Diamond cutting and polishing composite machine tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machining machine tools, and discloses a diamond cutting and polishing composite machine tool which comprises a machine tool body, a portal frame, a first sliding table, a second sliding table, a first X-axis driving mechanism, a second X-axis driving mechanism, a Y-axis saddle, a Y-axis driving mechanism, a Z-axis saddle, a Z-axis driving mechanism and a laser device assembly. A first chuck is arranged on the AC-axis rotary table; a polishing mechanism is arranged on the second sliding table, and a gripper used for transferring the diamond of the first chuck to the polishing mechanism is arranged on the Z-axis saddle. According to the diamond cutting and polishing composite machine tool, a cutting structure and a polishing structure are integrated on the same machine tool, continuous automatic machining from cutting to polishing is achieved, the transfer time between procedures is shortened, manual intervention is reduced, and the machining efficiency is remarkably improved. In addition, the polishing mechanism ensures that each facet can be polished under stable and appropriate pressure through multi-angle adjustment and real-time polishing pressure detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of processing machine tools, and particularly to a diamond cutting and polishing compound machine tool. Background Art

[0002] In the process of diamond processing, after each fine facet is cut, delicate polishing work is still required. Through polishing, the smoothness of each facet of the diamond can be increased, and under the illumination of light, the diamond can show a more brilliant luster.

[0003] However, at present, the cutting and polishing processes of diamonds are two independent and separate workstations. On the one hand, it is impossible to form a coherent automatic processing. On the other hand, the polishing process mainly relies on manual operation at present, with low automation. Specifically, after a diamond blank is cut into a diamond by a laser device, the diamond is then transferred to the polishing workstation by a staff member. The staff manually adjusts precision devices and magnifying glasses and performs repeated polishing and observation on a polishing machine. This process requires the craftsman to have superb skills to ensure that the polished diamond can meet the industry standards. Due to the extremely high hardness and tiny volume of the diamond, during the polishing process, the staff must invest a lot of time in meticulous observation and angle adjustment. The complexity of this process leads to low polishing efficiency, thus increasing the labor cost. In addition, due to the tiny errors during the polishing process, some facets may not be fully polished, which not only reduces the overall polishing effect but also may affect the final luster and value of the diamond.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a diamond cutting and polishing compound machine tool. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a diamond cutting and polishing compound machine tool to automatically and coherently complete the diamond cutting and polishing processes.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A diamond cutting and polishing compound machine tool, comprising a machine body, a gantry arranged on the machine body, a first slide table and a second slide table slidably arranged on the machine body in the front-back direction, a first X-axis driving mechanism for driving the first slide table to move back and forth, a second X-axis driving mechanism for driving the second slide table to move back and forth, a Y-axis saddle slidably arranged on the gantry, and a Y-axis driving mechanism for driving the Y-axis saddle to move left and right, a Z-axis saddle slidably arranged on the X-axis saddle, and a Z-axis driving mechanism for driving the Z-axis saddle to move up and down, a laser assembly is arranged on the Z-axis saddle, an AC-axis turntable is arranged on the first slide table, a first chuck is arranged on the AC-axis turntable, a diamond is cemented on a positioning seat and the positioning seat can be clamped by the first chuck; a polishing mechanism is arranged on the second slide table, the polishing mechanism includes a bottom plate, a fixture arranged on the bottom plate, a polishing machine and a transverse movement driving structure, the fixture includes a base, a swing shaft arranged on the base, a rotating shaft arranged on the swing shaft, a second chuck arranged on the output end of the rotating shaft, the axis of the swing shaft extends vertically, the axis of the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the axis of the swing shaft, the transverse movement driving structure is used to drive the polishing machine to move horizontally, the polishing machine includes a driving motor, a grinding wheel drivingly connected to the driving motor, and a pressure sensing structure for detecting the working pressure of the grinding wheel; a gripper for transferring the positioning seat and the diamond on the first chuck to the second chuck is arranged on the Z-axis saddle.

