wave propagation law in the long and deep holes. Moreover, the two orifices can simulate the stress wave propagation and impact cracking mechanism induced by double-point initiation, efficiently utilize the impact energy, and safely, controllably, low-costly, and efficiently and conveniently realize the simulation of single-point and double-point explosion impact experiments in the rock mass holes, with high popularization feasibility and broad application prospects.

[0054] This embodiment has novelty in terms of the impact pressure excitation principle. Different from the "initial velocity - deceleration" process in the prior art where an impact block with an initial velocity directly impacts the liquid 13 surface to induce the slamming pressure, in this embodiment, the conduction block 25 is statically placed near the liquid 13 surface, and the impact block 24 impacts the conduction block with an initial velocity, causing the conduction block 25 to accelerate from zero to impact the liquid 13 and then decelerate due to the restriction of the liquid 13. These two impact processes are significantly different. In the prior art, there is no buffering time at the initial impact, and it reaches the peak very quickly, making it impossible to regulate the leading edge section of the induced triangular load (pressure increasing from zero to the peak). At the same time, the air on the liquid 13 surface before impact is difficult to escape, and there will be a complex impact of the air being impacted into the water to induce the bubble effect on the slamming pressure; while in this embodiment, the pre-impact state is set to zero, and the acceleration process of the conduction block 25 corresponds to the process of the liquid 13 being compressed. The time of the induced triangular pressure leading edge section becomes longer. Under the condition that the impact block 24 has the same energy, the effect of the pressure leading edge section can be adjusted by adjusting the mass, friction, etc. of the conduction block 25, and the pressure curve in this section before the pressure peak can be effectively regulated; and the conduction block 25 is located in front of the liquid 13 and is closely arranged, eliminating the air influence in advance, thus significantly reducing the existence of the bubble effect and enhancing the simplicity and efficiency of the impact pressure excitation.

[0055] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the acceleration distance of the single-stage electromagnetic coil 22 is relatively short, usually only a few centimeters. In order to accelerate to the same speed within a shorter distance, it is necessary to increase the capacity of the capacitor bank and the switching element, which is a huge challenge in actual operation. The present invention can gradually accelerate in each electromagnetic coil 22 by using the multi-stage electromagnetic coil 22, can increase the acceleration distance of the conduction block 25, and the design of the multi-stage electromagnetic coil 22 can optimize the energy conversion efficiency through step-by-step acceleration, reduce energy loss, and thus improve the acceleration effect of the conduction block 25. Specifically, a multi-stage electromagnetic coil 22 is arranged in the second through-hole 211, and each electromagnetic coil 22 is connected to an alternating current through an external circuit 23.

[0056] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in order to fix the impact pipe 21, a base 3 is further included, and the impact pipe 21 is erected on the base 3 through a support column 4.

[0057] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a bracket 6 is further included. The bracket 6 is a cuboid frame structure. The bracket 6 is fixed on the base 3. The precast rock sample 1 is a cuboid structure, and the precast rock sample 1 is clamped in the bracket 6.

[0058] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, in order to apply pressure to the precast rock sample 1 to achieve a high-stress environment for the precast rock sample 1, so that the precast rock sample 1 with the first through hole 11 has a high-stress state within the cross section, a pressure applicator 5 is further included. The width and height of the precast rock sample 1 are respectively smaller than the width and height of the bracket 6. A plurality of pressure applicators 5 are arranged in the bracket 6 to apply pressure to the top and / or side of the precast rock sample 1. Specifically, the pressure applicator 5 at the top is arranged in the bracket 6 to apply pressure to the top of the precast rock sample 1, and the pressure applicator 5 at the side is arranged in the bracket 6 to apply pressure to the side of the precast rock sample 1, so as to apply pressure to the wide and high surfaces of the precast rock sample 1 and achieve high-stress loading with an adjustable lateral pressure coefficient.

[0059] In this embodiment, the liquid 13 is water. In order to facilitate observing the cracking condition of the precast rock sample 1, the liquid 13 can also be a colored liquid 13.

