Dandelion extract as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant extraction, and particularly relates to a dandelion extract as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: crushing dandelion to obtain raw material particles, then mixing the raw material particles with a vitamin solution, heating, stirring, filtering and separating filter residues and filtrate, enabling the filtrate to pass through a membrane, taking trapped fluid, concentrating, contacting with ion exchange resin, eluting to obtain eluent, and removing a solvent to obtain the dandelion extract. According to the preparation method of the dandelion extract, after the raw materials are subjected to superfine grinding, low-temperature stirring and acid-alcohol short-time extraction are adopted, the chicoric acid component can be effectively reserved, and effective components are prevented from being damaged in the extraction process. In addition, the grain-saving feed is prepared by comprehensively utilizing extracts and utilizing extraction residues, chicoric acid, molasses, sorghum stalks, siraitia grosvenorii residues, stevia rebaudiana and chrysanthemum residues and salt, and the feed can be used for raising cattle, pigs and poultry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of plant extraction, and particularly relates to a dandelion extract, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] There are few reports on obtaining chicoric acid from dandelion. Basically, it is obtained from chicory and echinacea. Moreover, the content of chicoric acid obtained by the existing dandelion extraction process is relatively low. Therefore, if we want to give full play to the medicinal value of dandelion to a greater extent, we need to optimize the process to extract the chicoric acid content in dandelion to the greatest extent, so as to give full play to the higher medicinal value of the dandelion extract. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the deficiencies existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a dandelion extract, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by at least one of the following technical solutions.

[0005] The preparation method of the dandelion extract provided by the present invention includes the following steps:

[0006] First, chop the dandelion, then crush it with an ultramicro pulverizer to obtain raw material particles, then mix them with a vitamin solution, raise the temperature for stirring treatment, filter and separate the filter residue and the filtrate, pass the filtrate through a membrane, take the retentate, concentrate it, contact it with an ion exchange resin, elute it, obtain an eluate, and remove the solvent to obtain the dandelion extract.

[0007] Further, the particle size of the raw material particles is less than 300 mesh; the vitamin solution is a mixture of vitamin C, alcohol and water, and the alcohol is ethanol or methanol; in the vitamin solution, the mass percentage concentration of vitamin C is 0.1-0.5%, and the volume percentage concentration of alcohol is 35-51%; the mass-volume ratio of the raw material particles to the vitamin solution is 1:5-16 g / mL; the temperature of the stirring treatment is 45-53 °C; the stirring treatment includes a first stirring treatment and a second stirring treatment; the time of both the first stirring treatment and the second stirring treatment is 1.5-2.5 hours; after the first stirring treatment is completed, the liquid and solid are separated to obtain a first extract, then the vitamin solution is added for the second stirring treatment, and the liquid and solid are separated again to obtain a second extract, and the two extracts are combined; in the filtration to obtain the filtrate, the pore size of the filter cloth used is 200 mesh; the membrane filtration includes: first filtering the filtrate through a membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 1000-1500 Da under a pressure of 290-670 Psi, collecting the permeate, and then filtering the permeate through an OSN membrane (full name Organic Solvent Nanofiltration, Chinese for organic solvent resistant nanofiltration membrane) under a pressure of 490-770 Psi, collecting the retentate; the molecular weight cut-off of the OSN membrane is 300-400 Da; the concentration is carried out under reduced pressure at a temperature less than 60 °C until the retentate does not contain alcohol, obtaining a concentrated retentate.

[0008] Further, the contact with the ion exchange resin includes: passing the concentrated retentate through a cation resin, then performing a first elution with pure water to obtain a first effluent and an eluate, combining them to obtain a combined solution, then passing the combined solution through an anion resin, then performing a second elution with pure water until the pH of the effluent is neutral, and then eluting with an acetic acid solution to obtain a second eluate.

