Renewable environmental functional material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a renewable environmental functional material and a preparation method thereof, belongs to the technical field of waste recycling, and discloses a renewable environmental functional material. Comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-35 parts of landscaping waste, 20-45 parts of agricultural waste, 30-60 parts of sludge, 25-70 parts of building solid waste and 2-8 parts of a functional additive. According to the renewable environmental functional material and the preparation method thereof, landscaping wastes, agricultural wastes, sludge and building solid wastes are recovered and classified, and functional additives are added to prepare the renewable environmental functional material, so that resource utilization of the wastes is realized, accumulation and landfill of the wastes are reduced, and the environment is protected; and the problem of treatment of ash residues generated by drying incineration is also avoided, land resources are effectively saved, a high-quality filler material is provided for urban construction and ecological protection, the demand on new raw materials is reduced, and the production cost and the resource consumption are further reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste recycling, and specifically to a renewable environmental functional material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Renewable environmental functional materials refer to those materials that can play an important role in environmental protection, resource recycling, and sustainable development. The sources of the materials can be renewable resources, such as plants, waste, or other renewable materials, which can be recycled or reused after use. These materials have less impact on the environment during production, use, and disposal, can reduce pollution and resource consumption. Renewable environmental functional materials usually possess specific functions, such as adsorption, catalysis, separation, antibacterial, etc., and can play a role in environmental governance, energy conversion, and resource recovery.

[0003] Publication No. CN118084455A discloses a renewable environmental functional material, including: multi-source solid waste and functional additives; by mass percentage, the multi-source solid waste includes 40-55 parts of shale, 30-40 parts of tap water plant sludge, 15-25 parts of red mud, and 5-10 parts of coal gangue; based on the mass of the multi-source solid waste, the addition amount of the functional additive is 0.2-4.55 parts. This renewable environmental functional material can greatly consume solid waste. The porosity of the environmental functional material is 40-60 parts, the density is 800-900 kg / m 3 , the compressive strength is 0.6-2.0 Mpa, the adsorption capacity for sewage solid suspended matter is about 9-15 kg / m 3 , and the removal rate of suspended COD is 30-40 parts, far exceeding the commonly used sand and gravel fillers in the market. The present invention also provides a preparation method and application of the environmental functional material. During the preparation process, great waste heat energy recovery is achieved. At the same time, the environmental functional material is used locally for the purification of the tail water of the constructed wetland in the sewage treatment plant. For the constructed wetland materials with saturated adsorption, they can be recycled.

[0004] The above patent improves the disadvantages that the current main disposal method for municipal sludge is drying and incineration, which has large investment, high operating cost, and the ash residue needs to be treated after incineration, resulting in that most of the drying and incineration sludge disposal projects have exceeded the financial capacity of the local government. This application provides another implementation solution for the problems proposed in the above patent. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a renewable environmental functional material and a preparation method thereof, which have the advantages of reducing the treatment cost of municipal sludge and improving the utilization efficiency of municipal sludge, and solve the problems that the traditional treatment methods not only cause environmental pollution and health and safety hazards, but also have high economic costs and do not meet the requirements of sustainable development.

[0006] To achieve the above object of reducing the cost of municipal sludge treatment and improving the utilization efficiency of municipal sludge, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A renewable environmental functional material, characterized in that it comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-35 parts of garden green waste, 20-45 parts of agricultural waste, 30-60 parts of sludge, 25-70 parts of construction solid waste, and 2-8 parts of functional additives.

[0007] Further, the garden green waste includes branches, lawn mowing and fallen leaves, the agricultural waste includes straws and rice husks, the sludge includes the sludge generated by sewage treatment plants, and the construction solid waste includes concrete, bricks and woods.

[0008] Further, the functional additives include microbial inoculants, water retention agent modifiers, diatomite and ferric chloride.

[0009] Further, it comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of garden green waste, 25 parts of agricultural waste, 35 parts of sludge, 30 parts of construction solid waste, and 3 parts of functional additives.

