Water disaster monitoring and preventing system for mine goaf

Abstract

The invention relates to a water disaster monitoring and preventing system for a mine goaf, which comprises a transmitting and receiving integrated coil, the transmitting and receiving integrated coil comprises a coil support in a cube frame shape and a hollow multi-turn layered winding enameled coil, the enameled coil is a square layered coil, and the coil support is provided with a plurality of coils. The input end and the output end of the enameled coil are connected into the transient electromagnetic equipment in a twisted pair winding mode, a transmitting circuit and a receiving circuit of the transient electromagnetic equipment are integrated in an isolated mode, and the transient electromagnetic equipment is matched with the enameled coil. The transmitting and receiving integrated coil is arranged and comprises the coil support in the shape of the cube frame and the hollow multi-turn enameled coil wound on the coil support in a layered mode, so that the mine goaf monitoring device has the advantages of being integrated in transmitting and receiving, small in size, convenient to lay and capable of achieving continuous monitoring and is convenient to lay in a mine goaf; and the water disaster monitoring work of the whole area of the mine goaf can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine water disaster monitoring, and particularly to a water disaster monitoring and prevention system for a mined - out area of a mine. Background Technique

[0002] The transient electromagnetic detection technology analyzes strata of different lithologies from the perspective of electrical properties. Its general rule is that the resistivity value of coal seams is relatively high, followed by sandstone, and the lowest for claystone. That is, there are obvious differences in conductivity between mudstone, claystone, siltstone, etc. and coal seams. Due to the relatively clear sedimentary sequence of coal - bearing strata, in the state of the original strata, the conductivity characteristics have a fixed variation law longitudinally and are relatively uniform laterally. When there is a tectonic fracture zone, if the structure does not contain water, its conductivity is poor, resulting in an increase in local resistivity values; if the structure contains water, due to the good conductivity of the water - bearing body, there is an obvious electrical difference between it and the surrounding rock. In short, once there are geological structures such as faults and fractures, whether they contain water or not, they will break the variation laws of strata electrical properties longitudinally and laterally. The existence of this variation characteristic provides a good geophysical premise for the implementation of electrical prospecting technologies based on conductivity differences.

[0003] The transient electromagnetic method follows the principle of electromagnetic induction. Its mechanism is the eddy - current field effect generated by a conductive medium under the excitation of a step - change electromagnetic field. That is, an ungrounded loop or magnetic dipole is used to emit pulsed electromagnetic waves into the ground as the excitation field source (also called the primary field). According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, after the pulsed electromagnetic wave ends, in the action of the excitation field (i.e., the primary field), induced eddy currents will be generated inside the earth or the detection target body. These eddy currents have spatial and time characteristics. Their magnitude is related to many factors, such as the spatial and electrical characteristics of the target body, the characteristics of the excitation field, etc., and will gradually weaken and disappear due to heat loss. Although people cannot directly measure the magnitude of these eddy currents, they can use special instruments to observe the intensity, spatial distribution characteristics, and time characteristics of the electromagnetic field (called the secondary field) generated by these eddy currents.

[0004] Equipment for transient electromagnetic method generally includes a transient electromagnetic instrument, a transmitting coil, and a receiving coil. The transient electromagnetic instrument integrates a transmitting circuit electrically connected to the transmitting coil, a receiving circuit electrically connected to the receiving coil, and a communication module for data transmission with a PC terminal. Existing transmitting coils and receiving coils are mostly large-loop devices with a size of more than 20m×20m, and the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are mostly designed separately, which have the disadvantages of large volume and large floor area. Especially in the case of limited space in the mined-out area of a mine, it is not conducive to the laying of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil. In addition, existing transient electromagnetic equipment is mostly used for geological exploration before mine exploitation and is not suitable for continuous monitoring of the mined-out area of a mine, resulting in difficulty in timely detection in the case of water hazards such as water seepage in the mined-out area, and difficulty in timely determining its position when the transient electromagnetic equipment or the integrated transmitting and receiving coil is damaged or moved, causing inaccurate water hazard monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a water hazard monitoring and prevention system for the mined-out area of a mine, and develops an integrated transmitting and receiving coil with a small volume, easy to lay, and capable of continuous monitoring, which can realize the water hazard monitoring work for the entire area of the mined-out area of a mine.

[0006] The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0007] A water hazard monitoring and prevention system for the mined-out area of a mine includes an integrated transmitting and receiving coil. The integrated transmitting and receiving coil includes a coil support in the shape of a cube frame. The coil support includes four first columns, and the four first columns are respectively located at the four vertical sides of the cube. Between the two first columns on the left and between the two first columns on the right are respectively connected by a plurality of first connecting rods. Between the two first columns on the front side and between the two first columns on the rear side are respectively connected by a folding connection assembly. At the upper end of the coil support, there is a cross-shaped stabilizing member connected to the two folding connection assemblies. A enameled wire coil is wound from top to bottom between the four first columns. The enameled wire coil is a square stratified coil, arranged in a hollow multi-turn stratified manner. The input end and the output end of the enameled wire coil are wound in a twisted pair and connected to the transient electromagnetic equipment. The transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit of the transient electromagnetic equipment are integrated in an isolated manner, and the transient electromagnetic equipment is matched with the enameled wire coil.