[0009] Further, the mass ratio of the cation resin to the raw material particles is 1:4-5; the model of the cation resin is D113, D111 or D152, and the manufacturer of the cation resin is Amyco Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; the flow rate of the concentrated retentate passing through the cation resin is 0.5-1 BV / H resin volume; in the first elution, the volume of pure water used is 0.5-1 BV resin volume; the model of the anion resin is D201, D2004 or D918, and the manufacturer of the anion resin is Amyco Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; the mass ratio of the anion resin to the raw material particles is 1:2-4; the flow rate of the combined solution passing through the anion resin is 0.5-1 BV / H resin volume; the mass percentage concentration of the acetic acid solution is 0.5-2%, and the volume of the acetic acid solution is 1.5-3.5 BV resin volume.

[0010] Furthermore, the method for removing the solvent includes drying to remove the solvent and recrystallization; the drying to remove the solvent includes: concentrating the eluent under reduced pressure at less than 60°C until it does not contain acetic acid, and then directly drying to obtain the dandelion extract (the dandelion extract at this time has a chicoric acid content of more than 30% and is light yellow after HPLC detection); the recrystallization includes: concentrating the eluent under reduced pressure at less than 60°C to 50-60BRIX (BRXI is Baili degrees) to obtain a concentrated solution, and then adding acid, crystallizing at a temperature of 4-10°C for 4-8 hours, filtering the residue, washing with a small amount of pure water, and drying to obtain the dandelion extract (the dandelion extract at this time has a chicoric acid content of more than 90% after HPLC detection); the volume of the acid is 0.5-1% of the volume of the concentrated solution; the acid is formic acid, acetic acid or hydrochloric acid.

[0011] The present invention provides a dandelion extract prepared by the above preparation method.

[0012] The dandelion extract provided by the invention can be used in preparing food, beverage and feed.

[0013] The present invention provides an animal feed (for raising cattle, pigs and poultry), which comprises, by weight:

[0014]

[0015]

[0016] The method for preparing animal feed provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0017] The waste whole fruit residue of monk fruit, waste stevia leaf residue, straw stalks, a mixture of sorghum and corn stalks and sweet tea leaves are chopped, then powdered, sieved, added with formic acid and urea, stirred evenly, fermented to obtain a mixture, and then molasses, brewer's grains, salt and multivitamins are added to the mixture, mixed evenly, sent to a granulator for granulation, dried, sealed and bagged to obtain the animal feed.

[0018] Furthermore, the sieve hole size is 60 mesh, the fermentation treatment is to pile up the mixture and naturally ferment it for 20-30 days, the fermentation treatment temperature is 25-30 degrees Celsius; the particle size of the granulation is 2-10mm; the drying temperature is 60-70°C.

[0019] Preferably, in the mixture of sorghum and corn stalks, the mass ratio of sorghum to corn stalks is 1:1-1.5.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The preparation method of the dandelion extract provided by the present invention, after the raw materials are ultrafinely pulverized, low-temperature stirring and short-time extraction with acid and alcohol are adopted, which can effectively retain the chicoric acid component and prevent the destruction of active ingredients during the extraction process;

[0022] (2) The preparation method of the dandelion extract provided by the present invention uses two OSN membranes with different molecular weights for purification, and separates the active ingredients from impurities to optimize the purity of chicoric acid in the extract. At the same time, it also has the effect of decolorization;

[0023] (3) The preparation method of the dandelion extract provided by the present invention uses cation and anion exchange resins to further purify the content. The content of chicoric acid can reach more than 60%, and further, chicoric acid with a content of more than 90% can be obtained by crystallization; the whole process of the process is safe, environmentally friendly, pollution-free, the process is simple, has good adaptability, and is suitable for large-scale factory production;

[0024] (4) The preparation method of the dandelion extract provided by the present invention obtains a product with a chicoric acid content higher than 30% and a light yellow color. It is applicable in various aspects, such as food, beverages, etc. The extract can further obtain a product with a content higher than 90%, expanding the scope of its application fields.

