Environment-friendly chili extract composite deicing agent and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an environment-friendly chili extract composite deicing agent and a preparation method thereof, and the deicing agent comprises the following components by weight: 1-5 parts of chili extract; 5 to 10 parts of polyethylene glycol 200; 5-15 parts of a corrosion inhibitor; 10-25 parts of an anti-freezing agent; 3-8 parts of a penetration enhancer; 0.1 to 0.5 part of a thickening agent; 0.05 to 0.2 part of a pH conditioning agent; and 50-75 parts of water. The core of the invention lies in multifunctional coupling of the capsicum extract and synergism of an isopropanol-sodium sulfate composite system, hydrophobic aromatic rings of capsaicin and an ice crystal hydrogen bond network form competitive combination, ordered growth of ice crystals can be inhibited, isopropanol can reduce the surface tension of a solution, sodium sulfate accelerates microcrack propagation of an ice layer through an osmotic pressure effect, and the ice layer microcrack growth is inhibited. Therefore, the deicing speed is improved. And meanwhile, the pepper extract and sodium silicate cooperate to form a film, a compact silicon-polyphenol composite protective layer is formed on the metal surface, a metal component can be protected, and the secondary environment problem cannot be caused.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of deicing agents, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly chili extract composite deicing agent and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] China has a huge highway network, and most of it is in areas with frequent snow and ice. The snow and ice on the road surface in winter greatly reduce the road adhesion coefficient, which easily leads to traffic safety accidents. To solve this problem, we need to clean the snow on the road surface. The traditional snow melting and deicing measures mainly include mechanical snow removal, manual snow removal, and deicing agent snow removal. Among them, due to the lack of large-scale snow removal equipment, the speed and efficiency of mechanical snow removal are relatively low; while manual snow removal has a large labor intensity and low snow removal efficiency, which affects the traffic operation order and speed. Therefore, now more people choose the deicing agent snow removal method, which is time-saving and labor-saving and can reduce accidental injury accidents.

[0003] Currently, chloride salts such as sodium chloride, calcium chloride, and magnesium chloride commonly used in the field of road deicing have significant environmental risks during application. These inorganic salt deicing agents not only have strong corrosiveness to metal components (such as bridge steel bars and vehicle chassis), but also the penetration of chloride ions generated after dissolution will cause the concrete structure to accelerate carbonization, and will also damage the physical and chemical properties of the surrounding soil, leading to secondary environmental problems such as excessive chloride ions in groundwater and death of vegetation due to salt stress. Although attempts have been made to improve through the addition of antifreeze agents such as ethylene glycol or corrosion inhibitors such as phosphates in current technical means, due to the insufficient biodegradability of organic additives and the attenuation of the timeliness of corrosion inhibition components, it is still difficult to achieve an effective balance between environmental protection and long-term effectiveness. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an environment-friendly chili extract composite deicing agent and a preparation method thereof for the deficiencies of the existing technology, so as to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0005] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] On the one hand, an environment-friendly chili extract composite deicing agent is provided, which includes the following components by weight:

[0007]

[0008]

[0009] As a preferred scheme of the environment-friendly chili extract composite deicing agent, it includes the following components by weight:

[0010]

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the environment-friendly chili extract composite deicer, the corrosion inhibitor is sodium silicate, the antifreeze is isopropyl alcohol, and the penetration enhancer is sodium sulfate.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the environment-friendly chili extract composite deicer, the thickener is plant gum, and the pH regulator is citric acid.