[0008] Furthermore, a plurality of the integrated transmitting and receiving coils are provided, and the plurality of integrated transmitting and receiving coils are evenly arranged in a rectangular array inside the mined-out area of a mine.

[0009] Further, the folding connection assembly includes a second upright post. First movable rings are coaxially sleeved on the upper and lower ends of the second upright post respectively. A first movable rod is horizontally connected to the outer side of the first movable ring. The other end of the first movable rod is connected to a second movable ring. The second movable ring is coaxially sleeved on the first upright post on the left side. Third movable rings are also coaxially sleeved on the upper and lower ends of the second upright post respectively. A second movable rod is horizontally connected to the outer side of the third movable ring. The other end of the second movable rod is connected to a fourth movable ring. The fourth movable ring is coaxially sleeved on the first upright post on the right side.

[0010] Further, a wire passing hole for allowing an enameled wire coil to pass through is horizontally penetrated through the second upright post. A plurality of wire passing holes are provided, and the plurality of wire passing holes are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the second upright post.

[0011] Further, the cross-shaped stabilizing member includes a first horizontal rod. First bolt holes are coaxially arranged at the upper ends of the two second upright posts respectively. First connecting bolts for adapting to the first bolt holes are arranged at the front and rear ends of the first horizontal rod respectively.

[0012] Further, the cross-shaped stabilizing member further includes a second horizontal rod. The middle part of the upper end surface of the second horizontal rod is connected to the middle part of the lower end surface of the first horizontal rod, and the second horizontal rod and the first horizontal rod are perpendicularly arranged to each other. Second bolt holes are vertically arranged at the middle parts of the two first connecting rods at the uppermost end respectively. Second connecting bolts for adapting to the second bolt holes are arranged at the left and right ends of the second horizontal rod respectively.

[0013] Further, a protection assembly is arranged directly above the coil support. The protection assembly includes a horizontal protection plate arranged directly above the coil support, and the length and width dimensions of the horizontal protection plate are not less than the cross-sectional dimensions of the coil support. A detachable connecting member for connecting to the middle parts of the first horizontal rod and the second horizontal rod is vertically downward arranged at the middle part of the lower end of the horizontal protection plate.

[0014] Further, first fastening holes are coaxially arranged at the middle parts of the first horizontal rod and the second horizontal rod respectively. The detachable connecting member includes a connecting seat. The upper end surface of the connecting seat is connected to the middle part of the lower end surface of the horizontal protection plate through a third connecting bolt. A screw rod for passing through the first fastening hole is vertically downward arranged at the middle part of the lower end of the connecting seat, and a fastening nut is adapted to the lower end of the screw rod.

[0015] Further, a number of buffer components are also arranged inside the lower end of the connecting seat. The buffer components include a first sliding cavity arranged inside the lower end of the connecting seat. The axial direction of the first sliding cavity is vertically arranged. A first sliding block is fitted inside the first sliding cavity. A buffer rod is vertically and downwardly arranged on the lower end surface of the first sliding block. A buffer spring is arranged between the upper end surface of the first sliding block and the first sliding cavity. The lower end of the buffer rod penetrates through the lower end surface of the connecting seat and is horizontally connected with a buffer plate. The upper end of the screw rod is connected to the middle part of the lower end surface of the buffer plate; the number of the buffer components is evenly distributed in a rectangular array.

[0016] Further, tightening components are respectively arranged at the corner positions of each enameled wire coil on the first upright post. The tightening components include a second sliding cavity. The axial directions of the second sliding cavity intersect and are perpendicular to the axial direction of the first upright post. A second sliding block is fitted inside the second sliding cavity. A tightening rod is arranged on the side surface of the second sliding block close to the enameled wire coil. A return spring is arranged between the other side of the second sliding block and the second sliding cavity. The other end of the tightening rod penetrates through the side surface of the first upright post and is connected with a tightening head. An arc-shaped groove for the enameled wire coil to pass through and turn a corner is arranged on the side surface of the tightening head away from the tightening rod.

[0017] Further, internal threaded holes are coaxially arranged at the lower end parts of each first upright post. Second screw rods are fitted inside the internal threaded holes. An abutting plate is arranged at the lower end of the second screw rod. Through holes for anchoring are also arranged on the abutting plate.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) The water disaster monitoring and prevention system for a mined-out area of a mine in the present invention, by arranging a transmitting and receiving integrated coil, including a coil support in the shape of a cube frame and an enameled wire coil wound in a hollow multi-turn and layered manner on the coil support, has the advantages of integrated transmitting and receiving, small volume, convenient laying and continuous monitoring, is convenient to be arranged inside the mined-out area of the mine, and can realize the water disaster monitoring work for the entire area of the mined-out area of the mine.

[0020] (2) The water disaster monitoring and prevention system for a mined-out area of a mine in the present invention, by arranging a folding connection component and a cross-shaped stabilizing member, is convenient for folding and carrying the coil support before laying, and is convenient for the coil support to be unfolded and formed by the connection of the cross-shaped stabilizing member and the coil support during laying.