[0008] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the positioning seat includes a clamped rod, an extension rod, and a cementing platform arranged at the end of the extension rod, which are coaxially connected in sequence.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the gripper is a pneumatic finger and two clamping blocks symmetrically arranged on two movable fingers of the pneumatic finger respectively, and the two clamping blocks can jointly clamp the clamped rod.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the driving motor has a motor rotating shaft, the pressure sensing structure includes an oil pressure sensor, a rotary joint, a cavity opened in the inner cut of the motor rotating shaft and extending axially, a first piston arranged in the cavity, and a piston rod connected to the front end of the first piston. The rear end of the first piston is extruded by the hydraulic oil injected into the cavity. The piston rod extends out of the cavity and the grinding wheel is sleeved on the piston rod. A first spring sleeved on the periphery of the piston rod is arranged in the cavity. The first spring is used to provide elastic force for the first piston to balance the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil. The oil pressure sensor is connected to the tail end of the motor rotating shaft through the rotary joint.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a clamping and positioning assembly is arranged in both the swing shaft and the rotating shaft.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the swing shaft includes a first outer shell, a first adjustment shaft rotatably arranged in the first outer shell, and a first electric shaft for driving the first adjustment shaft to rotate. The first adjustment shaft extends vertically. The clamping and positioning assembly includes a brake ring sleeved on the first adjustment shaft, a second piston that can approach or move away from the brake ring, and a second spring for pushing the second piston towards the brake ring. A brake release air passage communicating with the second piston is provided in the outer shell, and the brake release air passage is used to inject air pressure to push the second piston away from the brake ring.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the rotating shaft includes a second outer shell, a second adjustment shaft rotatably arranged in the second outer shell, and a second electric shaft for driving the first adjustment shaft to rotate. The second adjustment shaft is parallel to the horizontal plane. The clamping and positioning assembly includes a brake ring sleeved on the second adjustment shaft, a second piston that can approach or move away from the brake ring, and a second spring for pushing the second piston towards the brake ring. A brake release air passage communicating with the second piston is provided in the second outer shell, and the brake release air passage is used to inject air pressure to push the second piston away from the brake ring.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, both the first chuck and the second chuck are pneumatic chucks, the crosswise movement driving structure is a linear module, and the driving motor is arranged on the slide table of the linear module.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the fixture further includes a water spraying pipe for spraying water on the diamond.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a chip collecting groove is provided below the grinding wheel. Beneficial effects of the present invention: The diamond cutting and polishing compound machine tool provided by the present invention integrates the cutting and polishing structures on the same machine tool, realizes the coherent automatic processing from cutting to polishing, reduces the transfer time between processes and manual intervention, and significantly improves the processing efficiency. In addition, the polishing mechanism quickly finds the polishing position and polishing force of each facet of the diamond through multi-angle adjustment and real-time grinding pressure detection, ensures that each facet can be polished under a stable and appropriate pressure, guarantees the stability and consistency of the polishing quality, and effectively avoids the situation that some facets cannot be fully polished due to minor errors; there is no need for manual repeated tedious observation and manual adjustment, improves the overall polishing efficiency, and thus reduces the labor cost. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the diamond cutting and polishing compound machine tool.

[0018] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 The partial enlarged view of the L area in

[0019] Figure 3 Is a perspective view of the polishing mechanism.

[0020] Figure 4 Is a structural schematic diagram of the polishing machine.

[0021] Figure 5 Is a structural schematic diagram of the rotating shaft and the clamping and positioning assembly, and the arrow indicates the direction of air pressure input.

[0022] Figure 6 Is a structural schematic diagram of the diamond.