[0013] On the other hand, a preparation method of an environment-friendly chili extract composite deicer is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1. Prepare chili extract;

[0015] S2. Add water into a reaction kettle, heat it to 40 - 50 °C, add the corrosion inhibitor and the penetration enhancer, and stir until completely dissolved;

[0016] S3. After the water temperature drops to 20 - 25 °C, add chili extract, polyethylene glycol 200, antifreeze, thickener and pH regulator into the reaction kettle, and perform homogenization treatment on it;

[0017] S4. After homogenization treatment for 30 min, filter the material with a 0.22 μm filter membrane to obtain a deicer with qualified uniformity.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the environment-friendly chili extract composite deicer, step S1 specifically includes:

[0019] S11. Select dry red chili peppers as raw materials, remove the stalks and chili seeds, put the treated chili peppers into an oven at 60 °C and dry them to constant weight, then put the dried chili peppers into a pulverizer, pulverize them and pass through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain chili powder;

[0020] S12. Mix the chili powder with petroleum ether at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10 (w / v), pour it into a Soxhlet extractor, and reflux for defatting at 40 °C for 1 - 2 h. After suction filtration through a Buchner funnel, discard the filtrate and retain the filter residue;

[0021] S13. Mix the filter residue with 95% ethanol at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10 (w / v), pour it into a Soxhlet extractor, and reflux for 8 h at 70 - 80 °C for 10 cycles, and retain the extract;

[0022] S14. Add a 70% ethanol solution to the extract, place it in an ultrasonic cleaning tank, and ultrasonicate for 60 min at 40 - 60 °C. After centrifugation, extract the supernatant;

[0023] S15. Pour the supernatant into a rotary evaporator and concentrate it to a paste-like crude extract at a temperature of 40 - 50 °C. Mix the paste-like crude extract with n-hexane for extraction at a volume ratio of 1:1. After separating the ethanol layer, obtain the crude capsaicin extract.

[0024] S16. The crude capsaicin extract is separated and purified using a C18 reversed-phase chromatographic column with silica gel as the stationary phase and methanol-water (70:30, v / v) as the mobile phase according to a gradient elution program to obtain a high-purity pepper extract.

[0025] As a preferred scheme for the preparation method of the environmentally friendly pepper extract composite deicer, in step S4, after the material is filtered, a stability analyzer is used to analyze the uniformity of the material. If the change value of TI or BSI light intensity with the sample height is stable within 1 h, it is considered that the uniformity is qualified.

[0026] Advantages of the present invention:

[0027] Based on the synergistic design of natural plant activities and functional materials, the present invention develops an efficient and environmentally friendly composite deicer. Its core technology lies in:

[0028] (1) Multifunctional coupling of pepper extract

[0029] ① Taking pepper extract as the core component, the capsaicinoid compounds it is rich in achieve ice crystal regulation through the following mechanisms:

[0030] ② Ice crystal structure destruction: The hydrophobic aromatic ring of capsaicin forms a competitive binding with the ice crystal hydrogen bond network, which can inhibit the orderly growth of ice crystals;

[0031] ③ Dynamic freezing point inhibition: The polar hydroxyl group and ether bond reduce the freezing point of the solution through hydrogen bond reconstruction;

[0032] Metal slow-release protection: The pepper extract and sodium silicate form a film synergistically to form a dense silicon-polyphenol composite protective layer on the metal surface, which can effectively protect metal components.

[0033] (2) Synergistic effect of isopropanol-sodium sulfate composite system

[0034] ① Rapid penetration: Isopropanol can reduce the surface tension of the solution, and sodium sulfate accelerates the expansion of microcracks in the ice layer through osmotic pressure effect;

[0035] ② Synergistic ice melting: The binary system increases the ice layer stripping rate by 2 - 3 times compared with traditional sodium chloride, and there is no risk of chloride ion corrosion.

[0036] (3) Environmental friendliness throughout the life cycle

[0037] ① Biodegradability: The natural degradation rate of all components is > 95% within 28 days;

[0038] ②Ecological safety: Through phytotoxicity testing (wheat germination experiment), the EC50 value is increased by 85% compared with traditional deicers.

