Three-glass two-cavity near-zero-energy-consumption building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) glass

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of glass, and provides a three-glass two-cavity near-zero-energy-consumption BI PV glass structure. From the outdoor side to the indoor side, the photovoltaic-level ultra-white nano self-cleaning tempered glass, a hydrophilic KBE film, a cadmium telluride thin film solar chip, a heat insulation and sound insulation double-layer PVB film, ultra-white tempered three-silver Low-E glass, a first hollow cavity filled with argon, photovoltaic-level ultra-white tempered glass, a second hollow cavity filled with argon and second-layer three-silver Low-E glass are included. An SGP film and photovoltaic ultra-white toughened glass on the innermost layer. The thickness of each layer of assembly is precisely designed to ensure the structural stability. According to the glass, the problem that the surface is easy to dirty is solved through the nanometer self-cleaning technology, the energy-saving effect is improved through the multi-layer heat insulation and sound insulation design, meanwhile, the efficient photovoltaic power generation function is integrated, the defects of traditional BI PV glass in the aspects of pollution resistance, energy saving performance and service life are overcome, the near-zero-energy-consumption building standard is achieved, the maintenance cost is reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of BIPV glass, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a triple-glass two-cavity nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, stain resistance has become one of the key indicators for evaluating the performance of glass curtain walls.

[0003] Particularly noteworthy is that in the prior art, laminated products applied to positions such as rooftop sunrooms and canopies are subjected to the dual tests of long-term sunlight exposure and rain shower, resulting in easy occurrence of glue opening and bubbling at the edges of the products, and ultimately causing glass failure. At the same time, traditional single-laminated insulating products have obvious deficiencies in energy-saving performance, with insufficient sound insulation and heat insulation effects, and due to the influence of direct sunlight, additional energy consumption is required for cooling in summer and heating energy consumption needs to be increased in winter, greatly reducing their practical value. In practical applications, dirt is likely to accumulate on the surface of glass curtain walls, and usually, cleaning and maintenance need to be carried out more than twice a year; the stain resistance of glass curtain walls is poor, and manual cleaning is required frequently; pollutants such as sand and haze seriously affect the appearance of glass curtain walls; and for special application scenarios such as daylighting roofs, sunrooms, and BIPV photovoltaic curtain wall integrated systems, surface stains not only damage the visual effect but also directly reduce the daylighting performance and the power generation conversion rate of photovoltaic modules, thus affecting the overall energy efficiency. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a new type of BIPV glass product with self-cleaning function, high energy-saving performance, long service life, and stable power generation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a triple-glass two-cavity nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass, which adopts a multi-layer composite structure design, including nano self-cleaning tempered glass, hydrophilic KBE film, cadmium telluride thin-film solar chips, heat insulation and sound insulation PVB film, triple-silver Low-E glass, and double insulating cavities, etc. The nano self-cleaning technology is used to ensure no stains on the surface and improve the power generation efficiency; the KBE film is applied to prevent glue opening and bubbling at the edges; the 4SG integrated bent spacer is used to seal argon gas to enhance the energy-saving performance; the integration of Low-E glass and composite functional film meets the nearly zero-energy consumption standard, solving the problems of easy dirt, poor durability, and high energy consumption of traditional glass.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A triple-glass two-cavity nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass, the BIPV glass adopts a multi-layer composite structure design, and sequentially includes from the outdoor side to the indoor side:

[0007] The first layer is ultra-clear tempered glass;

[0008] The second layer is a hydrophilic KBE film;

[0009] The third layer is a cadmium telluride thin film solar chip;

[0010] The fourth layer includes two layers of PVB film;

[0011] The fifth layer is an ultra-clear tempered triple-silver Low-E glass;

[0012] The sixth layer is the first hollow cavity;

[0013] The seventh layer is an ultra-clear tempered glass;

[0014] The eighth layer is the second hollow cavity;

[0015] The ninth layer is an ultra-clear tempered triple-silver Low-E glass;

[0016] The tenth layer is an SGP film;

