Common measurement system and method for heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of adjustable sunshade window

Abstract

The invention discloses a shared measurement system and method for a heat transfer coefficient and a shading coefficient of an adjustable shading window. The shared measurement system comprises a light source box, a light guide box, an environment box and a metering box which are sequentially arranged, a first air conditioner is arranged in the light guide box, a temperature control device is arranged in the metering box, and a second air conditioner is arranged in the environment box; a mounting gap is reserved between the light guide box and the environment box; the light guide box is provided with a light outlet, and the light outlet faces the environment box; a mounting opening is formed in one surface, facing the light guide box, of the environment box, and is used for mounting a test piece; a light guide opening is further formed in the face, deviating from the environment box, of the light guide box, a light guide airtight door is installed on the edge of the light guide opening in a hinged mode, the light guide opening can be closed or opened by rotating the light guide airtight door, and heat transfer coefficient detection and shading coefficient detection can be conducted in the environment box. Uncertain factors caused by carrying, mounting or sunshade adjusting errors and the like are reduced, and the accuracy of a measurement result is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of detection technologies, and particularly to a common measurement system and method for the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of adjustable sunshade windows. Background Art

[0002] Transparent envelope structures (transparent glass windows) have characteristics such as transparency, lightness, and flexibility, and are widely used in various buildings. Transparent envelope structures undertake the contradictory tasks of blocking and connecting the interior and exterior. From the perspective of heat preservation, transparent envelope structures are not good exterior envelope structure materials. In cold and severe cold regions, the heat loss of transparent envelope structures accounts for 40% - 50% of the entire envelope structure. Currently, the main methods to improve the energy-saving performance of transparent envelope structures are to improve the heat preservation performance of window frames and glass, and at the same time control the window-wall ratio of the envelope structure to achieve corresponding energy-saving effects. From the perspective of sunshading, on the premise of obtaining sufficient lighting, especially in regions with hot summers and cold winters and hot summers and warm winters, the air-conditioning energy consumption consumed by the solar radiation heat gain passing through the transparent envelope structure in summer accounts for 30% - 40% of the total building air-conditioning energy consumption. Currently, the sunshading performance of transparent envelope structures is mainly improved through sunshading facilities such as adjustable louvers and built-in roller blinds, which are collectively referred to as adjustable sunshade windows.

[0003] Since the sunshading performance of adjustable sunshade windows varies within a large range, the changes in the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient are also very large, and the measurement process is relatively troublesome. For the measurement of the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of adjustable sunshade windows, the prior art has the following defects.

[0004] (1) Errors caused by handling and installation

[0005] Although there are already measurement devices for heat insulation performance and measurement devices for sunshading performance in the prior art, when the test piece is subjected to different detections, it needs to be moved to different positions. During this process, the window test piece switches between different devices for detection, which will increase uncertain factors such as handling, installation, or state adjustment errors, and affect the test results.

[0006] (2) The shading degree cannot be perfectly reproduced

[0007] Taking the example of adjustable-angle louvers sandwiched between double-layer glass, in the measurement systems and methods of the prior art, the shading coefficient is first measured, and the louver angles are respectively adjusted to 30°, 45°, and 75°, and the shading coefficients are respectively measured. Then it is moved to the position for measuring the heat transfer coefficient, and then adjusted to the positions of 30°, 45°, and 75° respectively, and the heat transfer coefficients are respectively measured. The louver angles cannot be adjusted extremely precisely, and the shading degree cannot be perfectly reproduced. For the same 30° louver, the louver angles when measuring the shading coefficient and when measuring the heat transfer coefficient are not exactly the same 30° louver angles, resulting in measurement errors.

[0008] (3) The heat transfer coefficient of the window when calculating the shading coefficient is often estimated.

[0009] The heat transfer of the window accounts for the vast majority of the heat transfer of the building envelope. However, when substituting the measurement results into the calculation formula of the shading coefficient, the calculation of the heat transfer of the window directly estimates a value of the heat transfer coefficient according to different types of windows, rather than the heat transfer coefficient of the window actually measured under the same shading conditions. This leads to the measurement of the shading coefficient generally not conforming to the actual working conditions.

[0010] (4) It is time-consuming and laborious to disassemble and assemble.

[0011] The process of disassembly and installation also consumes a certain amount of time and energy. The processes of changing and adjusting the light source and heat source, and measuring the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient can all be controlled by a computer program to automatically obtain the results. However, the process of disassembling and installing the test piece cannot be completed by a machine and is the most energy-consuming stage. Summary of the Invention

[0012] Aiming at the above defects, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a common measurement system for the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of an adjustable shading window, enabling the test piece to detect the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of the adjustable shading window without changing its position within the same set of systems, achieving the detection of the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient with higher precision and conforming to the actual working conditions, and no longer requiring manual participation after setting up, and the whole process can be completed by a computer.

[0013] Another purpose of the present invention is to propose a common measurement method for the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of an adjustable shading window. First, measure the heat transfer coefficient. Under the conditions of not changing the position of the adjustable shading window test piece and not changing the shading degree of the adjustable shading window, substitute the value of the heat transfer coefficient measured earlier into the measurement formula of the shading coefficient, so as to obtain a more accurate shading coefficient that conforms to the actual working conditions without estimating the heat transfer coefficient according to the traditional shading coefficient calculation method.

[0014] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0015] A common measurement system for the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of an adjustable shading window, comprising a light source box, a light guide box, an environmental box, and a metering box arranged in sequence.

[0016] A first cooling and heating air conditioner is arranged in the light guide box, a temperature control device is arranged in the metering box, a second cooling and heating air conditioner is arranged in the environmental box, and temperature acquisition devices are arranged in the light guide box, the environmental box, and the metering box.