[0010] Further, it comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of garden green waste, 30 parts of agricultural waste, 40 parts of sludge, 35 parts of construction solid waste, and 5 parts of functional additives.

[0011] Further, it comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of garden green waste, 42 parts of agricultural waste, 55 parts of sludge, 60 parts of construction solid waste, and 8 parts of functional additives.

[0012] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a preparation method of a renewable environmental functional material, comprising the following steps:

[0013] 1) Waste collection and classification: Collect garden green waste, agricultural waste, sludge and construction solid waste, classify them according to the nature and composition of the materials, and ensure that different types of waste are treated separately;

[0014] 2) Pretreatment: Wash the collected waste to remove impurities and pollutants, crush large pieces of waste into small particles for subsequent treatment and mixing, and dry the waste with a high water content to reduce the water content for storage and processing;

[0015] 3) Disinfection and sterilization: Disinfect and sterilize the pretreated waste to kill the harmful microorganisms existing in the waste;

[0016] 4) Mixing and adding functional additives: According to the performance requirements of wetland materials, design the proportion of different waste materials, and add functional additives as needed to improve the performance of wetland materials; fully mix different types of waste materials and additives to ensure uniform distribution;

[0017] 5) Compression molding: Form the mixed materials into wetland materials with specific shapes through pressing, extrusion or die molding methods, and dry the formed wetland fillers to improve their strength and stability. After the drying treatment is completed, an environmental functional material is obtained;

[0018] 6) Performance testing: Take the above-mentioned environmentally functional materials formed by compression molding and conduct performance testing on them; if the test results are unqualified, return to step 1) for reprocessing, and if the test results are qualified, a renewable environmental functional material is obtained.

[0019] Furthermore, the performance testing includes physical property testing, chemical property testing and biocompatibility testing. The physical property testing includes testing the density, porosity and water permeability of the wetland materials. The chemical property testing includes detecting the pH value, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of the fillers. The biocompatibility testing includes evaluating the impact of the fillers on plant growth and microbial activity.

[0020] Furthermore, after the pre-treatment of concrete and bricks in the construction solid waste in step 2), it is necessary to elute the calcium in them with hydrochloric acid.

[0021] Furthermore, after crushing all kinds of waste materials recycled in step 2), use screening equipment to screen the crushed materials to remove too large or too small particles to ensure the uniformity of the fillers.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a renewable environmental functional material and its preparation method, which have the following beneficial effects:

[0023] This renewable environmental functional material and its preparation method recycle and classify garden green waste, agricultural waste, sludge and construction solid waste, and add functional additives to prepare a renewable environmental functional material, realizing the resource utilization of waste. It not only reduces the accumulation and landfill of waste, but also avoids the problem of ash residue treatment caused by drying and incineration, effectively saving land resources, providing high-quality filler materials for urban construction and ecological protection, reducing the demand for new raw materials, and further reducing production costs and resource consumption. Specific embodiments

[0024] Next, in combination with the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] Embodiment 1:

[0026] A renewable environmental functional material, comprising raw materials in the following weight parts ratio: 20 parts of landscaping waste, 25 parts of agricultural waste, 35 parts of sludge, 30 parts of construction solid waste, and 3 parts of functional additives.

[0027] Specifically, the landscaping waste includes branches, lawn mowing, and fallen leaves, the agricultural waste includes straws and rice husks, the sludge includes the sludge generated by sewage treatment plants, and the construction solid waste includes concrete, bricks, and wood.

[0028] Specifically, the functional additives include microbial agents, water retention agent modifiers, diatomite, and ferric trichloride.