[0017] The eleventh layer is an ultra-clear tempered glass.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention, in the first layer, the ultra-clear tempered glass is a photovoltaic-grade ultra-clear nano self-cleaning tempered glass, which forms a fine concavo-convex structure by means of a nano-silica fractal combination technology and doping nano-tungsten trioxide and nano-tin oxide before tempering. The size of the fine concavo-convex structure is less than 50 nanometers, and an ultra-thin coating is cured on the fine concavo-convex structure. The ultra-thin coating is doped with Pt ultrafine particles and nano-titanium dioxide.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention, in the fourth layer, the first layer of PVB film is a heat-insulating PVB film, and the second layer of PVB film is a sound-insulating PVB film.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention, in the sixth layer, the first hollow cavity is filled with an inert gas and sealed with an aluminum strip.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention, in the seventh layer, the ultra-clear tempered glass is a photovoltaic-grade ultra-clear tempered glass.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention, in the eighth layer, the second hollow cavity is filled with an inert gas and sealed with an aluminum strip.

[0023] As a further solution of the present invention, in the eleventh layer, the ultra-clear tempered glass is a photovoltaic-grade ultra-clear tempered glass.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention, the thickness of the first layer of ultra-clear tempered glass is 8 mm, the thickness of the second layer of KBE film is 1.52 mm, the thickness of the third layer of cadmium telluride thin-film solar cell is 3.2 mm, the thickness of each layer of PVB film in the fourth layer is 0.76 mm, the thickness of the fifth layer of ultra-clear tempered triple-silver Low-E glass is 8 mm, the thickness of the sixth layer of the first hollow cavity is 12 mm, the thickness of the seventh layer of ultra-clear tempered glass is 8 mm, the thickness of the eighth layer of the second hollow cavity is 12 mm, the thickness of the ninth layer of ultra-clear tempered triple-silver Low-E glass is 8 mm, the thickness of the tenth layer of SGP film is 1.52 mm, and the thickness of the eleventh layer of ultra-clear tempered glass is 8 mm.

[0025] As a further solution of the present invention, the first layer of the triple-glazed two-chamber nearly zero-energy BIPV glass uses 8-mm ultra-clear nano self-cleaning tempered glass. Its main purpose is to ensure that the surface of the roof solarium is not easily adhered with dust and debris, thus maintaining a clean state. The implementation principle lies in the following aspects: First, based on the Flanctal principle, silica of different sizes is selected to construct a concave-convex structure with a size below 50 nm, so that the coating has long-lasting superhydrophilicity; Second, by using the composite nano-doping technology, 2-nm tin dioxide is added to improve the antistatic property of the coating; Third, pure inorganic materials are selected, so that the cured coating becomes a part of the substrate, showing high hardness, high wear resistance and good weather resistance; In addition, by compounding nano Pt-Au and tungsten oxide, the chemical resistance and hardness of the cured coating are further improved; Finally, through the 700°C high-temperature tempering process, strong adhesion and long life are ensured. At the same time, before tempering, the first layer of ultra-clear tempered glass adopts the latest nano-silica fractal combination technology and is doped with nano-tungsten trioxide and nano-tin oxide, so as to form fine concavities and convexities below 50 nm on the object surface. The cured ultra-thin coating has a hydrophilic angle of less than 5°. And due to the doping of Pt ultrafine particles with high weather resistance and high chemical resistance and nano-titanium dioxide with photocatalytic activity, the coating shows super weather resistance. Under visible light irradiation, the hydrophilicity has a self-repairing function. At the same time, the coating can also inhibit the generation of static electricity on the substrate surface, making stains not easily adhere to the substrate. Even if the adhered stains meet water, they can self-clean, so as to always maintain the light transmittance and self-cleaning property of the curtain wall glass surface and reduce the maintenance cost of the glass curtain wall.

[0026] As a further solution of the present invention, the second layer of the triple-glazed two-chamber nearly zero-energy BIPV glass uses hydrophilic KBE film, and its design aims at the long-term use effect after the surface is washed by rain. Compared with the conventional PVB material, this film can effectively avoid the bad phenomena of delamination or bubbles at the edge of the interlayer, thus improving the stability and durability of the structure.

[0027] As a further solution of the present invention, the third layer of the triple-glazed two-cavity nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass adopts a cadmium telluride thin-film solar chip, which has the best weak-light power generation performance, the lowest carbon emission, little influence of water vapor in the air on the power generation performance, the least cadmium emission and is the safest and most environmentally friendly, the least high-temperature loss, and the best mechanical elasticity. Through these characteristics, this layer provides the present invention with efficient photovoltaic power generation ability.

