Buried wheat straw carbonization device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wheat straw carbonization devices, in particular to a buried wheat straw carbonization device which comprises a deep well buried in a field, a fire grate is arranged in the deep well, and the fire grate divides the interior of the deep well into a carbonization area at the upper end and an air supply area at the lower end. The deep well is internally provided with a deep well opening, the carbonization area is internally provided with a transfer device used for transferring carbonized wheat straw in the carbonization area to the deep well opening, the air supply area is internally provided with an ignition device, and the deep well is internally provided with an air supply mechanism. Finally, the chopped wheat straw enters a carbonization area in a deep well and is stacked on a fire grate, the wheat straw is ignited and combusted through an ignition device, high temperature is generated and transmitted upwards, a local high-temperature oxygen-deficient environment is formed in the carbonization area, the wheat straw is carbonized, the waste gas amount is small, combustion flue gas is absorbed by the stacked wheat straw, the waste gas is subjected to multi-layer filtration, and the combustion effect is good. And pollution of smoke dust to air is reduced, and environmental protection is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wheat straw carbonization devices, and in particular to an underground wheat straw carbonization device. Background Art

[0002] Wheat straw is the general term for the stems and leaves (ears) of mature crops. Wheat straw is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and organic matter, etc., and is a renewable biological resource with multiple uses.

[0003] Common wheat straw treatment methods include the following: returning wheat straw to the field as fertilizer, returning it to the field through livestock, cultivating edible fungi, producing biogas, using it as industrial raw materials, and using it for biomass power generation. Among them, returning it to the field as fertilizer is a relatively economical and feasible treatment method, and it has been operated like this for thousands of years. However, if directly returned to the field, wheat straw needs to be chopped, evenly spread, deeply plowed, and the appropriate amount needs to be controlled, not too much. However, direct field return treatment has the following defects: 1. A large amount of dust will be generated during the crushing process of wheat straw, affecting the physical health of personnel and causing pollution; 2. The decomposed wheat straw can be utilized, but the decomposition of wheat straw requires a long process, and the treatment efficiency is low; 3. The pests and diseases in wheat straw still remain and continue to reproduce and spread. Especially in corn stalks, there are a large number of larvae eggs and pathogen carriers, which are difficult to remove during the crushing process. After being buried in the soil, they can grow quickly and become a hidden danger of pests and diseases; 4. Once the crushing does not meet the requirements, that is, the length of the crushed wheat straw does not reach less than 3.5 cm, large voids will be formed in the soil after being buried in the soil, resulting in the next crop of seeds being vacant and not contacting the soil, etc., resulting in the phenomenon of "dead seeds" and reduced production; 5. If the amount of wheat straw returned to the field by soil microorganisms is too large or unevenly turned into the soil, it is easy to cause contradictions between soil microorganisms, that is, the microorganisms transformed from wheat straw and crop seedlings competing for nutrients, and even phenomena such as yellow seedlings, dead seedlings, and reduced production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: In order to solve the problems existing in the current direct chopping and returning of wheat straw to the field, an underground wheat straw carbonization device is provided.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows: A buried wheat straw carbonization device includes a deep well buried in the field. A grate is arranged in the deep well. The grate divides the deep well into a carbonization area at the upper end and a air supply area at the lower end. A transfer device for transferring the carbonized wheat straw in the carbonization area to the wellhead is arranged in the carbonization area. An ignition device is arranged in the air supply area. An air supply mechanism is arranged in the deep well. The air supply mechanism is used to transport external air to the air supply area. A first cover plate is provided on the wellhead of the deep well. A chimney communicating with the inside of the deep well and discharging flue gas outward is arranged on the deep well. A second cover plate is provided on the chimney. A feeding port is arranged on the field. The feeding port is located on one side of the deep well. An access passage communicating with each other is arranged between the feeding port and the carbonization area. The lower bottom surface of the access passage gradually slopes downward from the feeding port to the carbonization area. A chopping mechanism for chopping wheat straw is arranged in the access passage. A first baffle is arranged in the access passage. A second baffle is arranged at the connection between the air supply mechanism and the air supply area. Compared with the prior art, in this solution, the wheat straw is transported from the feeding port to the access passage, and then chopped by the chopping mechanism in the access passage. Finally, the chopped wheat straw enters the carbonization area in the deep well and accumulates on the grate. The ignition device ignites the wheat straw to burn, generating high temperature and transmitting upward, forming a locally high-temperature and oxygen-deficient environment in the carbonization area to carbonize the wheat straw. The flue gas generated by combustion is absorbed by the stacked wheat straw, so that the waste gas passes through multiple layers of filtration, reducing the pollution of soot to the air, making the waste gas volume small, green and environmentally friendly. At the same time, the buried treatment method is adopted, which does not occupy cultivated land, the equipment is simple, the investment is small, the operation process is simple, and at the same time, the transfer mechanism can not only transfer the carbonized wheat straw, but also brittle and refine the carbonized wheat straw, which is more suitable for returning to the field for use, realizing automatic control and improving work efficiency.