[0029] A preparation method of a renewable environmental functional material, comprising the following steps:

[0030] 1) Waste collection and classification: Collect landscaping waste, agricultural waste, sludge, and construction solid waste, classify them according to the nature and composition of the materials to ensure separate treatment of different types of waste;

[0031] 2) Pretreatment: Wash the collected waste to remove impurities and pollutants, crush large pieces of waste into small particles for subsequent treatment and mixing, and dry the waste with a high water content to reduce the water content for storage and processing;

[0032] 3) Disinfection and sterilization: Disinfect and sterilize the pretreated waste to kill harmful microorganisms existing in the waste;

[0033] 4) Mixing and adding functional additives: Design the ratio of different wastes according to the performance requirements of the wetland material, add functional additives as needed to improve the performance of the wetland material; fully mix different types of wastes and additives to ensure uniform distribution;

[0034] 5) Compression molding: Compress the mixed material into a wetland material with a specific shape by pressing, extrusion, or die molding methods, dry the formed wetland filler to improve its strength and stability, and after the drying treatment is completed, obtain the environmental functional material;

[0035] 6) Performance test: Take the above-mentioned environmentally functional materials formed by pressing and conduct performance tests on them; if the test results are unqualified, return to step 1) for reprocessing, and if the test results are qualified, renewable environmentally functional materials are obtained.

[0036] Among them, the performance tests include physical property tests, chemical property tests, and biocompatibility tests. The physical property tests include testing the density, porosity, and water permeability of wetland materials. The chemical property tests include detecting the pH value, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of the filler. The biocompatibility tests include evaluating the effects of the filler on plant growth and microbial activity.

[0037] It should be noted that after the pretreatment of concrete and bricks in construction solid waste in step 2), it is necessary to elute the calcium in them with hydrochloric acid.

[0038] Among them, in step 2), after crushing various recycled wastes, a screening device is used to screen the crushed materials to remove too large or too small particles to ensure the uniformity of the filler.

[0039] Example 2:

[0040] A renewable environmentally functional material, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of landscaping waste, 30 parts of agricultural waste, 40 parts of sludge, 35 parts of construction solid waste, and 5 parts of functional additives.

[0041] Specifically, the landscaping waste includes branches, lawn clippings, and fallen leaves. The agricultural waste includes straw and rice husks. The sludge includes the sludge generated by sewage treatment plants. The construction solid waste includes concrete, bricks, and wood.

[0042] Specifically, the functional additives include microbial agents, water retention agent modifiers, diatomaceous earth, and ferric trichloride.

[0043] A preparation method of a renewable environmentally functional material, comprising the following steps:

[0044] 1) Waste collection and classification: Collect landscaping waste, agricultural waste, sludge, and construction solid waste, classify them according to the nature and composition of the materials to ensure that different types of waste are treated separately;

[0045] 2) Pretreatment: Wash the collected waste to remove impurities and pollutants, crush large pieces of waste into small particles for subsequent treatment and mixing, and dry the waste with a high water content to reduce the water content for storage and processing;

[0046] 3) Disinfection and sterilization: Disinfect and sterilize the pretreated waste to kill harmful microorganisms existing in the waste;

[0047] 4) Mixing and adding functional additives: According to the performance requirements of wetland materials, design the proportion of different wastes, and add functional additives as needed to improve the performance of wetland materials; fully mix different types of wastes and additives to ensure uniform distribution;

[0048] 5) Compression molding: Form the mixed materials into wetland materials with specific shapes by pressing, extrusion or die molding methods, and dry the formed wetland fillers to improve their strength and stability. After the drying treatment is completed, an environmental functional material is obtained;

[0049] 6) Performance testing: Take the above-mentioned compression-molded environmental functional materials and conduct performance testing on them; if the test results are unqualified, return to step 1) for reprocessing, and if the test results are qualified, a renewable environmental functional material is obtained.

[0050] Among them, the performance testing includes physical performance testing, chemical performance testing and biocompatibility testing. The physical performance testing includes testing the density, porosity and water permeability of the wetland materials. The chemical performance testing includes detecting the pH value, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of the fillers. The biocompatibility testing includes evaluating the effects of the fillers on plant growth and microbial activity.

[0051] It should be noted that after the pre-treatment of concrete and bricks in construction solid waste in step 2), it is necessary to elute the calcium in them with hydrochloric acid.

[0052] Among them, in step 2), after the various recovered wastes are crushed, a screening device is used to screen the crushed materials to remove too large or too small particles to ensure the uniformity of the fillers.

