Pretreatment equipment for extracting pectin from straw

Abstract

The invention discloses pretreatment equipment for extracting pectin from straw, and belongs to the technical field of pectin extraction.The pretreatment equipment specifically comprises first-stage dehydration equipment, first-stage crushing equipment, second-stage dehydration equipment and second-stage crushing equipment, the discharging end of the first-stage dehydration equipment is connected with the feeding end of the first-stage crushing equipment, and the discharging end of the second-stage crushing equipment is connected with the discharging end of the second-stage crushing equipment; the discharging end of the first-stage crushing equipment is connected with the feeding end of the second-stage dehydration equipment, and the discharging end of the second-stage dehydration equipment is connected with the discharging end of the second-stage crushing equipment; compared with the prior art, the mode that straw is pretreated through first-stage dehydration, first-stage crushing, second-stage dehydration and second-stage crushing is adopted, a traditional manual natural airing mode is replaced, the crushing efficiency and the crushing effect of the straw are improved, the pectin extraction efficiency is improved, and manual physical labor is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of pectin extraction, and particularly relates to a pretreatment device for extracting pectin from straw. Background Art

[0002] Pectin is a natural high-molecular polysaccharide, mainly existing in the secondary cell wall of plants, especially in citrus peels, apple pomace and other fruits with relatively high content. Its core component is galacturonic acid, which has properties such as gelling, thickening, and stabilizing, and is an important raw material in industries such as food, medicine, and cosmetics.

[0003] Straw is the main by-product of crops, with an annual global output of over 1 billion tons. Traditional treatment methods lead to environmental pollution and resource waste. In order to reduce pollution and resource waste, straw can be used to extract pectin, which can not only reduce pollution but also convert waste into high-value products, meeting the goals of circular economy and "dual carbon". However, in the process of using straw to extract pectin, generally, after soaking and cleaning the straw, it is necessary to evenly spread the straw on the ground for drying, which not only requires manual turning but also takes a long time, affecting the efficiency of pectin extraction from straw and increasing the physical labor of workers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the problems raised in the above background art, the present invention provides a pretreatment device for extracting pectin from straw, which has the characteristics of improving the crushing efficiency and crushing effect of straw, thereby improving the pectin extraction efficiency and saving labor.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A pretreatment device for extracting pectin from straw, including a primary dehydration device, a primary crushing device, a secondary dehydration device, and a secondary crushing device. The discharge end of the primary dehydration device is connected to the feed end of the primary crushing device, the discharge end of the primary crushing device is connected to the feed end of the secondary dehydration device, and the discharge end of the secondary dehydration device is connected to the discharge end of the secondary crushing device; The secondary dehydration device includes a drying box, and a plurality of layers of conveyor belts are arranged in the drying box. A material disturbing mechanism and a hot air mechanism are arranged above the conveyor belts; The material disturbing mechanism includes a fixed rod and a material disturbing rod. The fixed rod is arranged above the conveyor belt, the material disturbing rod is suspended above the conveyor belt and fixedly connected to the fixed rod, and a material disturbing plate is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the material disturbing rod; The hot air mechanism includes a hot air pipe, which is arranged above the conveyor belt and fixedly connected to the fixed rod. The hot air pipe is fixedly communicated with a feeding drying pipe, a conveying drying pipe, and a discharging drying rod, and hot air nozzles are arranged on the feeding drying pipe, the conveying drying pipe, and the discharging drying pipe.

[0006] Preferably, the primary dehydration device is a roll press or a centrifugal dehydrator, the primary crushing device is a blade shear crusher, a double-shaft shredder or a screw extrusion crusher, and the secondary crushing device is a hammer mill, an ultrafine powder mill or a pair-roll crusher.

[0007] Preferably, a plurality of fixing rods are provided, and the plurality of fixing rods are arranged at intervals along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt. A plurality of material disturbing rods are provided on the fixing rods, and the plurality of material disturbing rods are distributed at intervals on the fixing rods, and the material disturbing rods on adjacent two fixing rods are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0008] Preferably, a feed trough is provided on one side of the top of the drying box, and a discharge trough is provided on one side of the bottom of the drying box.

