A switch cabinet for intelligent power grid automatic power control and an overload power control method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to a switch cabinet for automatic control of an intelligent power grid and an overload control method thereof, which comprises a cabinet body, a static contact is arranged on a wiring board, a rotary disc is arranged on a wiring block, a switch blade is arranged in the cabinet body, a fuse is arranged on the switch blade, a moving contact is arranged on the other end of the fuse, a separation structure is further arranged on the switch blade, the separation structure can drive the rotary disc to rotate, an induction structure is arranged on the cabinet body, the induction structure comprises a heating resistor connected with a line, the rotary disc and the induction structure are connected through a one-way driving structure, the induction structure can drive the rotary disc to rotate through the one-way driving structure, so that the moving contact is in contact with the static contact or is separated from the static contact, a signal receiver is further arranged in the cabinet body, the state of the line can be monitored in real time through the induction structure, the induction device can monitor the load through resistance heating, the error of the induction value is small, the fluctuation is small, and the line has hysteresis when the line is restored to the pass-through state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a switchgear for automatic power control in a smart grid and its overload control method. Background Technology

[0002] As smart grids develop towards higher density and renewable energy penetration exceeding 30%, switchgear, as a core node in the distribution network, needs to simultaneously meet the requirements of dynamic load management, millisecond-level fault isolation, and digital monitoring throughout the entire equipment lifecycle. Traditional switchgear is no longer sufficient to support the new power system.

[0003] During the manufacturing process, switchgear is designed with a maximum load capacity based on the operating environment to meet usage requirements without wasting resources. However, as the number of electrical devices increases, the load on the switchgear also increases. When the number of electrical devices increases dramatically at a certain point in time, the actual load on the switchgear will exceed the maximum load capacity. Prolonged overload will cause the circuitry in the switchgear to overheat, damaging internal components, significantly reducing the lifespan of the switchgear, and even leading to dangerous situations (such as fires or electrical leaks). Therefore, intelligent switchgear often incorporates overload control devices.

[0004] Common overload control devices include sensors, control systems, circuit breakers, and actuators. Sensors often employ temperature sensors to monitor temperature changes within the switchgear in real time. The control system is set with an overload value (temperature value). When the sensor detects that the load inside the switchgear exceeds the overload value (overload heat causing temperature rise), it sends a signal to the control system. The control system then controls the actuator to activate the circuit breaker, thus tripping the circuit breaker and protecting the switchgear. When the sensor detects a temperature drop inside the switchgear, it sends real-time data, which is then used by the control system to activate the actuator, causing the circuit breaker to close and restore power.

[0005] Under normal circumstances, overload control devices are reliable. However, since overload values ​​are mostly specific values, and the temperature sensed by the sensor has errors and fluctuations, the overload control device may frequently execute the tripping or closing action when the sensor detects that the real-time temperature is near the overload value. (After the tripping action is executed by the tripping or closing action, the sensor value suddenly fluctuates below the overload value, at which point the control system will control the tripping or closing action to execute a large closing action.) This greatly increases the frictional loss between the contacts and poses an electrical risk. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a switchgear for automatic power control in a smart grid and its overload control method, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A smart grid automatic power control switchgear includes a cabinet;

[0009] Multiple sets of insulators are installed inside the cabinet; one end of each insulator is equipped with a terminal block, and the other end is equipped with a terminal block.

[0010] The terminal block is equipped with stationary contacts;

[0011] A fixing rod is installed on the wiring block; a turntable is rotatably installed on the fixing rod; a knife switch is installed inside the cabinet; and the knife switch and the turntable are connected by an overlapping structure.

[0012] A fuse is installed on the switch; a moving contact is installed on the other end of the fuse, which slides and engages with the switch and the stationary contact.

[0013] The switch is also provided with a separation structure, which can drive the turntable to rotate so as to separate the moving contact from the stationary contact;

[0014] The cabinet is equipped with a sensing structure; the sensing structure includes a heating resistor connected to a circuit; the turntable is connected to the sensing structure via a unidirectional drive structure.

[0015] The sensing structure can drive the turntable to rotate through a unidirectional drive structure according to the current change of the circuit inside the cabinet, so that the moving contact and the stationary contact can be contacted or separated by the switch.

[0016] The cabinet is also equipped with a signal transceiver to monitor the equipment status in real time and communicate with the control system.