[0028] As a further solution of the present invention, the fourth layer of the triple-glazed two-cavity nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass adopts two layers of 0.76-mm PVB, one of which is heat-insulating PVB and the other is sound-insulating PVB. The main function of these films is to ensure that the heat generated during the power generation process of the cadmium telluride solar chip will not be conducted to the entire curtain wall glass, resulting in the glass temperature rise, thereby reducing energy consumption increase. Among them, the first layer of 0.76-mm heat-insulating PVB can isolate the heat energy brought by cadmium telluride power generation and outdoor sunlight, while the second layer of 0.76-mm sound-insulating PVB effectively isolates external noise to improve the comfort of the indoor environment. In specific implementation, the thickness of each layer of PVB film in the fourth layer is 0.76 mm.

[0029] As a further solution of the present invention, the fifth layer of the triple-glazed two-cavity nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass adopts 8-mm ultra-clear tempered triple-silver Low-E glass, and its design goal is to achieve ultra-low energy consumption. Through the action of the low-emissivity coating, this layer significantly reduces heat transfer, thereby improving the overall energy-saving effect.

[0030] As a further solution of the present invention, the sixth layer of the triple-glazed two-cavity nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass has a 12-mm hollow cavity, and the aluminum strip used is a 4SG one-piece bent spacer. The hollow cavity is filled with an inert gas, specifically argon, and is sealed by a 4SG one-piece bent spacer, thereby enhancing the heat insulation and energy-saving performance.

[0031] As a further solution of the present invention, the ultra-clear tempered glass used in the seventh layer of the triple-glazed two-cavity nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass is photovoltaic-grade ultra-clear tempered glass, which is characterized by better permeability, so the daylighting effect is better. While supporting indoor daylighting, this layer maintains the integrity of the structure.

[0032] As a further solution of the present invention, the second hollow cavity of the triple-glazed two-cavity nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass is 12 mm, and the aluminum strip used is a 4SG one-piece bent spacer. Similar to the sixth layer, the hollow cavity is filled with an inert gas, argon is selected, and is sealed by a 4SG one-piece bent spacer to further improve the energy-saving performance.

[0033] As a further solution of the present invention, the ninth layer of the triple-glazed double-chamber nearly zero-energy B IPV glass uses 8-mm ultra-clear tempered triple-silver Low-E glass, which acts together with the fifth layer to achieve the purpose of ultra-low energy consumption. Through its low-emissivity characteristics, this layer effectively reduces heat loss.

[0034] As a further solution of the present invention, the tenth layer of the triple-glazed double-chamber nearly zero-energy B IPV glass uses 1.52-mm SGP. Its design purpose is to ensure that the laminated glass on the indoor side does not fall off after being damaged by external forces, while not affecting the use effect, thereby improving the safety of the glass on the indoor side.

[0035] As a further solution of the present invention, the ultra-clear tempered glass used in the eleventh layer of the triple-glazed double-chamber nearly zero-energy B IPV glass is photovoltaic-grade ultra-clear tempered glass, which has better permeability and better daylighting effect. As the external protective layer on the indoor side, this layer supports daylighting and maintains structural stability.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of a triple-glazed double-chamber nearly zero-energy B IPV glass of the present invention are as follows:

[0037] The triple-glazed double-chamber nearly zero-energy BIPV glass of the present invention adopts nano self-cleaning film technology and hydrophilic KBE film on the outdoor side, forming an efficient self-cleaning protection system, and having the advantages of waterproof, explosion-proof, sun-proof and glue-free. By applying nano-silica fractal combination technology and doping nano-tungsten trioxide and nano-tin oxide, a fine concave-convex structure with a size below 50 nm is formed on the surface, so that the cured coating has a hydrophilic angle of less than 5°, realizing the characteristics that stains are not easy to adhere and self-clean when encountering water. The surfaces of traditional glass curtain walls and BIPV products are easy to attach stains and need to be frequently cleaned manually, which not only increases the maintenance cost, but also significantly reduces the power generation efficiency due to the dust and stains on the surface of photovoltaic modules, seriously affecting the aesthetics and functionality of buildings.