[0009] Preferably, a material collecting hopper fixedly connected to the drying box is provided above the conveyor belt, and the discharge port of the material collecting hopper is smaller than the feed port of the material collecting hopper and the conveying width of the conveyor belt.

[0010] Preferably, a material blocking cover is fixedly connected between the feed trough and the uppermost material collecting hopper and between adjacent material collecting hoppers.

[0011] Preferably, a shaking and loosening mechanism is further included for shaking and loosening the straw. The shaking and loosening mechanism includes a shaking and loosening plate, the shaking and loosening plate is arranged inside the material blocking cover between adjacent material collecting hoppers, one end of the shaking and loosening plate is rotationally connected to the material blocking cover through a rotating shaft, and a reciprocating vibration assembly is arranged below the shaking and loosening plate for driving the shaking and loosening plate to perform reciprocating up and down vibration centered on the rotating shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the reciprocating vibration assembly includes a reduction motor, a driving shaft and an eccentric wheel. The reduction motor is fixedly connected to the outside of the drying box, the output shaft of the reduction motor is fixedly connected to the driving shaft, one end of the driving shaft penetrates into the material blocking cover and is rotationally connected to the material blocking cover, and an eccentric wheel in contact with the lower surface of the shaking and loosening plate is fixedly connected to the driving shaft.

[0013] Preferably, a return spring is further included, the return spring is arranged below the shaking and loosening plate, one end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the shaking and loosening plate, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the material collecting hopper.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention adopts a method of pre-treating straw by primary dehydration, primary crushing, secondary dehydration and secondary crushing, replacing the traditional method of natural drying by hand. It not only improves the crushing efficiency and crushing effect of straw, improves the extraction efficiency of pectin, but also saves the manual physical labor.

[0015] 2. Through the drying box, the material disturbing mechanism and the hot air mechanism provided by the present invention, during the transportation of the preliminarily crushed straw, the straw piled up on the conveyor belt is forced to be dispersed into multiple channels, so as to better perform the drying operation on the transported straw and improve the drying efficiency of the straw.

[0016] 3. Through the material collecting hopper and the material blocking cover provided by the present invention, it can effectively block the falling straw, making it easier for the splashing straw to fall on the conveyor belt. Thus, it can better enable the conveyor belt to transport the straw, avoid the straw from scattering inside the drying box, wasting resources, and it is also difficult to clean the scattered straw.

[0017] 4. Through the shaking and dispersing mechanism provided by the present invention, the straw falling on the shaking and dispersing plate vibrates along with the shaking and dispersing plate, and as it vibrates, the straw falls off the shaking and dispersing plate. During the process of the straw colliding with the shaking and dispersing plate, it can turn over the straw, making it easier to dry the straw. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the process of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view I of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view II of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic front sectional view of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic side sectional view of the present invention; In the figure: 1, drying box; 2, conveyor belt; 3, material disturbing mechanism; 31, fixed rod; 32, material disturbing rod; 33, material disturbing plate; 4, hot air mechanism; 41, hot air pipe; 42, feeding and drying pipe; 43, conveying and drying pipe; 44, discharging and drying pipe; 45, hot air nozzle; 5, material collecting hopper; 6, material blocking cover; 7, shaking and dispersing mechanism; 71, shaking and dispersing plate; 72, driving shaft; 73, eccentric wheel; 74, return spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Embodiment 1 Please refer to Figures 1-5 , this embodiment provides the following technical solution: A pretreatment device for extracting pectin from straw, including a primary dehydration device, a primary crushing device, a secondary dehydration device, and a secondary crushing device. The discharge end of the primary dehydration device is connected to the feed end of the primary crushing device, the discharge end of the primary crushing device is connected to the feed end of the secondary dehydration device, and the discharge end of the secondary dehydration device is connected to the discharge end of the secondary crushing device.

[0021] In some embodiments, by adopting the method of pretreating straw through primary dehydration, primary crushing, secondary dehydration, and secondary crushing, it replaces the traditional method of natural drying by hand. This not only improves the crushing efficiency and effect of straw, enhances the extraction efficiency of pectin, but also saves the physical labor of workers.