[0017] As a further aspect of the present invention: the overlapping structure includes a fitting groove formed on the turntable; the guillotine is equipped with a fitting block that can cooperate with the fitting groove.

[0018] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the sensing structure includes an expansion tank mounted on the cabinet; a piston is slidably fitted inside the expansion tank; a top rod is mounted on the piston and slidably fitted with the expansion tank; and multiple sets of exhaust holes are opened at the upper end of the expansion tank.

[0019] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the unidirectional drive structure includes a first connecting rod fixedly connected to the top rod; a first sliding groove is provided on the first connecting rod; a slider is slidably installed in the first sliding groove; a telescopic rod is installed on the slider and slidably engaged with the first connecting rod; a buffer spring is provided in the first connecting rod; the two ends of the buffer spring respectively abut against the telescopic rod and the first connecting rod.

[0020] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the unidirectional drive structure further includes a second connecting rod rotatably mounted on the fixed rod; a second fixed post is mounted on the second connecting rod; a first fixed post is mounted on the wiring block; a tension spring is provided on the second connecting rod; the two ends of the tension spring are respectively connected to the first fixed post and the second fixed post; an arc-shaped sliding groove is provided on the turntable; a protruding post that slides and engages with the arc-shaped sliding groove is mounted on the second connecting rod; a second sliding groove that slides and engages with the slider is provided on the second connecting rod.

[0021] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the separation structure includes a baffle installed inside the switch; a connecting block fixedly connected to the moving contact is slidably fitted inside the switch; a separation spring is provided inside the switch; the two ends of the separation spring respectively abut against the connecting block and the baffle.

[0022] As a further aspect of the present invention, the direction of the spring force of the separation spring is consistent with the tangential direction of the turntable.

[0023] As a further aspect of the present invention: the elastic force of the tension spring is greater than the elastic force of the buffer spring, and less than the elastic force of the release spring.

[0024] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a retaining ring is installed on the switch.

[0025] A power control method for an overloaded switchgear in a smart grid automatic power control system, as described above, includes the following steps;

[0026] Step 1: Use an insulating rod to connect the switch to the turntable via the overlapping structure; push the switch to rotate the turntable so that the moving contact and the stationary contact come into contact; and activate the induction structure and the one-way drive structure so that the switch is in the disengaged working state.

[0027] Step 2: When the switchgear is overloaded due to excessive load: the induction structure will drive the turntable to rotate through the unidirectional drive structure, thereby causing the moving contact to separate from the stationary contact through the switch; when the load returns to normal, the induction structure will drive the moving contact to re-engage with the stationary contact to restore power supply.

[0028] Step 3: When a short circuit causes the switchgear to overload: the separation structure drives the turntable to rotate, so as to separate the moving contact from the stationary contact through the switch knife, while maintaining the working state of the sensing structure;

[0029] Step 4: The signal transmitter monitors the switchgear status in real time and communicates with the control system.

[0030] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are: the induction structure enables real-time monitoring of the circuit status; since the induction device monitors the load through resistance heating, the induction value error is small and the fluctuation is minimal; and through cooperation with the unidirectional drive structure, the energization and de-circuit status of the circuit can be controlled based on the monitoring results. Furthermore, the circuit re-establishment has a hysteresis effect (i.e., the unidirectional drive structure of the induction structure does not drive the turntable while the temperature of the heating resistor is decreasing to the warning value, and only drives the turntable after the temperature drops below the warning value), which avoids frequent energization and de-energization actions when the temperature of the heating resistor is near the dangerous value, thereby improving the service life of the switchgear and the circuit. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a switchgear for automatic power control in a smart grid and its overload power control method, according to one embodiment.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the switchgear for automatic power control in a smart grid and its overload control method in one embodiment.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the terminal block and terminal block structure in one embodiment of a switchgear for automatic power control in a smart grid and its overload power control method.

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram from a cross-sectional perspective.

[0036] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure at point B.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the interlocking slot and interlocking block in one embodiment of the switchgear for automatic power control in a smart grid and its overload power control method.

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the tension spring structure in one embodiment of a switchgear for automatic power control in a smart grid and its overload control method.

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion tank in one embodiment of a switchgear for automatic power control in a smart grid and its overload power control method.

[0040] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the moving contact in one embodiment of a switchgear for automatic power control in a smart grid and its overload power control method.

[0041] Figure 11 for Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure at point C.