[0017] The light source box, the light guide box, and the environmental box are independent of each other, and their relative positions are adjustable. The light source box is not inside the light guide box or the environmental box. There are two states between the light guide box and the environmental box: docking and sealing, and leaving an installation gap.

[0018] The light guide box is provided with a light outlet, and the light outlet faces the environmental box.

[0019] On one side of the environmental box facing the light guide box, there is an installation opening for installing an adjustable sunshade window as a test piece.

[0020] On the side of the light guide box facing away from the environmental box, there is also a light guide opening. A light guide sealing door is hinged and installed at the edge of the light guide opening, and the light guide sealing door can open or close the light guide opening.

[0021] The light source box is provided with a plurality of emission regions in the vertical direction. A light source generator is provided in each emission region. The connection line between the upper edge of the installation opening and the upper edge of the light guide sealing door is used as the first reference line, and the connection line between the lower edge of the installation opening and the lower edge of the light guide sealing door is used as the second reference line. The emission region is located between the first reference line and the second reference line.

[0022] The measurement box is arranged inside the environmental box. The measurement box is provided with an open opening that matches the installation opening. The cross-section of the measurement box is in a "C" shape, and a pulley is installed at the bottom of the measurement box. The measurement box fits against the inner wall of the environmental box. The horizontal projection of the test piece completely falls into the measurement box. The measurement box, the test piece, and a part of the inner wall of the environmental box where the installation opening is located form a sealed space.

[0023] Preferably, it further includes a telescopic locking member. The fixed end of the telescopic locking member is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the environmental box away from the installation opening, and the telescopic end of the telescopic locking member faces the measurement box. The telescopic end of the telescopic locking member extends and abuts against the outer wall of the measurement box.

[0024] Preferably, the temperature control device includes a circulating water device and a heating device.

[0025] The circulating water device includes: a circulating fan, a heat collector, a circulating water path, a constant temperature water tank, and a flow meter installed in the circulating water path.

[0026] The constant temperature water tank is arranged outside the environmental box. The circulating fan and the heat collector are arranged inside the measurement box. The circulating fan and the heat collector are arranged facing each other. The heat collector is connected to the constant temperature water tank through the circulating water path.

[0027] The heating device is a constant power electric heater, and the heating device is fixedly installed inside the measurement box.

[0028] Preferably, the second heating and cooling air conditioner is installed on the top of the environmental chamber, and an air circulation pipeline is installed beside the second heating and cooling air conditioner.

[0029] Preferably, a speed regulating centrifugal fan is arranged on the top of the light guide box.

[0030] A measuring method for the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of an adjustable sunshade window, using a common measuring system for the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of the adjustable sunshade window, the measuring method comprising:

[0031] Step S1: Install the specimen:

[0032] Close the light guide airtight door and the light source box, separate the light guide box from the environmental chamber, install the specimen at the installation opening through the installation gap; disconnect the connection between the collector and the constant temperature water tank; then dock and seal the light guide box and the environmental chamber; control the temperature in the laboratory where the common measuring system for the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of the adjustable sunshade window is located at 25°C;

[0033] Step S2: Measure the heat transfer coefficient:

[0034] Start the refrigeration function of the first heating and cooling air conditioner of the light guide box, adjust the air temperature of the light guide box to -20°C, and start the heating equipment to adjust the air temperature of the metering box to 20°C, and start the second heating and cooling air conditioner to adjust the air temperature of the environmental chamber to 20°C;

[0035] Continuously measure the temperatures of each temperature control point. When the test conditions meet the standard requirements and each measurement parameter no longer changes unidirectionally, the computer automatically selects the test data, collects the first test data at a preset time interval, and calculates the heat transfer coefficient of the specimen;

[0036] Step S3: Measure the shading coefficient:

[0037] Open the light guide airtight door, start the light source box, start the heating function of the first heating and cooling air conditioner, start the speed regulating centrifugal fan, quickly raise the air temperature in the light guide box to the temperature in the laboratory to 25°C, and at the same time start the second heating and cooling air conditioner and the air circulation pipeline to quickly adjust the air temperature in the environmental chamber to the temperature in the laboratory to 25°C, and at the same time adjust the distance between the light source box and the environmental chamber so that the light emitted by the light source box evenly shines on the specimen;

[0038] Connect the collector to the constant temperature water tank, start the circulating water equipment, and take away the light heat entering the metering box through the collector and the circulation fan to keep the air temperature in the metering box at 20°C;

[0039] Continuously measure the temperatures at each temperature control point. When the test conditions meet the requirements of the standard and each measurement parameter no longer changes unidirectionally, the computer automatically selects the test data, collects the second test data at a preset time interval, and calculates the shading coefficient of the specimen; among them, the heat transfer coefficient calculated in step S2 is introduced into the calculation formula of the shading coefficient to calculate the heat transfer amount of the specimen;

[0040] Step S4: Adjust the shading degree:

[0041] After adjusting the shading degree of the specimen, perform steps S2 and S3 again to measure the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient under multiple different shading degrees.

[0042] Preferably, the first test data includes: the heat dissipation of the heating equipment in the metering box, the heat transfer from the metering box to the inside of the light guide box through the partition wall between the metering box and the light guide box, the linear heat transfer of the installation contact line between the specimen and the installation opening, the specimen area, and the air temperature difference between the light guide box and the metering box when measuring the heat transfer coefficient;

[0043] The second test data includes: the heat taken away by the circulating water equipment, the heat transfer from the light guide box to the inside of the metering box through the specimen, the heat transfer from the light guide box to the inside of the metering box through the partition wall between the metering box and the light guide box, the heat generation of the circulating fan, the illuminance of the light source, and the air temperature difference between the light guide box and the metering box when measuring the shading coefficient.