[0022] In some embodiments, the primary dehydration device is a roll press dehydrator or a centrifugal dehydrator, the primary crushing device is a blade shear crusher, a double-shaft shredder, or a screw extrusion crusher, and the secondary crushing device is a hammer mill, an ultrafine powder mill, or a pair-roll crusher. According to the usage environment and requirements, appropriate equipment can be reasonably used to better complete the pretreatment operation of straw.

[0023] As Figure 4 shown, the secondary dehydration device includes a drying box 1. A feed trough is arranged on the left side of the top of the drying box 1, a discharge trough is arranged on the right side of the bottom of the drying box 1, and multiple conveyor belts 2 are arranged inside the drying box 1. In some embodiments, the multiple conveyor belts 2 cooperate together to form an "S"-shaped channel for transporting straw, delaying the time of the straw in the drying box 1 and making it easier to dry the straw.

[0024] In some embodiments, the front ends of the left end conveyor shafts on all conveyor belts 2 penetrate to the outside of the drying box 1. Support belt pulleys are fixedly connected to the front ends of all conveyor shafts. A reduction motor is fixedly connected to the drying box 1, and a main belt pulley is also fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reduction motor. The main belt pulley is connected to all support belt pulleys through belt drive.

[0025] As Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown in the figure, a material disturbing mechanism 3 and a hot air mechanism 4 are arranged above the conveyor belt 2; a fixed rod 31 is arranged above the conveyor belt 2, a material disturbing rod 32 is suspended above the conveyor belt 2 and fixedly connected to the fixed rod 31, and a material disturbing plate 33 is fixedly connected to one side of the upper bottom of the material disturbing rod 32. By arranging the material disturbing rod 32 and the material disturbing plate 33, during the process of the conveyor belt 2 conveying the preliminarily crushed straw, the straw piled up on the conveyor belt 2 can be forced to be dispersed into multiple channels, so as to better perform the drying operation on the conveyed straw and improve the drying efficiency of the straw.

[0026] In some embodiments, there are multiple fixed rods 31, and the multiple fixed rods 31 are arranged at intervals along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 2. There are multiple material disturbing rods 32 on the fixed rods 31, and the multiple material disturbing rods 32 are distributed at intervals on the fixed rods 31. The material disturbing rods 32 on adjacent two fixed rods 31 are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0027] As Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown in the figure, the hot air mechanism 4 includes a hot air pipe 41. The hot air pipe 41 is arranged above the conveyor belt 2 and fixedly connected to the fixed rod 31. An upper feeding drying pipe 42, a conveying drying pipe 43 and a lower discharging drying pipe are fixedly communicated with the hot air pipe 41. Hot air nozzles 45 are arranged on the upper feeding drying pipe 42, the conveying drying pipe 43 and the lower discharging drying pipe 44. By arranging the hot air nozzles 45, the straw during the conveying process can be dried.

[0028] In some embodiments, the upper feeding drying pipe 42 is arranged above the upper feeding end of the conveyor belt 2, and the hot air nozzles 45 on the upper feeding drying pipe 42 are arranged obliquely upward for drying the straw during the process of falling on the upper feeding end of the conveyor belt 2. The lower discharging drying pipe 44 is arranged above the lower discharging end of the conveyor belt 2, and the hot air nozzles 45 on the lower discharging drying pipe 44 are arranged obliquely upward for drying the straw during the process of falling from the lower discharging end of the conveyor belt 2. The conveying drying pipe 43 is arranged between the upper feeding drying pipe 42 and the lower discharging drying pipe 44, and the hot air nozzles 45 on the conveying drying pipe 43 face the conveyor belt 2 for drying the straw during the conveying process of the conveyor belt 2.

[0029] As Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown in the figure, above the conveyor belt 2, a material collecting hopper 5 fixedly connected to the drying box 1 is provided. The outlet of the material collecting hopper 5 is smaller than the inlet of the material collecting hopper 5 and the conveying width of the conveyor belt 2. A baffle cover 6 is fixedly connected between the feeding trough and the uppermost material collecting hopper 5 and between adjacent material collecting hoppers 5. By providing the material collecting hopper 5 and the baffle cover 6, the falling straw can be effectively blocked, and it is easier for the splashing straw to fall on the conveyor belt 2, so that the conveyor belt 2 can better convey the straw, avoiding the straw from scattering inside the drying box 1, wasting resources, and it is also difficult to clean up the scattered straw.