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Cabinet;

[0043] 2. Signal transceiver;

[0044] 3. Insulators;

[0045] 4. Terminal block; 401. Stationary contact;

[0046] 5. Wiring block; 501. First fixing post

[0047] 6. Fixing rod;

[0048] 7. Turntable; 701. Fitting groove; 702. Arc-shaped slide groove;

[0049] 8. Interlocking blocks;

[0050] 9. Knife switch; 901. Snap ring; 902. Baffle;

[0051] 10. Moving contact;

[0052] 11. Expansion tank body; 1101. Vent port;

[0053] 12. Heating resistor;

[0054] 13. Piston;

[0055] 14. Top rod;

[0056] 15. First connecting rod; 1501. First slide groove;

[0057] 16. Sliding block; 1601. Telescopic rod;

[0058] 17. Buffer spring;

[0059] 18. Second connecting rod; 1801. Second slide groove; 1802. Protruding post; 1803. Second fixed post;

[0060] 19. Tension spring;

[0061] 20. Connecting block;

[0062] 21. Release spring;

[0063] 22. Fuse. Detailed Implementation

[0064] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] Furthermore, elements in this invention are referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, which may be directly on the other element or may also include an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or may also include an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementations.

[0066] Please see Figures 1-11 In this embodiment of the invention, a smart grid automatic power control switch cabinet includes a cabinet body 1;

[0067] Multiple sets of insulators 3 are installed inside the cabinet 1; one end of each insulator 3 is equipped with a terminal block 4, and the other end is equipped with a terminal block 5.

[0068] A stationary contact 401 is installed on the terminal block 4;

[0069] A fixing rod 6 is installed on the wiring block 5; a turntable 7 is rotatably installed on the fixing rod 6; a knife switch 9 is provided inside the cabinet 1; and the knife switch 9 and the turntable 7 are connected by an overlapping structure.

[0070] A fuse 22 is installed on the switch 9; a moving contact 10 is installed on the other end of the fuse 22, which slides and engages with the switch 9 and cooperates with the stationary contact 401.

[0071] The switch 9 is also provided with a separation structure, which can drive the turntable 7 to rotate so as to separate the moving contact 10 from the stationary contact 401;

[0072] The cabinet 1 is equipped with a sensing structure; the sensing structure includes a heating resistor 12 connected to a circuit; the turntable 7 is connected to the sensing structure via a unidirectional drive structure.

[0073] The sensing structure can drive the turntable 7 to rotate through a unidirectional drive structure according to the current change of the circuit in the cabinet 1, so that the moving contact 10 can contact or separate from the stationary contact 401 through the drive of the switch 9.

[0074] The cabinet 1 is also equipped with a signal transceiver 2 to monitor the status of the switch cabinet in real time and communicate with the control system.

[0075] Taking the embodiment combining all the features described in this application as an example, when in use, the incoming end of the external power grid is connected to the terminal block 4, and the terminal block 5 is connected to the components inside the switch cabinet; when the moving contact 10 comes into contact with the stationary contact 401, the current flows from the terminal block 4 to the fuse 22, and finally to the terminal block 5, thereby making the circuit in a closed state.

[0076] Signal transceiver 2 monitors the status of the switchgear in real time and communicates with the control system.

[0077] After the switch cabinet is installed and tested, the switch 9 is connected to the turntable 7 via an overlapping structure using an insulating rod. The overlapping structure can prevent external interference such as vibration from causing the switch 9 to separate from the turntable 7 and resulting in a circuit break. It can also reduce the difficulty and risk of installation and provide convenience for maintenance and repair.

[0078] Then, the insulating rod is used to push the switch 9, so that the moving contact 10 approaches and contacts the stationary contact 401, and at the same time, the turntable 7 is rotated so that the unidirectional drive structure and the sensing structure are in working state.

[0079] The stationary contact 401 is an elastic conductor and has a groove for engaging with the moving contact 10. As the moving contact 10 approaches the stationary contact 401, it first squeezes the stationary contact 401 to deform it, allowing it to smoothly enter the groove. After the moving contact 10 enters the groove, the spring force of the stationary contact 401 will cause the stationary contact 401 to make close contact with the moving contact 10, thereby avoiding potential electrical hazards such as poor contact.