[0044] Preferably, the formula for obtaining the heat transfer coefficient of the specimen based on the first test data is as follows:

[0045] Where Q hot is the heat dissipation of the heating equipment in the metering box, Q wall-out is the heat transfer from the metering box to the inside of the light guide box through the partition wall between the metering box and the light guide box, Q edge is the linear heat transfer of the installation contact line between the specimen and the installation opening, Q board is the heat transfer from the environmental chamber to the inside of the metering box through the partition wall between the metering box and the environmental chamber, A is the specimen area, and ΔT1 is the air temperature difference between the light guide box and the metering box when measuring the heat transfer coefficient;

[0046] The formula for obtaining the shading coefficient of the specimen based on the second test data is as follows:

[0047] Where Q fluid is the heat taken away by the circulating water equipment, Q window is the heat transfer from the light guide box to the inside of the metering box through the specimen, Q fan is the heat generation of the circulating fan, Q wall-in is the heat transfer from the light guide box to the inside of the metering box through the partition wall between the metering box and the light guide box, and I is the illuminance of the light source; where Qwindow = KAΔT2, where ΔT2 is the air temperature difference between the light guide box and the metering box when measuring the shading coefficient.

[0048] Preferably, the preset time interval in step S2 is 30 min, 6 readings are selected, and the weighted average is taken to calculate the heat transfer coefficient; the preset time interval in step S3 is 10 min, 6 readings are selected, and the weighted average is taken to calculate the shading coefficient.

[0049] Preferably, Q hot is directly measured, and Q wall-out is the product of the heat transfer coefficient of the corresponding partition wall, the area of the partition wall, and the temperature difference between the two side walls. Q edge is the product of the time perimeter, the linear heat transfer coefficient, and the temperature difference between the light guide box and the metering box. Q board is the product of the heat transfer coefficient of the corresponding partition wall, the area of the partition wall, and the temperature difference between the two side walls. A is directly measured, and ΔT1 is measured by a temperature sensor; Q fluid is the product of the water flow rate, water density, flow time, specific heat capacity, and water temperature difference. Q wall-in is the product of the heat transfer coefficient of the corresponding partition wall, the area of the partition wall, and the temperature difference between the two side walls. Q fan is directly measured by a power meter, I is directly measured by an illuminometer, and ΔT2 is measured by a temperature sensor.

[0050] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0051] 1. When detecting the heat transfer coefficient and the shading coefficient, the corresponding heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient can be measured successively with a certain shading degree of the specimen first, and then the shading degree of the specimen can be adjusted to collect the data of the next heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient. During the process of collecting the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient with the same shading degree, since the data can be tested in the shared measurement system of the present invention without being transported, the problem that the detection result is deviated due to the errors caused by transportation, installation or state adjustment will not occur.

[0052] 2. The present invention can calculate the corresponding heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient respectively before and after under the same shading degree, which can avoid the existence of angular errors caused by continuously adjusting the shading degree of the specimen, resulting in measurement errors of the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient under the same shading degree. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0053] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the device of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 2It is a schematic structural diagram of the ranges of the first reference line and the second reference line in an embodiment of the device of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 3 It is a flowchart of an embodiment of the method of the present invention.

[0056] Wherein: light source box 1, emission area 1a, light guide box 2, environment box 3, first cooling and heating air conditioner 4, circulating water equipment 5, circulating fan 5a, heat collector 5b, circulating water path 5c, constant temperature water tank 5d, flowmeter 5e,

[0057] heating equipment 6, light outlet 7, installation gap 8, installation opening 9, test piece 10, light guide opening 11, light guide airtight door 12, metering box 13, pulley 14, telescopic locking member 15, second cooling and heating air conditioner 16, air circulation pipeline 17, speed-regulating centrifugal fan 18, first reference line 19, second reference line 20. Detailed implementation manners

[0058] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions from beginning to end. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0059] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0060] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0061] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "linkage" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0062] As Figures 1-2 shown, a common measurement system for the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of an adjustable sunshade window includes a light source box 1, a light guide box 2, an environmental box 3, and a metering box 13 arranged in sequence;

[0063] A first cooling and heating air conditioner 4 is arranged in the light guide box 2, a temperature control device is arranged in the metering box 3, and a second cooling and heating air conditioner 16 is arranged in the environmental box 3. Temperature acquisition devices are arranged in the light guide box 2, the environmental box 3, and the metering box 13;

[0064] The light source box 1, the light guide box 2, and the environmental box 3 are independent of each other, and their relative positions are adjustable. The light source box 1 is not inside the light guide box 2 or the environmental box 3. There are two states between the light guide box 2 and the environmental box 3: butt joint sealing and leaving an installation gap 8. When measuring the heat transfer coefficient, the light guide box 2 and the environmental box 3 are in a butt joint sealing state. When measuring the shading coefficient, the light guide box 2 and the environmental box 3 are in a state with an installation gap 8.

[0065] The light guide box 2 is provided with a light outlet 7, and the light outlet 7 faces the environmental box 3;

[0066] One side of the environmental box 3 facing the light guide box 2 is provided with an installation opening 9, and the installation opening 9 is used to install the adjustable sunshade window as the test piece 10;

[0067] A light guide opening 11 is also opened on one side of the light guide box 2 facing away from the environmental box 3. A light guide sealing door 12 is hinged and installed at the edge of the light guide opening 11, and the light guide sealing door 12 can open or close the light guide opening 11.