[0030] In some embodiments, the material collecting hopper 5 is arranged in an inverted conical hollow structure, and the baffle cover 6 is arranged in a U shape.

[0031] Embodiment 2 Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, it further includes a shaking mechanism 7 for shaking the straw. The shaking mechanism 7 includes a shaking plate 71. The shaking plate 71 is arranged inside the baffle cover 6 between adjacent material collecting hoppers 5. The top end of the shaking plate 71 is rotatably connected to the baffle cover 6 through a rotating shaft. A reciprocating vibration assembly is arranged below the shaking plate 71 for driving the shaking plate 71 to perform reciprocating up and down vibration centered on the rotating shaft. By providing the shaking mechanism 7, the straw falling on the shaking plate 71 vibrates with the shaking plate 71, and the straw falls off the shaking plate 71 with the vibration. During the collision between the straw and the shaking plate 71, the straw can be turned over, making it easier to dry the straw.

[0032] The reciprocating vibration assembly includes a second reduction motor, a driving shaft 72 and an eccentric wheel 73. The second reduction motor is fixedly connected to the outside of the drying box 1. A driving shaft 72 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second reduction motor. One end of the driving shaft 72 penetrates into the baffle cover 6 and is rotatably connected to the baffle cover 6. An eccentric wheel 73 in contact with the lower surface of the shaking plate 71 is fixedly connected to the driving shaft 72. By providing the second reduction motor, the driving shaft 72 and the eccentric wheel 73, the shaking plate 71 can perform reciprocating up and down vibration centered on the rotating shaft.

[0033] It further includes a return spring 74. The return spring 74 is arranged below the shaking plate 71. One end of the return spring 74 is fixedly connected to the shaking plate 71, and the other end of the return spring 74 is fixedly connected to the material collecting hopper 5. By providing the return spring 74, it is easier for the shaking plate 71 to return after moving upward, and it is also easier for the shaking plate 71 to always fit the edge of the eccentric wheel 73, so that the shaking plate 71 vibrates on the baffle cover 6.

[0034] The working principle of the present invention: S1. Put the cleaned and soaked straw into the primary dehydration equipment, start the primary dehydration equipment, and make the primary dehydration equipment perform preliminary dehydration on the straw; S2. After the preliminary dehydration of the straw, the straw is put into the primary crushing equipment manually or by a transfer device, and the primary crushing equipment is started to preliminarily crush the straw; S3. The crushed straw can be transported by a transportation device, put into the feeding trough of the drying box 1, and at the same time, the multi-layer conveyor belt 2 is started to convey the straw, so that the straw moves in an "S" shape in the drying box 1; S4. The drying equipment is started to transport hot air through the conveying pipeline into the inner part of the hot air pipe 41 above each conveyor belt 2, so that all the hot air nozzles 45 on the feeding drying pipe 42, the conveying drying pipe 43 and the discharging drying pipe 44 dry the straw moving in the drying box 1; S5. During the conveying process of the straw by the conveyor belt 2, the material disturbing rod 32 and the material disturbing plate 33 forcefully disperse the straw piled up on the conveyor belt 2 into multiple channels, so that the hot air nozzles 45 dry the straw; S6. The reduction motor is started to drive the eccentric wheel 73 to rotate by the driving shaft 72, and under the action of the return spring 74, the shaking plate 71 reciprocates up and down around the rotating shaft to shake the straw falling on the shaking plate 71, and during the process of shaking the straw, the straw can fall from the shaking plate 71 along the inclined surface of the shaking plate 71; S7. The lowermost conveyor belt 2 conveys the dried straw out of the drying box 1 from the discharging trough, and puts the dried straw into the secondary crushing equipment, so that the secondary crushing equipment performs secondary crushing on the straw after preliminary crushing and secondary drying.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pretreatment device for extracting pectin from straw, comprising a primary dehydration device, a primary crushing device, a secondary dehydration device and a secondary crushing device, wherein the discharge end of the primary dehydration device is connected to the feed end of the primary crushing device, the discharge end of the primary crushing device is connected to the feed end of the secondary dehydration device, and the discharge end of the secondary dehydration device is connected to the discharge end of the secondary crushing device; Features: The secondary dehydration equipment comprises a drying box (1), wherein a multi-layer conveyor belt (2) is arranged inside the drying box (1), and a material disturbing mechanism (3) and a hot air mechanism (4) are arranged above the conveyor belt (2); The material disturbing mechanism (3) comprises a fixed rod (31) and a material disturbing rod (32), wherein the fixed rod (31) is arranged above the conveyor belt (2), the material disturbing rod (32) is suspended above the conveyor belt (2) and is fixedly connected to the fixed rod (31), and a material disturbing plate (33) is fixedly connected to one side of the upper bottom of the material disturbing rod (32); The hot air mechanism (4) comprises a hot air pipe (41), the hot air pipe (41) being arranged above the conveyor belt (2) and fixedly connected to the fixed rod (31), the hot air pipe (41) being fixedly connected to a loading drying pipe (42), a conveying drying pipe (43) and a unloading drying rod, and the loading drying pipe (42), the conveying drying pipe (43) and the unloading drying pipe (44) are all provided with hot air nozzles (45).

