Broadband wide-beam millimeter wave magnetoelectric dipole antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a broadband wide-beam millimeter wave magnetoelectric dipole antenna, and belongs to the technical field of radio frequency front-end devices. The antenna mainly structurally comprises an upper-layer dielectric plate, a middle-layer dielectric plate, a lower-layer dielectric plate, a metal radiation through hole, a metal radiation patch, a parasitic unit through hole, a parasitic unit patch, a left feed through hole, a right feed through hole, a metal feed patch, a coaxial line and a metal ground. Wide impedance bandwidth in the range of 18.2-40.3 GHz is realized when the antenna works in a millimeter wave frequency band, the relative bandwidth exceeds 75%, and the antenna has wide beam width performance; the structure is simple and manufacturing is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the design of a broadband wide-beam millimeter-wave magnetoelectric dipole antenna, which is mainly applied to communication systems in the millimeter-wave band and belongs to the field of radio frequency front-end devices. Background Art

[0002] Currently, modern communication technologies are developing rapidly, and the demand for excellent radio frequency antenna devices is increasing continuously. The magnetoelectric dipole antenna, which is developed and constructed based on the complementary radiation theory of electric dipoles and magnetic dipoles, has characteristics such as wide impedance bandwidth, high gain, and low cross-radiation, and has important research value in the fields of microwave communication, wireless navigation, radio remote control, etc. The research on magnetoelectric dipole antennas by scholars has started to develop rapidly and has received extensive attention since 2006. Thanks to the decades of efforts and exploration of the team led by Professor Lu Guiwen in this field, currently, various antenna models with excellent performance have been obtained in the Bluetooth band and millimeter-wave band for magnetoelectric dipole antennas, basically covering technical features such as dual polarization, circular polarization, wide beam, and reconfigurability.

[0003] The current demand for improving the communication capacity and communication rate in communication systems is increasing continuously. Enhancing the bandwidth of antenna elements in communication systems is one way to improve performance. Currently, the impedance bandwidth of widely used magnetoelectric dipoles is close to 50%. How to further improve the impedance bandwidth of magnetoelectric dipoles to meet the requirements of some broadband communication systems is a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This design is based on the structural optimization of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna to expand a three-layer broadband wide-beam millimeter-wave magnetoelectric dipole antenna structure. Due to its characteristics such as wide impedance bandwidth, wide beam width, simple structure, and easy processing, it has important research significance in the fields of millimeter-wave communication systems, etc.

[0005] The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A broadband wide-beam millimeter-wave magnetoelectric dipole antenna includes an upper dielectric plate 28, a middle dielectric plate 29, a lower dielectric plate 30, and a metal ground 31 that are stacked in sequence from top to bottom;

[0007] A metal feed patch, a metal radiation patch, and a parasitic unit patch are provided on the top of the upper dielectric plate; among them, a plurality of metal radiation patches are arranged in a rectangular array at the center of the upper dielectric plate, the metal feed patch is located within the area surrounded by the metal radiation patches, and the parasitic unit patch is located outside the metal radiation patches;

[0008] A connector 32 is provided on the lower surface of the metal ground;

[0009] Metal vias are provided on the metal feed patch, the metal radiation patch, and the parasitic unit patch;

[0010] Among them, the radiation through-hole of the metal radiation patch penetrates through the upper dielectric board 28, the middle dielectric board 29 and the lower dielectric board 30 and is connected to the metal ground;

[0011] The parasitic unit through-hole of the parasitic unit patch penetrates through the upper dielectric board and the lower dielectric board and is separated by the middle dielectric board 29; the top of the parasitic unit through-hole contacts the parasitic unit patch, and the bottom contacts the metal ground 31;

[0012] The feeding through-hole of the metal feeding patch penetrates through the upper dielectric board, the middle dielectric board, the lower dielectric board and the metal ground and is connected to the connector; the feeding through-hole has no contact with the metal ground.

[0013] Furthermore, one metal feeding patch is provided, four metal radiation patches are provided, and eight parasitic unit patches are provided.

[0014] Furthermore, the metal feeding patch is a rectangular metal sheet, and the two wide sides at both ends of the rectangular metal sheet are chamfered arc edges.

[0015] Furthermore, two feeding through-holes are provided, one of which is connected to the connector, and the other penetrates through the upper dielectric board and is connected to the middle dielectric board.

[0016] Furthermore, both the metal radiation patch and the parasitic unit patch are square metal sheets, and one metal through-hole is provided on each square metal sheet.

[0017] Furthermore, the four metal radiation patches are arranged in a rectangular array, and two metal radiation patches are provided on both sides of the metal feeding patch; the eight parasitic unit patches are grouped in pairs and divided into four groups; the two parasitic unit patches in the same group are respectively located outside the metal radiation patch, corresponding to the long side and the wide side of the metal radiation patch.