[0068] In the present invention, a light outlet 7 is arranged in the light guide box 2. When measuring the thermal coefficient, the first cooling and heating air conditioner 4, the temperature control device, and the temperature acquisition device are respectively turned on, and the temperature in the light guide box 2 is cooled to the specified temperature of -20°C.

[0069] When the shading coefficient needs to be measured, turn on the first cooling and heating air conditioner 4, the temperature control device, and the temperature acquisition device, open the light guide airtight door 12 and start the light source box 1. The temperature in the light guide box 2 rises to the specified temperature of 25 °C. The light from the light source box 1 can irradiate the test piece 10 through the light guide port 11 and the light outlet 7 in sequence. By collecting the corresponding test data, the detection of the shading coefficient can be completed. At this time, there is no need to move the test piece 10 to other detection devices, reducing uncertain factors such as handling, installation, or state adjustment errors, and increasing the stability of the detection results.

[0070] It is worth mentioning that when detecting the heat transfer coefficient and the shading coefficient, the corresponding heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient can be measured successively with a certain shading degree of the test piece 10 first, and then the shading degree of the test piece 10 is adjusted to collect the data of the next heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient. During the process of collecting the heat transfer coefficient and the shading coefficient with the same shading degree, since the data can be tested in the shared measurement system of the present invention without the need for handling, there will be no problem of deviation in the detection results caused by handling, installation, or state adjustment errors.

[0071] When measuring the heat transfer coefficient and the shading coefficient respectively with the same shading degree of the test piece 10, the first cooling and heating air conditioner 4 in the light guide box 2 needs to be cooled and heated respectively, which seems to waste electric energy. However, since the light source does not need to be set in the light guide box 2, the volume of the light guide box 2 is only a few cubic meters, and the temperature adjustment can be completed automatically throughout the process with high speed, so it will not consume too much electric energy.

[0072] It is worth mentioning that the temperature acquisition device is a conventional temperature acquisition device, such as a temperature sensor, a multi-point temperature acquisition system, a temperature recorder and other conventional devices, which will not be limited too much here.

[0073] Furthermore, as Figure 2 shown, the light source box 1 is provided with a plurality of emission regions 1a in the vertical direction, and a light source generator is arranged in each emission region. The connection line between the upper edge of the installation port 9 and the upper edge of the light guide airtight door 12 is used as the first reference line 19, and the connection line between the lower edge of the installation port 9 and the lower edge of the light guide airtight door 12 is used as the second reference line 20. The emission region 1a is located between the first reference line 19 and the second reference line 20;

[0074] When measuring the shading coefficient, the influence of different sunlight irradiation angles on the glass of specimen 10 is simulated. Since the light source device in the conventional detection device is fixed in an environmental chamber 3 or a light guide box 2, due to the small structural space, the irradiation direction of the light source device cannot be effectively controlled. Even if the irradiation direction can be adjusted, because the distance between the environmental chamber 3 and the light guide box 2 is relatively close, the influence on the specimen 10 due to the change of the irradiation angle cannot be effectively reflected. Therefore, in the conventional detection, only the position of the specimen 10 can be adjusted to imitate different light irradiation angles. To solve this problem, in the present invention, a plurality of emission regions 1a are provided in the light source box 1 in the vertical direction. And in the present invention, since the light source box 1 is not arranged in the environmental chamber 3 or the light guide box 2, the distance between the light source box 1 and the light guide box 2 can be adjusted to reflect the influence on the specimen 10 due to the change of the irradiation angle. At the same time, in order to ensure that all the irradiated light can fall on the specimen 10 and avoid uneven irradiation affecting the test results, for this reason, the emission region 1a is located between the first reference line 19 and the second reference line 20, and the light irradiated in the emission region 1a can cover the specimen 10, meeting the test requirements without moving the specimen 10.

[0075] The metering box 13 is arranged in the environmental chamber 3. The metering box 13 is provided with an open mouth that cooperates with the installation opening 9. The cross-section of the metering box 13 is in a "C" shape, and a pulley 14 is installed at the bottom of the metering box 13; the metering box 13 is in contact with the inner wall of the environmental chamber 3, and the horizontal projection of the specimen 10 completely falls into the metering box 13. A closed space is formed by the metering box 13, the specimen 10, and a part of the inner wall of the environmental chamber 3 where the installation opening 9 is located.

[0076] Preferably, it further includes a telescopic locking member 15. The fixed end of the telescopic locking member 15 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the environmental chamber 3 facing away from the installation opening 9, and the telescopic end of the telescopic locking member 15 faces the metering box 13; the telescopic end of the telescopic locking member 15 extends and abuts against the outer wall of the metering box 13.

[0077] In order to minimize the heat transfer of the wall surface of the metering box 3 itself, the metering box 13 is arranged in the environmental chamber 3. And because there may be gaps at the connection between the metering box 13 and the inner wall of the environmental chamber 3, which may affect the test data. For this reason, in the present invention, a telescopic locking member 15 is provided. The telescopic locking member 15 is provided with a fixed end and a telescopic end. By driving the telescopic end to extend, an external force sufficient to face the specimen 10 direction is provided to the metering box 13 through the telescopic end, so that the metering box 13 can completely fit the inner wall of the environmental chamber 3 without gaps, ensuring the authenticity and accuracy of the test data.