[0060] Specifically, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the pressure applicator 5 includes a pushing seat 51, a pushing rod 52 and a diffusion plate 53. The pushing seat 51 is fixed in the bracket 6. One end of the pushing rod 52 is slidably connected to the pushing seat 51. One end of the diffusion plate 53 is fixed to the other end of the pushing rod 52. The other end of the diffusion plate 53 abuts against the precast rock sample 1. The size of the diffusion plate 53 gradually increases along the direction away from the pushing rod 52.

[0061] The pushing rod 52 is an electric push rod, a hydraulic rod or a pneumatic rod.

[0062] In a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, through a stress loading system, under the action of the two hydraulic rods and the diffusion plate 53, a stress loading of 5 MPa horizontally and 8 MPa vertically is applied to the precast rock sample 1.

[0063] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the cross sections of the second through hole 211 and the first through hole 11 are both circular, and the impact block 24 and the conduction block 25 are both cylindrical structures.

[0064] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-3As shown in the figure, the first through-hole 11 slopes upward at a certain angle in the direction extending from the first opening 111 to the second opening 112. The prefabricated rock sample 1 is provided with a liquid injection hole 14 and an exhaust hole 15. One end of the liquid injection hole 14 is communicated with the first through-hole 11, and the other end is arranged on the surface of the prefabricated rock sample 1 for injecting liquid 13. One end of the exhaust hole 15 is communicated with the first through-hole 11, and the other end is arranged on the surface of the prefabricated rock sample 1 for exhausting gas. The height of one end of the liquid injection hole 14 is lower than the height of one end of the exhaust hole 15. The inclination angle of the first through-hole 11 is 1-2°, so that after the liquid 13 is injected into the first through-hole 11, the bubbles automatically converge to the exhaust hole 15 to exhaust the gas completely. The diameters of both the liquid injection hole 14 and the exhaust hole 15 are about 5 mm.

[0065] In this embodiment, the inclination angle of the second through-hole 211 is 1-2°. Among them, when one impactor 2 is arranged on one side of the prefabricated rock sample 1, the second through-hole 211 slopes upward at a certain angle in the direction extending from the third opening 2111 to the fourth opening 2112 so that the fourth opening 2112 and the first opening 111 are in opposite positions;

[0066] When two impactors 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the prefabricated rock sample 1, the second through-hole 211 on the first side of the prefabricated rock sample 1 slopes upward at a certain angle in the direction extending from the third opening 2111 to the fourth opening 2112 so that the fourth opening 2112 of the second through-hole 211 on the first side and the first opening 111 are in opposite positions, and the second through-hole 211 on the second side of the prefabricated rock sample 1 slopes upward at a certain angle in the direction extending from the fourth opening 2112 to the third opening 2111 so that the fourth opening 2112 of the second through-hole 211 on the second side and the second opening 112 are in opposite positions.

[0067] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, 1 / 3 of the conduction block 25 is arranged in the second through-hole 211 to receive the impact of the impact block 24, and 2 / 3 of the conduction block 25 is arranged in the first through-hole 11 to control the conduction block 25 from deflecting.

[0068] In this embodiment, the impact block 24 is accelerated to 15 m / s by electromagnetic force to transfer the impact energy to the conduction block 25.

[0069] Embodiment 2

[0070] Embodiment 2 provides a three-dimensional equivalent simulation method for double-point explosion impact of long and deep holes in high-stress rock masses. As Figure 7 shown, applied to the above three-dimensional equivalent simulation method for double-point explosion impact of long and deep holes in high-stress rock masses, it includes:

[0071] Step 1: Prepare a prefabricated rock sample 1. A first through hole 11 is opened transversely in the middle of the prefabricated rock sample 1. The first through hole 11 has a first opening 111 and a second opening 112 which are oppositely arranged. Films 12 are arranged near the first opening 111 and the second opening 112 in the first through hole 11, so that a liquid 13 is filled between the inner sides of the two films 12 in the first through hole 11;

[0072] Step 2: Make an impactor 2. The impactor 2 includes an impact pipe 21, an electromagnetic coil 22, an external circuit 23, an impact block 24 and a conduction block 25. A first through hole 11 is opened transversely inside the impact pipe 21. The second through hole 211 has a third opening 2111 and a fourth opening 2112 which are oppositely arranged. The electromagnetic coil 22 is wound around the second through hole 211 along the extending direction of the second through hole 211, so that the external circuit 23 is electrically connected to the electromagnetic coil 22. Determine whether to conduct a single-point explosion experiment simulation or a double-point explosion experiment simulation. If a single-point explosion experiment simulation is to be conducted, jump to Step 3. If a double-point explosion experiment simulation is to be conducted, jump to Step 4;