[0021] (3) The water disaster monitoring and prevention system for a mined-out area of a mine in the present invention, by arranging a protection component and a buffer component directly above the coil support, the arrangement of the horizontal protection plate can avoid the damage of the transmitting and receiving integrated coil caused by the rock blocks falling from the upper rock wall during the mine excavation, and ensures the accuracy of its detection.

[0022] (4) A water disaster monitoring and prevention system for a mine goaf of the present invention arranges a plurality of transceiver integrated coils and matching transient electromagnetic devices in a rectangular array inside the mine goaf, and sets a self-organizing three-layer network for all the transient electromagnetic devices, which is convenient for unified management and instruction issuance by the PC side. The PC side can construct a geological imaging map of the mine goaf according to the acquisition data transmitted by the three-level transient electromagnetic devices communicating with it. Moreover, when an abnormal situation occurs, the PC side can determine and display the specific position of the abnormal transient electromagnetic device according to the beacon in the abnormal information, so as to realize the monitoring of the water disaster situation of the mine goaf geology and the real-time monitoring of the network abnormality of the transient electromagnetic devices and the abnormality of the transceiver integrated coils. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the transceiver integrated coil of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the coil support of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the first upright column of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the second upright column of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the protection component of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 is of the present invention Figure 5 partial enlarged schematic diagram at position A.

[0029] Figure 7 is of the present invention Figure 3 partial enlarged schematic diagram at position B.

[0030] Figure 8 is the equivalent damping circuit diagram of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 is the analog buffer circuit diagram of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 10 is the layout diagram of the transceiver integrated coil of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1. First vertical column; 2. First connecting rod; 3. Foldable connection assembly; 31. Second vertical column; 32. First movable ring; 33. First movable rod; 34. Second movable ring; 35. Third movable ring; 36. Second movable rod; 37. Fourth movable ring; 38. Wire passing hole; 39. First bolt hole; 4. Enameled wire coil; 51. First horizontal rod; 52. Second horizontal rod; 53. First fastening hole; 61. Horizontal protection plate; 62. Connection seat; 63. Third connection bolt; 64. Buffer plate; 65. Screw rod; 66. Fastening nut; 7. Buffer assembly; 71. First sliding cavity; 72. First slider; 73. Buffer rod; 74. Buffer spring; 8. Tightening wire assembly; 9. Second bolt hole; 81. Second sliding cavity; 82. Second slider; 83. Tightening wire rod; 84. Tightening wire head; 85. Return spring. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the related invention, rather than limiting the invention. Additionally, it should be noted that for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the drawings.

[0035] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] The present invention provides a water hazard monitoring and prevention system for the gob area of a mine. Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, including a transmitting and receiving integrated coil. The transmitting and receiving integrated coil includes a coil support in the shape of a cube frame and a coil wound around the coil support. The coil support includes four first columns 1 with a length of 50 - 90 cm. The four first columns 1 are respectively located at the four vertical sides of the cube. Between the two first columns 1 on the left and between the two first columns 1 on the right are respectively connected by a number of first connecting rods 2. Between the two first columns 1 on the front side and between the two first columns 1 on the back side are respectively connected by a folding connection component 3. At the upper end of the coil support, there is a cross-shaped stabilizing member connected to the two folding connection components 3. From top to bottom, an enameled wire coil 4 is wound between the four first columns 1. The diameter of the enameled wire coil 4 is 0.1 - 0.15 mm, the layer spacing of the enameled wire coil 4 is 1.5 - 2 cm, and the number of turns is 30. The enameled wire coil 4 is a square layered coil, arranged in a hollow multi-layered manner. The input end and the output end of the enameled wire coil 4 are wound in a twisted pair and connected to the transient electromagnetic device. The transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit of the transient electromagnetic device are integrated in an isolated manner, and the transient electromagnetic device is matched with the enameled wire coil 4. The coil support is made of insulating material. By setting the transmitting and receiving integrated coil, including a coil support in the shape of a cube frame and an enameled wire coil wound around the coil support in a hollow multi-layered manner, it has the advantages of integrated transmitting and receiving, small volume, convenient laying, and continuous monitoring, which is convenient for laying inside the mined - out area of the mine and can realize the water hazard monitoring work for the entire area of the mined - out area of the mine.

[0038] Further, as a specific implementation manner, referring to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the folding connection component 3 includes a second column 31. At the upper and lower ends of the second column 31, first movable rings 32 are coaxially sleeved respectively. Horizontally connected to the outer side of the first movable ring 32 is a first movable rod 33. The other end of the first movable rod 33 is connected to a second movable ring 34, and the second movable ring 34 is coaxially sleeved on the first column 1 on the left. At the upper and lower ends of the second column 31, third movable rings 35 are also coaxially sleeved respectively. Horizontally connected to the outer side of the third movable ring 35 is a second movable rod 36. The other end of the second movable rod 36 is connected to a fourth movable ring 37, and the fourth movable ring 37 is coaxially sleeved on the first column 1 on the right. The second column 31 is made of insulating material. The first movable ring 32 and the third movable ring 35 can rotate around the axis on the second column 31, and the second movable ring 34 and the fourth movable ring 37 can rotate around the axis on the first column 1. By setting the folding connection component 3, it is convenient to fold and carry the coil support before laying.