[0078] Preferably, the temperature control device includes a circulating water device 5 and a heating device 6;

[0079] The circulating water device 5 includes: a circulating fan 5a, a collector 5b, a circulating water path 5c, a constant temperature water tank 5d, and a flow meter 5e installed in the circulating water path;

[0080] The constant temperature water tank 5d is arranged outside the environmental chamber 3, the circulating fan 5a and the collector 5b are arranged in the metering chamber 13, the circulating fan 5a and the collector 5b are arranged facing each other, and the collector 5b is communicated with the constant temperature water tank 5d through the circulating water path 5c;

[0081] The heating device 6 is a constant power electric heater, and the heating device 6 is fixedly installed in the metering chamber 13.

[0082] Among them, the circulating water device 5 is used for the detection of the shading coefficient, and the heating device 6 is used for the detection of the heat transfer coefficient. Since in the heat transfer detection, a continuous and stable heat source needs to be provided in the environmental chamber 3, electric heating is the most stable and the heating quantity is easy to calculate. By using a constant power electric heater to maintain a constant temperature difference between the environmental chamber 3 and the light guide chamber 2, dynamic thermal disturbances are eliminated. Therefore, the heating device 6 is a constant power electric heater. In the detection of the shading coefficient, through the combination of the collector 5b + circulating fan 5a + circulating water path 5c + constant temperature water tank 5d, a dynamic thermal balance environment is constructed. The collector 5b and the circulating fan 5a flow cold water into the metering chamber because it is the easiest to measure the value of the heat flowing out by the way of cold water in and hot water out, and the heat change data can be obtained quickly and accurately.

[0083] Preferably, the second cooling and heating air conditioner 16 is installed on the top of the environmental chamber 3, and an air circulation pipeline 17 is installed beside the second cooling and heating air conditioner 16.

[0084] Since the heat transfer coefficient and the shading coefficient of the specimen 10 are detected under the same shading degree in the same environmental chamber 3, in order to be able to reset the temperature in the environmental chamber 3, a second cooling and heating air conditioner 16 is arranged on the top of the environmental chamber 3. The air temperature in the environmental chamber 3 is adjusted by outputting cold air or hot air through the second cooling and heating air conditioner 16. By opening the air circulation pipeline 17, fresh air from the outside can be introduced, so as to accelerate the air circulation in the environmental chamber 3.

[0085] Preferably, a speed regulating centrifugal fan 18 is arranged on the top of the light guide chamber 2.

[0086] By controlling the speed regulating centrifugal fan 18 to increase the speed, the air flow speed in the light guide chamber 2 is accelerated, so that the light guide chamber 2 can quickly reach the set temperature.

[0087] A measuring method for the heat transfer coefficient and the shading coefficient of an adjustable sunshade window, using the common measuring system for the heat transfer coefficient and the shading coefficient of doors and windows, such as Figure 3 , the measuring method includes:

[0088] Step S1: Install the specimen;

[0089] Close the light guide airtight door 12 and the light source box 1, separate the light guide box 2 from the environmental box 3, install the specimen 10 through the installation gap 8 at the installation opening 9; disconnect the connection between the heat collector 5b and the constant temperature water tank 5d; then dock and seal the light guide box 2 and the environmental box 3; control the temperature in the laboratory where the common measurement system for the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of the adjustable sunshade window is located at 25°C. When measuring the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient, the light source box 1 and the light guide box 2 are in the laboratory environment, and the experimenter is also in the laboratory, so ensure that the laboratory environment is at room temperature.

[0090] Step S2: Measure the heat transfer coefficient:

[0091] Start the refrigeration function of the first cooling and heating air conditioner 4 of the light guide box 2, adjust the air temperature of the light guide box 2 to -20°C, start the heating device 6, adjust the air temperature of the metering box 13 to 20°C, and start the second cooling and heating air conditioner 16 to adjust the air temperature of the environmental box 3 to 20°C;

[0092] Continuously measure the temperatures at each temperature control point. When the test conditions meet the standard requirements and each measurement parameter no longer changes unidirectionally, the computer automatically selects the test data, collects the first test data at a preset time interval, and calculates the heat transfer coefficient of the specimen 10.

[0093] The temperature difference between the light guide box 2 and the metering box 13 on both sides of the specimen 10 is -40°C. On the one hand, it is a common practice for the heat transfer coefficient measurement standard, and on the other hand, it is because the heat transfer coefficient measurement is more accurate when the temperature difference on both sides is large; setting the air temperature of the environmental box 3 to be the same as the air temperature inside the metering box 13 is to minimize the heat transfer between the metering box 13 and the environmental box 3, so that the heat transfer in the metering box 13 mainly occurs on the specimen 10 between the metering box 13 and the light guide box 2, which is beneficial to the accuracy of measuring the heat transfer coefficient of the specimen 10.

[0094] When measuring the heat transfer coefficient, the only heat added in the metering box 13 is the thermal power of the heating device 6, and the heat reduced is mainly the heat transfer from the specimen 10 into the light guide box 2. The heat transfer between the other walls is negligible. According to the heat transfer being the product of the temperature difference, area, and heat transfer coefficient, it is easy to calculate the heat transfer coefficient.

