Photovoltaic module positioning and information transmission circuit

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic integrated circuits, in particular to a photovoltaic module positioning and information transmission circuit which can be matched with a photovoltaic bypass circuit to report the state of a photovoltaic module under the condition that the number of discrete components is extremely limited. And meanwhile, the reliability of the photovoltaic system is improved, and digital and intelligent management of the solar cell panel is realized. In addition, according to the technical scheme, extra external power supply and high-voltage isolation are not needed, power can be taken from a photovoltaic system, and meanwhile, a self-floating power ground is provided. Finally, the technical scheme can be suitable for various photovoltaic bypass circuit schemes consisting of a Schottky diode, an MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) and a universal control chip and consisting of an MOSFET and a photovoltaic bypass control chip, and has better universality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic integrated circuits, and particularly to a positioning and information transmission circuit for photovoltaic modules. Background Art

[0002] ‌The hot spot effect of a solar cell photovoltaic panel refers to the situation in a photovoltaic module where, due to partial shading or damage of some solar cells, these solar cells become loads in the circuit, consuming the energy generated by other normally operating solar cells. This energy consumption is manifested as heat, causing the local temperature of the shaded or damaged solar cells to rise, forming a so-called "hot spot". The high temperature generated by the hot spot will accelerate the aging process of the photovoltaic module, reducing the power generation efficiency of the module or even causing it to completely fail. The long-term high temperature effect will damage the encapsulation material of the photovoltaic module, resulting in a decline in the sealing performance of the module and further exacerbating the aging of the module. Most seriously, the hot spot effect may trigger safety accidents such as fires, causing devastating damage to the photovoltaic power station. Due to the reduction in power generation efficiency and shortening of the lifespan of the module caused by the hot spot, the operating cost of the photovoltaic power station will increase and the revenue will decrease. However, the current methods mainly rely on manual inspections, drone inspections, etc., resulting in a long interval time from the occurrence of a fault in the photovoltaic module to the control center taking protective measures, with great potential hazards; the operation and maintenance cost is high. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention proposes a positioning and information transmission circuit for photovoltaic modules to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above object, a positioning and information transmission circuit for photovoltaic modules is provided, including: a power taking and storing module, a voltage stabilizing module, a timing module, a signal sending module, and a driving module; wherein, the power taking and storing module is connected to the positive terminal of the solar cell and the voltage stabilizing module, the voltage stabilizing module is respectively connected to the timing module, the signal sending module, and the driving module, the timing module is connected to the signal sending module, the driving module is connected to the gate control terminal of the power MOSFET switch, the input terminal of the power taking and storing module is connected to the positive terminal of the external solar cell, the output terminal of the driving module is connected to the gate of the external power MOSFET switch group, the power MOSFET switch group is composed of two power N-type MOSFETs, the gates of the two N-type MOSFETs are connected, and at the same time, the sources of the two N-type MOSFETs are connected, and the drains of the two N-type MOSFETs are respectively connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the solar cell.

[0005] Preferably, the power taking and storing module realizes unidirectional charge taking from the solar cell photovoltaic panel and storing it in its own storage device, and the power taking and storing module is composed of a diode and a capacitor.

[0006] Preferably, the voltage stabilizing module takes the power-taking and power-storing module as the power supply input source. After voltage stabilization processing, it supplies voltage to the timing module, signal sending module, and driving module. The output end of the voltage stabilizing module is connected to the input ends of the timing module, the driving module, and the signal sending module, and the output voltage of the voltage stabilizing module is 5V - 24V.

[0007] Preferably, the timing module provides a reference clock for the signal sending module, so as to realize sending information corresponding to the solar cell regularly at a certain time. The output of the timing module is connected to the signal sending module, and the timing period of the timing module is 10 minutes - 12 hours.

[0008] Preferably, the signal sending module is used to output digital signals. The digital signals include the status and number of the solar cell. One frame of the digital signals output by the signal sending module is 16 bytes - 128 bytes. The driving module is used to transmit the digital signals output by the signal sending module to the external power MOSFET switch. The output end of the driving module is connected to the gate of the external power MOSFET switch, so that the digital signals can be uploaded to the receiving end of the photovoltaic system.

[0009] Preferably, the input end of the power-taking and power-storing module is connected to the positive end of the external solar cell. The output end of the driving module is connected to the gate of the external power MOSFET switch. The source of the power MOSFET switch is connected to the negative end of the solar cell. The drain of the power MOSFET switch is connected to the cathode of the anti-backflow diode, and the anode of the anti-backflow diode is connected to the positive end of the solar cell.