[0039] Further, as a specific implementation manner, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4, a wire passing hole 38 for allowing the enameled coil 4 to pass through is provided through the left and right of the second upright post 31. A plurality of wire passing holes 38 are provided, and the plurality of wire passing holes 38 are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the second upright post 31; the cross-shaped stabilizing member includes a first horizontal rod 51. First bolt holes 39 are coaxially provided at the upper ends of the two second upright posts 31 respectively. First connecting bolts adapted to the first bolt holes 39 are provided at the front and rear ends of the first horizontal rod 51 respectively; the cross-shaped stabilizing member further includes a second horizontal rod 52. The middle part of the upper end surface of the second horizontal rod 52 is connected to the middle part of the lower end surface of the first horizontal rod 51, and the second horizontal rod 52 and the first horizontal rod 51 are perpendicularly arranged to each other. Second bolt holes 9 are vertically provided at the middle parts of the two first connecting rods 2 located at the uppermost end respectively. Second connecting bolts adapted to the second bolt holes 9 are provided at the left and right ends of the second horizontal rod 52 respectively. During installation, the unfolding of the coil bracket is facilitated by the unfolding of the first movable rod 33 and the second movable rod 36 and the connection between the cross-shaped stabilizing member and the second upright post 31.

[0040] Further, as a specific implementation manner, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5 , a protection component is provided directly above the coil bracket. The protection component includes a horizontal protection plate 61 provided directly above the coil bracket, and the length and width dimensions of the horizontal protection plate 61 are not less than the cross-sectional dimensions of the coil bracket. A detachable connecting member for connecting to the middle parts of the first horizontal rod 51 and the second horizontal rod 52 is vertically downward provided at the middle part of the lower end of the horizontal protection plate 61; First fastening holes 53 are coaxially provided at the middle parts of the first horizontal rod 51 and the second horizontal rod 52 respectively. The detachable connecting member includes a connecting seat 62. The upper end surface of the connecting seat 62 is connected to the middle part of the lower end surface of the horizontal protection plate 61 through a third connecting bolt 63. A screw rod 65 for passing through the first fastening hole 53 is vertically downward provided at the middle part of the lower end of the connecting seat 62. A fastening nut 66 is adapted to the lower end part of the screw rod 65. After the first horizontal rod 51 and the second horizontal rod 52 are connected to the upper end parts of the first connecting rod 2 and the second upright post 31 through bolts, the screw rod 65 is successively passed through the first fastening hole 53, and the fastening between the connecting seat 62 and the first horizontal rod 51 and the second horizontal rod 52 is realized through the fastening nut 66. By providing the horizontal protection plate 61 directly above the coil bracket, the setting of the horizontal protection plate 61 can prevent the rock blocks falling from the upper rock wall during the mining of the mine from damaging the sending and receiving integrated coil, ensuring the accuracy of its detection.

[0041] Further, as a specific implementation manner, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6, inside the lower end of the connecting seat 62, several buffer components 7 are further provided. The buffer component 7 includes a first sliding cavity 71 provided inside the lower end of the connecting seat 62. The axial direction of the first sliding cavity 71 is vertically arranged. A first sliding block 72 is fitted inside the first sliding cavity 71. A buffer rod 73 is vertically and downwardly arranged on the lower end surface of the first sliding block 72. A buffer spring 74 is arranged between the upper end surface of the first sliding block 72 and the first sliding cavity 71. The lower end of the buffer rod 73 penetrates through the lower end surface of the connecting seat 62 and is horizontally connected with a buffer plate 64. The upper end of the screw rod 65 is connected to the middle part of the lower end surface of the buffer plate 64; several buffer components 7 are evenly distributed in a rectangular array. After the rock block falls and hits the horizontal protection plate 61, the horizontal protection plate 61 has a downward impact force, which will directly be transmitted to the first horizontal rod 51, the second horizontal rod 52 and then to the coil bracket. By providing the buffer component 7, the impact force of the horizontal protection plate 61 can be buffered, reducing the impact of the impact force on the coil bracket and further improving the detection accuracy of the transmitting and receiving integrated coil.

[0042] Further, as a specific implementation manner, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 7 , on each first upright post 1, tight wire components 8 are respectively arranged at the corner positions of each enameled wire coil 4. The tight wire component 8 includes a second sliding cavity 81. The axial directions of the second sliding cavity 81 intersect and are perpendicular to the axial direction of the first upright post 1. A second sliding block 82 is fitted inside the second sliding cavity 81. A tight wire rod 83 is arranged on the side surface of the second sliding block 82 close to the enameled wire coil 4. A return spring 85 is arranged between the other side of the second sliding block 82 and the second sliding cavity 81. The other end of the tight wire rod 83 penetrates through the side surface of the first upright post 1 and is connected with a tight wire head 84. An arc-shaped groove for the enameled wire coil 4 to pass through and turn a corner is arranged on the side surface of the tight wire head 84 away from the tight wire rod 83. In the initial state, the return spring 85 is in a compressed state, applying a continuous tension to the enameled wire coil 4, which can reduce the uneven distribution caused by the slight elongation of the enameled wire coil 4 due to long-term work, aging, etc. The tension of the tight wire head 84 can keep the enameled wire coil 4 in a tensioned state for a long time, avoiding the situation of uneven distribution of the coil.