[0039] ③Low-temperature adaptability: It still maintains fluidity (viscosity < 50 mPa·s) in an environment of -30°C. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of each ice body before the ice melting rate experiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of each ice body after the ice melting rate experiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of each carbon steel immersed in the deicer in the carbon steel corrosion experiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of each carbon steel after the carbon steel corrosion experiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of each copper sheet immersed in the deicer in the copper sheet corrosion experiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of each copper sheet after the copper sheet corrosion experiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0047] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and through specific embodiments.

[0048] Among them, the drawings are only for illustrative purposes, showing only schematic diagrams, not physical diagrams, and cannot be construed as a limitation to this patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some components in the drawings will be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the dimensions of actual products; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0049] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship, it is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe the positional relationship in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and cannot be construed as a limitation of this patent. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if terms such as "connection" are used to indicate the connection relationship between components, this term should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0051] Example 1:

[0052] The environment-friendly chili extract composite deicer of this embodiment is obtained by reacting the following raw materials by weight:

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] When preparing the environment-friendly chili extract composite deicer, the raw materials are added according to the above addition amounts, including the following steps:

[0056] (1) Prepare chili extract:

[0057] Select 2 kg of dry red chili peppers as raw materials, remove the stalks and chili seeds, put the processed chili peppers into an oven at 60 °C and dry to constant weight, then put the dried chili peppers into a pulverizer, pulverize them and pass through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain chili powder;

[0058] Mix the chili powder with petroleum ether at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10 (w / v), pour it into a Soxhlet extractor, and reflux for defatting at 40 °C for 1 - 2 h. After suction filtration through a Buchner funnel, discard the filtrate and retain the filter residue;

[0059] Mix the filter residue with 95% ethanol at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10 (w / v), pour it into a Soxhlet extractor, and reflux at 70 - 80 °C for 8 h, cycle 10 times, and retain the extract;

[0060] Add 70% ethanol solution to the extract, place it in an ultrasonic cleaning tank, and ultrasonicate for 60 min at a temperature of 40 - 60 °C. After centrifugation, collect the supernatant.

[0061] Pour the supernatant into a rotary evaporator and concentrate it to a paste-like crude extract at a temperature of 40 - 50 °C. Mix the paste-like crude extract with n-hexane in a volume ratio of 1:1 for extraction. After separating the ethanol layer, obtain the crude capsaicin extract.

[0062] The crude capsaicin extract is separated and purified using a C18 reverse-phase chromatographic column with silica gel as the stationary phase and methanol-water (70:30, v / v) as the mobile phase according to a gradient elution program to obtain a high-purity pepper extract.

[0063] (2) Add water to the reaction kettle, heat it to 40 - 50 °C, add sodium silicate and sodium sulfate, and stir until completely dissolved.

[0064] (3) After the water temperature drops to 20 - 25 °C, add the pepper extract, polyethylene glycol 200, isopropanol, plant gum, and citric acid to the reaction kettle, and homogenize it.

[0065] (4) After homogenization for 30 min, filter the material using a 0.22 μm filter membrane, and analyze the uniformity of the material using a stability analyzer. If the change value of TI or BSI light intensity with the sample height is stable within 1 h, it is considered that the uniformity is qualified, thus obtaining an ice-melting agent with qualified uniformity.

[0066] Example 2:

[0067] The ice-melting agent of this example is obtained by reacting the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] When preparing the ice-melting agent, each raw material is added according to the above addition amounts, including the following steps:

[0071] (1) Add water to the reaction kettle, heat it to 40 - 50 °C, add sodium silicate and sodium sulfate, and stir until completely dissolved.

[0072] (2) After the water temperature drops to 20 - 25 °C, add polyethylene glycol 200, isopropanol, plant gum, and citric acid to the reaction kettle, and homogenize it.

[0073] (3) After 30 minutes of homogenization treatment, the material is filtered through a 0.22 μm filter membrane, and the uniformity of the material is analyzed using a stability analyzer. If the change value of TI or BSI light intensity with the sample height remains stable within 1 hour, it is considered that the uniformity is qualified, and thus a deicer without pepper extract is obtained.