[0025] (5) The preparation method of the animal feed provided by the present invention comprehensively uses the prepared feed. Compared with the daily feed, it effectively improves the immunity and resistance of pigs, cattle, and poultry. Without affecting the quality and various growth indicators of cattle, pigs, and poultry, it reduces the feed cost in livestock breeding, alleviates the current situation of food shortage and competition for food between humans and animals, and thus greatly improves the economic and ecological benefits in livestock breeding. The product has the characteristics of low price, simple production and use, obvious addition effect, and no adverse reactions. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 It is the HPLC detection result diagram of the dandelion extract obtained in step (4) of the preparation method provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is the HPLC detection result diagram of the dandelion extract obtained in step (4) of the preparation method provided in Example 4 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is the HPLC detection result diagram of the dandelion extract obtained in step (4) of the preparation method provided in Example 6 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 It is the HPLC detection result diagram of the dandelion extract obtained in step (5) of the preparation method provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5HPLC detection result diagram of the dandelion extract obtained in step (5) of the preparation method provided in Example 4 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 HPLC detection result diagram of the dandelion extract obtained in step (5) of the preparation method provided in Example 6 of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] The following further illustrates the specific implementation of the present invention in conjunction with examples, but the implementation and protection of the present invention are not limited thereto. It should be noted that for the processes not specifically described in detail below, those skilled in the art can implement or understand them with reference to the prior art. The reagents or instruments used without indicating the manufacturer are regarded as conventional products that can be obtained through commercial purchase.

[0033] The weight (mass) parts used in the following examples, by way of example, the weight unit can be grams, kilograms, etc., or any other commonly used dosage in the art.

[0034] The waste whole fruit residue of Siraitia grosvenorii used in the following examples is the fruit residue obtained after extracting the active ingredients from Siraitia grosvenorii, and is provided by Guilin Rhein Biotech Co., Ltd.

[0035] The waste residue of Stevia rebaudiana leaves used in the following examples is the leaf residue obtained after extracting the active ingredients from Stevia rebaudiana leaves, and is provided by Guilin Rhein Biotech Co., Ltd.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] A preparation method of a dandelion extract, comprising the following steps:

[0038] (1) Take 1000 g of dandelion, chop it, and use a superfine pulverizer to pulverize it to obtain raw material particles (particle size less than 300 mesh). Then mix it evenly with a vitamin solution (the vitamin solution is a mixture of vitamin C, ethanol, and water, where the mass percentage concentration of vitamin C is 0.1%, and the volume percentage concentration of ethanol is 35%). At this time, the mass-to-volume ratio of the raw material particles to the vitamin solution is 1:5 g / mL. Heat it up for the first stirring treatment (temperature is 45 degrees Celsius), and the time of the first stirring treatment is 2.5 hours. Filter and separate the filter residue and the filtrate to obtain the first extract. Then mix the filter residue evenly with a vitamin solution (the vitamin solution is a mixture of vitamin C, ethanol, and water, where the mass percentage concentration of vitamin C is 0.1%, and the volume percentage concentration of ethanol is 35%). At this time, the mass-to-volume ratio of the filter residue to the vitamin solution is 1:5 g / mL. Heat it up for the second stirring treatment (temperature is 45 degrees Celsius), and the time of the second stirring treatment is 2.5 hours. Filter and separate the filter residue and the filtrate to obtain the second extract. Combine the first extract and the second extract to obtain the total extract, and filter it with a filter cloth (200 mesh) to obtain the filtrate of the total extract;

[0039] (2) Filter the filtrate of the total extract obtained in step (1) through a membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 1000 under a pressure of 290 Psi, collect the permeate, and then filter the permeate through an OSN membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 300 under a pressure of 770 Psi, and collect the retentate;

[0040] (3) Concentrate the retentate obtained in step (2) under reduced pressure (temperature less than 60 degrees Celsius) until ethanol is removed, and then pass it through 200 g of cation resin (the model of the resin is D113, and the manufacturer is Amyco Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd.). The flow rate of the incoming column liquid medicine is 0.5 BV / H resin volume to obtain the first effluent. Then wash it with 0.5 BV resin volume of pure water to obtain the first washing solution. Combine the first effluent and the first washing solution to obtain the combined solution. Then pass the combined solution through 250 g of anion resin (model D201, manufacturer Amyco Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd.). The flow rate of the incoming column liquid medicine is 0.5 BV / H resin volume, wash it with pure water until the pH of the effluent is 7.0, and elute it with 3.5 BV resin volume of acetic acid solution (mass percentage concentration is 1%) to obtain the second eluate;