[0023] Description of main component symbols: 11 - bed body, 12 - gantry, 13 - first slide, 14 - second slide, 15 - first X-axis drive mechanism, 16 - second X-axis drive mechanism, 17 - Y-axis saddle, 18 - Y-axis drive mechanism, 21 - Z-axis saddle, 22 - Z-axis drive mechanism, 23 - laser assembly, 24 - gripper, 241 - pneumatic finger, 242 - clamping block, 3 - polishing mechanism, 31 - bottom plate, 32 - fixture, 321 - base, 322 - swing shaft, 323 - rotating shaft, 3231 - second housing, 3232 - second adjustment shaft, 3233 - second electric spindle, 324 - second chuck, 325 - clamping and positioning assembly, 3251 - brake ring, 3252 - second piston, 3253 - second spring, 3254 - brake release air duct, 326 - water spray pipe, 33 - polishing machine, 331 - drive motor, 3311 - motor rotating shaft, 3312 - cavity, 3313 - first piston, 3314 - piston rod, 3315 - first spring, 3316 - hydraulic oil, 332 - grinding wheel, 333 - oil pressure sensor, 334 - rotary joint, 34 - crosswise drive structure, 35 - chip collection groove, 41 - AC axis turntable, 42 - first chuck, 5 - positioning seat, 51 - clamped rod, 52 - extension rod, 53 - cementing platform, 6 - diamond, 61 - installation and positioning plane. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] The present invention provides a diamond cutting and polishing compound machine tool. To make the purpose, technical solution and effects of the present invention clearer and more definite, the following further elaborates on the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and by way of examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3, the present invention provides a diamond cutting and polishing compound machine tool, which includes a machine body 11, a gantry 12 arranged on the machine body 11, a first slide table 13 and a second slide table 14 slidably arranged on the machine body 11, a first X-axis driving mechanism 15 for driving the first slide table 13 to move back and forth, and a second X-axis driving mechanism 16 for driving the second slide table 14 to move back and forth. A Y-axis saddle 17 is slidably arranged on the gantry 12, and a Y-axis driving mechanism 18 for driving the Y-axis saddle 17 to move left and right. An X-axis saddle is slidably provided with a Z-axis saddle 21 and a Z-axis driving mechanism 22 for driving the Z-axis saddle 21 to move up and down. A laser assembly 23 is arranged on the Z-axis saddle 21. An AC-axis turntable 41 is arranged on the first slide table 13, and a first chuck 42 is arranged on the AC-axis turntable 41. The diamond is cemented on a positioning seat 5, and the positioning seat 5 can be clamped by the first chuck 42. A polishing mechanism 3 is arranged on the second slide table 14. The polishing mechanism 3 includes a bottom plate 31, a fixture 32 arranged on the bottom plate 31, a polishing machine 33 and a transverse movement driving structure 34. The fixture 32 includes a base 321, a swing shaft 322 arranged on the base 321, a rotating shaft 323 arranged on the swing shaft 322, and a second chuck 324 arranged at the output end of the rotating shaft 323. The axis of the swing shaft 322 extends vertically, and the axis of the rotating shaft 323 is perpendicular to the axis of the swing shaft 322. The transverse movement driving structure 34 is used to drive the polishing machine 33 to move horizontally. The polishing machine 33 includes a driving motor 331, a grinding wheel 332 drivingly connected to the driving motor 331, and an induction structure for detecting the working pressure of the grinding wheel 332. A gripper 24 is arranged on the Z-axis saddle 21 for transferring the positioning seat 5 and the diamond on the first chuck 42 to the second chuck 324.