[0080] When the electrical load on the line connected to the switchgear is too large (according to Ohm's law, the larger the load, the larger the current), the sensing component on the sensing structure is connected to the line, thereby sensing the change in current on the line (the larger the current, the higher the temperature of the heating resistor 12); when the load exceeds the rated load of the switchgear (the temperature of the heating resistor 12 reaches the warning value), the sensing structure triggers the unidirectional drive structure to operate, but at this time the unidirectional drive structure only pushes the turntable 7 to rotate slightly, without completely separating the moving contact 10 and the stationary contact 401; when the load exceeds the maximum load of the switchgear (the temperature of the heating resistor 12 exceeds the danger value), the turntable 7 will drive the switch 9 to rotate, thereby causing the moving contact 10 and the stationary contact 401 to separate instantly, so that the line is in an open circuit state.

[0081] Signal transceiver 2 will upload the data of this process to the control system to remind the user to reduce the number of electrical devices.

[0082] When the circuit is open, the temperature of the heating resistor 12 will gradually decrease. As the temperature of the heating resistor 12 decreases, the sensing structure and the one-way drive structure will gradually reset. When the temperature of the heating resistor 12 decreases from the danger value to the warning value, the turntable 7 will not rotate. When the temperature of the heating resistor 12 decreases below the warning value, the reset action of the sensing structure and the one-way structure will cause the turntable 7 to rotate slowly, thereby causing the switch 9 to rotate, so that the moving contact 10 slowly contacts the stationary contact 401 to restore the circuit to its open state.

[0083] The sensing structure enables real-time monitoring of the circuit status; and through its interaction with the unidirectional drive structure, it can control the energization and de-circuit status of the circuit based on the monitoring results. Furthermore, the circuit re-establishment has a hysteresis effect (i.e., the unidirectional drive structure of the sensing structure does not activate the turntable 7 while the temperature of the heating resistor 12 is decreasing to the warning value; the turntable 7 only activates after the temperature drops below the warning value). This avoids frequent energization and de-energization actions when the temperature of the heating resistor 12 is near a dangerous value, thereby improving the service life of the switchgear and the circuit.

[0084] When a short circuit occurs in the circuit, the switchgear will also be in an overload state. At the moment of the short circuit, fuse 22 will blow, causing the separation mechanism to activate. The activation of the separation mechanism drives the turntable 7 to rotate, causing the moving contact 10 to separate from the stationary contact 401 instantly. This reduces the loss between the moving contact 10 and the stationary contact 401. Furthermore, the clearly separated moving contact 10 and stationary contact 401 make it easier for maintenance personnel to identify the short circuit and improve maintenance efficiency.

[0085] Furthermore, due to the unidirectional drive structure, when the separation structure drives the turntable 7 to rotate, the separation speed between the moving contact 10 and the stationary contact 401 will not be reduced due to the resistance of the sensing structure, thereby improving the corresponding efficiency after the fuse 22 blows and avoiding the expansion of losses.

[0086] In another embodiment of the present invention, the overlapping structure includes a fitting groove 701 formed on the turntable 7; and a fitting block 8 that can cooperate with the fitting groove 701 is installed on the knife gate 9.

[0087] Taking the embodiment combining all the features described in this application as an example, during use, the insulating rod drives the switch 9 to approach the turntable 7 and embeds the fitting block 8 into the fitting groove 701; then the groove wall of the fitting groove 701 will abut against the fitting block 8, thereby achieving a stable connection between the switch 9 and the turntable 7.

[0088] The overlapping structure can prevent external interference such as vibration from causing the switch 9 to separate from the turntable 7 and thus disconnecting the circuit. It can also reduce the difficulty and risk of installation and provide convenience for maintenance and repair.

[0089] In another embodiment of the present invention, the sensing structure includes an expansion tank 11 mounted on the cabinet 1; a piston 13 is slidably fitted inside the expansion tank 11; a top rod 14 is mounted on the piston 13 and slidably fitted with the expansion tank 11; and multiple sets of exhaust holes 1101 are provided at the upper end of the expansion tank 11.

[0090] Taking the embodiment combining all the features described in this application as an example, when in use, the greater the current in the circuit, the higher the temperature of the heating resistor 12, and the expansion tank 11 contains a medium that expands due to heat.

[0091] As the circuit current increases, the temperature of the heating resistor 12 also rises, causing the medium to gradually expand. This pushes the piston 13 to move away from the heating resistor 12, and simultaneously moves the push rod 14. The vent 1101 reduces the resistance to the movement of the piston 13, preventing the medium from being hindered by thermal expansion.