[0074] Comparative Example 1:

[0075] The traditional deicer of this example is obtained by reacting the following raw materials by weight percentage:

[0076] Sodium chloride: 96%;

[0077] Potassium ferrocyanide: 0.05%;

[0078] Calcium chloride: 3.95%.

[0079] When preparing the traditional deicer, the raw materials are added according to the above addition amounts, including the following steps:

[0080] (1) Mix sodium chloride, potassium ferrocyanide, and calcium chloride in proportion to ensure uniform distribution;

[0081] (2) Crush the mixture to the required particle size and screen out oversized or undersized particles;

[0082] (3) Dry the mixed materials to remove moisture, thereby obtaining the traditional deicer.

[0083] Measure the effects of each example and comparative example:

[0084] Ice melting rate experiment:

[0085] 1. Experimental procedure:

[0086] (1) Ice making stage: Inject deionized water into the mold and freeze it at -20 °C for 48 hours to form a transparent homogeneous ice body;

[0087] (2) Benchmark weighing: Measure the initial weight m1 of the ice body;

[0088] (3) Reagent application: Place the ice body in a constant temperature environmental chamber at -10 °C and spray 20 ml of deicer at a position 20 cm above the ice surface to evenly cover the ice body with the deicer;

[0089] (4) Final weight measurement: Take out the remaining ice body after 5 minutes and measure the remaining weight m2 of the ice body.

[0090] 2. Data processing and correction

[0091] (1) Ice melting rate calculation:

[0092]

[0093] (2) Parallel experiments and error control:

[0094] Six parallel samples were set for each group of experiments. Data deviating from the mean value by ±2σ were excluded, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was required to be ≤5%; at the same time, a blank control group (sprayed with deionized water) was set to correct for volatile losses.

[0095] The deicers of Examples 1-2 and Comparative Example 1 were successively subjected to the above-mentioned ice melting rate experiments. The ice bodies before the experiments were as Figure 1 shown, and the ice bodies after the experiments were as Figure 2 shown. On the left was the ice body sprayed with the traditional deicer of Comparative Example 1, in the middle was the ice body sprayed with the composite deicer containing pepper extract of Example 1, and on the right was the ice body sprayed with the deicer without pepper extract of Example 2. The specific experimental data are shown in Table 1 below. It can be seen from the table that the composite deicer with pepper extract added in Example 1 far exceeded the deicer without pepper extract added in Example 2 and the traditional deicer of Comparative Example 1 in terms of ice melting efficiency. Thus, it can be seen that the hydrophobic aromatic ring of capsaicin forms a competitive binding with the ice crystal hydrogen bond network, which can inhibit the orderly growth of ice crystals, and the polar hydroxyl group and ether bond can reduce the freezing point of the solution through hydrogen bond reconstruction. At the same time, isopropanol can reduce the surface tension of the solution, and sodium sulfate can accelerate the expansion of microcracks in the ice layer through osmotic pressure effect, thereby greatly improving the ice layer stripping rate of the deicer.

[0096] Table 1: Experimental data of ice melting rate

[0097] Experimental group <![CDATA[Ice weight m1]]> <![CDATA[Weight of ice cube m2]]> Ice melting rate Example 1 226.52g 4.53g 98％ Example 2 230.63g 57.66g 75％ Comparative example 1 235.41g 94.16g 60％

[0098] Corrosion experiment:

[0099] 1. Experimental procedure:

[0100] (1) Initial drying: Place the metal specimen in a drying oven at 40 °C for 30 min;

[0101] (2) Benchmark weighing: After the metal specimen has cooled, measure its initial weight m;

[0102] (3) Constant temperature treatment: Inject the deicer test solution into the medicine cylinder, and then place the medicine cylinder in a water bath at 30 °C to maintain a constant temperature;