[0010] Preferably, the photovoltaic module positioning and information transmission circuit is used in cooperation with the Schottky diode type photovoltaic bypass circuit. The cathode of the Schottky diode type photovoltaic bypass circuit is connected to the positive end of the solar cell. The anode of the Schottky diode type photovoltaic bypass circuit is connected to the negative end of the solar cell. The output end of the driving module is connected to the gate of the external power MOSFET switch. The source of the power MOSFET switch is connected to the negative end of the solar cell. The drain of the power MOSFET switch is connected to the cathode of the anti-backflow diode, and the anode of the anti-backflow diode is connected to the positive end of the solar cell.

[0011] Preferably, the photovoltaic module positioning and information transmission circuit is used in cooperation with a Schottky diode type photovoltaic bypass circuit. The cathode of the Schottky diode type photovoltaic bypass circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the solar cell, and the anode of the Schottky diode type photovoltaic bypass circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the solar cell. The output terminal of the drive module is connected to the gate of an external power MOSFET switch group. The power MOSFET switch group is composed of two power N-type MOSFETs. The gates of the two N-type MOSFETs are connected, and at the same time, the sources of the two N-type MOSFETs are connected. The drains of the two N-type MOSFETs are respectively connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the solar cell.

[0012] Preferably, the photovoltaic module positioning and information transmission circuit is used in cooperation with a photovoltaic bypass control chip. The output terminal of the photovoltaic bypass control chip is connected to the gate of the power switch of the photovoltaic bypass circuit. The input terminal of the power taking and energy storage module is connected to the positive terminal of an external solar cell. The output terminal of the drive module is connected to the gate of the power switch of the photovoltaic bypass circuit. The source of the power switch of the photovoltaic bypass circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the solar cell, and the drain of the power switch of the photovoltaic bypass circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the solar cell.

[0013] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The photovoltaic module positioning and information transmission circuit proposed by the present invention, by setting up a power taking and energy storage module, does not require additional external power supply and high voltage isolation, can obtain power from the photovoltaic system, and at the same time has a self-floating power ground. At the same time, the output terminal of the drive module is connected to the gate of an external power MOSFET switch group. The power MOSFET switch group is composed of two power N-type MOSFETs, making this technical solution applicable to various photovoltaic bypass circuit solutions composed of Schottky diodes, MOSFETs and general control chips, and MOSFETs and photovoltaic bypass control chips (such as ideal diodes), and has good versatility. Description of the Drawings

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the present invention or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a connection relationship diagram of each component of the present invention and the connections between them; Figure 2 It is a circuit schematic diagram for implementing the photovoltaic module positioning and information transmission function using the present invention; Figure 3 This is the second circuit schematic diagram for implementing the positioning and information transmission functions of photovoltaic modules using the present invention; Figure 4 This is a circuit schematic diagram for implementing the positioning and information transmission functions of photovoltaic modules in cooperation with a Schottky diode type photovoltaic bypass circuit; Figure 5 This is the second circuit schematic diagram for implementing the positioning and information transmission functions of photovoltaic modules in cooperation with a Schottky diode type photovoltaic bypass circuit; Figure 6 This is a circuit schematic diagram for implementing the positioning and information transmission functions of photovoltaic modules in cooperation with a photovoltaic bypass circuit using a photovoltaic bypass control chip. Specific Embodiments

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0017] Embodiment 1, as shown in the attached Figure 1 figure, shows a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module positioning and information transmission circuit. As shown in the attached Figure 1 figure, the photovoltaic module positioning and information transmission circuit includes: a power extraction and energy storage module 1, a voltage stabilization module 2, a timing module 3, a signal transmission module 4, and a driving module 5. Among them, the power extraction and energy storage module 1 is connected to the positive terminal of the solar cell and the voltage stabilization module 2. The voltage stabilization module 2 is respectively connected to the timing module 3, the signal transmission module 4, and the driving module 5. The timing module 3 is connected to the signal transmission module 4. The driving module is connected to the gate control terminal of the power MOSFET switch; The power extraction and energy storage module 1 realizes unidirectional charge extraction from the photovoltaic panel of the solar cell and stores it in its own energy storage device to supply power to the chip itself. The input of the power extraction and energy storage module 1 is connected to the positive terminal of the solar cell photovoltaic panel, and the output of the power extraction and energy storage module 1 is connected to the input terminal of the voltage stabilization module 2. In a specific embodiment, the power extraction and energy storage module 1 is composed of a diode and a capacitor. The anode of the diode is the input of the power extraction and energy storage module 1 and is connected to the positive terminal of the solar cell photovoltaic panel. The cathode of the diode is connected to the positive plate of the capacitor. The positive plate of the capacitor is the output of the power extraction and energy storage module and is connected to the input of the voltage stabilization module 2. The negative plate of the capacitor is connected to the negative terminal of the solar cell.