[0041] (4) Take the second eluate obtained in step (3), concentrate it under reduced pressure until acetic acid is removed, and then dry it to obtain a dandelion extract (appearance is light yellow). The chicoric acid content of this dandelion extract is detected by HPLC to be 31%, as shown in reference to Figure 1 shown;

[0042] (5) The second eluate in step (3) was concentrated under reduced pressure to 60 BRIX to obtain a concentrate, and then formic acid was added, wherein the volume of the formic acid was 0.5% of the volume of the concentrate, and the concentrate was allowed to stand for crystallization at a temperature of 4 degrees Celsius for 8 hours, and the crystals were filtered out, washed with pure water, and dried to obtain a dandelion extract (white in appearance). The dandelion extract was tested by HPLC to have a chicoric acid content of 94.6%, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 4 shown.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] An animal feed (for cattle, pigs and poultry), comprising, by weight:

[0045]

[0046] The mass ratio of sorghum to corn stalks in the mixture of sorghum and corn stalks is 1: 1. The animal feed can be prepared by using the dandelion extract (light yellow in appearance) in step (4) of Example 1, or by using the dandelion extract (white in appearance) in step (5) of Example 1. Example 2 uses the dandelion extract (light yellow in appearance) in step (4) of Example 1 as an example.

[0047] A method for preparing animal feed (for raising cattle, pigs and poultry), comprising the following steps:

[0048] The whole waste pomace of monk fruit, waste stevia leaves, a mixture of straw stalks, sorghum and corn stalks and sweet tea leaves are chopped into pieces of 2 cm, then powdered, sieved (the sieve opening is 60 meshes), added with formic acid and urea, stirred evenly, piled into a mountain shape, fermented (temperature is 30 degrees, time is 30 days) to obtain a mixture, then molasses, brewer's grains, salt and multivitamins are added to the mixture, mixed evenly, sent to a granulator for granulation (particle size is 5 mm), dried (temperature is 60°C), sealed and bagged to obtain the animal feed.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] A method for preparing a dandelion extract comprises the following steps:

[0051] (1) Take 1000 g of dandelion, chop it, and use a superfine grinder to pulverize it to obtain raw material particles (particle size less than 300 mesh). Then mix it evenly with a vitamin solution (the vitamin solution is a mixture of vitamin C, ethanol, and water, where the mass percentage concentration of vitamin C is 0.5%, and the volume percentage concentration of ethanol is 51%). At this time, the mass-to-volume ratio of the raw material particles to the vitamin solution is 1:5 g / mL. Raise the temperature for the first stirring treatment (temperature is 53 °C), and the time for the first stirring treatment is 1.5 hours. Filter to separate the filter residue and the filtrate to obtain the first extract. Then mix the filter residue evenly with a vitamin solution (the vitamin solution is a mixture of vitamin C, ethanol, and water, where the mass percentage concentration of vitamin C is 0.5%, and the volume percentage concentration of ethanol is 51%). At this time, the mass-to-volume ratio of the filter residue to the vitamin solution is 1:16 g / mL. Raise the temperature for the second stirring treatment (temperature is 53 °C), and the time for the second stirring treatment is 1.5 hours. Filter to separate the filter residue and the filtrate to obtain the second extract. Combine the first extract and the second extract to obtain the total extract, and filter it with a filter cloth (200 mesh) to obtain the filtrate of the total extract;

[0052] (2) Filter the filtrate of the total extract obtained in step (1) through a membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 1500 under a pressure of 670 Psi, collect the permeate, and then filter the permeate through an OSN membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 400 under a pressure of 770 Psi, and collect the retentate;

