Experimental device for researching acid thermal degradation of insulating material

Abstract

The invention discloses an experimental device for studying the acid thermal degradation of an insulating material, which comprises a base, an organic glass cavity and a condensate water system are respectively arranged at two sides of the top of the base, a heating base is arranged at the bottom of the organic glass cavity, a cavity fixing base is arranged at the bottom of the heating base, and a condensate water system is arranged at the bottom of the cavity fixing base. A PID (Proportion Integration Differentiation) controller is arranged on one side of the organic glass cavity, a temperature sensor is arranged at one end of the organic glass cavity, an organic glass upper cover is arranged at the top of the organic glass cavity, and a temperature detection interface and a condenser pipe interface are respectively arranged on two sides of the top of the organic glass upper cover; the invention not only can effectively simulate the degradation process of the high-voltage insulating material in the acid-heat environment, but also provides a scientific and reliable experimental platform, and provides powerful technical support and theoretical basis for related research, thereby being beneficial to improving the design and manufacturing level of the high-voltage insulating material and prolonging the service life of the high-voltage insulating material, and having wide application prospects. And safe and stable operation of the power system is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of acid-thermal degradation experiments of insulating materials, and particularly to an experimental device for studying the acid-thermal degradation of insulating materials. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the power industry and the gradual increase in social demand for electric energy, composite insulators, as important components in modern power systems, have been increasingly widely used in transmission and distribution lines due to their light weight, high mechanical strength, strong anti-fouling flashover performance, and excellent electrical insulation performance. During actual operation, with the increase in service time and changes in environmental conditions, composite insulators may deteriorate, affecting their normal working performance. In particular, the problem of performance degradation of insulating materials under acidic environments and high-temperature conditions poses a severe challenge to the reliability of composite insulators. Therefore, studying the acid-thermal degradation mechanism of composite insulators has important theoretical significance and practical application value;

[0003] Composite insulators are composed of insulating materials and reinforcing materials. Epoxy resin is usually used as the matrix material, and glass fiber or carbon fiber is used as the reinforcing material. This structure enables composite insulators to provide excellent electrical insulation performance while also having high mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. However, recent research reports have pointed out that during long-term operation, especially in complex environments such as acidic gases, rain erosion, high temperature and high humidity, composite insulators may deteriorate, resulting in a decrease in their insulation performance and the occurrence of partial discharge, and then leading to fracture failures, and even triggering power equipment failures and a series of disasters;

[0004] Research shows that factors such as acid rain and industrial waste gas in acidic environments can damage the surface and internal structure of composite insulators. Chemical reactions occur between acidic substances and insulator materials, causing changes in the physical and chemical properties of the materials, thereby affecting their insulation performance. In addition, the problem of thermal aging under high-temperature environments cannot be ignored. Under high-temperature conditions, the molecular structure of insulating materials changes, resulting in material performance degradation and accelerating their aging process. Therefore, studying the degradation mechanism of composite insulators in acid-thermal environments and developing corresponding experimental devices are of great significance for improving the reliability and service life of composite insulators;

[0005] At present, for the acid-heat degradation experiment of composite insulators, researchers have proposed a variety of experimental devices. For example, by simulating the acid rain environment, the impact of acidic corrosion on the insulator surface can be studied, and by conducting high-temperature and high-humidity tests, the influence of high-temperature environment on the insulator performance can be analyzed. These experiments have revealed the degradation mechanism of composite insulators in complex environments to a certain extent. However, the existing experimental devices have certain limitations and cannot comprehensively simulate various degradation factors in the actual operating environment. Therefore, developing an experimental device that can comprehensively simulate the acid-heat environment has important research value.

[0006] The patent with the authorized announcement number "CN118857917A" discloses a multi-factor aging platform and experimental method for cable silicone rubber insulating materials, which includes a forced-air drying oven. Inside the forced-air drying oven, there is a mechanical stretching device and an electrical aging device. The mechanical stretching device is used to load the silicone rubber specimen and stretch the silicone rubber specimen at a set elongation rate. The electrical aging device includes a high-voltage electrode and a grounding electrode. The electrical aging device is placed in the middle of the mechanical stretching device loaded with the silicone rubber specimen, and the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode are respectively in contact with both sides of the silicone rubber specimen to apply an alternating voltage to the silicone rubber specimen. Through building a multi-factor combined aging platform for silicone rubber insulating materials, this technology proposes an experimental platform and experimental method for the aging characteristics of silicone rubber insulating materials under the combined action of multi-factors including electrical aging factors, thermal stress, and mechanical stretching stress.