[0006] In order to implement the transfer mechanism, in some preferred embodiments, the transfer mechanism includes a plurality of scraping shovels, a plurality of sprockets and an endless chain. A plurality of the sprockets are rotatably installed in the carbonization area. The endless chain sequentially winds around a plurality of sprockets. A plurality of the scraping shovels are arranged at intervals along the running direction of the endless chain. A plurality of the scraping shovels are arranged in the same direction. One of the plurality of sprockets is driven by a driving mechanism. By winding the endless chain around each sprocket and arranging scraping shovels on the endless chain, and driving the scraping shovels on the endless chain to displace through the driving mechanism, the transfer and brittle treatment of the carbonized wheat straw by the scraping shovels are realized. The structure is simple and convenient for manufacturing and maintenance.

[0007] In order to implement the structure of the scraping shovel, in some preferred embodiments, the scraping shovel includes a transverse scraping plate and a longitudinal scraping plate. One end of the longitudinal scraping plate is fixed on the endless chain, and the other end of the longitudinal scraping plate is fixed on the transverse scraping plate. The transverse scraping plate and the longitudinal scraping plate are perpendicularly arranged to each other. Two perpendicularly arranged transverse scraping plates and longitudinal scraping plates form the scraping shovel, and its structure is simple.

[0008] In order to better brittle-break wheat straw with a longer length, in some preferred embodiments, a groove matching the scraping shovel is provided on the first cover plate, and one end of the scraping shovel can extend into the groove. By providing a groove on the first cover plate that can accommodate the scraping shovel, when the scraping shovel is transported, the carbonized wheat straw can be carried into the groove, and the wheat straw can be brittle-broken and refined under the action of the groove.

[0009] In some preferred embodiments, a number of grate bars are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the deep well, and the gaps on the several grate bars gradually decrease from top to bottom.

[0010] In order to enable the wheat straw to enter the carbonization area unidirectionally, in some preferred embodiments, one end of the first baffle is hinged on the upper top surface of the inlet passage, the other end of the first baffle abuts against the lower bottom surface of the inlet passage, and the first baffle gradually slopes downward from the feeding port to the carbonization area.

[0011] In some preferred embodiments, a spring is provided between the first baffle and the inlet passage, and the spring is used to always abut the other end of the first baffle against the lower bottom surface of the inlet passage.

[0012] In order to implement the air supply mechanism, in some preferred embodiments, the air supply mechanism includes an air duct provided on one side of the deep well, one end of the air duct is communicated with the outside, the other end of the air duct is communicated with the input end of the blower, and the output end of the blower is communicated with the air supply area.

[0013] In some preferred embodiments, the second baffle is located at the output end of the blower.