[0092] As the temperature of the heating resistor 12 rises to the warning value, the push rod 14 will drive the unidirectional drive structure to move, but it cannot drive the turntable 7 to rotate. This avoids electrical hazards such as poor contact at the contact point caused by frequent friction between the moving contact 10 and the stationary contact 401.

[0093] When the temperature of the heating resistor 12 exceeds the danger value, the unidirectional drive structure will drive the turntable 7 to rotate, and cause the moving contact 10 to quickly separate from the stationary contact 401, so that the circuit is in an open circuit state.

[0094] After the circuit is broken, the temperature of the heating resistor 12 gradually decreases, and the medium gradually recovers and contracts, thereby driving the piston 13 to move towards the heating resistor 12.

[0095] The sensing structure enables real-time monitoring of the circuit status; and through its interaction with the unidirectional drive structure, it can control the energization and de-circuit status of the circuit based on the monitoring results. Furthermore, the circuit re-establishment has a hysteresis effect (i.e., the unidirectional drive structure of the sensing structure does not activate the turntable 7 while the temperature of the heating resistor 12 is decreasing to the warning value; the turntable 7 only activates after the temperature drops below the warning value). This avoids frequent energization and de-energization actions when the temperature of the heating resistor 12 is near a dangerous value, thereby improving the service life of the switchgear and the circuit.

[0096] In another embodiment of the present invention, the unidirectional drive structure includes a first connecting rod 15 fixedly connected to the top rod 14; a first sliding groove 1501 is provided on the first connecting rod 15; a slider 16 is slidably installed in the first sliding groove 1501; a telescopic rod 1601 is installed on the slider 16 and slidably engaged with the first connecting rod 15; a buffer spring 17 is provided in the first connecting rod 15; the two ends of the buffer spring 17 respectively abut against the telescopic rod 1601 and the first connecting rod 15.

[0097] In another embodiment of the present invention, the unidirectional drive structure further includes a second connecting rod 18 rotatably mounted on the fixed rod 6; a second fixed post 1803 is mounted on the second connecting rod 18; a first fixed post 501 is mounted on the wiring block 5; a tension spring 19 is provided on the second connecting rod 18; the two ends of the tension spring 19 are respectively connected to the first fixed post 501 and the second fixed post 1803; an arc-shaped sliding groove 702 is provided on the turntable 7; a protruding post 1802 that slides and engages with the arc-shaped sliding groove 702 is mounted on the second connecting rod 18; and a second sliding groove 1801 that slides and engages with the slider 16 is provided on the second connecting rod 18.

[0098] Taking the embodiment combining all the features described in this application as an example, when in use, when the second fixing post 1803 is located on the extension line of the line connecting the first fixing post 501 and the fixing rod 6, the second connecting rod 18 is in a state of force balance (the fixing rod 6 is located in the direction of the tension of the tension spring 19); the position of the second connecting rod 18 will remain unchanged in the absence of external interference.

[0099] After the moving contact 10 and the stationary contact 401 come into close contact, the second connecting rod 18 is in a state of non-force equilibrium. The elastic force of the tension spring 19 will cause the second connecting rod 18 to tend to rotate towards the push rod 14. The slider 16 is located at the lower end of the first slide groove 1501 and at the end of the second slide groove 1801 away from the second fixed post 1803; the protruding post 1802 is located at one end of the arc-shaped slide groove 702.

[0100] The process of the temperature of heating resistor 12 rising to the warning value:

[0101] As the push rod 14 moves away from the heating resistor 12, it drives the first connecting rod 15 to move synchronously, compressing the buffer spring 17. The spring force of the buffer spring 17 then drives the slider 16 to move. The slider 16 drives the second connecting rod 18 to rotate away from the push rod 14, and the slider 16 slides to the other end in the second groove 1801.

[0102] When the second link 18 rotates, it will drive the protruding post 1802 to rotate synchronously, so that the protruding post 1802 slides to the other end in the arc-shaped slide groove 702.

[0103] The extension and contraction of the tension spring 19 will gradually increase, that is, the elastic force will gradually increase. During this process, the second link 18 is still in a state of non-force equilibrium.

[0104] The temperature of heating resistor 12 has reached the warning value:

[0105] The protruding column 1802 slides until it abuts against the other end of the arc-shaped groove 702.