[0007] However, the following deficiencies exist in this device:

[0008] Although this technology can comprehensively consider the aging effects of electrical aging factors, thermal stress, and mechanical stress, it does not mention the impact of acidic environment on the material. Moreover, although this technology mentions thermal stress, it does not describe its temperature control method in detail. In addition, this technology does not mention any condensation system design and cannot prevent the evaporation and concentration change of acidic solutions. This technology only focuses on cable silicone rubber insulating materials and is not universal for other high-voltage insulating materials. Also, this technology mainly focuses on the multi-factor combined aging function of the platform but does not emphasize the convenience and safety of the equipment structure.

[0009] The patent with the existing authorization announcement number "CN118534210A" discloses an electro-thermal-mechanical multi-physical field aging device and method for solid insulating materials, which includes a base, a first fixture, a second fixture, a heating device, a stretching device, a ground electrode and a high-voltage electrode; the first fixture is fixed on the base, the stretching device is installed on the base, the second fixture is connected to the stretching device, and the second fixture is driven to move longitudinally by the stretching device; the high-voltage electrode is connected to the base through an insulating plate, the ground electrode is located above the high-voltage electrode, and the heating device is placed on the upper surface of the ground electrode; this technology can realize the individual or combined aging of solid insulating materials under the action of electro-thermal-mechanical multi-physical fields, can accurately simulate the working conditions of solid insulating materials, and has the characteristics of simple structure, strong operability and practicability.

[0010] However, there are the following deficiencies in this device;

[0011] This technology only considers the combined aging research of electric field, thermal field and mechanical tensile stress, does not involve the influence of acidic environment on the deterioration of insulating materials, and although this technology includes a heating device, it does not elaborate on the accuracy and stability of temperature control. In addition, this technology does not mention the design of the condensation system, and cannot prevent the concentration change caused by the evaporation of the solution during the experiment. Moreover, although this technology has a relatively simple structure, there may be deficiencies in the convenience and safety of experimental operation. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an experimental device for studying the acid-thermal deterioration of insulating materials to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0013] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An experimental device for studying the acid-thermal deterioration of insulating materials, including a base, on both sides of the top of the base, an organic glass cavity and a condensed water system are respectively arranged, a heating base is arranged at the bottom of the organic glass cavity, a cavity fixing base is arranged at the bottom of the heating base, a PID controller is arranged on one side of the organic glass cavity, a temperature sensor is arranged at one end of the organic glass cavity, an organic glass upper cover is arranged at the top of the organic glass cavity, and a temperature detection interface and a condenser tube interface are respectively arranged on both sides of the top of the organic glass upper cover.

[0014] Preferably, the condensate water system includes a water tank, a condensing pipe, a water pump, a plastic pipe, a water outlet pipe, a water inlet pipe, a connecting pipe and a chassis. The chassis is located at the top of the base. A water pump is provided at the bottom of the chassis. A water tank is provided at the top inside the chassis. A condensing pipe is provided on one side inside the chassis. The output end of the water pump is provided with a water inlet pipe connected to the condensing pipe. The input end of the water pump is provided with a connecting pipe connected to the water tank. A water outlet pipe communicating with the condensing pipe is provided at the top of one side of the water tank. A plastic pipe connected to the condensing pipe interface is provided at the bottom of the condensing pipe, which can condense and reflux the steam generated during the experiment, thereby maintaining the stability of the pH value of the experimental solution.

[0015] Preferably, a signal transmission line A connected to the PID controller is provided on the temperature sensor, and a signal transmission line B connected to the heating base is provided at the bottom of the PID controller for transmitting control signals.

[0016] Preferably, the signal transmission line A passes through the temperature detection interface and is connected to the PID controller, and can transmit the temperature detection data.

[0017] Preferably, a mounting rack is provided on one side inside the chassis, and the condensing pipe is fixedly connected to the mounting rack for fixing the condensing pipe.

[0018] Preferably, a liquid adding pipe is provided at the top of one side of the water tank, and a sealing cover is provided on the outer side of the liquid adding pipe. A plurality of groups of heat dissipation holes are evenly formed at the top of the water tank, which can improve the heat dissipation effect inside the water tank and ensure the heat exchange effect of the circulating water flow.