[0038] The present invention uses a 4SG one-time formed and bent middle spacer to seal the double insulating cavities filled with argon, effectively avoiding the problem of gas leakage; and combines triple-silver Low-E glass, heat-insulating and sound-insulating PVB film and cadmium telluride thin-film solar chips to form a complete energy-saving power generation system. Traditional single-laminated insulating products perform poorly in terms of energy-saving effect, and the edges are prone to glue opening and bubbling due to long-term exposure to sunlight and rain washing, resulting in structural failure; at the same time, the heat-insulating and sound-insulating performance is insufficient, so that buildings consume more energy for cooling in summer and heating in winter. The combined design of the present invention meets the nearly zero-energy standard of the "General Code for Building Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Utilization GB 55015-2021", greatly improving the overall performance and practical value of BIPV glass. Description of the Drawings

[0039] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the nano self-cleaning coating structure of the first layer of ultra-clear tempered glass of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the working principle of the nano self-cleaning coating of the first layer of ultra-clear tempered glass of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the parameter requirements of nearly zero energy consumption BIPV glass in "General Code for Building Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Utilization" GB 55015-2021.

[0042] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the product combination of a three-glass two-cavity nearly zero energy consumption BIPV glass of the present invention. Specific implementation mode

[0043] Next, the technical solutions in this embodiment will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] Embodiment 1

[0045] A three-glass two-cavity nearly zero energy consumption BIPV glass, the BIPV glass adopts a multi-layer composite structure design, and sequentially includes from the outdoor side to the indoor side:

[0046] The first layer is ultra-clear tempered glass, and the ultra-clear tempered glass is photovoltaic-grade ultra-clear nano self-cleaning tempered glass;

[0047] The second layer is hydrophilic KBE film;

[0048] The third layer is a cadmium telluride thin film solar cell;

[0049] The fourth layer includes two layers of PVB film, wherein the first layer of PVB film is heat-insulating PVB film, and the second layer of PVB film is sound-insulating PVB film;

[0050] The fifth layer is ultra-clear tempered triple-silver Low-E glass;

[0051] The sixth layer is the first hollow cavity, and the first hollow cavity is filled with inert gas and sealed by an aluminum strip;

[0052] The seventh layer is ultra-clear tempered glass, and the ultra-clear tempered glass is photovoltaic-grade ultra-clear tempered glass;

[0053] The eighth layer is the second hollow cavity, and the second hollow cavity is filled with inert gas and sealed by an aluminum strip;

[0054] The ninth layer is ultra-clear tempered triple-silver Low-E glass;

[0055] The tenth layer is an SGP film;

[0056] The eleventh layer is ultra-clear tempered glass, and the ultra-clear tempered glass is ultra-clear tempered glass for photovoltaic applications.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the first layer of ultra-clear tempered glass is 8 mm, the thickness of the second layer of KBE film is 1.52 mm, the thickness of the third layer of cadmium telluride thin-film solar cells is 3.2 mm, the thickness of each layer of PVB film in the fourth layer is 0.76 mm, the thickness of the fifth layer of ultra-clear tempered triple-silver Low-E glass is 8 mm, the thickness of the sixth layer of the first hollow cavity is 12 mm, the thickness of the seventh layer of ultra-clear tempered glass is 8 mm, the thickness of the eighth layer of the second hollow cavity is 12 mm, the thickness of the ninth layer of ultra-clear tempered triple-silver Low-E glass is 8 mm, the thickness of the tenth layer of SGP film is 1.52 mm, and the thickness of the eleventh layer of ultra-clear tempered glass is 8 mm.

[0058] As Figure 1 shown is a schematic diagram of the nano self-cleaning coating structure of the first layer of ultra-clear tempered glass of the present invention, presenting the structural relationship and process flow between the nano coating and the glass substrate. The nano coating adheres to the glass surface to form an initial composite structure. After being treated by high-temperature tempering and room-temperature curing processes, a functional glass with self-cleaning function is finally formed on the right side.