[0053] (3) Concentrate the retentate obtained in step (2) under reduced pressure (temperature less than 60 °C) until ethanol is removed, and then pass it through 200 g of cation resin (resin model is D111, manufacturer is Amyco Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd.). The flow rate of the liquid entering the column is 1 BV / H resin volume to obtain the first effluent. Then wash it with 1 BV resin volume of pure water to obtain the first washing solution. Combine the first effluent and the first washing solution to obtain the combined solution. Then pass the combined solution through 250 g of anion resin (model is D201, manufacturer is Amyco Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd.). The flow rate of the liquid entering the column is 1 BV / H resin volume, wash it with pure water until the pH of the effluent is 7.0, and elute it with 3.5 BV resin volume of acetic acid solution (mass percentage concentration is 0.5%) to obtain the second eluate;

[0054] (4) Take the second eluate obtained in step (3) and concentrate it under reduced pressure until acetic acid is removed, and then dry it to obtain a dandelion extract (appearance is light yellow). The chicoric acid content of this dandelion extract is detected by HPLC to be 30.58%, as shown in Figure 2 shown;

[0055] (5) Concentrate the second eluate described in step (3) under reduced pressure to 60 BRIX to obtain a concentrated solution, then add formic acid, the volume of the formic acid being 0.5% of the volume of the concentrated solution, let it stand for crystallization at 4 °C for 8 hours, filter to obtain crystals, wash with pure water, and dry the crystals to obtain a dandelion extract (appearance: white). The content of chicoric acid in this dandelion extract was detected by HPLC to be 96.6%, as referred to Figure 5 as shown.

[0056] Example 4

[0057] An animal feed (for feeding cattle, pigs, and poultry), by mass, comprises:

[0058] 1 part of dandelion extraction residue (i.e., the filter residue obtained by filtration and separation in step (1) of Example 1);

[0059]

[0060] Among the mixture of sorghum and corn stalks, the mass ratio of sorghum to corn stalks is 1:1.5. This animal feed can be prepared using the dandelion extract (appearance: light yellow) in step (4) of Example 3, or using the dandelion extract (appearance: white) in step (5) of Example 3. As an example, Example 4 uses the dandelion extract (appearance: light yellow) in step (4) of Example 3.

[0061] A preparation method of an animal feed (for feeding cattle, pigs, and poultry) comprises the following steps:

[0062] Cut the waste whole fruit residue of Siraitia grosvenorii, the waste leaves of Stevia rebaudiana, rice straw, the mixture of sorghum and corn stalks, and the leaves of sweet tea to a specification of 2 cm, then powder them, sieve (sieve holes are 60 mesh), add formic acid and urea, stir evenly, pile them up in a mountain shape, and perform fermentation treatment (temperature: 25 °C, time: 20 days) to obtain a mixed material. Then add molasses, brewery grains, salt, and compound vitamins to the mixed material, mix evenly, feed it into a granulator for granulation (particle size: 2 mm), dry (temperature: 70 °C), and seal and bag it to obtain the animal feed.

[0063] Example 5

[0064] A preparation method of a dandelion extract comprises the following steps:

[0065] (1) Take 1000 g of dandelion, chop it, and use an ultrafine pulverizer to pulverize it to obtain raw material particles (particle size less than 300 mesh). Then mix it evenly with a vitamin solution (the vitamin solution is a mixture of vitamin C, ethanol, and water, where the mass percentage concentration of vitamin C is 0.3% and the volume percentage concentration of ethanol is 40%). At this time, the mass-to-volume ratio of the raw material particles to the vitamin solution is 1:5 g / mL. Heat it up for the first stirring treatment (temperature is 50 degrees Celsius), and the time of the first stirring treatment is 2.0 hours. Filter and separate the filter residue and the filtrate to obtain the first extract. Then mix the filter residue evenly with a vitamin solution (the vitamin solution is a mixture of vitamin C, ethanol, and water, where the mass percentage concentration of vitamin C is 0.3% and the volume percentage concentration of ethanol is 40%). At this time, the mass-to-volume ratio of the filter residue to the vitamin solution is 1:5 g / mL. Heat it up for the second stirring treatment (temperature is 50 degrees Celsius), and the time of the second stirring treatment is 2.0 hours. Filter and separate the filter residue and the filtrate to obtain the second extract. Combine the first extract and the second extract to obtain the total extract, and filter it with a filter cloth (200 mesh) to obtain the filtrate of the total extract;