[0026] It can be understood that a mounting and positioning plane 61 will be pre-cut on the diamond blank (for reference, see Figure 6) Then, apply glue on the installation and positioning plane, and then fix it on the positioning seat 5. The positioning seat 5 is fixed on the AC-axis turntable 41 by the first chuck 42. Driven by the first X-axis driving mechanism 15, the first slide 13 moves to a suitable cutting position. The AC-axis turntable 41 can rotate around the A-axis (specifically, the horizontal axis) and the C-axis (specifically, the vertical axis), so as to adjust the cutting angle of the diamond blank. The laser assembly 23 on the Z-axis saddle 21 is accurately moved to the cutting position of the diamond blank under the cooperation of the Y-axis driving mechanism 18 and the Z-axis driving mechanism 22. The laser assembly 23 emits a high-energy laser beam and finely cuts the diamond blank according to the preset cutting path to form the required faceted diamond. After cutting, the AC-axis turntable 41 places the positioning seat 5 and the diamond 6 horizontally (i.e., the axes of the positioning seat 5 and the diamond 6 extend horizontally). Then, the gripper 24 on the Z-axis saddle 21 removes the positioning seat 5 and the diamond 6 from the first chuck 42 under the cooperation of the first X-axis driving mechanism 15, the Y-axis driving mechanism 18, and the Z-axis driving mechanism 22. The swing axis 322 and the rotation axis 323 adjust the axis of the second chuck 324 to extend horizontally. Then, the gripper 24 transfers and inserts the positioning seat 5 and the diamond 6 onto the second chuck 324, thus realizing the smooth transfer between the cutting station and the polishing station of the diamond. Then, the polishing mechanism 3 operates for polishing. The drive motor 331 is started, and the grinding wheel 332 is driven to rotate at a high speed. The transverse movement drive structure 34 pushes the grinding wheel 332 to move laterally to contact the facet of the diamond 6, and starts to grind the diamond 6. Through the coordinated work of the swing axis 322 and the rotation axis 323 of the fixture 32, the polishing machine 33 can polish each facet of the diamond 6 at multiple angles. At the same time, the pressure sensing structure monitors the working pressure of the rough grinding wheel 332 in real time and feeds the pressure data back to the control system. The control system analyzes these data. When it detects that the pressure deviates from the preset threshold, the control system starts the dynamic adjustment mechanism: on the one hand, it commands the transverse movement drive structure 34 to drive the drive motor 331 and the grinding wheel 332 to move laterally, changing the relative position between the grinding wheel 332 and the diamond 6; on the other hand, it can also send a command to the fixture 32 to make the fixture 32 act to adjust the spatial attitude of the diamond. That is, change the grinding position of the diamond 6. The combined action of the dual adjustment mechanism makes the contact pressure return to the standard range, and the grinding position can be continuously adjusted according to the real-time pressure information to ensure that each facet of the diamond 6 can be ground at an appropriate pressure and angle.

[0027] A diamond cutting and polishing compound machine tool provided by the present invention integrates cutting and polishing structures on the same machine tool, realizing coherent automatic processing from cutting to polishing, reducing the transfer time between processes and manual intervention, and significantly improving the processing efficiency. In addition, through multi-angle adjustment and real-time grinding pressure detection of the polishing mechanism 3, the polishing position and polishing force of each facet of the diamond can be quickly found, ensuring that each facet can be polished under a stable and appropriate pressure, guaranteeing the stability and consistency of the polishing quality, and effectively avoiding the situation where some facets cannot be fully polished due to minute errors; there is no need for manual repeated tedious observation and manual adjustment, improving the overall polishing efficiency and thus reducing the labor cost.

[0028] Specifically, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the positioning seat 5 includes a clamped rod 51, an extension rod 52, and a cementing platform 53 provided at the end of the extension rod 52, which are coaxially connected in sequence. The first chuck 42 and the second chuck 324 can specifically be pneumatic chucks. The design of the clamped rod 51 enables the positioning seat 5 to be firmly clamped by the first chuck 42 and the second chuck 324, ensuring the stable position of the diamond during cutting and polishing and not prone to displacement, thereby improving the processing accuracy. The extension rod 52 separates the clamped rod 51 from the cementing platform 53. When the gripper 24 grabs the clamped rod 51, due to the existence of the extension rod 52, a sufficient safety distance is maintained between the gripper 24 and the cementing platform 53, effectively avoiding the possible interference between the two during the grabbing process. This not only ensures that the gripper 24 can smoothly grab the clamped rod 51 but also prevents problems such as damage to the positioning seat 5 and diamond dropping caused by interference, guaranteeing the smooth progress of the processing flow.