[0019] Preferably, a water inlet is provided at the bottom of one side of the condensing pipe, the water inlet pipe is connected to the water inlet, a water outlet is provided at the top of the other side of the condensing pipe, and the water outlet pipe is connected to the water outlet for connecting the heat exchange water flow pipeline.

[0020] Preferably, a limiting rack is provided on one side of the chassis, and the plastic pipe passes through the inside of the limiting rack for limiting the plastic pipe to prevent the plastic pipe from being excessively bent and broken.

[0021] Preferably, sealing rings are provided inside the temperature detection interface and the condensing pipe interface, which can improve the connection tightness of the interfaces and prevent water flow and steam from leaking.

[0022] Preferably, a maintenance door is provided at one end of the chassis, and a handle is provided on the maintenance door, which can open the maintenance door to repair and maintain the components of the condensate water system and extend the service life of the device.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the experimental device for studying the acid-heat deterioration of insulating materials:

[0024] 1. Precise control of experimental conditions: The experimental platform in the present invention adopts a PID controller and a temperature sensor, which can precisely control the temperature conditions in the acid-heat degradation experiment. Through the adjustment of the PID controller, the stability and consistency of the temperature during the experiment are ensured, thereby improving the reliability and repeatability of the experimental results;

[0025] 2. Simulation of the actual environment: The experimental platform can simultaneously simulate the acidic and thermal environmental conditions, making the experimental conditions closer to the degradation situation in the actual operating environment. By comprehensively considering the effects of acidity and heat on the insulating material in the experiment, the degradation mechanism of the material in actual applications can be more realistically reflected;

[0026] 3. Effective maintenance of the pH value of the experimental solution: The present invention designs a condensation system that can cause the steam generated during the experiment to reflux, thereby maintaining the stability of the pH value of the experimental solution. This design avoids the evaporation and concentration change of the acid solution solvent, ensuring the stability of the experimental conditions;

[0027] 4. Multifunctional integration: The experimental platform integrates multiple functional modules such as temperature control, condensation system, and experimental cavity fixation, which not only simplifies the experimental operation process but also improves the safety and efficiency of the experiment. Researchers can complete complex experimental steps on one platform, reducing human operation errors;

[0028] In summary, through the implementation of the above technical solutions, the present invention can not only effectively simulate the degradation process of high-voltage insulating materials in an acid-heat environment but also provide a scientific and reliable experimental platform, providing strong technical support and theoretical basis for related research. This will help improve the design and manufacturing level of high-voltage insulating materials, extend their service life, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a front sectional view of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1, PID controller; 2, temperature sensor; 3, heating base; 4, temperature detection interface; 5, plexiglass cavity; 6, condenser interface; 7, plexiglass upper cover; 8, cavity fixing base; 9, water tank; 10, condenser; 11, water pump; 12, signal transmission line A; 13, signal transmission line B; 14, plastic pipe; 15, water outlet pipe; 16, water inlet pipe; 17, connecting pipe; 18, chassis; 19, base. Detailed Embodiment

[0032] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1-2 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: An experimental device for studying the acid-heat deterioration of insulating materials, including a base 19, on both sides of the top of the base 19, there are respectively an organic glass cavity 5 and a condensed water system. At the bottom of the organic glass cavity 5, there is a heating base 3. At the bottom of the heating base 3, there is a cavity fixing base 8. On one side of the organic glass cavity 5, there is a PID controller 1. At one end of the organic glass cavity 5, there is a temperature sensor 2. At the top of the organic glass cavity 5, there is an organic glass upper cover 7. On both sides of the top of the organic glass upper cover 7, there are respectively a temperature detection interface 4 and a condenser tube interface 6;

[0034] The condensed water system includes a water tank 9, a condenser tube 10, a water pump 11, a plastic tube 14, an outlet pipe 15, an inlet pipe 16, a connecting pipe 17 and a chassis 18. The chassis 18 is located on the top of the base 19. At the bottom of the chassis 18, there is a water pump 11. At the top inside the chassis 18, there is a water tank 9. On one side inside the chassis 18, there is a condenser tube 10. The output end of the water pump 11 is provided with an inlet pipe 16 connected to the condenser tube 10. The input end of the water pump 11 is provided with a connecting pipe 17 connected to the water tank 9. At the top on one side of the water tank 9, there is an outlet pipe 15 communicating with the condenser tube 10. At the bottom of the condenser tube 10, there is a plastic tube 14 connected to the condenser tube interface 6, which can condense and reflux the steam generated during the experiment, so as to keep the pH value of the experimental solution stable.