[0043] Further, as an implementation manner, an internal thread hole is coaxially arranged at the lower end of each first upright post 1. A second screw rod is fitted inside the internal thread hole. A butt plate is arranged at the lower end of the second screw rod. Through holes for anchoring are further arranged on the butt plate. Since the ground inside the mined-out area of the mine is not in a flat state, in order to make each transmitting and receiving integrated coil in a vertical state, by screwing the second screw rod, the height of the first upright post 1 from the ground can be adjusted, so that the four first upright posts 1 are all on the same horizontal plane, ensuring that the transmitting and receiving integrated coil is in a vertical state. The through holes for anchoring arranged on the butt plate facilitate the fixation of the four first upright posts 1 to the ground, avoiding the self-movement of the transmitting and receiving integrated coil.

[0044] Further, as a specific implementation manner, refer to Figure 10 , a plurality of integrated transmitting and receiving coils are provided, and the plurality of integrated transmitting and receiving coils are uniformly arranged in a rectangular array inside the mined - out area of the mine; each integrated transmitting and receiving coil is matched with a transient electromagnetic device, and each transient electromagnetic device is configured with a wireless communication module. The integrated transmitting and receiving coils are uniformly arranged in a rectangular array along the roadway length direction of the mined - out area of the mine to realize the detection of the entire roadway of the mined - out area of the mine.

[0045] Embodiment 2

[0046] When the integrated transmitting and receiving coil emits pulsed electromagnetic waves as an excitation field source to the underground of the mine geology, during the period from when the emission current is emitted until it drops to zero, there will be a short - term residual energy in the enameled coil. And due to the relatively small equivalent resistance of the enameled coil, the residual energy will form an RLC (resistance R, inductance L, capacitance C) circuit with the coil, and the circuit will be in an under - damped state. It is necessary to introduce a damping resistor to avoid the influence of current oscillation on the subsequent acquisition of the secondary field. Figure 8 is the equivalent circuit after adding the damping resistor. Generally, the damping state of the damping circuit is described by the damping coefficient. When the damping coefficient is 1, the circuit will be in a critically damped state.

[0047] In addition, to improve the signal quality, it is necessary to suppress the noise of the coil. It also includes an analog buffer module. The analog buffer module includes an analog buffer circuit. The analog buffer circuit includes a differential operational amplifier and peripheral circuits. The integrated operational amplifier supports differential amplification and is suitable for amplifying high - speed weak signals. The integrated operational amplifier is designed as a voltage follower, which can play the role of signal buffering and increasing the input impedance. Figure 9 is the schematic diagram of the analog buffer circuit, including current - limiting resistors (R1, R2) for preventing large currents from surging into the operational amplifier; TVS tubes (D2, D3) for limiting the input voltage; differential impedance - matching resistors (R3, R5, R4, R6) for improving the signal transmission quality, and a damping resistor (R7). In the existing situation, the coil resonates when an input signal is applied and will generate a spike at the resonance point. For the spike signal, if not processed, the subsequent circuit will be damaged after long - term operation. The analog buffer module can effectively suppress the spike, improving the overall safety and stability of the circuit. The designed analog buffer can not only effectively suppress resonance and increase the input impedance, but also has almost no influence on the response signal of the coil, making it very suitable for matching with the designed coil.

[0048] Embodiment 3

[0049] A method for monitoring and preventing water hazards in the mined - out area of a mine specifically includes the following steps:

[0050] S1, arrange the integrated transmitting and receiving coils and the transient electromagnetic devices matched with them in a rectangular array on the ground of the mined - out area of the mine;

[0051] S2, stratify and group all transient electromagnetic devices arranged in a rectangular array, and divide the transient electromagnetic devices into three layers: primary transient electromagnetic devices, secondary transient electromagnetic devices, and tertiary transient electromagnetic devices;

[0052] S3, use the grid division method to divide all transient electromagnetic devices into multiple groups of primary transient electromagnetic devices, and select one as a secondary transient electromagnetic device in each group of primary transient electromagnetic devices, and select some from multiple secondary transient electromagnetic devices as tertiary transient electromagnetic devices;

[0053] S4, the primary transient electromagnetic device sends a periodic beacon and acquisition data to the secondary transient electromagnetic device it is bound to. The secondary transient electromagnetic device receives the beacon and acquisition data of the primary transient electromagnetic devices it manages and determines whether they are working properly. If the secondary transient electromagnetic device determines that a certain primary transient electromagnetic device is abnormal, then it reports this abnormal information to the tertiary transient electromagnetic device bound to this secondary transient electromagnetic device, and after detection with the bound tertiary transient electromagnetic device, forwards it to the PC side;

[0054] S5, the secondary transient electromagnetic device periodically sends a beacon and acquisition data to the tertiary transient electromagnetic device it is bound to. The tertiary transient electromagnetic device receives the beacon and acquisition data of the secondary transient electromagnetic devices it manages and determines whether they are working properly. If the secondary transient electromagnetic device is abnormal, then the tertiary transient electromagnetic device bound to this secondary transient electromagnetic device performs detection and forwards it to the PC side;