[0029] The cementing platform 53 provides a stable cementing foundation for the diamond. The relatively large area of the cementing platform 53 enables the diamond to be more firmly cemented on the positioning seat 5, preventing the diamond from falling off due to vibration or uneven force during processing, thus ensuring the continuity of processing and the product quality. At the same time, this structure is also beneficial for more precisely controlling the position and angle of the diamond when cementing it, providing a good foundation for subsequent cutting and polishing processes.

[0030] Whether it is a small diamond 6 blank or a diamond material with a larger size, it can be effectively fixed and processed through this positioning seat 5, expanding the applicable range of the machine tool.

[0031] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 2, the gripper 24 is a pneumatic finger 241 and two clamping blocks 242 symmetrically arranged on two moving fingers of the pneumatic finger 241 respectively. The two clamping blocks 242 can jointly clamp the rod 51 to be clamped. By using the pneumatic finger 241 in combination with two clamping blocks 242 symmetrically arranged on the moving fingers, a stable clamping force can be formed on the rod 51 to be clamped. The pneumatic finger 241 is driven by air pressure, with a fast response speed, and can quickly complete the grasping and releasing actions of the rod 51 to be clamped. The operator only needs to control the air pressure system to easily achieve the clamping operation, greatly improving the operation convenience and work efficiency, reducing the manual operation time, and meeting the high-efficiency requirements of automated production.

[0032] Specifically, referring to Figure 4 , the drive motor 331 has a motor shaft 3311. The pressure sensing structure includes an oil pressure sensor 333, a rotary joint 334, a cavity 3312 opened along the axial direction on the inner tangent of the motor shaft 3311, a first piston 3313 arranged in the cavity 3312, and a piston rod 3314 connected to the front end of the first piston 3313. The rear end of the first piston 3313 is extruded by the hydraulic oil 3316 injected into the cavity 3312. The piston rod 3314 extends out of the cavity 3312 and the grinding wheel 332 is sleeved on the piston rod 3314. A first spring 3315 sleeved on the periphery of the piston rod 3314 is arranged in the cavity 3312. The first spring 3315 is used to provide elastic force for the first piston 3313 to balance the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil 3316. The oil pressure sensor 333 is connected to the tail end of the motor shaft 3311 through the rotary joint 334. The oil pressure sensor 333 is connected to the tail end of the motor shaft 3311 through the rotary joint 334. The oil pressure sensor 333 can accurately measure the pressure value of the hydraulic oil 3316 in the cavity 3312.

[0033] During the operation of the drive motor 331, due to the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil 3316 and the pressure of the first spring 3315, the first piston 3313 is in a dynamically balanced state, ensuring that the piston rod 3314 extends stably horizontally and rotates synchronously with the motor shaft 3311. And the pressure sensing component at the tail end of the motor shaft 3311 monitors the oil pressure in the cavity 3312 in real time. When the grinding wheel 332 polishes the diamond 6, if there are differences in the hardness of different facets of the diamond 6, surface unevenness, etc., it will cause changes in the resistance received by the grinding wheel 332. This resistance change will be transmitted to the first piston 3313 through the piston rod 3314, and then cause changes in the oil pressure in the cavity 3312. The pressure sensing component will transmit a signal to the control system according to the change in the oil pressure, that is, the real-time pressure information fed back. It can be understood that even if there are situations such as uneven diamond 6 facets causing instantaneous pressure fluctuations, the first spring 3315 can play a buffering role to avoid damage to the facets caused by pressure mutations.

[0034] After the control system receives the information fed back by the pressure sensing component, it will analyze and process it. If it is determined that the current polishing position needs to be adjusted, the control system will issue an instruction to drive the driving motor 331 and the grinding wheel 332 to move horizontally through the transverse movement driving structure 34, changing the relative position between the grinding wheel 332 and the diamond 6; and / or the control system can also issue an instruction to the fixture 32 to make the fixture 32 act, changing the polishing position of the diamond 6. In this way, continuously adjusting the polishing position according to the real-time pressure information can ensure that each facet of the diamond 6 can be effectively polished under appropriate pressure and angle, thereby improving the quality of the final product and avoiding reducing the luster and value of the diamond 6 due to insufficient polishing of some facets.