[0014] In order to facilitate the full contact between the wheat straw and the air, in some preferred embodiments, a vibration device for transmitting vibration to the grate bar is provided in the air duct. By providing a vibration device at the grate bar, the vibration device vibrates the wheat straw on the grate bar and drops it into the air supply area, and it fully contacts and burns with the air, increasing the temperature in the deep well.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: When the underground wheat straw carbonization device of the present invention is in use, the wheat straw is conveyed from the feeding port to the inlet passage, then chopped by the chopping mechanism in the inlet passage, and finally the chopped wheat straw enters the carbonization area in the deep well and accumulates on the grate bar. The wheat straw is ignited and burned by the ignition device, generating high temperature and transmitting it upward, so that a locally high-temperature and oxygen-deficient environment is formed in the carbonization area, causing the wheat straw to carbonize. The combustion flue gas is absorbed by the stacked wheat straw, so that the waste gas passes through multiple layers of filtration, the waste gas volume is small, the pollution of the air by soot is reduced, and it is green and environmentally friendly. At the same time, the underground treatment method is adopted, which does not occupy arable land, the equipment is simple, the investment is small, the operation process is simple, and at the same time, the transfer mechanism can not only transfer the carbonized wheat straw, but also brittle-break and refine the carbonized wheat straw, which is more conducive to returning to the field for use, realizing automatic control, improving work efficiency, and avoiding the defect problems of direct chopping and returning to the field. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure between the first cover plate and the scraping shovel in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 is a top view of the grate in the present invention.

[0020] In the figures: 1, deep well; 2, grate; 3, carbonization zone; 4, air supply zone; 5, transfer device; 6, ignition device; 7, air supply mechanism; 8, first cover plate; 9, second cover plate; 10, feeding port; 11, entry channel; 12, shredding mechanism; 13, first baffle; 14, second baffle; 15, scraping shovel; 16, sprocket; 17, endless chain; 18, groove; 19, spring; 20, air duct; 21, blower; 22, vibration device; 23, chimney; 24, gap. Detailed Embodiments

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments:

[0022] The present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art can implement the present invention in other various specific embodiments according to the content disclosed in the present invention, or those that adopt the design structure and concept of the present invention and make simple changes or modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0023] Such as Figures 1-3As shown in the figure, a buried wheat straw carbonization device includes a deep well 1 buried in the field. Four layers of grate bars 2 are arranged at intervals along the height direction in the deep well 1. The grate bars 2 divide the inside of the deep well 1 into a carbonization area 3 at the upper end and a air supply area 4 at the lower end. A transfer device 5 for transferring the internally carbonized wheat straw to the opening of the deep well 1 is arranged in the carbonization area 3. An ignition device 6 is arranged in the air supply area 4. An air supply mechanism 7 is arranged in the deep well 1. The air supply mechanism 7 is used to transport external air to the air supply area 4. A first cover plate 8 is provided on the opening of the deep well 1. A chimney 23 is arranged on the deep well 1. The chimney 23 is communicated with the carbonization area 3 inside the deep well 1 and discharges flue gas to the outside. A second cover plate 9 is provided on the chimney 23. The second cover plate 9 is provided on the chimney 23 to prevent air from entering the carbonization area 3 for combustion during wheat straw carbonization, so that a high-temperature and oxygen-deficient environment can be better formed in the carbonization area 3. A feeding port 10 is arranged on the field. The feeding port 10 is located on one side of the deep well 1. An interconnected access passage 11 is arranged between the feeding port 10 and the carbonization area 3. The lower bottom surface of the access passage 11 gradually slopes downward from the feeding port 10 to the carbonization area 3. A chopping mechanism 12 for chopping wheat straw is arranged in the access passage 11. In this embodiment, the chopping mechanism 12 is a spiral cutter driven by a motor. A first baffle 13 is arranged in the access passage 11. A second baffle 14 is arranged at the connection between the air supply mechanism 7 and the air supply area 4.

[0024] The transfer mechanism includes a plurality of scraping shovels 15, a plurality of sprockets 16 and an endless chain 17. The plurality of sprockets 16 are rotatably installed in the carbonization area 3. The endless chain 17 sequentially winds around the plurality of sprockets 16. The plurality of scraping shovels 15 are arranged at intervals along the running direction of the endless chain 17. The plurality of scraping shovels 15 are arranged in the same direction. One of the plurality of sprockets 16 has a driving mechanism. In this embodiment, the driving mechanism is a motor. The scraping shovel 15 includes a transverse scraping plate and a longitudinal scraping plate. One end of the longitudinal scraping plate is fixed on the endless chain 17. The other end of the longitudinal scraping plate is fixed on the transverse scraping plate. The transverse scraping plate and the longitudinal scraping plate are arranged perpendicular to each other. A groove 18 matching the scraping shovel 15 is arranged on the first cover plate 8. One end of the scraping shovel 15 can extend into the groove 18.