[0059] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first layer of the triple-glass two-cavity nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass uses 8-mm ultra-clear nano self-cleaning tempered glass. Its main purpose is to ensure that the surface of the rooftop sunroom is not easily adhered with dust and debris, thus maintaining a clean state. The realization principle lies in the following aspects: First, based on the Flanctal principle, silica of different sizes is selected to construct a concavo-convex structure with a size below 50 nm, so that the coating has long-lasting super-hydrophilicity; Second, by using the composite nano-doping technology, 2-nm tin dioxide is added to improve the antistatic property of the coating; Third, pure inorganic materials are selected, so that the cured coating becomes a part of the substrate, showing high hardness, high wear resistance and good weather resistance; In addition, by compounding nano Pt gold and tungsten oxide, the chemical resistance and hardness of the cured coating are further improved; Finally, through the 700°C high-temperature tempering process, strong adhesion and long life are ensured. At the same time, before tempering, the first layer of ultra-clear tempered glass adopts the latest nano-silica fractal combination technology and is doped with nano-tungsten trioxide and nano-tin oxide, so as to form fine concavo-convex structures below 50 nm on the object surface. The cured ultra-thin coating has a hydrophilic angle of less than 5°. And due to the doping of Pt ultrafine particles with high weather resistance and high chemical resistance and nano-titanium dioxide with photocatalytic activity, the coating shows super weather resistance. Under visible light irradiation, the hydrophilicity has a self-repair function. At the same time, the coating can also inhibit the generation of static electricity on the substrate surface, making stains not easily adhere to the substrate. Even if the adhered stains encounter water, they can self-clean, so as to always maintain the light transmittance and self-cleaning property of the curtain wall glass surface and reduce the maintenance cost of the glass curtain wall.

[0060] Such as Figure 2The figure shows the working principle of the first layer of ultra-white tempered glass nano self-cleaning coating. After the super-hydrophilic nano coating is applied to the surface of the substrate, it immediately plays its functional role. The coated surface can actively absorb moisture in the air and form a uniform water film layer. This feature is due to the nano-silicon dioxide fractal combination technology and the doped nano-tungsten trioxide and nano-tin oxide. These materials form a fine concave-convex structure below 50nm on the surface of the object, so that the cured ultra-thin coating has a hydrophilic angle of less than 5°, thus showing excellent water absorption performance. When organic dirt and inorganic dirt come into contact with the glass surface, the dirt cannot directly contact the glass surface because the surface of the substrate is covered with a water film, but floats on the water film. This anti-fouling mechanism is due to the combined effect of the highly weather-resistant and highly chemical-resistant Pt ultrafine particles doped in the coating and the photocatalytically active nano-titanium dioxide, which enables the coating to suppress the generation of static electricity on the surface of the substrate and significantly reduce the possibility of stain attachment. When rainwater falls on the coated surface, the water will condense with the water film under the dirt, further enhancing the buoyancy effect, making the dirt float more and completely detach from the glass surface. Finally, as the rain continues to wash away the water film and dirt, the water flow will wash away the water film and dirt together, achieving a self-cleaning effect. This working mechanism enables the glass curtain wall of the present invention to maintain a self-cleaning state under natural environmental conditions, maintain good light transmittance and aesthetics, and significantly reduce the maintenance cost of frequent cleaning of traditional glass curtain walls.

[0061] The second layer of the three-glass two-cavity near-zero energy consumption BIPV glass in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a hydrophilic KBE film, which is designed for the long-term use effect after the surface is washed by rain. Compared with conventional PVB materials, this film can effectively avoid the undesirable phenomenon of debonding or bubbles at the edge of the interlayer, thereby improving the stability and durability of the structure.

[0062] The third layer of the three-glass two-cavity near-zero energy consumption BIPV glass in the embodiment of the present invention uses cadmium telluride thin-film solar chips, which have the best weak light power generation performance, the lowest carbon emissions, little effect of water vapor in the air on power generation performance, the least cadmium emissions and the most safe and environmentally friendly, the least high-temperature loss and the best mechanical elasticity. Through these characteristics, this layer provides the present invention with efficient photovoltaic power generation capabilities

[0063] In the embodiment of the present invention, the fourth layer of the triple-glazed two-chamber nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass uses two layers of 0.76-mm PVB, one of which is heat-insulating PVB and the other is sound-insulating PVB. The main function of these films is to ensure that the heat generated during the power generation process of the cadmium telluride solar chips will not be conducted to the entire curtain wall glass, resulting in glass heating up, thereby reducing energy consumption increase. Among them, the first layer of 0.76-mm heat-insulating PVB can isolate the heat energy brought by cadmium telluride power generation and outdoor sunlight, while the second layer of 0.76-mm sound-insulating PVB effectively isolates external noises to improve the comfort of the indoor environment. In specific implementation, the thickness of each PVB film in the fourth layer is 0.76 mm.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present invention, the fifth layer of the triple-glazed two-chamber nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass uses 8-mm ultra-clear tempered triple-silver Low-E glass, and its design goal is to achieve ultra-low energy consumption. Through the function of the low-emissivity coating, this layer significantly reduces heat transfer, thereby improving the overall energy-saving effect.