[0073] Step 3: Arrange 1 impactor 2 on one side of the prefabricated rock sample 1, so that the impact block 24 is arranged in the second through hole 211 and is at the third opening 2111, and a part of the conduction block 25 is arranged in the second through hole 211 and is at the fourth opening 2112, and another part is arranged in the first through hole 11 and is close to the film 12. Pass an alternating current through the electromagnetic coil 22 through the external circuit 23 to generate an alternating magnetic field in the second through hole 211. The alternating magnetic field is used to accelerate the impact block 24 to move and strike the conduction block 25. The conduction block 25 breaks through the film 12 to cause the liquid 13 to induce a triangular-like impact load to crack the prefabricated rock sample 1, and the experiment ends;

[0074] Step 4: Arrange 2 impactors 2 symmetrically on both sides of the prefabricated rock sample 1. For each impactor 2, arrange the impact block 24 in the second through hole 211 and at the third opening 2111, and a part of the conduction block 25 is arranged in the second through hole 211 and at the fourth opening 2112, and another part is arranged in the first through hole 11 and is close to the film 12. Pass an alternating current through the electromagnetic coil 22 through the external circuit 23 to generate an alternating magnetic field in the second through hole 211. The alternating magnetic field is used to accelerate the two impact blocks 24 to move and strike the two conduction blocks 25. The two conduction blocks 25 respectively break through the two films 12 to cause the liquid 13 to induce a triangular-like impact load to crack the prefabricated rock sample 1, and the experiment ends.

[0075] The above embodiments are merely illustrative examples of the technical solutions of the present invention. The methods involved in the present invention are not limited solely to the content described in the above embodiments, but are subject to the scope defined by the claims. Any modifications, supplements, or equivalent replacements made by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains based on this embodiment are within the scope protected by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional equivalent simulation device for long and deep hole double-point explosion impact in high-stress rock mass, characterized in that: include: A prefabricated rock sample has a first through hole arranged transversely in the middle, the first through hole has a first opening and a second opening arranged opposite to each other, a film is arranged near the first opening and the second opening in the first through hole, and the first through hole is filled with liquid between the inner sides of the two films; One impactor is arranged on one side of the prefabricated rock sample or two impactors are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the prefabricated rock sample, the impactor comprises an impact pipe, an electromagnetic coil, an external circuit, an impact block and a conduction block, the impact pipe has a second through hole arranged transversely, the electromagnetic coil is wound in the second through hole along the extension direction of the second through hole, the external circuit is used to pass alternating current to the electromagnetic coil to generate an alternating magnetic field in the second through hole, the second through hole has a third opening and a fourth opening arranged oppositely, the impact block is arranged in the second through hole and is located at the third opening, a part of the conduction block is arranged in the second through hole and is located at the fourth opening and the other part is arranged in the first through hole and is close to the film.

2. The three-dimensional equivalent simulation device for long and deep hole double-point explosion impact of high-stress rock mass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a base, and the impact pipe is erected on the base through support columns.

3. The three-dimensional equivalent simulation device for long and deep hole double-point explosion impact of high-stress rock mass according to claim 2 is characterized in that: It also includes a bracket, which is a rectangular parallelepiped frame structure, and the bracket is fixed on the base. The prefabricated rock sample is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the prefabricated rock sample is clamped in the bracket.

4. The three-dimensional equivalent simulation device for long and deep hole double-point explosion impact of high-stress rock mass according to claim 3 is characterized in that: It also includes a pressurizer, the width and height of the prefabricated rock sample are respectively smaller than the width and height of the support, and a plurality of pressurizers are arranged in the support for pressurizing the top and / or side of the prefabricated rock sample.

5. The three-dimensional equivalent simulation device for long and deep hole double-point explosion impact of high-stress rock mass according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The pressurizer includes a pushing seat, a pushing rod and a diffusion plate, wherein the pushing seat is fixed in the bracket, one end of the pushing rod is slidably connected to the pushing seat, one end of the diffusion plate is fixed to the other end of the pushing rod, and the other end of the diffusion plate abuts against the prefabricated rock sample, and the size of the diffusion plate gradually increases in the direction away from the pushing rod.