[0095] Step S3: Measure the shading coefficient:

[0096] Open the light guide airtight door 12, start the light source box 1, start the heating function of the first cooling and heating air conditioner 4, start the variable-speed centrifugal fan 18, adjust the air temperature in the light guide box 2 to 25 °C which is the same as the temperature in the laboratory. At the same time, start the second cooling and heating air conditioner 16 and the air circulation pipeline 17, quickly adjust the air temperature in the environmental chamber 3 to 25 °C which is the same as the temperature in the laboratory. At the same time, adjust the distance between the light source box 1 and the environmental chamber 3 so that the light emitted by the light source box 1 evenly shines on the test piece 10;

[0097] Connect the heat collector 5b to the constant temperature water tank 5d, start the circulating water device 5, and take away the light heat entering the metering box 13 through the heat collector 5b and the circulating fan 5a to keep the air temperature in the metering box 13 at 20 °C;

[0098] Continuously measure the temperatures of each temperature control point. When the test conditions meet the standard requirements and each measurement parameter no longer changes unidirectionally, the computer automatically selects the test data, collects the second test data at preset time intervals, and calculates the shading coefficient of the test piece 10; among them, the heat transfer coefficient calculated in step S2 is introduced into the calculation formula of the shading coefficient to calculate the heat transfer amount of the test piece 10. The heat transfer coefficients in the two side directions of the test piece 10 are the same. When measuring the heat transfer coefficient, the heat transfers from the metering box 13 through the test piece 10 to the light guide box 2. When measuring the shading coefficient, the heat transfers from the light guide box 2 through the test piece 10 to the metering box. When measuring the heat transfer coefficient, the temperature difference between the two sides is 40 °C, and the measurement accuracy of the heat transfer coefficient is higher. Because when the temperature difference between the two sides is very small, a slight temperature change may cause a large fluctuation in the heat transfer coefficient, so it is difficult to measure accurately. Therefore, when measuring the shading coefficient, the heat transfer coefficient obtained from the actual measurement under the same shading degree is directly introduced into the shading coefficient measurement formula, and the measurement accuracy of the shading coefficient will also be improved a lot.

[0099] The temperature in the laboratory is kept constant at 25 °C. When measuring the shading coefficient, the light guide box 2 is in communication with the air in the laboratory. In order to maintain the measurement condition of keeping the air temperature in the metering box 13 constant, the air temperature in the light guide box 2 must be quickly raised to 25 °C which is the laboratory temperature; such a switch between -20 °C and 25 °C seems to waste electric energy. However, since the light source box 1 does not need to be set inside the light guide box 2, the volume of the light guide box 2 is only a few cubic meters, and the temperature adjustment process can be completed automatically and quickly, so it will not consume too much electric energy.

[0100] The air temperature of the environmental chamber 3 is also adjusted to 25 °C to simulate that in a climate with strong sunlight in summer, the outdoor temperature is generally higher than that indoors, and a small amount of heat will also be transferred into the room through the wall parts other than the windows, so as to conform to the actual working conditions as much as possible. Since the volume of the environmental chamber 3 is also small, the conversion between 20 °C and 25 °C is automatically completed by the second cooling and heating air conditioner 16, and the air circulation pipeline 17 is used to increase the speed of temperature conversion, and it will not consume too much electricity.

[0101] When measuring the shading coefficient, the heat added to the metering box 13 is mainly the light heat transmitted through the test piece 10 by the light source, and a part is also the heat transferred into the metering box 13 through the test piece 10 by the light guide box 2. The heat reduced in the metering box 13 is mainly the heat exported by the circulating water device 5. According to the fact that the heat transferred by light is the product of illuminance, shading coefficient and area, it is easy to calculate the shading coefficient.

[0102] Step S4: Adjust the shading degree:

[0103] After adjusting the shading degree of the test piece 10, perform steps S2 and S3 again to measure the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient under multiple different shading degrees.

[0104] Preferably, the first test data includes: the heat dissipated by the heating device 6 of the metering box 13, the heat transferred from the metering box 13 into the light guide box 2 through the partition wall between the metering box 13 and the light guide box 2, the linear heat transfer amount of the installation contact line between the test piece 10 and the installation opening 9, the area of the test piece 10, and the air temperature difference between the light guide box 2 and the metering box 13 when measuring the heat transfer coefficient;

[0105] The second test data includes: the heat taken away by the circulating water device 5, the heat transferred from the light guide box 2 into the metering box 13 through the partition wall between the metering box 13 and the light guide box 2, the heat transferred from the light guide box 2 into the metering box through the test piece 10, the heat generated by the operation of the circulating fan 5a, the illuminance of the light source, and the air temperature difference between the light guide box 2 and the metering box 13 when measuring the shading coefficient.

[0106] Preferably, the formula for obtaining the heat transfer coefficient of the test piece based on the first test data is as follows:

[0107] Where Q hot is the heat dissipated by the heating device of the metering box, Q wall-out is the heat transferred from the metering box into the light guide box through the partition wall between the metering box and the light guide box, Q edge is the linear heat transfer amount of the installation contact line between the test piece and the installation opening, Q board is the heat transferred from the environmental chamber into the metering box through the partition wall between the metering box and the environmental chamber, A is the area of the test piece, and ΔT1 is the air temperature difference between the light guide box and the metering box when measuring the heat transfer coefficient;

[0108] The formula for obtaining the shading coefficient of the specimen based on the second test data is as follows:

[0109] Where Q fluid is the heat taken away by the circulating water equipment, Q window is the heat transferred from the light guide box through the specimen into the metering box, Q fan is the heat generated by the operation of the circulating fan, Q wall-in is the heat transferred from the light guide box through the partition wall between the metering box and the light guide box into the metering box, and I is the illuminance of the light source; where Q window = KAΔT2, and ΔT2 is the air temperature difference between the light guide box and the metering box when measuring the shading coefficient.

[0110] The shading coefficient calculated here is the combined shading coefficient of the glass and the adjustable shading structure of the specimen: curtains, louvers, etc. For plain glass itself, the shading coefficients of various types of glass are existing data. For example, the shading coefficient of white glass is 0.87.