[0053] Example 3:

[0054] A renewable environmental functional material, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of landscaping waste, 42 parts of agricultural waste, 55 parts of sludge, 60 parts of construction solid waste and 8 parts of functional additives.

[0055] Specifically, the landscaping waste includes branches, lawn mowing and fallen leaves, the agricultural waste includes straws and rice husks, the sludge includes the sludge generated by sewage treatment plants, and the construction solid waste includes concrete, bricks and wood.

[0056] Specifically, the functional additives include microbial agents, water retention agent modifiers, diatomite and ferric trichloride.

[0057] A preparation method of a renewable environmental functional material, comprising the following steps:

[0058] 1) Waste collection and classification: Collect landscaping waste, agricultural waste, sludge, and construction solid waste, and classify them according to the nature and composition of the materials to ensure separate treatment of different types of waste;

[0059] 2) Pretreatment: Wash the collected waste to remove impurities and pollutants, crush large pieces of waste into small particles for subsequent treatment and mixing, and dry the waste with a high water content to reduce the water content for easy storage and processing;

[0060] 3) Disinfection and sterilization: Disinfect and sterilize the pretreated waste to kill harmful microorganisms present in the waste;

[0061] 4) Mixing and adding functional additives: Design the ratio of different wastes according to the performance requirements of wetland materials, add functional additives as needed to improve the performance of wetland materials; fully mix different types of waste and additives to ensure uniform distribution;

[0062] 5) Compression molding: Form the mixed material into wetland materials of specific shapes by pressing, extrusion, or die molding methods, and dry the formed wetland fillers to improve their strength and stability. After the drying process, environmental functional materials are obtained;

[0063] 6) Performance testing: Take the above-mentioned compression-molded environmental functional materials and conduct performance testing on them; if the test results are unqualified, return to step 1) for reprocessing; if the test results are qualified, renewable environmental functional materials are obtained.

[0064] Among them, the performance testing includes physical property testing, chemical property testing, and biocompatibility testing. The physical property testing includes testing physical properties such as the density, porosity, and water permeability of wetland materials. The chemical property testing includes detecting the pH value, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of the fillers. The biocompatibility testing includes evaluating the effects of the fillers on plant growth and microbial activity.

[0065] It should be noted that after the pretreatment of concrete and bricks in construction solid waste in step 2), hydrochloric acid is needed to elute the calcium in them.

[0066] Among them, in step 2), after crushing the recycled various wastes, a screening device is used to screen the crushed materials to remove oversized or undersized particles to ensure the uniformity of the fillers.

[0067] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0068] First, various types of waste are collected from urban landscaping, agricultural production, sewage treatment and building demolition, such as branches, lawn clippings, fallen leaves, straw, rice husks, sewage treatment plant sludge, concrete blocks, bricks and waste wood. The waste is classified in detail according to its nature and composition to ensure the pertinence and effectiveness of subsequent treatment. The classified waste is cleaned to remove impurities and pollutants to ensure the purity of the material. Subsequently, large pieces of waste are broken into small particles for subsequent mixing and molding. For waste with high water content, such as sludge, drying treatment is carried out to reduce the moisture content and improve the stability and processability of the material. In addition, for concrete and bricks in construction solid waste, hydrochloric acid elution treatment is required to remove the calcium components and improve the reactivity and utilization rate of the material. To ensure the safety of the final product, the pre-treated waste is strictly disinfected and sterilized to kill the harmful microorganisms that may exist in it and prevent them from posing a potential threat to the environment and ecosystem. According to the performance requirements of wetland materials, the proportion of different wastes is designed. At the same time, functional additives such as microbial agents, water-retaining agent modifiers, diatomaceous earth and ferric chloride are added according to actual needs to improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of the filler. Different types of waste and additives are fully mixed to ensure their uniform distribution in the filler, so as to play the best overall effect. The mixed materials are pressed, extruded or molded into wetland materials of specific shapes. The molded filler also needs to be dried to improve its strength and stability to ensure durability and reliability in practical applications.