[0018] The voltage stabilization module 2 takes the power supply and energy storage module as the power supply input source. After voltage stabilization processing, it supplies voltage to the timing module 3, the signal sending module 4, and the driving module 5. The output end of the voltage stabilization module 2 is connected to the input ends of the timing module 3, the driving module 5, and the signal sending module 4. In a specific implementation, the output voltage of the voltage stabilization module 2 is 5V - 24V, preferably 6V.

[0019] The timing module 3 provides a reference clock for the signal sending module 4, so as to realize the regular sending of information corresponding to the solar cell at a certain time. The output of the timing module 3 is connected to the signal sending module 4. In a specific embodiment, the timing period of the timing module is 10 minutes - 12 hours, preferably 2 hours.

[0020] The signal sending module 4 is used to output digital signals, and the digital signals include information such as the state and number of the solar cell. In this embodiment, one frame of the digital signal output by the signal sending module 4 is 16 bytes - 128 bytes, preferably 32 bytes. The digital signal output by the signal sending module 4 is received by the upper-level receiving end through the voltage at the positive end of the solar cell, the voltage difference between the positive and negative ends of the solar cell, or the current pulse on the bus.

[0021] The driving module 5 is used to transmit the digital signal output by the signal sending module 4 to the external power MOSFET switch with stronger driving ability. The output end of the driving module is connected to the gate of the external power MOSFET switch, so that the digital signal can be uploaded to the receiving end of a higher-level photovoltaic system. In a specific implementation, the digital signal output by the signal sending module 4 is a square-wave pulse digital signal reflecting the voltage difference between the positive and negative ends of the solar cell. Through the driving transmission of the driving module 5, it is collected by the voltage monitor located at the sub-module of the photovoltaic system. Then, the digital signal is processed by a general-purpose micro-control unit or further sent and transmitted by other communication modules.

[0022] Appendix Figure 2 is a circuit schematic diagram for implementing the functions of photovoltaic module positioning and information transmission using the present invention. As shown in Appendix Figure 2 As shown, the input end of the power supply and energy storage module 1 is connected to the positive end 9 - 1 of the external solar cell. The output end of the driving module is connected to the gate of the external power MOSFET switch 7. The source of the power MOSFET switch 7 is connected to the negative end 9 - 2 of the solar cell. The drain of the power MOSFET switch 7 is connected to the cathode of the anti-backflow diode 8. The anode of the anti-backflow diode 8 is connected to the positive end 9 - 1 of the solar cell. Together with the external anti-backflow diode and the power MOSFET switch 7, the present invention realizes the functions of photovoltaic module positioning and information transmission.

[0023] Appendix Figure 3 is the second circuit schematic diagram for implementing the photovoltaic module positioning and information transmission functions using the present invention. As shown in the appendix Figure 3 shown, the input end of the power-taking and power-storing module 1 is connected to the positive terminal 9-1 of the external solar cell, the output end of the driving module 5 is connected to the gate of the external power MOSFET switch group 10. The power MOSFET switch group 10 is composed of two power N-type MOSFETs. The gates of the two N-type MOSFETs are connected, and at the same time, the sources of the two N-type MOSFETs are connected. The drains of the two N-type MOSFETs are respectively connected to the positive terminal 9-1 and the negative terminal 9-2 of the solar cell.

[0024] Appendix Figure 4 is a circuit schematic diagram for simultaneously implementing the photovoltaic module positioning and information transmission functions in cooperation with the Schottky diode type photovoltaic bypass circuit. As shown in the appendix Figure 4 shown, the photovoltaic module positioning and information transmission circuit is used in cooperation with the Schottky diode type photovoltaic bypass circuit 11. The cathode of the Schottky diode type photovoltaic bypass circuit 11 is connected to the positive terminal 9-1 of the solar cell, the anode of the Schottky diode type photovoltaic bypass circuit is connected to the negative terminal 9-2 of the solar cell. The output end of the driving module 5 is connected to the gate of the external power MOSFET switch 7. The source of the power MOSFET switch 7 is connected to the negative terminal 9-2 of the solar cell. The drain of the power MOSFET switch 7 is connected to the cathode of the anti-backflow diode 8, and the anode of the anti-backflow diode 8 is connected to the positive terminal 9-1 of the solar cell.