[0111] When measuring the shading coefficient, the heat entering the metering box 13 is mainly light heat and the heat transferred from the light guide box 2 into the metering box 13 through the specimen 10. The heat reduced in the metering box 13 is the heat taken away by the circulating water equipment 5. Since the adjustable shading structure has a great influence on the heat transfer coefficient, the heat transferred from the light guide box 2 into the metering box 13 through the specimen 10 is calculated according to the heat transfer coefficient measured under the same shading degree as before to ensure more accurate measurement of the shading coefficient.

[0112] Preferably, the preset time interval in step S2 is 30 min, 6 readings are selected, and the weighted average value is taken to calculate the heat transfer coefficient; the preset time interval in step S3 is 10 min, 6 readings are selected, and the weighted average value is taken to calculate the shading coefficient.

[0113] Preferably, Q hot is directly measured, Q wall-out is the product of the heat transfer coefficient of the corresponding partition wall, the area of the partition wall, and the temperature difference between the two corresponding side walls, Q edge is the product of the time perimeter, the linear heat transfer coefficient, and the temperature difference between the light guide box and the metering box, Q board is the product of the heat transfer coefficient of the corresponding partition wall, the area of the partition wall, and the temperature difference between the two corresponding side walls, A is directly measured, and ΔT1 is measured by a temperature sensor; Q fluid is the product of the water flow rate, water density, flow time, specific heat capacity, and water temperature difference, Q wall-in is the product of the heat transfer coefficient of the corresponding partition wall, the area of the partition wall, and the temperature difference between the two corresponding side walls, Q fanI is directly measured by a power meter, I is directly measured by an illuminometer, and ΔT2 is measured by a temperature sensor.

[0114] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "schematic embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0115] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A common measurement system for heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of an adjustable sunshade window, characterized in that: It includes a light source box (1), a light guide box (2), an environmental box (3), and a metering box (13) arranged in sequence. A first cooling and heating air conditioner (4) is arranged in the light guide box (2), a temperature control device is arranged in the metering box (3), and a second cooling and heating air conditioner (16) is arranged in the environmental box (3). Temperature acquisition devices are arranged in the light guide box (2), the environmental box (3), and the metering box (13). The light source box (1), the light guide box (2), and the environmental box (3) are independent of each other and their relative positions are adjustable. The light source box (1) is not inside the light guide box (2) or the environmental box (3). There are two states between the light guide box (2) and the environmental box (3): docking and sealing, and leaving an installation gap (8). The light guide box (2) is provided with a light outlet (7), and the light outlet (7) faces the environmental box (3). One side of the environmental box (3) facing the light guide box (2) is provided with an installation opening (9), and the installation opening (9) is used to install an adjustable sunshade window as a test piece (10). One side of the light guide box (2)背离 the environmental box (3) is also provided with a light guide opening (11). A light guide sealing door (12) is hinged and installed at the edge of the light guide opening (11), and the light guide sealing door (12) can open or close the light guide opening (11). The light source box (1) is provided with a number of emission regions (1a) in the vertical direction. A light source generator is arranged in each emission region. The connection line between the upper edge of the installation opening (9) and the upper edge of the light guide sealing door (12) is used as the first reference line (19), and the connection line between the lower edge of the installation opening (9) and the lower edge of the light guide sealing door (12) is used as the second reference line (20). The emission region (1a) is located between the first reference line (19) and the second reference line (20). The metering box (13) is arranged in the environmental box (3). The metering box (13) is provided with an open opening that matches the installation opening (9). The cross-section of the metering box (13) is in a "C" shape. A pulley (14) is installed at the bottom of the metering box (13). The metering box (13) fits against the inner wall of the environmental box (3). The horizontal projection of the test piece (10) completely falls into the metering box (13). The metering box (13), the test piece (10), and a part of the inner wall of the environmental box (3) where the installation opening (9) is located form a sealed space.

2. The common measurement system for heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of an adjustable sunshade window according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a telescopic locking member (15). The fixed end of the telescopic locking member (15) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the environmental box (3) away from the installation opening (9), and the telescopic end of the telescopic locking member (15) faces the metering box (13). The telescopic end of the telescopic locking member (15) extends and abuts against the outer wall of the metering box (13).

3. The common measurement system for heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of an adjustable sunshade window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control device includes a circulating water device (5) and a heating device (6). The circulating water device (5) includes: a circulating fan (5a), a heat collector (5b), a circulating water path (5c), a constant temperature water tank (5d), and a flow meter (5e) installed in the circulating water path. The constant temperature water tank (5d) is arranged outside the environmental box (3), the circulation fan (5a) and the heat collector (5b) are arranged in the metering box (13), the circulation fan (5a) and the heat collector (5b) are arranged opposite to each other, and the heat collector (5b) is connected to the constant temperature water tank (5d) through a circulation water circuit (5c); The heating device (6) is a constant power electric heater, and the heating device (6) is fixedly installed in the metering box (13).

4. The common measurement system for heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of an adjustable sunshade window according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second cooling and heating air conditioner (16) is installed on the top of the environmental box (3), and an air circulation pipeline (17) is installed on the side of the second cooling and heating air conditioner (16).

5. The common measurement system for heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of an adjustable sunshade window according to claim 4, characterized in that: A speed-adjustable centrifugal fan (18) is arranged on the top of the light guide box (2).