[0106] The temperature of heating resistor 12 is between the warning value and the danger value:

[0107] The push rod 14 continues to rise, causing the second connecting rod 18 to rotate, which in turn drives the turntable 7 to rotate, thereby driving the knife switch 9 to rotate; and because the speed and angle of the second connecting rod 18 rotation are small, the moving contact 10 and the stationary contact 401 remain in close contact under the action of the elastic force of the stationary contact 401.

[0108] Temperature danger value of heating resistor 12:

[0109] The second link 18 rotates to a balanced state.

[0110] The temperature of heating resistor 12 has exceeded the dangerous value:

[0111] The push rod 14 continues to drive the second link 18 to rotate, thereby breaking the balance of the second link 18. The elastic force of the tension spring 19 will drive the second link 18 to rotate rapidly away from the push rod 14, thereby driving the turntable 7 to rotate synchronously, thereby causing the moving contact 10 to quickly separate from the stationary contact 401. At this time, the slider 16 will slide in the second slide groove 1801 and slide upward in the first slide groove 1501, thereby driving the telescopic rod 1601 to slide outward on the first link 15, thus reducing the compression of the buffer spring 17.

[0112] The temperature of heating resistor 12 dropped to a dangerous level.

[0113] The piston 13 arcs to drive the push rod 14 to move closer to the synchronous heating resistor 12, thereby driving the first connecting rod 15 to move downward. This causes the slider 16 to drive the second connecting rod 18 to rotate towards the push rod 14, so that the protruding post 1802 slides in the arc-shaped groove 702 in the opposite direction until it abuts against one end of the arc-shaped groove 702. Meanwhile, the slider 16 slides away from the second fixed post 1803 in the second groove 1801. During this process, the turntable 7 does not rotate, and the second connecting rod 18 is in an unbalanced state (with a tendency to rotate away from the push rod 14).

[0114] The temperature of heating resistor 12 decreased from the dangerous value to the warning value:

[0115] The first link 15 drives the second link 18 to rotate to the equilibrium position, and the turntable 7 rotates, thereby causing the switch 9 to rotate closer to the terminal block 4.

[0116] The temperature of heating resistor 12 dropped below the warning value.

[0117] The first link 15 drives the second link 18 to rotate, thereby breaking the balance of the second link 18. Under the elastic force of the tension spring 19, the second link 18 rotates towards the push rod 14, thereby driving the switch 9 to rotate towards the terminal block 4.

[0118] During this process, the second link 18 will drive the slider 16 to slide downward in the first slide groove 1501, thereby driving the telescopic rod 1601 to slide inward in the first link 15, compressing the buffer spring 17. The elastic force of the buffer spring 17 will counteract the sliding speed of the slider 16 and reduce the speed at which the moving contact 10 and the stationary contact 401 collide.

[0119] After the moving contact 10 comes into contact with the stationary contact 401, the piston 13 continues to move (until the temperature of the heating resistor 12 drops to its initial value); during this process, the first connecting rod 15 continues to move, while the second connecting rod 18 remains in place under the elastic force of the buffer spring 17, and the compression of the buffer spring 17 gradually decreases.

[0120] The sensing structure enables real-time monitoring of the circuit status; and through its interaction with the unidirectional drive structure, it can control the energization and de-circuit status of the circuit based on the monitoring results. Furthermore, the circuit re-establishment has a hysteresis effect (i.e., the unidirectional drive structure of the sensing structure does not activate the turntable 7 while the temperature of the heating resistor 12 is decreasing to the warning value; the turntable 7 only activates after the temperature drops below the warning value). This avoids frequent energization and de-energization actions when the temperature of the heating resistor 12 is near a dangerous value, thereby improving the service life of the switchgear and the circuit.

[0121] In another embodiment of the present invention, the separation structure includes a baffle 902 installed inside the switch 9; a connecting block 20 that is fixedly connected to the moving contact 10 is slidably fitted inside the switch 9; a separation spring 21 is provided inside the switch 9; and the two ends of the separation spring 21 abut against the connecting block 20 and the baffle 902, respectively.

[0122] Taking the embodiment combining all the features described in this application as an example, when in use, when a short circuit occurs in the circuit, the fuse 22 will melt instantly to disconnect the circuit.