[0035] In this embodiment, on the temperature sensor 2, there is a signal transmission line A12 connected to the PID controller 1. At the bottom of the PID controller 1, there is a signal transmission line B13 connected to the heating base 3, which is used for transmitting control signals.

[0036] In this embodiment, on one side inside the chassis 18, there is a mounting rack, and the condenser tube 10 is fixedly connected to the mounting rack for fixing the condenser tube 10.

[0037] In this embodiment, on the top on one side of the water tank 9, there is a liquid adding tube, and a sealing cover is arranged on the outside of the liquid adding tube. A plurality of groups of heat dissipation holes are evenly opened on the top of the water tank 9, which can improve the heat dissipation effect inside the water tank 9 and ensure the heat exchange effect of the circulating water flow.

[0038] In this embodiment, a water inlet is provided at the bottom on one side of the condenser tube 10. The water inlet pipe 16 is connected to the water inlet. A water outlet is provided at the top on the other side of the condenser tube 10. The water outlet pipe 15 is connected to the water outlet, which is used to connect the hot water flow pipeline.

[0039] In this embodiment, a limiting frame is provided on one side of the chassis 18. The plastic pipe 14 passes through the inside of the limiting frame, which is used to limit the plastic pipe 14 to prevent the plastic pipe 14 from being bent and broken excessively.

[0040] In this embodiment, sealing rings are provided inside the temperature detection interface 4 and the condenser tube interface 6, which can improve the sealing performance of the interface connection and prevent water flow and steam leakage.

[0041] In this embodiment, a maintenance door is provided at one end of the chassis 18, and a handle is provided on the maintenance door, which can open the maintenance door to repair and maintain the components of the condensate water system and extend the service life of the device.

[0042] Example 1, as Figure 2 shown, after the heated steam in the plexiglass cavity 5 enters the condenser tube 10 through the diversion of the plastic pipe 14, the water pump 11 can be started to pump the cold water in the water tank 9 into the condenser tube 10 for heat exchange with the steam. The water flow after heat exchange can be diverted through the water outlet pipe 15 and then refluxed into the water tank 9 for circulation again, while the steam after heat exchange can be condensed and refluxed into the plexiglass cavity 5 to ensure the balance of the pH value of the experimental liquid solution.

[0043] Example 2, as Figure 2 shown, after the water flow refluxes into the water tank 9, the heat in the water flow can be quickly dissipated through the heat dissipation holes at the top of the water tank 9, so as to facilitate recycling again and ensure the condensation effect on the steam.

[0044] When analyzing the aging mechanism of insulating materials under the combined action of acid and heat with this experimental device, the following steps are included:

[0045] S1. Understand the basic properties of the insulating material used in the experiment, and based on this, formulate relevant experimental plans, including: determining the temperature to which the insulating material sample needs to be heated, the concentration and type of acid solution to be used, and conducting SEM and FTIR tests on the insulating material sample before the experiment for comparison and analysis with the deteriorated sample;

[0046] S2. Place the heating base 3 and the plexiglass cavity 5 above the cavity fixing base 8 in sequence, and ensure that the three are aligned to facilitate the subsequent safe conduct of the experiment and ensure the uniformity of the solution heating in the plexiglass cavity 5;

[0047] S3. According to the set experimental scheme, select an acid solution and prepare it according to the required concentration. Place the prepared acid solution for the experiment in the plexiglass cavity 5. Here, it should be noted that the volume of the added solution should not exceed two-thirds of the plexiglass cavity 5 to ensure that the solution will not boil over during subsequent heating;

[0048] S4. Based on the research objective, after preparing the insulation material samples for the experiment according to the standard, place them in the plexiglass cavity 5 containing the acid solution;

[0049] S5. Pass the temperature sensor 2 through the signal transmission line A12 through the temperature detection interface 4 and connect it to the PID controller 1. Align the plexiglass upper cover 7 with the experimental plexiglass cavity 5 and tighten it. The PID controller 1 can calculate the error and its change based on the current temperature and the set temperature fed back by the temperature sensor 2, and calculate and output the control quantity through proportional, integral, and differential operations. The output signal of the PID controller 1 will be sent to the heating base 3 through the signal transmission line B13 to adjust its heating power, so that the temperature of the plexiglass cavity 5 gradually approaches the set temperature;