2. A pretreatment device for extracting pectin from straw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary dehydration equipment is a roller dehydrator or a centrifugal dehydrator, the primary crushing equipment is a blade shearing crusher, a double-shaft shredder or a spiral extrusion crusher, and the secondary crushing equipment is a hammer mill, an ultrafine powder pulverizer or a double-roll crusher.

3. The pretreatment equipment for extracting pectin from straw according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of fixed rods (31) are provided, and the plurality of fixed rods (31) are arranged at intervals along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt (2); a plurality of material disrupting rods (32) are provided on the fixed rod (31), and the plurality of material disrupting rods (32) are distributed at intervals on the fixed rod (31), and the material disrupting rods (32) on two adjacent fixed rods (31) are arranged in an interlaced manner.

4. The pretreatment equipment for extracting pectin from straw according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feeding trough is provided on one side of the top of the drying box (1), and a discharging trough is provided on one side of the bottom of the drying box (1).

5. A pretreatment device for extracting pectin from straw according to claim 4, characterized in that: A material collecting hopper (5) fixedly connected to the drying box (1) is arranged above the conveyor belt (2); the material discharge port of the material collecting hopper (5) is smaller than the material feed port of the material collecting hopper (5) and the conveying width of the conveyor belt (2).

6. The pretreatment equipment for extracting pectin from straw according to claim 5, characterized in that: A material blocking cover (6) is fixedly connected between the feed trough and the uppermost material collecting hopper (5) and between adjacent material collecting hoppers (5).

7. The pretreatment equipment for extracting pectin from straw according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a shaking mechanism (7) for shaking the straw, the shaking mechanism (7) including a shaking plate (71), the shaking plate (71) being arranged inside a material blocking cover (6) between adjacent collecting hoppers (5), one end of the shaking plate (71) being rotatably connected to the material blocking cover (6) via a rotating shaft, and a reciprocating vibration component being arranged below the shaking plate (71) for driving the shaking plate (71) to reciprocate up and down about the rotating shaft.

8. The pretreatment equipment for extracting pectin from straw according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reciprocating vibration assembly comprises a reduction motor, a drive shaft (72) and an eccentric wheel (73); the reduction motor is fixedly connected to the outside of the drying box (1); the output shaft of the reduction motor is fixedly connected to the drive shaft (72); one end of the drive shaft (72) passes through the material blocking cover (6) and is rotatably connected to the material blocking cover (6); the drive shaft (72) is fixedly connected to the eccentric wheel (73) in contact with the lower surface of the shaking plate (71).

9. The pretreatment equipment for extracting pectin from straw according to claim 8, characterized in that: The device further comprises a return spring (74), wherein the return spring (74) is arranged below the shaking plate (71), one end of the return spring (74) is fixedly connected to the shaking plate (71), and the other end of the return spring (74) is fixedly connected to the gathering hopper (5).

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