[0103] (4) Immersion test: Hang the metal specimen on the crossbeam at the mouth of the medicine cylinder and immerse the metal specimen in the deicer test solution;

[0104] (5) Endpoint treatment: After 72 h, take out the metal specimen, rinse it with ultrapure water for 10 s, and then purge the surface liquid film with nitrogen;

[0105] (6) Treatment of corrosion products: Use a hydrochloric acid corrosion inhibitor to ultrasonically remove the corrosion products;

[0106] (7) Secondary drying: Place the metal test piece in an oven at 40 °C and dry for 30 min;

[0107] (8) Final weight determination: Measure the weight m of the metal test piece after cooling t .

[0108] 2. Data processing and calibration

[0109] (1) Calculation of metal corrosion rate:

[0110]

[0111] In the formula, R is the corrosion rate, mm / a (millimeters per year); m is the weight of the metal test piece before the test, g; m t is the weight of the metal test piece after the test, g; S is the total surface area of the metal sheet, cm 2 ; t is the test time, h; d is the density of the metal material, kg / m 3 .

[0112] (2) Parallel experiments and error control:

[0113] Set 6 parallel samples for each group of experiments, reject the data deviating from the mean value by ±2σ, and require the relative standard deviation (RSD) ≤ 5%; at the same time, set a blank control group of deionized water for calibration.

[0114] In this experiment, carbon steel was first used as the test piece and placed in the deicing agents of Examples 1-2 and Comparative Example 1 for the above corrosive experiments. The carbon steel in the experiment is as Figure 3 shown. The test solution on the left is the traditional deicing agent of Comparative Example 1, the test solution in the middle is the composite deicing agent containing pepper extract in Example 1, and the test solution on the right is the deicing agent without pepper extract in Example 2. It can be seen from the figure that obvious corrosive substances are precipitated on the carbon steel in Comparative Example 1, while the corrosion of the carbon steel in Example 1 is not obvious. There is a corrosion phenomenon in the carbon steel in Example 2, but it is weaker than that in Comparative Example 1; the carbon steel after the experiment is as Figure 4 shown. It can be seen from the figure that there are obvious corrosion marks on the carbon steel in Comparative Example 1 after cleaning, while there is only slight corrosion on the carbon steel in Example 1, and there are corrosion marks on the carbon steel in Example 2, but they are weaker than those in Comparative Example 1; the specific experimental data are shown in Table 2 below. It can be seen from the table that the composite deicing agent with pepper extract added in Example 1 has much less corrosion than the deicing agent without pepper extract in Example 2 and the traditional deicing agent in Comparative Example 1. Thus, it can be seen that the pepper extract and sodium silicate cooperate to form a film, which can form a dense silicon-polyphenol composite protective layer on the surface of carbon steel and effectively protect metal components.

[0115] Table 2: Experimental data of carbon steel corrosion amount

[0116] Formula type <![CDATA[S(cm 2 )]]> <![CDATA[d (kg / m 3 )]]> m (g) <![CDATA[m t (g)]]> R (mm / a) Example 1 9.80 7850 2.7435 2.7144 0.4602 Example 2 9.80 7850 2.7541 2.2443 8.0626 Comparative example 1 9.80 7850 2.7469 2.0422 11.1450

[0117] In this experiment, copper sheets were also used as test pieces and placed in the deicing agents of Examples 1-2 and Comparative Example 1 for the above-mentioned corrosion experiment. The copper sheets in the experiment were as Figure 5 shown, and the copper sheets after the experiment were as Figure 6 shown. The test solution on the left was the composite deicing agent containing pepper extract in Example 1, the test solution in the middle was the deicing agent without pepper extract in Example 2, and the test solution on the right was the traditional deicing agent in Comparative Example 1. It can be seen from the figure that the corrosion of the copper sheet in Example 1 was not obvious, while the copper sheets in Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 were significantly corroded. The specific experimental data are shown in Table 3 below. It can be seen from the table that the composite deicing agent with pepper extract added in Example 1 had much less corrosion than the deicing agent without pepper extract in Example 2 and the traditional deicing agent in Comparative Example 1. Thus, it can be seen that the pepper extract and sodium silicate synergistically form a film, which can form a dense silicon-polyphenol composite protective layer on the surface of the copper sheet, effectively protecting the metal components.