[0055] S6, the tertiary transient electromagnetic device periodically sends a beacon and acquisition data to the next-hop tertiary transient electromagnetic device on its routing path to the PC side. The next-hop tertiary transient electromagnetic device receives the beacon and acquisition data of this tertiary transient electromagnetic device and determines whether they are working properly. If a certain tertiary transient electromagnetic device determines through the beacon that the previous-hop tertiary transient electromagnetic device it is bound to is abnormal, then it immediately forwards this abnormal information to its next-hop tertiary transient electromagnetic device until this abnormal information is forwarded to the PC side;

[0056] S7, the PC side constructs a geological imaging map of the mined - out area of the mine based on the acquisition data transmitted by the tertiary transient electromagnetic device communicating with it, and determines and displays the specific location of the abnormal transient electromagnetic device according to the beacon in the abnormal information.

[0057] The abnormal information includes that the acquisition data is empty or there are obvious problems with the acquisition data, the sent beacon cannot be detected, or the beacon level fluctuates beyond the set upper and lower thresholds. The acquisition data being empty or having obvious problems may indicate that the corresponding transient electromagnetic device or the transmit - receive integrated coil matched with it is damaged or abnormal. The large fluctuation of the beacon level may be that the transient electromagnetic device or the transmit - receive integrated coil matched with it has been moved.

[0058] The transmitting power of the first-level transient electromagnetic device is P1, and the transmitting powers of the second-level and third-level transient electromagnetic devices are P2. The corresponding one-hop communication distances are L1 and L2 respectively.

[0059] In step S3, the specific steps of the grid division method include:

[0060] S31. Let the set of all transient electromagnetic devices be A. The coordinates of transient electromagnetic device i ∈ A are (ih, iv), and the coordinates of the PC end are (Dh, Dv). Denote the grid with (Dh, Dv) as the center and L1 as the grid side length as (0, 0), and take

[0061]

[0062] Then all the grids composed of grids (m, n) where m = h_left,..., h_right and n = v_below,..., v_up can cover all transient electromagnetic devices;

[0063] S32. The transient electromagnetic devices falling within each grid form a secondary group. The transient electromagnetic device closest to the grid center in terms of distance is selected as the second-level transient electromagnetic device, denoted as second-level transient electromagnetic device j (m,n) , and the other transient electromagnetic devices are the first-level transient electromagnetic devices bound to it;

[0064] S33. Let Select the third-level transient electromagnetic device j (k,l) , as the third-level transient electromagnetic device. For any third-level transient electromagnetic device j (k,l) ,:

[0065] a. If l ≠ 0, let Bind its next-hop third-level transient electromagnetic device as

[0066] b. If l = 0, let Bind its next-hop third-level transient electromagnetic device as

[0067] The system time is periodically divided according to time slots, and the length of each time slot is T0.

[0068] The start time of the time slot is recorded as 0. Within each time slot period, the beacon and acquisition data transmission times of all first-level transient electromagnetic devices are restricted within [0, T1 + ΔT1]. The time period [0, T1] is evenly divided into 9 parts, and ΔT1 is a protection interval without information transmission. Starting from the grid closest to the PC side, each grid selects one time period with a length of T1 / 9 from the 9 parts as the beacon and acquisition data transmission time period for the first-level transient electromagnetic devices in this second-level group. The selection requirement is that the time period of the current grid cannot be the same as that of its adjacent grids. Since each grid has at most 8 neighbor grids, the above requirement can be met. Denote the maximum value of the number of first-level transient electromagnetic devices in all second-level groups as M1. Within the selected time period of this grid, the second-level transient electromagnetic devices evenly distribute a time period with a length of T1 / 9M1 as the beacon and acquisition data transmission time period for each first-level transient electromagnetic device. T1 / 9M1 is greater than the actual beacon and acquisition data transmission times to avoid interference problems caused by incomplete synchronization between transient electromagnetic devices.

[0069] Within each time slot period, the beacon and acquisition data transmission times of all second-level transient electromagnetic devices are restricted within [T1 + ΔT1, T1 + ΔT1 + T2 + ΔT2]. ΔT2 is a protection interval without information transmission. Starting from the grid closest to the PC side, each grid selects one time period with a length of as the beacon and acquisition data transmission time period for the second-level transient electromagnetic devices in this second-level group. The selection requirement is that the time period of the current second-level transient electromagnetic device cannot be the same as that of its adjacent second-level transient electromagnetic devices. Since each grid has at most 8 neighbor second-level transient electromagnetic devices, the above requirement can be met. is greater than the actual beacon and acquisition data transmission times to avoid interference problems caused by incomplete synchronization between transient electromagnetic devices.