[0025] In order to ensure the stable and reliable combustion of wheat straw in the deep well 1, among the four-layer grate 2, from top to bottom, the gap 24 of the uppermost layer is 4 cm - 5 cm, the gap 24 of the next layer below is 2 cm - 4 cm, the gap 24 of the layer below that is 1 cm - 2 cm, and the gap 24 of the lowermost layer is 0.3 cm - 0.5 cm. The grate 2 and the deep well 1 are not completely fixed. One end of the grate 2 abuts against one end close to the air duct, so that the gap 24 on the four-layer grate 2 gradually decreases from top to bottom. The uppermost grate 2 is located in the middle and lower part of the deep well 1. The gap 24 on the grate 2 mainly allows the fine wheat straw on the upper grate 2 to pass through the gap 24 and enter the lower grate. As the gap 24 gradually decreases, there will be some wheat straw on each layer of the grate 2. The gap 24 of the lowermost grate 2 is the smallest, allowing a small amount of crushed wheat straw to fall into the air supply area 4 and be ignited at the ignition device 6, and then ignite the wheat straw on each layer of the grate 2. Through the interception of the multi-layer grate 2, most of the wheat straw will not fall and accumulate at the bottom of the deep well 1 below the grate 2, and the wheat straw can be fully burned, and the ash can also fall to the next layer in time, making the burning wheat straw more fluffy, which is conducive to the rapid and full combustion of the wheat straw. It can not only control the total amount of wheat straw burned, but also enable the wheat straw burning above to burn fully on the grate 2 and generate the required high temperature in the deep well 1.

[0026] One end of the first baffle 13 is hinged on the upper top surface of the inlet passage 11, and the other end of the first baffle 13 abuts against the lower bottom surface of the inlet passage 11. The first baffle 13 gradually slopes downward from the feeding port 10 towards the carbonization area 3. A spring 19 is arranged between the first baffle 13 and the inlet passage 11. The spring 19 is used to always abut the other end of the first baffle 13 against the lower bottom surface of the inlet passage 11. The first baffle 13 can enable the one-way entry of wheat straw and block the internal flue gas to prevent the escape of dust and the like.

[0027] The air supply mechanism 7 includes an air duct 20 arranged on one side of the deep well 1. One end of the air duct 20 is communicated with the outside, and the other end of the air duct 20 is communicated with the input end of the blower 21. The output end of the blower 21 is communicated with the air supply area 4. The second baffle 14 is located at the output end of the blower 21. A vibration device 22 for transmitting vibration to the grate 2 is arranged in the air duct 20. The vibration device 22 can generate high-frequency and micro-amplitude vibrations. Multiple blowers 21 can be arranged side by side and started as needed. When it is necessary to clean the ash at the bottom layer, multiple blowers 21 are started to make the accumulated ash float up and fall onto the surface of the carbonized wheat straw on the upper layer of the grate 2 and be removed together with it.

[0028] When the above-mentioned buried wheat straw carbonization device is in use, cover the first cover plate 8 on the opening of the deep well 1, then start the chopping mechanism 12, add wheat straw from the feeding port 10, and the wheat straw enters through the entry channel 11, opens the second baffle 14 and enters the carbonization area 3. As the wheat straw enters, the wheat straw gradually accumulates in the carbonization area 3 above the grate 2. When a certain amount is accumulated, start the blower 21 of the air supply mechanism 7 and the vibration device 22 at the same time. The vibration device 22 transmits the vibration to the grate 2, causing some of the wheat straw powder on the grate 2 to fall downward to the air supply area 4 at the bottom of the deep well 1. Then start the ignition device 6 to make the wheat straw powder under the deep well 1 start to burn and generate high temperature. The high temperature is transmitted upward to form a locally high-temperature and oxygen-deficient ring in the carbonization area 3 above the grate 25, and the wheat straw is carbonized. The gas generated by combustion passes upward through multiple layers of wheat straw filtration, and the particulate matter therein is adsorbed by the wheat straw. Turn on and off the blower 21 regularly, for example, start the blower 21 every 5 min - 20 min, and the blower 21 runs for 3 min - 8 min to provide oxygen for the combustion of the particulate matter, vibrate the grate 2, and also make the combustibles fall off to provide heat for carbonization.