[0025] Appendix Figure 5 is the second circuit schematic diagram for simultaneously implementing the photovoltaic module positioning and information transmission functions in cooperation with the Schottky diode type photovoltaic bypass circuit. As shown in the appendix Figure 5 shown, the photovoltaic module positioning and information transmission circuit is used in cooperation with the Schottky diode type photovoltaic bypass circuit 11. The cathode of the Schottky diode type photovoltaic bypass circuit 11 is connected to the positive terminal 9-1 of the solar cell, the anode of the Schottky diode type photovoltaic bypass circuit 11 is connected to the negative terminal 9-2 of the solar cell. The output end of the driving module 5 is connected to the gate of the external power MOSFET switch group 10. The power MOSFET switch group is composed of two power N-type MOSFETs. The gates of the two N-type MOSFETs are connected, and at the same time, the sources of the two N-type MOSFETs are connected. The drains of the two N-type MOSFETs are respectively connected to the positive terminal 9-1 and the negative terminal 9-2 of the solar cell.

[0026] Appendix Figure 6It is a circuit schematic diagram of a photovoltaic bypass circuit that uses a photovoltaic bypass control chip in combination to simultaneously implement the functions of photovoltaic module positioning and information transmission, as shown in the appendix Figure 6 As shown, the photovoltaic module positioning and information transmission circuit is used in combination with the photovoltaic bypass control chip 6. The output end of the photovoltaic bypass control chip 6 is connected to the gate of the power switch 12 of the photovoltaic bypass circuit. The input end of the power-taking and power-storing module 1 is connected to the positive terminal 9-1 of the external solar cell. The output end of the driving module 5 is connected to the gate of the power switch 12 of the photovoltaic bypass circuit. The source of the power switch 12 of the photovoltaic bypass circuit is connected to the negative terminal 9-2 of the solar cell, and the drain of the power switch 12 of the photovoltaic bypass circuit is connected to the positive terminal 9-1 of the solar cell.

[0027] Through the above technical solution, under the condition that the increase in discrete components is extremely limited, it can cooperate with the photovoltaic bypass circuit to report the status of the photovoltaic module, including whether the photovoltaic module is in a fault or hot spot effect state, the number of the photovoltaic module itself, and the time period when the photovoltaic module has a fault or hot spot effect. This greatly speeds up the positioning speed of faulty photovoltaic modules, greatly reduces the operation and maintenance costs of the photovoltaic system, improves the reliability of the photovoltaic system at the same time, and realizes the digital and intelligent management of solar panels. In addition, this technical solution does not require additional external power supply and high-voltage isolation, can draw power from the photovoltaic system, and has a self-floating power ground. Finally, this technical solution can be applied to various photovoltaic bypass circuit schemes composed of Schottky diodes, MOSFETs and general control chips, and MOSFETs and photovoltaic bypass control chips (such as ideal diodes), and has good versatility.

[0028] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments herein can be provided as methods, devices (equipment), or computer program products. Therefore, this article can adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Including but not limited to RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical disc storage, magnetic cassette, tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store the desired information and can be accessed by a computer. In addition, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, communication media typically contain computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transmission mechanism, and can include any information delivery medium.

[0029] This text is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatuses (devices), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present text. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of flows and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processors of general-purpose computers, special-purpose computers, embedded processors, or other programmable data processing devices to generate a machine, such that the instructions executed by the processors of the computer or other programmable data processing devices generate a device for implementing the functions specified in Figure 1 one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 one or more blocks.

[0030] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory generate a manufactured article including an instruction device, and the instruction device implements the steps of the functions specified in Figure 1 one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 one or more blocks.