6. The three-dimensional equivalent simulation device for long and deep hole double-point explosion impact of high-stress rock mass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cross sections of the second through hole and the first through hole are both circular, and the impact block and the conduction block are both cylindrical structures.

7. The three-dimensional equivalent simulation device for long and deep hole double-point explosion impact of high-stress rock mass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first through hole is inclined upward at a certain angle in the direction extending from the first opening to the second opening. An injection hole and an exhaust hole are provided on the prefabricated rock sample. One end of the injection hole is connected to the first through hole, and the other end is arranged on the surface of the prefabricated rock sample for injecting liquid. One end of the exhaust hole is connected to the first through hole, and the other end is arranged on the surface of the prefabricated rock sample for exhausting gas. The height of one end of the injection hole is lower than the height of one end of the exhaust hole. The inclination angle of the first through hole is 1 to 2°.

8. The three-dimensional equivalent simulation device for long and deep hole double-point explosion impact of high-stress rock mass according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The inclination angle of the second through hole is 1-2°, wherein When an impactor is arranged on one side of the prefabricated rock sample, the second through hole is inclined upward at a certain angle in a direction extending from the third opening to the fourth opening so that the fourth opening is opposite to the first opening; When two impactors are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the prefabricated rock sample, the second through hole on the first side of the prefabricated rock sample is tilted upward at a certain angle in the direction extending from the third opening to the fourth opening so that the fourth opening of the second through hole on the first side is opposite to the first opening, and the second through hole on the second side of the prefabricated rock sample is tilted upward at a certain angle in the direction extending from the fourth opening to the third opening so that the fourth opening of the second through hole on the second side is opposite to the second opening.

9. The three-dimensional equivalent simulation device for long and deep hole double-point explosion impact of high-stress rock mass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A 1 / 3 portion of the conductive block is disposed in the second through hole and a 2 / 3 portion of the conductive block is disposed in the first through hole.

10. A three-dimensional equivalent simulation method for long and deep hole double-point explosion impact in high-stress rock mass, applied to the three-dimensional equivalent simulation method for long and deep hole double-point explosion impact in high-stress rock mass according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: Step 1: prepare a prefabricated rock sample, open a first through hole in the middle of the prefabricated rock sample, the first through hole has a first opening and a second opening arranged opposite to each other, and arrange a film in the first through hole near the first opening and the second opening, so that the first through hole is filled with liquid between the inner sides of the two layers of the film; Step 2: making an impactor, the impactor comprising an impact pipe, an electromagnetic coil, an external circuit, an impact block and a conductive block, opening a first through hole which is arranged transversely inside the impact pipe, the second through hole having a third opening and a fourth opening which are arranged oppositely, winding the electromagnetic coil in the second through hole along the extension direction of the second through hole, making the external circuit electrically connected to the electromagnetic coil, judging whether to perform a single-point explosion experiment simulation or a double-point explosion experiment simulation, if a single-point explosion experiment simulation is performed, jumping to step 3, if a double-point explosion experiment simulation is performed, jumping to step 4; Step 3: an impactor is arranged on one side of the prefabricated rock sample, the impact block is arranged in the second through hole and at the third opening, a part of the conductive block is arranged in the second through hole and at the fourth opening, and the other part is arranged in the first through hole and close to the film, an alternating current is passed through the electromagnetic coil through an external circuit to generate an alternating magnetic field in the second through hole, the alternating magnetic field is used to accelerate the impact block to hit the conductive block, the conductive block breaks through the film, the liquid induces a triangular impact load to crack the prefabricated rock sample, and the experiment is ended; Step 4: Two impactors are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the prefabricated rock sample. For each impactor, the impact block is arranged in the second through hole and at the third opening, a part of the conductive block is arranged in the second through hole and at the fourth opening, and the other part is arranged in the first through hole and close to the film. Alternating current is passed through the electromagnetic coil through an external circuit to generate an alternating magnetic field in the second through hole. The variable magnetic field is used to accelerate the two impact blocks to hit the two conductive blocks. The two conductive blocks break through the two films respectively, so that the liquid induces a triangular impact load to crack the prefabricated rock sample, and the experiment is terminated.

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