[0070] Within each time slot period, the beacon and acquisition data transmission times of all third-level transient electromagnetic devices are restricted within [T1 + ΔT1 + T2 + ΔT2, T1 + ΔT1 + T2 + ΔT2 + T3 + ΔT3]. ΔT3 is a protection interval without information transmission. Starting from the third-level transient electromagnetic device closest to the PC side, each third-level transient electromagnetic device selects one time period with a length of as its beacon and acquisition data transmission time period. The selection requirement is that it cannot be the same as the time period of its adjacent third-level transient electromagnetic devices. Since each third-level transient electromagnetic device has at most 8 neighbor third-level transient electromagnetic devices, the above requirement can be met. is greater than the actual beacon and acquisition data transmission times to avoid interference problems caused by incomplete synchronization between transient electromagnetic devices.

[0071] The time period [T3 + ΔT1 + ΔT2 + ΔT3, T0] is the idle time within a time slot period. If the secondary transient electromagnetic device needs to report abnormal information, then within the idle time of each cycle, the CDMA / CA protocol is used to preempt the channel and send the abnormal information to the bound tertiary transient electromagnetic device. If the tertiary transient electromagnetic device needs to report abnormal information, it also uses the CDMA / CA protocol to preempt the channel and forward the abnormal information to the bound next-hop tertiary transient electromagnetic device until it is forwarded to the seismograph.

[0072] Three-layer network architecture and division of transient electromagnetic devices

[0073] In the exploration of geological water hazards in mined-out areas of mines, the transient electromagnetic device and its matching transmitting and receiving integrated coil are arranged in the following Figure 10 way. The distance between transient electromagnetic devices is 2 - 4 meters, and they are arranged according to the structure of grid points. The transient electromagnetic devices are configured with communication modules, and a wireless ad-hoc network is formed between the transient electromagnetic devices, which can report the collected data and abnormal information to the PC side.

[0074] In Figure 10 the shown layout diagram of transient electromagnetic devices, all 162 transient electromagnetic devices are divided into three layers: primary transient electromagnetic devices, secondary transient electromagnetic devices, and tertiary transient electromagnetic devices. The transient electromagnetic devices within each dotted box are divided into a secondary group. The blackened central transient electromagnetic device is the secondary transient electromagnetic device bound to this secondary group, and the others are primary transient electromagnetic devices. A part is selected from the secondary transient electromagnetic devices as tertiary transient electromagnetic devices, as shown by the Figure 10 transient electromagnetic devices marked in red. The polyline with arrows is the fixed path for the tertiary transient electromagnetic devices to reach the PC side. Except for the tertiary transient electromagnetic devices, the other secondary transient electromagnetic devices select the nearest tertiary transient electromagnetic device as their bound tertiary transient electromagnetic device according to the principle of the nearest distance.

[0075] The PC issues a detection instruction. First, the three - level transient electromagnetic device communicating with the PC receives the instruction, and then issues the instruction to the three - level transient electromagnetic device and the two - level transient electromagnetic device communicating with it. After that, the two - level transient electromagnetic device issues an instruction to the one - level transient electromagnetic device or collects data. Then, the one - level transient electromagnetic device collects data. Finally, the one - level transient electromagnetic device sends the beacon and the collected data to the two - level transient electromagnetic device it is bound to. The two - level transient electromagnetic device sends the beacon and the collected data to the three - level transient electromagnetic device it is bound to. The three - level transient electromagnetic device sends the beacon and the collected data to the next - hop three - level transient electromagnetic device it is bound to. The PC constructs a geological imaging map of the mined - out area of the mine based on the collected data transmitted by the three - level transient electromagnetic device communicating with it. In case of an abnormal situation, the two - level transient electromagnetic device sends an abnormal message through the three - level transient electromagnetic device it is bound to. The three - level transient electromagnetic device sends the abnormal message to the next - hop three - level transient electromagnetic device until the abnormal message is forwarded to the PC. The PC determines and displays the specific location of the abnormal transient electromagnetic device based on the beacon in the abnormal message, so as to realize the monitoring of the water damage situation of the geological conditions of the mined - out area of the mine and the real - time monitoring of the abnormal situation of the transient electromagnetic device network and the abnormal situation of the transmitting and receiving integrated coil.

[0076] The technical features of the above - described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above - described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as within the scope described in this specification.

[0077] The above - described embodiments only express the implementation manners of the present invention, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A water hazard monitoring and prevention system for mine goaf, characterized in that: The invention comprises a transmitting and receiving integrated coil, wherein the transmitting and receiving integrated coil comprises a coil support in the shape of a cube frame, wherein the coil support comprises four first upright posts (1), wherein the four first upright posts (1) are respectively located at the four vertical sides of the cube, wherein the two first upright posts (1) located on the left side and the two first upright posts (1) located on the right side are respectively connected by a plurality of first connecting rods (2), and the two first upright posts (1) located on the front side and the two first upright posts (1) located on the rear side are respectively connected by a folding connection assembly (3), wherein the upper portion of the coil support comprises a plurality of first connecting rods (2) and a plurality of first connecting rods (2) are connected to each other. A cross-shaped stabilizing member connected to the two foldable connecting components (3) is provided at the end, an enameled coil (4) is wound between the four first uprights (1) from top to bottom, the enameled coil (4) is a square layered coil, and is hollow and multi-turn layered. The input and output ends of the enameled coil (4) are connected to the transient electromagnetic device in the form of twisted pair wires. The transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit of the transient electromagnetic device are integrated in an isolated manner, and the transient electromagnetic device is matched with the enameled coil (4); the transmitting and receiving integrated coils are evenly arranged in a rectangular array inside the goaf of the mine.