[0066] (2) Pass the filtrate of the total extract in step (1) through a membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 1000 under a pressure of 350 Psi, collect the permeate, and then pass the permeate through an OSN membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 350 under a pressure of 490 Psi, and collect the retentate;

[0067] (3) Concentrate the retentate in step (2) under reduced pressure (temperature less than 60 degrees Celsius) until ethanol is removed, and then pass it through 200 g of cation resin (resin model is D152, manufacturer is Amyco Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd.). The flow rate of the incoming column liquid medicine is 0.5 BV / H resin volume to obtain the first effluent. Then wash it with 0.5 BV resin volume of pure water to obtain the first washing solution. Combine the first effluent and the first washing solution to obtain the combined solution. Then pass the combined solution through 250 g of anion resin (model is D2004, manufacturer is Amyco Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd.). The flow rate of the incoming column liquid medicine is 0.7 BV / H resin volume, wash it with pure water until the pH of the effluent is 7.0, and elute it with 1.5 BV resin volume of acetic acid solution (mass percentage concentration is 2%) to obtain the second eluate;

[0068] (4) Take the second eluate in step (3) and concentrate it under reduced pressure until acetic acid is removed, and then dry it to obtain a dandelion extract (appearance is light yellow). The chicoric acid content of this dandelion extract is detected by HPLC to be 30.55%, as shown in Figure 3 shown;

[0069] (5) The second eluate in step (3) was concentrated under reduced pressure to 50 BRIX to obtain a concentrated solution, and then acetic acid was added, the volume of the acetic acid being 0.7% of the volume of the concentrated solution, and the solution was allowed to stand for crystallization at 4 degrees Celsius for 5 hours, the crystals were filtered out, washed with pure water, and dried to obtain a dandelion extract (white in appearance). The dandelion extract was tested by HPLC to have a chicoric acid content of 95.2%, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 shown.

[0070] Example 6

[0071] An animal feed (for cattle, pigs and poultry), comprising, by weight:

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] The mass ratio of sorghum to corn stalks in the mixture of sorghum and corn stalks is 1:1.2. The animal feed can be prepared by using the dandelion extract (light yellow in appearance) in step (4) of Example 5, or by using the dandelion extract (white in appearance) in step (5) of Example 5. Example 6 uses the dandelion extract (light yellow in appearance) in step (4) of Example 5 as an example.

[0075] A method for preparing animal feed (for raising cattle, pigs and poultry), comprising the following steps:

[0076] The whole waste pomace of monk fruit, waste stevia leaves, a mixture of straw stalks, sorghum and corn stalks and sweet tea leaves are chopped into pieces of 2 cm, then powdered, sieved (the sieve opening is 60 meshes), added with formic acid and urea, stirred evenly, piled into a mountain shape, fermented (the temperature is 27 degrees, the time is 25 days) to obtain a mixture, then molasses, brewer's grains, salt and multivitamins are added to the mixture, mixed evenly, sent to a granulator for granulation (particle size is 10 mm), dried (temperature is 65°C), sealed and bagged to obtain the animal feed.

[0077] The above embodiments are only preferred implementation modes of the present invention and are only used to explain the present invention rather than to limit the present invention. Any changes, substitutions, modifications, etc. made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of dandelion extract, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Crush dandelion to obtain raw material particles, then mix them with a vitamin solution, raise the temperature for stirring treatment, filter to separate the filter residue and the filtrate, pass the filtrate through a membrane, take the retentate, concentrate it, contact it with an ion exchange resin, elute it to obtain an eluate, and remove the solvent to obtain the dandelion extract.