[0035] For example, when it is detected that the pressure is lower than the standard value, it indicates that the polishing force of the grinding wheel 332 on this facet is insufficient. At this time, through the corresponding control mechanism, the position of the diamond 6 can be adjusted by changing the fixture 32, so that the grinding wheel 332 can act more effectively on this facet, ensuring that each facet can obtain an appropriate polishing force and avoiding the situation of insufficient polishing. On the contrary, if the pressure is too high, it can also be adjusted in time to prevent facet damage caused by over-polishing, thus greatly improving the quality of the final product.

[0036] Through the coordinated action of the swing shaft 322 and the rotating shaft 323, the fixture 32 can expose each facet of the diamond accurately under the grinding wheel 332 for polishing whether the diamond has a regular shape or a complex contour. This makes the polishing mechanism 3 have a wider applicability and can meet diverse production requirements.

[0037] To prevent offset caused by vibration or external force during the processing, a clamping and positioning component 325 is provided inside both the swing shaft 322 and the rotating shaft 323, which can firmly lock the position and angle of the diamond after the adjustment is in place, ensuring the stability and consistency during the processing and significantly improving the processing accuracy.

[0038] Specifically, the swing shaft 322 includes a first housing, a first adjustment shaft rotatably disposed within the first housing, and a first electric shaft for driving the rotation of the first adjustment shaft. The first adjustment shaft extends vertically. The clamping and positioning assembly 325 includes a brake ring 3251 sleeved on the first adjustment shaft, a second piston 3252 capable of approaching or departing from the brake ring 3251, and a second spring 3253 for pushing the second piston 3252 towards the brake ring 3251. A brake release air passage 3254 communicating with the second piston 3252 is provided within the housing. The brake release air passage 3254 is used to inject air pressure to push the second piston 3252 away from the brake ring 3251. When it is necessary to adjust the intersection angle between the diamond and the grinding wheel 332, air pressure is injected into the brake release air passage 3254. The air pressure acts on the second piston 3252 to generate a thrust force opposite to the elastic force of the second spring 3253. The second piston 3252 is pushed away from the brake ring 3251, and the frictional force between the brake ring 3251 and the second piston 3252 disappears. The first adjustment shaft resumes the free rotation state. Then, the angle adjustment is performed through the first electric shaft. The first electric shaft applies a driving force to the first adjustment shaft. Since the first adjustment shaft is rotatably disposed within the first housing, under the action of the driving force, the first adjustment shaft rotates around its vertical axis. When the first adjustment shaft rotates to the target angle, the first electric shaft is stopped and the air pressure input is disconnected. At this time, the elastic force of the second spring 3253 continuously acts on the second piston 3252 to push it towards the brake ring 3251, rapidly increasing the frictional force between the brake ring 3251 and the second piston 3252 until it is sufficient to prevent the rotation of the first adjustment shaft, thereby achieving the clamping and locking of the first adjustment shaft.