6. A method for measuring the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of an adjustable sunshade window, using the common measurement system for the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of an adjustable sunshade window according to claim 5, characterized in that: The measuring method comprises: Step S1: Install the test piece: The light guide sealed door (12) and the light source box (1) are closed, the light guide box (2) and the environmental box (3) are separated, and the test piece (10) is installed in the installation port (9) through the installation gap (8); the connection between the heat collector (5b) and the constant temperature water tank (5d) is disconnected; the light guide box (2) and the environmental box (3) are then connected and sealed; the temperature in the laboratory where the common measurement system of the heat transfer coefficient and the shading coefficient of the adjustable sunshade window is located is controlled at 25°C; Step S2: Measure the heat transfer coefficient: The cooling function of the first cooling and heating air conditioner (4) of the light guide box (2) is started to adjust the air temperature of the light guide box (2) to -20°C, the heating device (6) is started to adjust the air temperature of the metering box (13) to 20°C, and the second cooling and heating air conditioner (16) is started to adjust the air temperature of the environmental box (3) to 20°C; Continuously measuring the temperature of each temperature control point, when the test conditions meet the requirements of the standard and the measurement parameters no longer change in one direction, the computer automatically selects the test data, collects the first test data at a preset time interval, and calculates the heat transfer coefficient of the test piece (10); Step S3: Measure the shading coefficient: Open the light guide sealed door (12), start the light source box (1), start the heating function of the first cold and warm air conditioner (4), start the speed-adjustable centrifugal fan (18), quickly adjust the air temperature in the light guide box (2) to the temperature in the laboratory at 25°C, and simultaneously start the second cold and warm air conditioner (16) and the air circulation pipeline (17), quickly adjust the air temperature in the environmental box (3) to the temperature in the laboratory at 25°C, and simultaneously adjust the distance between the light source box (1) and the environmental box (3) so that the light emitted by the light source box (1) evenly illuminates the test piece (10); The heat collector (5b) is connected to the constant temperature water tank (5d), and the circulating water device (5) is started to take away the light heat entering the metering box (13) through the heat collector (5b) and the circulating fan (5a), so that the air temperature of the metering box (13) is maintained at 20°C; The temperature of each temperature control point is continuously measured. When the test conditions meet the requirements of the standard and the measurement parameters no longer change in one direction, the computer automatically selects the test data, collects the second test data at a preset time interval, and calculates the shading coefficient of the test piece (10); wherein the heat transfer coefficient calculated in step S2 is introduced into the calculation formula of the shading coefficient to calculate the heat transfer amount of the test piece (10); Step S4: Adjust the degree of shading: After adjusting the shading degree of the test piece (10), steps S2 and S3 are performed to measure the heat transfer coefficient and the shading coefficient at a plurality of different shading degrees.

7. The method for measuring the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of an adjustable sunshade window according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first test data includes: the heat dissipated by the heating device (6) of the metering box (13), the heat transferred from the metering box (13) to the light guide box (2) through the partition wall between the metering box (13) and the light guide box (2), the line heat transferred between the installation contact line of the test piece (10) and the installation opening (9), the area of ​​the test piece (10), and the air temperature difference between the light guide box (2) and the metering box (13) when measuring the heat transfer coefficient; The second test data includes: the heat removed by the circulating water device (5), the heat transferred from the light guide box (2) to the metering box (13) through the metering box (13) and the partition wall of the light guide box (2), the heat transferred from the light guide box (2) to the metering box through the test piece (10), the working heat generated by the circulating fan (5a), the illumination of the light source and the air temperature difference between the light guide box (2) and the metering box (13) when measuring the shading coefficient.

8. The method for measuring the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of an adjustable sunshade window according to claim 6, characterized in that: The formula for obtaining the heat transfer coefficient of the specimen based on the first test data is as follows: Where Q hot is the heat dissipated by the heating equipment of the metering box, Q wall-out Q is the heat transferred from the metering box to the light guide box through the partition wall between the metering box and the light guide box. edge Q is the heat transfer between the test piece and the installation contact line, board is the heat transfer amount from the environmental box to the metering box through the partition wall between the metering box and the environmental box, A is the area of ​​the specimen, and ΔT1 is the air temperature difference between the light guide box and the metering box when measuring the heat transfer coefficient; The formula for obtaining the shading coefficient of the specimen based on the second test data is as follows: Where Q fluid The heat removed by the circulating water equipment, Q window Q is the heat transferred from the light guide box to the metering box through the test piece, fan The heat generated by the circulation fan, Q wall-in is the heat transfer from the light guide box to the metering box through the partition wall between the metering box and the light guide box, I is the illumination of the light source; where Q window =KAΔT2, ΔT2 is the air temperature difference between the light guide box and the metering box when measuring the shading coefficient.

9. The method for measuring the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of an adjustable sunshade window according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preset time interval of step S2 is 30 minutes, 6 readings are selected, and the weighted average is taken to calculate the heat transfer coefficient; the preset time interval of step S3 is 10 minutes, 6 readings are selected, and the weighted average is taken to calculate the shading coefficient.

10. The method for measuring the heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient of an adjustable sunshade window according to claim 8, characterized in that: Q hot Direct measurement shows that Q wall-out Q is the product of the heat transfer coefficient of the corresponding partition wall, the area of ​​the partition wall and the corresponding temperature difference between the two sides of the wall. edge Q is the product of the time circumference, the linear heat transfer coefficient, and the temperature difference between the light guide box and the metering box. board It is the product of the heat transfer coefficient of the corresponding partition wall, the area of ​​the partition wall and the temperature difference between the two sides of the wall. A is measured directly, and ΔT1 is measured by the temperature sensor; Q fluid Q is the product of water flow rate, water density, flow time, specific heat capacity and water temperature difference. wall-in Q is the product of the heat transfer coefficient of the corresponding partition wall, the area of ​​the partition wall and the corresponding temperature difference between the two sides of the wall. fan It is directly measured by a power meter, I is directly measured by an illuminance meter, and ΔT2 is measured by a temperature sensor.

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