[0018] Furthermore, the manufacturing materials of the upper dielectric board 28 and the lower dielectric board 30 are Taconic TLY.

[0019] Furthermore, the manufacturing material of the middle dielectric board 29 is Rogers RO4003.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] a) The structure is simple, the manufacturing is convenient, it can be produced by the printed circuit board process, and only two dielectric boards and metal copper are used as the manufacturing materials.

[0022] b) The bandwidth performance has obvious advantages. The antenna structure realizes a wide impedance bandwidth in the range of 18.2 - 40.3 GHz, and the relative impedance bandwidth exceeds 75%, which can meet the millimeter-wave communication system with broadband performance requirements for antenna elements.

[0023] c) The beam width of the radiation pattern of the antenna structure within the operating frequency band is relatively wide. The E-plane beam width exceeds 120 degrees at 20 GHz, exceeds 100 degrees at 28 GHz, and exceeds 120 degrees at 36 GHz.

[0024] d) The antenna structure is compact. The length and width dimensions of the antenna are less than half of the wavelength of the operating frequency, making it suitable for laying out planar antenna arrays. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is the top view of the antenna structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is the front view of the antenna structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is the side view of the antenna structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 is the top view of the antenna structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 is the front view of the antenna structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 is the reflection coefficient curve graph of the antenna structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 is the E-plane and H-plane gain pattern of the antenna structure of the present invention at 20 GHz;

[0032] Figure 8 is the E-plane and H-plane gain pattern of the antenna structure of the present invention at 28 GHz;

[0033] Figure 9 is the E-plane and H-plane gain pattern of the antenna structure of the present invention at 36 GHz; Detailed Embodiments

[0034] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the following further elaborates on the present invention in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0035] A broadband wide-beam millimeter-wave magnetoelectric dipole antenna, the structure of which includes an upper dielectric plate, a middle dielectric plate, a lower dielectric plate, metal radiation vias, metal radiation patches, parasitic unit vias, parasitic unit patches, a left feeding via, a right feeding via, a metal feeding patch, a coaxial cable, and a metal ground. The metal ground is located on the lower surface of the lower dielectric plate; the metal radiation patches, parasitic unit patches, and metal feeding patch structures are fixed on the upper surface of the upper dielectric plate.

[0036] The metal radiation vias pass through the upper dielectric layer, the middle dielectric layer, and the interior of the lower dielectric layer, with their upper surfaces in contact with the metal radiation patches and their lower surfaces in contact with the metal ground structure; the parasitic unit vias pass through the upper dielectric layer and the interior of the lower dielectric layer, are separated by the middle dielectric layer, with their upper surfaces in contact with the parasitic unit patches and their lower surfaces in contact with the metal ground structure; the left feeding via passes through the upper dielectric layer, the middle dielectric layer, and the interior of the lower dielectric layer, with its upper surface in contact with the metal feeding patch and its lower surface connected to the connector. The right feeding via passes through the interior of the upper dielectric layer, with its upper surface in contact with the metal feeding patch;

[0037] There are four metal radiation patches, which are rectangular in shape and have the same size, and are symmetrically distributed along the metal feeding patch;

[0038] There are four metal radiation vias, which are cylindrical in shape and have the same size, and are symmetrically distributed along the left feeding via and the right feeding via;

[0039] There are eight parasitic unit patches, which are rectangular in shape and have the same size, and are symmetrically distributed along the four metal radiation patches;

[0040] There are eight parasitic unit vias, which are cylindrical in shape and have the same size, and are symmetrically distributed along the four metal radiation vias;

[0041] The left feeding via, the right feeding via, and the metal feeding patch form a feeding module.

[0042] The metal radiation vias and the metal radiation patches form a main radiation module.

[0043] The parasitic unit vias and the parasitic unit patches form a parasitic radiation module.

[0044] Furthermore, the manufacturing materials of the upper dielectric layer and the lower dielectric layer are Taconic TLY.

[0045] Furthermore, the manufacturing material of the middle dielectric layer is Rogers RO4003.

[0046] Furthermore, the manufacturing material of the metal ground is copper.

[0047] Furthermore, the materials of the metal radiation patches, the parasitic unit patches, and the metal feeding patch are copper.

[0048] Furthermore, the shape of the metal feeding patch is a figure obtained by rounding the corners of a rectangle, and its position is at the center of the upper surface of the upper dielectric layer.

[0049] Further, the left feed-through via and the right feed-through via are in the shape of a cylinder. The left feed-through via penetrates through the upper dielectric layer, the middle dielectric layer, and the interior of the lower dielectric layer, and the right feed-through via penetrates through the interior of the upper dielectric layer.