[0118] Table 3: Experimental data of copper sheet corrosion amount

[0119] Formula type <![CDATA[S(cm 2 )]]> <![CDATA[d(kg / m 3 )]]> m (g) <![CDATA[m t (g)]]> R (mm / a) Example 1 9.80 8500 3.6733 3.6583 0.22 Example 2 9.80 8500 3.6586 3.0422 9.00 Comparative example 1 9.80 8500 3.6769 2.7264 13.88

[0120] It should be noted that the above specific embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the applied technical principles. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, equivalent replacements, changes, etc. can be made to the present invention. However, as long as these transformations do not deviate from the spirit of the present invention, they should be within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, some terms used in the description and claims of this application are not restrictive, but are only for the convenience of description.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly pepper extract composite deicer, characterized in that: By weight, it includes the following components:

2. The environmentally friendly pepper extract composite deicer according to claim 1, characterized in that: By weight, it includes the following components:

3. The environmentally friendly pepper extract composite deicer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corrosion inhibitor is sodium silicate, the antifreeze agent is isopropyl alcohol, and the penetration enhancer is sodium sulfate.

4. The environmentally friendly pepper extract composite deicer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickener is plant gum, and the pH regulator is citric acid.

5. A method for preparing an environmentally friendly pepper extract composite deicer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. preparing pepper extract; S2. Add water to the reactor and heat to 40-50°C, add corrosion inhibitor and penetration enhancer, and stir until completely dissolved; S3, after the water temperature drops to 20-25° C., add pepper extract, polyethylene glycol 200, antifreeze agent, thickener and pH adjuster into the reaction kettle and homogenize the mixture; S4. After the homogenization treatment for 30 minutes, the material is filtered using a 0.22 μm filter membrane to obtain a deicing agent with qualified uniformity.

6. The method for preparing the environmentally friendly pepper extract composite deicer according to claim 5, characterized in that: Step S1 specifically includes: S11, select dried red pepper as raw material, remove the stem and pepper seeds, put the processed pepper into a 60°C oven and dry it to constant weight, then put the dried pepper into a grinder and grind it through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain pepper powder; S12, mixing chili powder and petroleum ether in a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10 (w / v), pouring into a Soxhlet extractor and reflux degreasing at 40° C. for 1-2 h, filtering through a Buchner funnel, discarding the filtrate, and retaining the filter residue; S13, mixing the filter residue with 95% ethanol at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10 (w / v), pouring into a Soxhlet extractor, refluxing at a temperature of 70-80° C. for 8 h, and circulating 10 times, retaining the extract; S14, adding 70% ethanol solution to the extract, placing the extract in an ultrasonic cleaning tank at 40-60° C. for 60 min, and extracting the supernatant after centrifugation; S15, pouring the supernatant into a rotary evaporator, concentrating it to a paste-like crude extract at a temperature of 40-50° C., mixing the paste-like crude extract with n-hexane at a volume ratio of 1:1 for extraction, separating the ethanol layer, and obtaining a primary extract of capsaicin; S16. The capsaicin extract was separated and purified using a C18 reverse phase chromatographic column with silica gel as the stationary phase and methanol-water (70:30, v / v) as the mobile phase according to a gradient elution procedure to obtain a high-purity pepper extract.

7. The method for preparing the environmentally friendly pepper extract composite deicer according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S4, after the material is filtered, the material uniformity is analyzed using a stability analyzer. If the TI or BSI light intensity change value of the material is stable with the sample height within 1 hour, it is considered to be qualified in uniformity.

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