[0065] In the embodiment of the present invention, the sixth layer of the triple-glazed two-chamber nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass has a 12-mm hollow cavity, and the aluminum strip used is a 4SG one-piece bent spacer to ensure that the hollow layer avoids disqualification caused by argon leakage, and at the same time, filling the hollow layer with argon is more energy-saving.

[0066] In the embodiment of the present invention, the ultra-clear tempered glass used in the seventh layer of the triple-glazed two-chamber nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass is photovoltaic-grade ultra-clear tempered glass, which is characterized by better permeability, so the daylighting effect is better. While supporting indoor daylighting, this layer maintains the integrity of the structure.

[0067] In the embodiment of the present invention, the second hollow cavity of the triple-glazed two-chamber nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass is 12 mm, and the aluminum strip used is a 4SG one-piece bent spacer. Similar to the sixth layer, this hollow cavity is filled with an inert gas, argon is selected, and is sealed by a 4SG one-piece bent spacer to further improve the energy-saving performance.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present invention, the ninth layer of the triple-glazed two-chamber nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass uses 8-mm ultra-clear tempered triple-silver Low-E glass, which works together with the fifth layer to achieve the goal of ultra-low energy consumption. Through its low-emissivity characteristics, this layer effectively reduces heat loss.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present invention, the tenth layer of the triple-glazed two-chamber nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass uses 1.52-mm SGP. Its design purpose is to ensure that the indoor-side laminated glass does not fall off after being damaged by external force, and at the same time does not affect the use effect, thereby improving the safety of the indoor-side glass.

[0070] The ultra-clear tempered glass used in the eleventh layer of the triple-glazed two-chamber nearly zero-energy B IPV glass in the embodiments of the present invention is photovoltaic-grade ultra-clear tempered glass, which has better transparency and superior daylighting effect. As the external protective layer on the indoor side, this layer supports daylighting and maintains structural stability.

[0071] Table 1 shows the optical performance parameters of the triple-glazed two-chamber nearly zero-energy B IPV glass of the present invention. The optical performance indexes of the glass product structure "8mm ultra-clear nano self-cleaning tempered glass + 1.52KBE film + 3.2mm cadmium telluride + 8mm ultra-clear tempered Low-E + 12Ar + 8mm ultra-clear + 12Ar + 8mm ultra-clear tempered glass + 1.52mm SGP + 8mm ultra-clear semi-tempered glass" are recorded, including:

[0072] Visible light performance: The transmittance is 53%, the external surface reflectance is 14%, and the internal surface reflectance is 19%. This indicates that this glass structure effectively controls the light reflection phenomenon while ensuring sufficient indoor daylighting.

[0073] Solar energy performance: The transmittance is 25%, the reflectance is 40%, and the absorptance is 32%. This means that this glass structure can effectively block most of the solar radiation energy and reduce the heat load of the building.

[0074] Thermal performance: When filled with argon, the K value (heat transfer coefficient) is 0.98W / (m 2 ·K), indicating that this glass structure has excellent heat insulation performance, indicating that the hollow cavity filled with argon significantly reduces the heat transfer coefficient and improves the heat insulation performance.

[0075] Sunshade performance: The SC (shading coefficient) is 0.34, the SHGC (solar heat gain coefficient) is 0.29, and the relative heat gain is 221W / ㎡. These indexes indicate that this glass structure has excellent sunshade effect, can significantly reduce the indoor temperature rise caused by direct sunlight, and thus reduce the cooling energy consumption of the building.

[0076] The K value of the triple-glazed two-chamber nearly zero-energy B IPV glass in the embodiments of the present invention is 0.98W / (m 2 ·K), the SC is 0.34, and the SHGC is 0.29. This combination significantly reduces the heat inflow and loss, meeting the requirements of the nearly zero-energy BIPV glass in the "GB 55015-2021 General Code for Building Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Utilization" as shown. Figure 3

[0077] Table 1 Product optical performance parameters:

[0078]

[0079] ​

[0080] Table 2 shows the power generation efficiency performance parameters of the triple-glass double-cavity nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass of the present invention.