[0069] The prepared wetland materials are subjected to comprehensive performance tests, including physical properties such as density, porosity, and water permeability; chemical properties such as pH value, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content; and biocompatibility tests such as the impact on plant growth and microbial activity. According to the test results, the filler is adjusted and optimized as necessary to ensure that it meets the needs of practical applications. Compared with the traditional dry incineration disposal method, renewable environmental functional materials can avoid the high cost of incineration equipment and ash treatment by recycling various types of waste, significantly reducing the disposal cost, and avoiding the pollution of the environment by harmful gases and ash generated during the dry incineration process, which is beneficial to protecting the ecological environment and human health, realizing the recycling of waste, and saving raw material resources.

[0070] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A renewable environmental functional material, characterized in that: The raw materials include the following weight proportions: 15-35 parts of garden waste, 20-45 parts of agricultural waste, 30-60 parts of sludge, 25-70 parts of construction solid waste and 2-8 parts of functional additives.

2. The renewable environmental functional material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The landscaping waste includes tree branches, lawn clippings and fallen leaves, the agricultural waste includes straw and rice husks, the sludge includes sludge generated by sewage treatment plants, and the construction solid waste includes concrete, bricks and wood.

3. The renewable environmental functional material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functional additives include microbial agents, water-retaining agent improvers, diatomaceous earth and ferric chloride.

4. The renewable environmental functional material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material comprises the following raw materials in proportion by weight: 20 parts of garden waste, 25 parts of agricultural waste, 35 parts of sludge, 30 parts of construction solid waste and 3 parts of functional additives.

5. The renewable environmental functional material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials include the following proportions by weight: 30 parts of garden waste, 30 parts of agricultural waste, 40 parts of sludge, 35 parts of construction solid waste and 5 parts of functional additives.

6. The renewable environmental functional material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials include the following weight proportions: 35 parts of garden waste, 42 parts of agricultural waste, 55 parts of sludge, 60 parts of construction solid waste and 8 parts of functional additives.

7. A method for preparing a renewable environmental functional material, characterized in that: Using the renewable environmental functional material as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following steps: 1) Waste collection and classification: collect landscaping waste, agricultural waste, sludge and construction solid waste, classify them according to the nature and composition of the materials, and ensure that different types of waste are treated separately; 2) Pretreatment: Clean the collected waste to remove impurities and pollutants, break large pieces of waste into small particles for subsequent processing and mixing, and dry the waste with high moisture content to reduce the moisture content for easy storage and processing; 3) Disinfection and sterilization: Disinfection and sterilization of pre-treated waste to kill harmful microorganisms in the waste; 4) Mixing and adding functional additives: According to the performance requirements of wetland materials, design the ratio of different wastes and add functional additives as needed to improve the performance of wetland materials; fully mix different types of wastes and additives to ensure uniform distribution; 5) Compression molding: The mixed materials are pressed, extruded or molded into wetland materials of a specific shape, and the molded wetland filler is dried to improve its strength and stability. After the drying process is completed, the environmental functional material is obtained; 6) Performance test: Take the above-mentioned pressed environmental functional material and perform a performance test on the environmental functional material; if the test result is unqualified, return to 1) for reprocessing; if the test result is qualified, the renewable environmental functional material is obtained.

8. The method for preparing a renewable environmental functional material according to claim 7, characterized in that: The performance tests include physical performance tests, chemical performance tests and biocompatibility tests. The physical performance tests include testing the density, porosity and water permeability physical properties of wetland materials. The chemical performance tests include detecting the pH value, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of the filler. The biocompatibility tests include evaluating the impact of the filler on plant growth and microbial activity.

9. The method for preparing a renewable environmental functional material according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the above 2), after the concrete and bricks in the construction solid waste are pretreated, hydrochloric acid needs to be used to elute the calcium therein.

10. The method for preparing a renewable environmental functional material according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the above 2), the various types of recycled waste are crushed and then screened using screening equipment to remove oversized or undersized particles to ensure the uniformity of the filler.