[0050] The following is a more specific description:

[0051] Referring to Figures 1 to 5 , this embodiment includes an upper dielectric layer 28, a middle dielectric layer 29, a lower dielectric layer 30, a metal ground 31, metal radiation patches (labeled 8, 9, 10, 11), metal radiation vias (labeled 4, 5, 6, 7), parasitic unit vias (labeled 12, 13, 14, 15, 20, 21, 22, 23), parasitic unit patches (labeled 16, 17, 18, 19, 24, 25, 26, 27), a left feed-through via 2, a right feed-through via 3, a metal feed patch 1, and a connector 32; the metal ground structure 31 is located on the lower surface of the lower dielectric layer 30; the metal radiation patches (labeled 8, 9, 10, 11), the metal feed patch 1, and the parasitic unit patches (labeled 16, 17, 18, 19, 24, 25, 26, 27) are all fixed on the upper surface of the upper dielectric layer 28.

[0052] The metal radiation vias (labeled 4, 5, 6, 7) pass through the interior of the upper dielectric layer 28, the middle dielectric layer 29, and the lower dielectric layer 30. The upper surface contacts the metal radiation patches (labeled 8, 9, 10, 11), and the lower surface contacts the metal ground 31 structure; the parasitic unit vias (labeled 12, 13, 14, 15, 20, 21, 22, 23) pass through the interior of the upper dielectric layer 28 and the lower dielectric layer 30, and are separated by the middle dielectric layer 29. The upper surface contacts the parasitic unit patches (labeled 16, 17, 18, 19, 24, 25, 26, 27), and the lower surface contacts the metal ground 31 structure; the left feed-through via 2 penetrates through the interior of the upper dielectric layer 28, the middle dielectric layer 29, and the lower dielectric layer 30. The upper surface of the left feed-through via 2 contacts the lower surface of the metal ground 31 and is connected to the connector. The right feed-through via 3 penetrates through the interior of the upper dielectric layer 28. The upper surface of the right feed-through via 3 contacts the metal ground 31, and the lower surface is flush with the lower surface of the upper dielectric layer 28.

[0053] Take the Figure 1 , attached Figure 2 antenna structure as an example,

[0054] The left feed-through via 2, the right feed-through via 3, and the metal feed patch 1 together constitute the feeding module of the antenna structure, and the energy signal is input by the feeding structure.

[0055] The metal radiation vias (labeled 4, 5, 6, 7) and the metal radiation patches (labeled 8, 9, 10, 11) form four groups of radiation structures in one-to-one correspondence, jointly constituting the radiation module of the antenna structure, and radiating signals outward from the radiation module. The radiation module is arranged to be symmetrically distributed along the center of the antenna, which is beneficial to the stability of the antenna pattern.

[0056] The parasitic unit vias (labeled 12, 13, 14, 15, 20, 21, 22, 23) and the parasitic unit patches (labeled 16, 17, 18, 19, 24, 25, 26, 27) form eight groups of parasitic structures in one-to-one correspondence, jointly constituting the parasitic radiation module of the antenna structure. The parasitic radiation module couples a part of the energy from the radiation module and radiates signals outward. The parasitic radiation module is arranged to be symmetrically distributed along the center of the antenna, which is beneficial to the stability of the antenna pattern.

[0057] To reduce losses, the material of the metal structure is selected as copper, the upper dielectric layer 28 and the lower dielectric layer 30 are of the Taconic TLY type, and the middle dielectric layer 29 is of the Rogers RO4003 type.

[0058] The size parameters and relative distances of the feeding module, the radiation module, and the parasitic radiation module will have an important impact on the impedance bandwidth of the antenna. The specific manifestations are as follows:

[0059] a) The sizes 47, 48 of the metal radiation patches, the spacing 58, and the size 51 of the metal radiation vias have a great impact on the antenna resonance frequency and impedance bandwidth. Unbalanced sizes and distances will significantly deteriorate the impedance bandwidth performance.

[0060] b) The sizes 35 and the spacing 36 of the left feeding via and the right feeding via will have an obvious impact on the bandwidth of the antenna. When the values are close to the ideal values, the impedance bandwidth gradually expands, and when reaching the ideal values, the relative impedance bandwidth reaches 75%.

[0061] c) The size 28 of the upper dielectric layer and the size 30 of the lower dielectric layer will slightly affect the impedance bandwidth. After exceeding the ideal values, the impedance change is no longer obvious, but it increases the antenna profile height and space occupation.

[0062] d) The spacings 59, 60 of the parasitic unit patches will significantly affect the beam width. When the values increase from 0, the beam width will increase, but it will slightly affect the impedance bandwidth. Therefore, the application requirements should be comprehensively considered to balance the contradiction between the impedance bandwidth and the beam width.

[0063] Therefore, it is of great significance to select appropriate sizes for the metal radiation patches, the metal feeding vias, the spacing between the left feeding via and the right feeding via, and the parasitic unit spacing to improve the performance of this magnetoelectric dipole antenna.