[0039] Similarly, refer to Figure 5, the rotating shaft 323 includes a second housing 3231, a second positioning shaft 3232 rotatably disposed within the second housing 3231, and a second electric shaft for driving the first positioning shaft to rotate. The second positioning shaft 3232 is parallel to the horizontal plane. The clamping and positioning assembly 325 includes a brake ring 3251 sleeved on the second positioning shaft 3232, a second piston 3252 that can approach or move away from the brake ring 3251, and a second spring 3253 for pushing the second piston 3252 towards the brake ring 3251. A brake release air passage 3254 communicating with the second piston 3252 is provided within the second housing 3231, and the brake release air passage 3254 is used to inject air pressure to push the second piston 3252 away from the brake ring 3251. When it is necessary to adjust the clamping angle of the diamond, air pressure is injected into the brake release air passage 3254. The air pressure acts on the second piston 3252, generating a thrust force opposite to the elastic force of the second spring 3253. The second piston 3252 is pushed away from the brake ring 3251, and the frictional force between the brake ring 3251 and the second piston 3252 disappears. The second positioning shaft 3232 returns to the free rotation state, and then the angle is adjusted through the second electric shaft. The second electric shaft applies a driving force to the second positioning shaft 3232. Under the action of the driving force, the diamond on the clamping head rotates to switch the processing surface. When the second positioning shaft 3232 rotates to the target angle, the second electric shaft is stopped and the air pressure input is disconnected. At this time, the elastic force of the second spring 3253 continuously acts on the second piston 3252, pushing it towards the brake ring 3251, so that the frictional force between the brake ring 3251 and the second piston 3252 rapidly increases until it is sufficient to prevent the rotation of the second positioning shaft 3232, thereby realizing the clamping and locking of the second positioning shaft 3232 and ensuring that the diamond clamped on the clamping head at the output end of the rotating shaft 323 remains in an accurate position.

[0040] The rotating shaft 323 cooperates with the clamping and positioning assembly 325, enabling precise and all-round adjustment of the clamping angle of the diamond in the horizontal direction. During the diamond polishing process, it is necessary to polish the facets in different directions. The second electric shaft can quickly drive the second positioning shaft 3232 to rotate. When the required angle is reached, the clamping and positioning assembly 325 quickly locks, ensuring stable positioning at any angle on the horizontal plane. This allows the facets in all horizontal directions of the diamond to be accurately polished by the grinding wheel 332, greatly improving the comprehensiveness and precision of polishing and ensuring the high quality of the product.

[0041] The lateral drive structure 34 is a linear module, and the drive motor 331 is arranged on the slide of the linear module. During the polishing process of the diamond 6, the position of the grinding wheel 332 needs to be precisely controlled to ensure that each facet can be polished evenly and properly. The high-precision positioning function and movement smoothness of the linear module enable the drive motor 331 to accurately move to the specified position to meet the polishing requirements of different facets. Compared with other possible driving methods, the linear module greatly improves the accuracy of the position control of the grinding wheel 332, further improves the quality of the polishing of the diamond 6, and reduces product defects caused by position deviation. In fact, the load change of the linear module is fed back to the control system, which can also assist in determining whether the polishing is completed. When polishing is in progress, the load will drop to the set value and tend to be stable.

[0042] Preferably, the fixture 32 further comprises a water spray pipe 326 for spraying water on the diamond. The water spray pipe 326 continuously sprays water on the diamond, which can promptly remove the heat generated by friction, and the water spraying process can also wash away the debris and powder generated during the polishing process of the diamond surface, so as to prevent the debris from remaining on the diamond surface, which may affect the contact effect between the grinding wheel 332 and the diamond.

[0043] Preferably, a chip collecting groove 35 is provided below the grinding wheel 332. During the diamond polishing process, a large amount of debris will be generated. The chip collecting groove 35 is provided below the grinding wheel 332, and can directly receive the debris polished from the diamond surface. This avoids the debris from being scattered everywhere, ensures the relative cleanliness of the working area, and reduces the difficulty and time cost of subsequent cleaning work. Compared with the situation where the debris is scattered randomly, the chip collecting groove 35 can collect the debris in a centralized manner, facilitate unified processing, and improve the management efficiency of the production site.