2. A water hazard monitoring and prevention system for a mine goaf according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foldable connection assembly (3) comprises a second column (31), the upper and lower ends of the second column (31) are respectively coaxially sleeved with a first movable ring (32), the outer side of the first movable ring (32) is horizontally connected to a first movable rod (33), the other end of the first movable rod (33) is connected to a second movable ring (34), the second movable ring (34) is coaxially sleeved on the first column (1) located on the left side, the upper and lower ends of the second column (31) are also respectively coaxially sleeved with a third movable ring (35), the outer side of the third movable ring (35) is horizontally connected to a second movable rod (36), the other end of the second movable rod (36) is connected to a fourth movable ring (37), the fourth movable ring (37) is coaxially sleeved on the first column (1) located on the right side.

3. A water hazard monitoring and prevention system for a mine goaf according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second column (31) is provided with wire holes (38) on the left and right sides for passing the enameled coil (4), and a plurality of the wire holes (38) are provided. The plurality of the wire holes (38) are arranged in sequence at equal intervals along the length direction of the second column (31).

4. A water hazard monitoring and prevention system for a mine goaf according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross-shaped stabilizing member comprises a first horizontal rod (51), the upper ends of the two second uprights (31) are coaxially provided with first bolt holes (39), and the front and rear ends of the first horizontal rod (51) are respectively provided with first connecting bolts adapted to the first bolt holes (39).

5. A water hazard monitoring and prevention system for mine goaf according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross-shaped stabilizing member also includes a second horizontal rod (52), the middle part of the upper end surface of the second horizontal rod (52) is connected to the middle part of the lower end surface of the first horizontal rod (51), and the second horizontal rod (52) and the first horizontal rod (51) are arranged perpendicular to each other, and the middle parts of the two first connecting rods (2) located at the uppermost ends are respectively vertically provided with second bolt holes (9), and the left and right end parts of the second horizontal rod (52) are respectively provided with second connecting bolts for matching with the second bolt holes (9).

6. A water hazard monitoring and prevention system for a mine goaf according to claim 5, characterized in that: A protective component is arranged directly above the coil support, and the protective component includes a horizontal protective plate (61) arranged directly above the coil support, and the length and width of the horizontal protective plate (61) are not less than the cross-sectional dimensions of the coil support, and a detachable connecting piece for connecting with the middle of the first horizontal rod (51) and the second horizontal rod (52) is arranged vertically downward in the middle of the lower end of the horizontal protective plate (61).

7. A water hazard monitoring and prevention system for a mine goaf according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first horizontal rod (51) and the second horizontal rod (52) are coaxially provided with first fastening holes (53) in the middle, respectively. The detachable connecting member comprises a connecting seat (62). The upper end surface of the connecting seat (62) is connected to the middle part of the lower end surface of the horizontal protective plate (61) through a third connecting bolt (63). A screw rod (65) for penetrating the first fastening hole (53) is vertically downwardly provided in the middle part of the lower end of the connecting seat (62). The lower end of the screw rod (65) is adapted to be equipped with a fastening nut (66).

8. A water hazard monitoring and prevention system for a mine goaf according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of buffer components (7) are also arranged inside the lower end of the connecting seat (62), and the buffer components (7) include a first sliding cavity (71) arranged inside the lower end of the connecting seat (62), the axial direction of the first sliding cavity (71) is arranged vertically, and a first sliding block (72) is adapted inside the first sliding cavity (71), and a buffer rod (73) is arranged vertically downward on the lower end face of the first sliding block (72), and a buffer spring (74) is arranged between the upper end face of the first sliding block (72) and the first sliding cavity (71), and the lower end of the buffer rod (73) passes through the lower end face of the connecting seat (62) and is horizontally connected to a buffer plate (64), and the upper end of the screw rod (65) is connected to the middle part of the lower end face of the buffer plate (64); a plurality of the buffer components (7) are evenly distributed in a rectangular array.

9. A water hazard monitoring and prevention system for a mine goaf according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tensioning assembly (8) is provided on the first column (1) at the corner position of each enameled coil (4), the tensioning assembly (8) comprising a second sliding cavity (81), the axial direction of the second sliding cavity (81) intersecting and perpendicular to the axial direction of the first column (1), the interior of the second sliding cavity (81) being adapted to be provided with a second slider (82), a tensioning rod (83) being provided on a side surface of the second slider (82) close to the enameled coil (4), a return spring (85) being provided between the other side of the second slider (82) and the second sliding cavity (81), the other end of the tensioning rod (83) passing through the side surface of the first column (1) and being connected to a tensioning head (84), the tensioning head (84) being provided on a side surface away from the tensioning rod (83) with an arc-shaped groove for allowing the enameled coil (4) to pass through and turn a corner.

10. A water hazard monitoring and prevention system for mine goaf according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of each first column (1) is coaxially provided with an internal threaded hole, a second screw rod is adapted in the internal threaded hole, an abutment plate is provided at the lower end of the second screw rod, and a through hole for anchoring is also provided on the abutment plate.

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