[0031] The above-described embodiments and / or implementation manners are only used to illustrate the preferred embodiments and / or implementation manners for implementing the technology of the present invention, and do not impose any formal restrictions on the implementation manners of the technology of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the technical means disclosed in the content of the present invention, can make some changes or modifications to other equivalent embodiments, but should still be regarded as the same technology or embodiment as the essence of the present invention. Note that the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles applied. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, re-adjustments, and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Without departing from the concept of the present invention, more other equivalent embodiments can be included, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. Photovoltaic module positioning and information transmission circuit, characterized in that, include: A power taking and storage module, a voltage stabilizing module, a timing module, a signal sending module and a driving module; wherein the power taking and storage module is connected to the positive end of a solar cell and the voltage stabilizing module, the voltage stabilizing module is respectively connected to the timing module, the signal sending module and the driving module, the timing module is connected to the signal sending module, the driving module is connected to the gate control end of a power MOSFET switch, the input end of the power taking and storage module is connected to the positive end of an external solar cell, the output end of the driving module is connected to the gate of an external power MOSFET switch group, the power MOSFET switch group is composed of two power N-type MOSFETs, the gates of the two N-type MOSFETs are connected, the sources of the two N-type MOSFETs are connected, and the drains of the two N-type MOSFETs are respectively connected to the positive end and the negative end of the solar cell.

2. The photovoltaic module positioning and information transmission circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power-taking and storage module can unidirectionally take charge from the solar cell photovoltaic panel and store it in its own storage device. The power-taking and storage module is composed of a diode and a capacitor.

3. The photovoltaic module positioning and information transmission circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage stabilizing module uses the power storage module as the power input source, and after voltage stabilization, supplies voltage to the timing module, the signal sending module, and the driving module. The output end of the voltage stabilizing module is connected to the input end of the timing module, the driving module, and the signal sending module. The output voltage of the voltage stabilizing module is 5V-24V.

4. The photovoltaic module positioning and information transmission circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The timing module provides a reference clock for the signal sending module. The output of the timing module is connected to the signal sending module. The timing period of the timing module is 10 minutes to 12 hours.

5. The photovoltaic assembly positioning and information transmission circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal sending module is used to output a digital signal, and the digital signal includes the status and number of the solar cell. The digital signal output by the signal sending module has a frame of 16 bytes to 128 bytes. The driving module is used to transmit the digital signal output by the signal sending module to an external power MOSFET switch, and the output end of the driving module is connected to the gate of the external power MOSFET switch.

6. The photovoltaic assembly positioning and information transmission circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input end of the power extraction and storage module is connected to the positive end of an external solar cell, the output end of the driving module is connected to the gate of an external power MOSFET switch, the source of the power MOSFET switch is connected to the negative end of the solar cell, the drain of the power MOSFET switch is connected to the cathode of the anti-backflow diode, and the anode of the anti-backflow diode is connected to the positive end of the solar cell.

7. The photovoltaic assembly positioning and information transmission circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic component positioning and information transmission circuit is used in conjunction with a Schottky diode type photovoltaic bypass circuit, the cathode of the Schottky diode type photovoltaic bypass circuit is connected to the positive end of the solar cell, the anode of the Schottky diode type photovoltaic bypass circuit is connected to the negative end of the solar cell, the output end of the drive module is connected to the gate of an external power MOSFET switch, the source of the power MOSFET switch is connected to the negative end of the solar cell, the drain of the power MOSFET switch is connected to the cathode of the anti-backflow diode, and the anode of the anti-backflow diode is connected to the positive end of the solar cell.

8. The photovoltaic assembly positioning and information transmission circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic assembly positioning and information transmission circuit is used in conjunction with a Schottky diode photovoltaic bypass circuit, the cathode of the Schottky diode photovoltaic bypass circuit is connected to the positive end of the solar cell, the anode of the Schottky diode photovoltaic bypass circuit is connected to the negative end of the solar cell, the output end of the drive module is connected to the gate of an external power MOSFET switch group, the power MOSFET switch group is composed of two power N-type MOSFETs, the gates of the two N-type MOSFETs are connected, and the sources of the two N-type MOSFETs are connected, and the drains of the two N-type MOSFETs are respectively connected to the positive end and the negative end of the solar cell.

9. The photovoltaic assembly positioning and information transmission circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic assembly positioning and information transmission circuit is used in conjunction with a photovoltaic bypass control chip, the output end of the photovoltaic bypass control chip is connected to the gate of the power switch of the photovoltaic bypass circuit, the input end of the power storage module is connected to the positive end of the external solar cell, and the output end of the drive module is connected to the gate of the power switch of the photovoltaic bypass circuit; The source of the power switch of the photovoltaic bypass circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the solar cell, and the drain of the power switch of the photovoltaic bypass circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the solar cell.

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