[0050] S6. Prepare a certain amount of cold water and place it in the water tank 9. Place one end of the connecting pipe 17 in the water contained in the water tank 9, and connect the other end of the connecting pipe 17 to the water pump 11. The water pump 11 is connected to the lower water inlet of the condenser 10 through the water inlet pipe 16. The cold water in the water tank 9 is input into the condenser 10 through the above connection and output from the upper water outlet of the condenser 10, and then returns to the water tank 9 again through the connected water outlet pipe 15. The air inlet of the condenser 10 is connected to the plexiglass cavity 5 through the plastic pipe 14, passing through the condenser interface 6 on the plexiglass upper cover 7, so that the steam generated in the plexiglass cavity 5 under the action of the heating base 3 can enter the condenser 10 for condensation and reflux, thereby ensuring the acidity and alkalinity of the experimental liquid solution;

[0051] S7. After the experiment, use SEM and FTIR to detect the insulation material samples used in the experiment, and complete the analysis of the deterioration mechanism of the relevant materials under the action of acid and heat.

[0052] For those skilled in the art, the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention are exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality of" means two or more; the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, terms such as "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0054] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

Claims

1. An experimental device for studying acid-heat degradation of insulating materials, comprising a base (19), characterized in that: An organic glass cavity (5) and a condensation water system are respectively arranged on both sides of the top of the base (19); a heating base (3) is arranged at the bottom of the organic glass cavity (5); a cavity fixing base (8) is arranged at the bottom of the heating base (3); a PID controller (1) is arranged on one side of the organic glass cavity (5); a temperature sensor (2) is arranged at one end of the organic glass cavity (5); an organic glass upper cover (7) is arranged on the top of the organic glass cavity (5); and a temperature detection interface (4) and a condensation pipe interface (6) are respectively arranged on both sides of the top of the organic glass upper cover (7).

2. The experimental device for studying acid-heat degradation of insulating materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condensate water system comprises a water tank (9), a condenser pipe (10), a water pump (11), a plastic pipe (14), a water outlet pipe (15), a water inlet pipe (16), a connecting pipe (17) and a chassis (18). The chassis (18) is located on the top of the base (19). The bottom of the chassis (18) is provided with a water pump (11). The top of the chassis (18) is provided with a water tank (9). One side of the chassis (18) is provided with a condenser pipe (10). The output end of the water pump (11) is provided with a water inlet pipe (16) connected to the condenser pipe (10). The input end of the water pump (11) is provided with a connecting pipe (17) connected to the water tank (9). The top of one side of the water tank (9) is provided with a water outlet pipe (15) connected to the condenser pipe (10). The bottom of the condenser pipe (10) is provided with a plastic pipe (14) connected to the condenser pipe interface (6).

3. The experimental device for studying acid-heat degradation of insulating materials according to claim 1 is characterized by: The temperature sensor (2) is provided with a signal transmission line A (12) connected to the PID controller (1), and the bottom of the PID controller (1) is provided with a signal transmission line B (13) connected to the heating base (3).

4. The experimental device for studying acid-heat degradation of insulating materials according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The signal transmission line A (12) passes through the temperature detection interface (4) and is connected to the PID controller (1).

5. The experimental device for studying acid-heat degradation of insulating materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: A mounting frame is provided on one side inside the chassis (18), and the condenser tube (10) is fixedly connected to the mounting frame.

6. The experimental device for studying acid-heat degradation of insulating materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: A liquid adding pipe is arranged on the top of one side of the water tank (9), and a sealing cover is arranged on the outside of the liquid adding pipe. A plurality of groups of heat dissipation holes are evenly arranged on the top of the water tank (9).

7. The experimental device for studying acid-heat degradation of insulating materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: A water inlet is provided at the bottom of one side of the condenser (10), and the water inlet pipe (16) is connected to the water inlet. A water outlet is provided at the top of the other side of the condenser (10), and the water outlet pipe (15) is connected to the water outlet.

8. The experimental device for studying acid-heat degradation of insulating materials according to claim 2 is characterized by: A limiting frame is provided on one side of the chassis (18), and the plastic tube (14) passes through the inner side of the limiting frame.

9. The experimental device for studying acid-heat degradation of insulating materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: Sealing rings are provided on the inner sides of the temperature detection interface (4) and the condenser tube interface (6).

10. The experimental device for studying acid-heat degradation of insulating materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: An inspection door is provided at one end of the chassis (18), and a handle is provided on the inspection door.

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