[0123] In the initial state, the release spring 21 is in a compressed state. Under the action of the release spring 21, the fuse 22 is in a taut state, and the position of the moving contact 10 remains unchanged through the fuse 22.

[0124] When the tension of the fuse 22 is released, the elastic force of the release spring 21 will cause the moving connecting block 20 to move away from the baffle 902, thereby causing the moving contact 10 to press the stationary contact 401.

[0125] The force exerted by the moving contact 10 on the stationary contact 401 will act on the turntable 7, thereby causing the turntable 7 to rotate, which in turn causes the knife switch 9 and the second connecting rod 18 to rotate.

[0126] When the second link 18 rotates past the equilibrium position, the elastic force of the tension spring 19 will cause the protruding post 1802 to slide in the arc-shaped groove 702 to the other end, and then drive the turntable 7 to rotate, thereby driving the knife switch 9 to rotate, so as to drive the moving contact 10 to quickly separate from the stationary contact 401.

[0127] Throughout the process, the slider 16 slides in the first groove 1501, and the first connecting rod 15 moves.

[0128] Furthermore, due to the unidirectional drive structure, when the separation structure drives the turntable 7 to rotate, the separation speed between the moving contact 10 and the stationary contact 401 will not be reduced due to the resistance of the sensing structure, thereby improving the corresponding efficiency after the fuse 22 blows and avoiding the expansion of losses.

[0129] In another embodiment of the present invention, the direction of the spring force of the separation spring 21 is consistent with the tangential direction of the turntable 7.

[0130] Taking the embodiment combining all the features described in this application as an example, when in use, the direction of the spring force of the separation spring 21 is tangent to the turntable 7, which reduces the resistance to the rotation of the turntable 7 by the spring force, ensuring that the turntable 7 can rotate, and avoiding the inability of the moving contact 10 and the stationary contact 401 to separate, thereby causing the loss to increase.

[0131] In another embodiment of the present invention, the elastic force of the tension spring 19 is greater than the elastic force of the buffer spring 17, and less than the elastic force of the release spring 21.

[0132] Taking the embodiment combining all the features described in this application as an example, when in use, the elastic force of the separation spring 21 is greater than the elastic force of the tension spring 19, so that the separation structure can drive the turntable 7 to rotate.

[0133] The tension spring 19 has a greater elastic force than the buffer spring 17, which ensures that the elastic force of the buffer spring 17 will not affect the stable contact between the moving contact 10 and the stationary contact 401.

[0134] In another embodiment of the present invention, a retaining ring 901 is installed on the gate 9.

[0135] Taking the embodiment combining all the features described in this application as an example, when in use, the retaining ring 901 can reduce the difficulty of installing the switch 9, and improve the efficiency and safety of installation.

[0136] A power control method for an overloaded switchgear in a smart grid automatic power control system, as described above, includes the following steps;

[0137] Step 1: Connect the switch 9 and the turntable 7 using an insulating rod via an overlapping structure; push the switch 9 to rotate the turntable 7 so that the moving contact 10 and the stationary contact 401 come into contact; and activate the sensing structure and the one-way drive structure so that the switch 9 is in a disengaged working state.

[0138] Step 2: When the switchgear is overloaded due to excessive load: the induction structure will drive the turntable 7 to rotate through the unidirectional drive structure, thereby causing the moving contact 10 to separate from the stationary contact 401 through the switch 9; when the load returns to normal, the induction structure will drive the moving contact 10 to re-engage with the stationary contact 401 to restore power supply.

[0139] Step 3: When a short circuit causes the switchgear to overload: the separation structure drives the turntable 7 to rotate, so as to drive the moving contact 10 to separate from the stationary contact 401 through the switch 9, while maintaining the working state of the sensing structure;

[0140] Step 4: Signal transceiver 2 monitors the switch cabinet status in real time and communicates with the control system.