[0044] The first X-axis driving mechanism 15 , the second X-axis driving mechanism 16 , the Y-axis driving mechanism 18 and the Z-axis driving mechanism 22 may specifically adopt a screw structure or a linear motor structure.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows mutual communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0047] It can be understood that for those of ordinary skill in the art, equivalent substitutions or changes can be made according to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, and all such changes or substitutions should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A diamond cutting and polishing compound machine tool, comprising a bed, a gantry arranged on the bed, a first slide and a second slide arranged on the bed slidably forward and backward, a first X-axis driving mechanism for driving the first slide to move forward and backward, and a second X-axis driving mechanism for driving the second slide to move forward and backward, a Y-axis saddle and a Y-axis driving mechanism for driving the Y-axis saddle to move left and right are slidably arranged on the gantry, a Z-axis saddle and a Z-axis driving mechanism for driving the Z-axis saddle to move up and down are slidably arranged on the X-axis saddle, and a laser assembly is arranged on the Z-axis saddle, characterized in that: An AC-axis turntable is provided on the first slide, a first chuck is provided on the AC-axis turntable, the diamond is fixed on the positioning seat and the positioning seat can be clamped by the first chuck; a polishing mechanism is provided on the second slide, the polishing mechanism includes a base plate, a fixture arranged on the base plate, a polishing machine and a transverse driving structure, the fixture includes a base, a swing shaft arranged on the base, a rotating shaft arranged on the swing shaft, and a second chuck arranged on the output end of the rotating shaft, the axis of the swing shaft extends vertically, the axis of the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the axis of the swing shaft, the transverse driving structure is used to drive the polishing machine to move horizontally, the polishing machine includes a driving motor, a grinding wheel connected to the driving motor, and a pressure sensing structure for detecting the working pressure of the grinding wheel; a gripper for transferring the positioning seat and diamond on the first chuck to the second chuck is provided on the Z-axis saddle.

2. The diamond cutting and polishing composite machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning seat comprises a clamped rod, an extension rod and a bonding platform arranged at the end of the extension rod which are coaxially connected in sequence.

3. The diamond cutting and polishing composite machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gripper comprises a pneumatic clamping finger and two clamping blocks which are symmetrically arranged on two movable fingers of the pneumatic clamping finger, and the two clamping blocks can clamp the clamped rod together.

4. The diamond cutting and polishing composite machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive motor has a motor shaft, and the pressure sensing structure includes an oil pressure sensor, a rotary joint, a cavity opened in the motor shaft and extending axially, a first piston arranged in the cavity, and a piston rod connected to the front end of the first piston, the rear end of the first piston is squeezed by the hydraulic oil injected into the cavity, the piston rod extends out of the cavity and the grinding wheel is sleeved on the piston rod, a first spring sleeved on the periphery of the piston rod is arranged in the cavity, the first spring is used to provide elastic force for the first piston to balance the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil, and the oil pressure sensor is connected to the tail end of the motor shaft through a rotary joint.

5. The diamond cutting and polishing composite machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing shaft and the rotating shaft are both provided with clamping and positioning components.

6. The diamond cutting and polishing composite machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The swing shaft includes a first shell, a first positioning shaft rotatably arranged in the first shell, and a first electric shaft driving the first positioning shaft to rotate, the first positioning shaft extends vertically, and the clamping and positioning assembly includes a brake ring sleeved on the first positioning shaft, a second piston that can approach or move away from the brake ring, and a second spring for pushing the second piston toward the brake ring; a brake release air channel connected to the second piston is provided in the shell, and the brake release air channel is used to inject air pressure to push the second piston away from the brake ring.

7. The diamond cutting and polishing composite machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating shaft includes a second outer shell, a second positioning shaft rotatably arranged in the second outer shell, and a second electric shaft that drives the first positioning shaft to rotate, the second positioning shaft is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the clamping and positioning assembly includes a brake ring sleeved on the second positioning shaft, a second piston that can approach or move away from the brake ring, and a second spring for pushing the second piston toward the brake ring; a brake release air channel connected to the second piston is provided in the second outer shell, and the brake release air channel is used to inject air pressure to push the second piston away from the brake ring.

8. The diamond cutting and polishing composite machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first chuck and the second chuck are both pneumatic chucks, the transverse drive structure is a linear module, and the drive motor is arranged on a slide of the linear module.

9. The diamond cutting and polishing composite machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixture also includes a water spray pipe for spraying water on the diamond.

10. The diamond cutting and polishing composite machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A chip collecting groove is arranged below the grinding wheel.

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