2. The preparation method of the dandelion extract according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the raw material particles is less than 300 mesh; the vitamin solution is a mixture of vitamin C, alcohol and water, and the alcohol is ethanol or methanol; in the vitamin solution, the mass percentage concentration of vitamin C is 0.1 - 0.5%, and the volume percentage concentration of alcohol is 35 - 51%; the mass - to - volume ratio of the raw material particles to the vitamin solution is 1:5 - 16 g / mL; the temperature of the stirring treatment is 45 - 53 °C; the stirring treatment includes a first stirring treatment and a second stirring treatment; the time of both the first stirring treatment and the second stirring treatment is 1.5 - 2.5 hours; after the first stirring treatment, the liquid is separated to obtain a first extract, then the vitamin solution is added again for the second stirring treatment, and the liquid is separated again to obtain a second extract, and the two extracts are combined; in the filtration to obtain the filtrate, the pore size of the filter cloth used is 200 mesh; the membrane filtration includes: first passing the filtrate through a membrane with a molecular weight cut - off of 1000 - 1500 daltons under a pressure of 290 - 670 Psi, collecting the permeate, and then passing the permeate through an OSN membrane under a pressure of 490 - 770 Psi to collect the retentate; the molecular weight cut - off of the OSN membrane is 300 - 400 daltons; the concentration is carried out by vacuum concentration under the condition that the temperature is less than 60 °C until there is no alcohol in the retentate to obtain the concentrated retentate.

3. The preparation method of the dandelion extract according to claim 1, wherein, The contact with the ion exchange resin includes: passing the concentrated retentate through a cation resin, then performing a first elution with pure water to obtain a first effluent and a first eluate, combining them to obtain a combined solution, then passing the combined solution through an anion resin, then performing a second elution with pure water until the pH of the effluent is neutral, and then eluting with an acetic acid solution to obtain a second eluate.

4. The preparation method of the dandelion extract according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the cation resin to the raw material particles is 1:4 - 5; the model of the cation resin is D113, D111 or D152, and the manufacturer of the cation resin is Amyco - Jian Bio - Medicine Co., Ltd.; the flow rate of the concentrated retentate passing through the cation resin is 0.5 - 1 BV / H resin volume; in the first elution, the volume of pure water used is 0.5 - 1 BV resin volume; the model of the anion resin is D201, D2004 or D918, and the manufacturer of the anion resin is Amyco - Jian Bio - Medicine Co., Ltd.; the mass ratio of the anion resin to the raw material particles is 1:2 - 4; the flow rate of the combined solution passing through the anion resin is 0.5 - 1 BV / H resin volume; the mass percentage concentration of the acetic acid solution is 0.5 - 2%, and the volume of the acetic acid solution is 1.5 - 3.5 BV resin volume.

5. The preparation method of the dandelion extract according to claim 1, wherein The methods for removing the solvent include drying for solvent removal treatment and recrystallization treatment; the drying for solvent removal treatment includes: concentrating the eluate under reduced pressure at a temperature below 60°C until free of acetic acid, and then directly drying to obtain the dandelion extract; the recrystallization treatment includes: concentrating the eluate under reduced pressure at a temperature below 60°C to 50-60 BRIX to obtain a concentrated solution, then adding an acid, crystallizing at a temperature of 4-10°C for 4-8 hours, filtering to obtain the filter residue, washing, and drying to obtain the dandelion extract; the volume of the acid is 0.5-1% of the volume of the concentrated solution; the acid is formic acid, acetic acid, or hydrochloric acid.

6. A dandelion extract prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-5.

7. Use of the dandelion extract according to claim 6 in the preparation of food, beverages, and feeds.

8. An animal feed, characterized in that, By mass, it includes:

9. A method for preparing the animal feed according to claim 8, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Cut the waste whole fruit residue of Siraitia grosvenorii, the waste leaves of Stevia rebaudiana, the mixture of rice straw, sorghum, and corn stalks, and the leaves of Gymnema sylvestre, then powder them, sieve them, add formic acid and urea, stir evenly, perform fermentation treatment to obtain a mixed material, then add molasses, brewer's grains, salt, and compound vitamins to the mixed material, mix evenly, granulate, dry, and bag to obtain the animal feed.

10. The preparation method of the animal feed according to claim 9, characterized in that, The sieve pore size of the sieving is 60 mesh, the fermentation treatment is to stack the mixed material and naturally ferment for 20-30 days, and the temperature of the fermentation treatment is 25-30°C; the particle size of the granulation is 2-10 mm; the drying temperature is 60-70°C.

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