[0141] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0142] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A switch cabinet for automatic power control in a smart grid, comprising a cabinet (1); Its features are, Multiple sets of insulators (3) are installed inside the cabinet (1); a terminal block (4) is installed at one end of the insulator (3) and a terminal block (5) is installed at the other end; A stationary contact (401) is installed on the terminal block (4). A fixing rod (6) is installed on the wiring block (5); a turntable (7) is rotatably installed on the fixing rod (6); a knife switch (9) is provided inside the cabinet (1); and the knife switch (9) and the turntable (7) are connected by an overlapping structure. A fuse (22) is installed on the switch (9); a moving contact (10) is installed on the other end of the fuse (22) and slides into the switch (9) and cooperates with the stationary contact (401). The guillotine (9) is also provided with a separation structure, which can drive the turntable (7) to rotate so as to separate the moving contact (10) from the stationary contact (401); The cabinet (1) is provided with an induction structure; the induction structure includes a heating resistor (12) connected to the circuit; the turntable (7) is connected to the induction structure through a unidirectional drive structure; The sensing structure can drive the turntable (7) to rotate through a unidirectional drive structure according to the current change of the circuit in the cabinet (1), so that the moving contact (10) can contact or separate from the stationary contact (401) through the drive of the switch (9); The cabinet (1) is also equipped with a signal transceiver (2) to monitor the equipment status in real time and communicate with the control system. The sensing structure includes an expansion tank (11) installed on the cabinet (1); a piston (13) is slidably fitted inside the expansion tank (11); a top rod (14) is installed on the piston (13) and slidably fitted with the expansion tank (11); multiple sets of exhaust holes (1101) are opened at the upper end of the expansion tank (11). The unidirectional drive structure includes a first connecting rod (15) fixedly connected to the top rod (14); a first sliding groove (1501) is provided on the first connecting rod (15); a slider (16) is slidably installed in the first sliding groove (1501); a telescopic rod (1601) is installed on the slider (16) and slidably engaged with the first connecting rod (15); a buffer spring (17) is provided in the first connecting rod (15); the two ends of the buffer spring (17) respectively abut against the telescopic rod (1601) and the first connecting rod (15); The unidirectional drive structure further includes a second connecting rod (18) rotatably mounted on the fixed rod (6); a second fixed post (1803) is mounted on the second connecting rod (18); a first fixed post (501) is mounted on the wiring block (5); a tension spring (19) is provided on the second connecting rod (18); the two ends of the tension spring (19) are respectively connected to the first fixed post (501) and the second fixed post (1803); an arc-shaped sliding groove (702) is provided on the turntable (7); a protruding post (1802) is mounted on the second connecting rod (18) and slides into the arc-shaped sliding groove (702); a second sliding groove (1801) is provided on the second connecting rod (18) and slides into the slider (16).

2. The switchgear for automatic power control in a smart grid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overlapping structure includes a fitting groove (701) formed on the turntable (7); the knife gate (9) is equipped with a fitting block (8) that can cooperate with the fitting groove (701).

3. The switchgear for automatic power control in a smart grid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separation structure includes a baffle (902) installed inside the switch (9); a connecting block (20) fixedly connected to the moving contact (10) is slidably fitted inside the switch (9); a separation spring (21) is provided inside the switch (9); the two ends of the separation spring (21) abut against the connecting block (20) and the baffle (902) respectively.

4. A smart grid automatic power control switchgear according to claim 3, characterized in that, The direction of the spring force of the separation spring (21) is consistent with the tangential direction of the turntable (7).

5. A smart grid automatic power control switchgear according to claim 4, characterized in that, The tension spring (19) has a greater elastic force than the buffer spring (17) and a smaller elastic force than the release spring (21).

6. A switchgear for automatic power control in a smart grid according to claim 1, characterized in that, A retaining ring (901) is installed on the guillotine (9).

7. A power control method for an overloaded switchgear in a smart grid automatic power control system as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps; Step 1: Use an insulating rod to connect the switch (9) and the turntable (7) through the overlapping structure; and push the switch (9) to drive the turntable (7) to rotate so that the moving contact (10) and the stationary contact (401) come into contact; and drive the sensing structure and the one-way drive structure to move so that the switch (9) is in the disengaged working state; Step 2: When the switch cabinet is overloaded due to excessive load: the induction structure will drive the turntable (7) to rotate through the unidirectional drive structure, thereby driving the moving contact (10) to separate from the stationary contact (401) through the switch (9); when the load returns to normal, the induction structure will drive the moving contact (10) to contact the stationary contact (401) again to restore power supply. Step 3: When a short circuit causes the switch cabinet to overload: the separation structure drives the turntable (7) to rotate, so as to drive the moving contact (10) to separate from the stationary contact (401) through the switch (9), and maintain the working state of the sensing structure; Step 4: Signal receiver (2) monitors the status of the switch cabinet in real time and communicates with the control system.

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