[0081] Power Generation Efficiency Performance Parameters of Table 2

[0082]

[0083] The chip light transmittance of the triple-glass double-cavity nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass is 60%, which indicates that while maintaining a certain power generation efficiency, the glass still allows sufficient natural light to pass through, meeting the building lighting requirements and realizing the effective combination of photovoltaic power generation and building functions.

[0084] The maximum power of the triple-glass double-cavity nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass is 41.04 W (±5%), indicating that the present invention has a relatively high single-chip power generation capacity and is suitable for building scenarios such as rooftop sunrooms; the maximum power point voltage is 96.8 V; the maximum power point current is 0.46 A, indicating that the present invention can operate efficiently under high voltage and low current conditions and is suitable for integration with building electrical systems; the open-circuit voltage is 121.4 V (±5%), which represents the maximum voltage of the solar chip when not connected to a load and reflects the theoretical power generation potential of the chip. This relatively high open-circuit voltage value verifies the excellent performance of the third-layer cadmium telluride thin-film solar chip under low-light conditions; the short-circuit current is 0.46 A (±5%), which represents the maximum current of the solar chip in the short-circuit state and is consistent with the maximum power point current, indicating that the chip has stable current output under standard test conditions and has good current characteristics; the above data reflect the electrical characteristics of the module under standard test conditions and meet the technical indicators of professional photovoltaic modules.

[0085] The power generation per unit area of the triple-glass double-cavity nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass is 41.04 W / h, which reflects the power generation capacity of the solar chip per unit area under standard test conditions and is consistent with the maximum power, indicating that the present invention achieves efficient photovoltaic energy conversion per unit area; when there is shading on the outer sheet, the power generation reduction efficiency of the triple-glass double-cavity nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass is 10%, which represents the reduction ratio of power generation when the surface of the first layer or the outer layer of glass is blocked by dust, stains, etc. Since the first-layer ultra-white nano self-cleaning tempered glass realizes the self-cleaning function through a nano-coating, this reduction efficiency is relatively low, verifying the excellent anti-fouling performance of the present invention in practical applications and the small influence of the power generation efficiency by the outside world; the actual power generation per unit area of the triple-glass double-cavity nearly zero-energy consumption BIPV glass is 36.94 W / h. This data reflects the power generation performance of the BIPV module in the actual application environment.

[0086] Based on the above parameters, it can be seen that the three-glass two-cavity nearly zero-energy B IPV glass of the present invention not only has good optical properties to meet the building lighting requirements, but also has excellent heat insulation and sunshading effects, can effectively reduce building energy consumption, and meets the technical requirements of nearly zero-energy buildings.

[0087] Example 2

[0088] Figure 4 The multi-layer composite structure of the three-glass two-cavity nearly zero-energy B IPV glass in the embodiment of the present invention is shown from the outdoor side to the indoor side, and successively includes:

[0089] The first layer is 8-mm ultra-clear nano self-cleaning tempered glass. The surface is formed with a fine concavo-convex structure and an ultra-thin coating below 50 nm through the nano-silica fractal combination technology doped with nano-tungsten trioxide, nano-tin oxide, Pt ultrafine particles and nano-titanium dioxide, and cured by a high-temperature tempering process at 700 °C, having long-lasting super-hydrophilicity, antistatic property and self-cleaning function;

[0090] The second layer is 1.52-mm KBE film, ensuring the stability of the sandwich structure and the rain resistance performance, and avoiding edge delamination or bubble phenomena;

[0091] The third layer is 3.2-mm cadmium telluride thin film solar chip, realizing the function of high-efficiency photovoltaic power generation

[0092] The fourth layer includes two layers of 0.76-mm PVB film, one of which is heat-insulating PVB and the other is sound-insulating PVB, respectively isolating heat energy and external noise;

[0093] The fifth layer is 8-mm ultra-clear tempered triple-silver Low-E glass, reducing heat transfer to achieve ultra-low energy consumption

[0094] The sixth layer is 12-mm first hollow cavity, filled with argon and sealed by a 4SG one-piece bent spacer;