[0029] After carbonization for a period of time, start the motor at the driving mechanism. The motor drives one of the gears to rotate, the annular sprocket 16 follows the transfer, and the scraping shovel 15 starts to rotate slowly, so that the wheat straw with better carbonization at the bottom is brought to the opening of the deep well 1 by the scraping shovel 15. The first cover plate 8 can be opened for collection and returning to the field as needed, or the carbonized wheat straw can be brittle broken again.

[0030] At this time, wheat straw can be continuously added from the feeding port 10 to make the whole process continuous.

[0031] Enlightened by the ideal embodiments of the present invention as described above, through the above description, relevant staff can completely make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical idea of this invention. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An underground wheat straw carbonization device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a deep well (1) buried in a field, wherein a grate (2) is arranged in the deep well (1), wherein the grate (2) divides the deep well (1) into a carbonization zone (3) at the upper end and an air supply zone (4) at the lower end, wherein a transfer device (5) is arranged in the carbonization zone (3) for transferring carbonized wheat straw in the carbonization zone (3) to the mouth of the deep well (1), wherein an ignition device (6) is arranged in the air supply zone (4), wherein an air supply mechanism (7) is arranged in the deep well (1), wherein the air supply mechanism (7) is used for transferring external air to the air supply zone (4), wherein a first cover plate (8) is arranged on the upper cover of the mouth of the deep well (1), and wherein a device (5) is arranged on the deep well (1) for communicating with the interior of the deep well (1) and discharging smoke to the outside. A chimney (23) for collecting gas, the chimney (23) being covered with a second cover plate (9), a feeding port (10) being provided on the field, the feeding port (10) being located on one side of the deep well (1), an inlet channel (11) being connected to each other being provided between the feeding port (10) and the carbonization zone (3), the bottom surface of the inlet channel (11) gradually tilting downward from the feeding port (10) to the carbonization zone (3), a chopping mechanism (12) for chopping wheat straw being provided in the inlet channel (11), a first baffle (13) being provided in the inlet channel (11), and a second baffle (14) being provided at the connection between the air supply mechanism (7) and the air supply zone (4).

2. The underground wheat straw carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transfer mechanism comprises a plurality of scrapers (15), a plurality of sprockets (16) and an annular chain (17). The plurality of sprockets (16) are rotatably installed in the carbonization zone (3). The annular chain (17) sequentially passes through the plurality of sprockets (16). The plurality of scrapers (15) are arranged at intervals along the running direction of the annular chain (17). The plurality of scrapers (15) are arranged in the same direction. The transmission mechanism of one of the sprockets (16) has a driving mechanism.

3. The underground wheat straw carbonization device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The scraper (15) comprises a transverse scraper and a longitudinal scraper, one end of the longitudinal scraper is fixed on the ring-shaped chain (17), and the other end of the longitudinal scraper is fixed on the transverse scraper, and the transverse scraper and the longitudinal scraper are arranged perpendicular to each other.

4. The underground wheat straw carbonization device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first cover plate (8) is provided with a groove (18) matching the scraper (15), and one end of the scraper (15) can extend into the groove (18).

5. The underground wheat straw carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the grate (2) are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the deep well (1), and the gaps (24) on the plurality of the grate (2) gradually decrease from top to bottom.

6. The underground wheat straw carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the first baffle (13) is hinged on the upper top surface of the entry channel (11), and the other end of the first baffle (13) is abutted against the lower bottom surface of the entry channel (11). The first baffle (13) gradually slopes downward from the feeding port (10) to the carbonization zone (3).

7. The underground wheat straw carbonization device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A spring (19) is provided between the first baffle plate (13) and the entry channel (11), and the spring (19) is used to always press the other end of the first baffle plate (13) against the lower bottom surface of the entry channel (11).

8. The underground wheat straw carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply mechanism (7) comprises an air duct (20) arranged on one side of the deep well (1), one end of the air duct (20) being connected to the outside, the other end of the air duct (20) being connected to the input end of a blower (21), and the output end of the blower (21) being connected to the air supply area (4).

9. The underground wheat straw carbonization device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second baffle (14) is located at the output end of the blower (21).

10. The underground wheat straw carbonization device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A vibration device (22) for transmitting vibration to the grate (2) is arranged in the air duct (20).

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