[0064] Select a size combination here for example illustration. The following data unit is micrometer:

[0065] Figure 4 The size of the structure is:

[0066] Structure a = 880; Structure b = 2750; Structure c = 660; Structure d = 660; Structure e = 930; Structure f = 740; Structure g = 440; Structure h = 1260; Structure i = 1660; Structure g = 940; Structure k = 740; Structure l = 440; Structure m = 890; Structure n = 1660; Structure o = 1220; Structure p = 840; Structure q = 330; Structure r = 550; Structure s = 260; Structure t = 280; Structure u = 154; Structure v = 120.

[0067] Figure 5 The size of the structure is:

[0068] Structure w = 860; Structure x = 800; Structure y = 110; Structure z = 1100; Structure aa = 330; Structure ab = 1100.

[0069] The thickness of the metal radiation patch, parasitic element patch, metal feed patch and metal ground is 20;

[0070] The length and width of the upper dielectric layer, middle dielectric layer and lower dielectric layer are both 5000.

[0071] Appendix Figure 6 is the reflection coefficient curve of the antenna structure. The impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 8.2 - 40.3 GHz, and the relative impedance bandwidth exceeds 75%, with the characteristics of a broadband antenna.

[0072] Appendix Figure 7 is the radiation pattern of the antenna structure operating at the low frequency of 20 GHz, where the E-plane beamwidth exceeds 120 degrees, with the characteristics of a wide-beam antenna.

[0073] Appendix Figure 8 is the radiation pattern of the antenna structure operating at the middle frequency of 28 GHz, where the E-plane beamwidth exceeds 100 degrees, with the characteristics of a wide-beam antenna.

[0074] Appendix Figure 9 is the radiation pattern of the antenna structure operating at the high frequency of 36 GHz, where the E-plane beamwidth exceeds 120 degrees, with the characteristics of a wide-beam antenna.

[0075] It should be noted that the above is only a preferred application example of the present invention and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All technical solutions adopted in the form of equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wide bandwidth beam millimeter wave magnetoelectric dipole antenna, comprising an upper dielectric plate (28), a middle dielectric plate (29), a lower dielectric plate (30) and a metal ground (31) stacked in sequence from top to bottom; characterized in that: A metal feed patch, a metal radiation patch and a parasitic unit patch are provided on the top of the upper dielectric plate; wherein a plurality of metal radiation patches are arranged in a rectangular array at the center of the upper dielectric plate, the metal feed patch is located in the area surrounded by the metal radiation patch, and the parasitic unit patch is located at the periphery of the metal radiation patch; A connector (32) is provided on the lower surface of the metal ground; The metal feeding patch, the metal radiation patch and the parasitic unit patch are all provided with metal through holes; The radiation through hole of the metal radiation patch penetrates the upper dielectric plate (28), the middle dielectric plate (29) and the lower dielectric plate (30) and is connected to the metal ground; The parasitic unit through hole of the parasitic unit patch penetrates the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate and is separated by the middle dielectric plate (29); the top of the parasitic unit through hole contacts the parasitic unit patch, and the bottom contacts the metal ground (31); The feeding through hole of the metal feeding patch passes through the upper dielectric plate, the middle dielectric plate, the lower dielectric plate and the metal ground, and is connected to the connector; the feeding through hole has no contact with the metal ground.

2. The wide bandwidth beam millimeter wave magneto-electric dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is one metal feeding patch, four metal radiation patches, and eight parasitic unit patches.

3. The wide bandwidth beam millimeter wave magnetoelectric dipole antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The metal feeding patch is a rectangular metal sheet, and the wide sides at both ends of the rectangular metal sheet are chamfered arc sides.

4. The wide bandwidth beam millimeter wave magneto-electric dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding through holes are provided with two, one of which is connected to the connector, and the other penetrates the upper dielectric board and is connected to the middle dielectric board.

5. The wide bandwidth beam millimeter wave magneto-electric dipole antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The metal radiation patch and the parasitic unit patch are both square metal sheets, and a metal through hole is arranged on each square metal sheet.

6. The wide bandwidth beam millimeter wave magneto-electric dipole antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: Four metal radiation patches are arranged in a rectangular array, with two metal radiation patches on both sides of the metal feed patch; eight parasitic unit patches are grouped in pairs and divided into four groups; the two parasitic unit patches in the same group are respectively located on the outside of the metal radiation patch, corresponding to the long side and the wide side of the metal radiation patch.

7. The wide bandwidth beam millimeter wave magneto-electric dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper dielectric plate (28) and the lower dielectric plate (30) are made of Taconic TLY.

8. The wide bandwidth beam millimeter wave magneto-electric dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle dielectric plate (29) is made of Rogers RO4003.

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