[0095] The seventh layer is 8-mm photovoltaic-grade ultra-clear tempered glass, optimizing the lighting effect;

[0096] The eighth layer is 12-mm second hollow cavity, filled with argon and sealed by a 4SG one-piece bent spacer;

[0097] The ninth layer is 8-mm ultra-clear tempered triple-silver Low-E glass, further improving the energy-saving performance;

[0098] The tenth layer is 1.52-mm SGP film, ensuring that the fragments do not fall off when the indoor-side glass is broken, maintaining safety and usage effect;

[0099] The eleventh layer is 8-mm photovoltaic-grade ultra-clear tempered glass, improving the indoor lighting performance.

[0100] As described above, it is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the said claims.

[0101] Finally: The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-glass two-cavity near-zero energy consumption BIPV glass, characterized in that: The BIPV glass adopts a multi-layer composite structure design, which includes the following from the outdoor side to the indoor side: The first layer is ultra-clear tempered glass; The second layer is a hydrophilic KBE film; The third layer is a cadmium telluride thin-film solar chip; The fourth layer includes two layers of PVB film; The fifth layer is ultra-clear tempered triple-silver Low-E glass; The sixth layer is the first hollow cavity; The seventh floor is made of ultra-clear tempered glass; The eighth layer is the second hollow cavity; The ninth layer is ultra-clear tempered triple-silver Low-E glass; The tenth layer is SGP film; The eleventh floor is made of ultra-white tempered glass.

2. The three-glass two-cavity near-zero energy consumption BIPV glass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the first layer, the ultra-white tempered glass is a photovoltaic-grade ultra-white nano self-cleaning tempered glass, which forms a micro-concave-convex structure through nano-silicon dioxide fractal combination technology and doping with nano-tungsten trioxide and nano-tin oxide before tempering. The size of the micro-concave-convex structure is less than 50 nanometers, and an ultra-thin coating is solidified on the micro-concave-convex structure. The ultra-thin coating is doped with Pt ultrafine particles and nano-titanium dioxide.

3. The three-glass two-cavity near-zero energy consumption BIPV glass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the fourth layer, the first layer of PVB film is a heat-insulating PVB film, and the second layer of PVB film is a sound-insulating PVB film.

4. The three-glass two-cavity near-zero energy consumption BIPV glass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the sixth layer, the first hollow cavity is filled with an inert gas and sealed by an aluminum strip.

5. The three-glass two-cavity near-zero energy consumption BIPV glass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the seventh layer, the ultra-white tempered glass is photovoltaic-grade ultra-white tempered glass.

6. The three-glass two-cavity near-zero energy consumption BIPV glass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the eighth layer, the second hollow cavity is filled with an inert gas and sealed by an aluminum strip.

7. The three-glass two-cavity near-zero energy consumption BIPV glass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the eleventh layer, the ultra-white tempered glass is photovoltaic-grade ultra-white tempered glass.

8. The three-glass two-cavity near-zero energy consumption BIPV glass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thickness of the first layer of ultra-white tempered glass is 8 mm, the thickness of the second layer of KBE film is 1.52 mm, the thickness of the third layer of cadmium telluride thin-film solar chip is 3.2 mm, the thickness of each layer of PVB film in the fourth layer is 0.76 mm, the thickness of the fifth layer of ultra-white tempered triple-silver Low-E glass is 8 mm, the thickness of the sixth layer of the first hollow cavity is 12 mm, the thickness of the seventh layer of ultra-white tempered glass is 8 mm, the thickness of the eighth layer of the second hollow cavity is 12 mm, the thickness of the ninth layer of ultra-white tempered triple-silver Low-E glass is 8 mm, the thickness of the tenth layer of SGP film is 1.52 mm, and the thickness of the eleventh layer of ultra-white tempered glass is 8 mm.

9. The three-glass two-cavity near-zero energy consumption BIPV glass according to claim 5, characterized in that: The aluminum strip in the first hollow cavity of the sixth layer is a 4SG integrally bent spacer strip, and the inert gas is argon.

10. The three-glass two-cavity near-zero energy consumption BIPV glass according to claim 6, characterized in that: The aluminum strip in the second hollow cavity of the eighth layer is a 4SG integrally bent spacer strip, and the inert gas is argon.

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