Mining excavation conveying system

Abstract

The invention discloses a mining excavation conveying system. The mining excavation conveying system comprises a movable material receiving mechanism and a conveying mechanism. The movable material receiving mechanism comprises a movable trolley and a material receiving hopper installed on the movable trolley, and the movable trolley further comprises a steering mechanism used for adjusting the rotating angle of the movable wheels. The conveying mechanism comprises a plurality of sections of conveying belts which are sequentially connected from front to back in a stepped mode, and materials falling from the rear end of the front conveying belt fall to the front end of the rear conveying belt. The conveying belt comprises a material receiving belt and a loading belt, and an adjusting mechanism used for adjusting the length of the conveying belt is installed on the conveying belt between the material receiving belt and the loading belt. The invention solves the problem that the waiting time is greatly increased and the mining efficiency is greatly reduced due to the fact that a single working face cannot accommodate a plurality of transport vehicles in parallel and is limited by the width of the working face of the roadway in the traditional roadway excavation operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mining equipment, and in particular to a conveying system matched with a mining excavator. Background Art

[0002] In traditional mining operations, mining excavators are usually used to dig ore from the ore deposit and then move it to the location of the transport vehicle for unloading. When long-distance transportation is required, this operation mode has a significant efficiency bottleneck: limited by the width of the tunnel working surface (usually 3 meters to 5 meters), in most cases, only one transport vehicle is allowed to pass, or two transport vehicles are barely allowed to run in parallel for a short time, forming a mandatory serial working mode, so that subsequent transport vehicles must wait in line for a long time. In the material transfer link, the loaded transport vehicles need to carry out long-distance round-trip transportation along the tunnel (the one-way transportation distance is often hundreds of meters to thousands of meters). This "excavation-moving-loading-transportation-unloading" serial operation mode results in about 60%-70% of the time in the overall operation process being consumed in non-productive links, which greatly reduces the overall mining efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention proposes a mining excavation and conveying system, the purpose of which is to solve the problem that in traditional excavation operations, the excavator needs to move frequently and long distances to the position of the transport vehicle, which takes up a lot of effective excavation time, and is limited by the width of the tunnel working surface, and a single working surface cannot accommodate multiple transport vehicles in parallel, resulting in a significant increase in waiting time, thereby greatly reducing the excavation efficiency.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A mining excavation and conveying system includes a mobile material receiving mechanism and a conveying mechanism; the mobile material receiving mechanism includes a mobile trolley and a material receiving hopper mounted on the mobile trolley, and the mobile trolley also includes a steering mechanism for adjusting the rotation angle of the moving wheel. The conveying mechanism includes a plurality of sequentially connected conveyor belts connected in a stepped manner from front to back, and the material falling from the rear end of the previous conveyor belt falls to the front end of the next conveyor belt; the conveyor belt includes a material receiving belt located at the front end of the conveying mechanism and arranged below the material receiving hopper and a loading belt located at the rear end of the conveying mechanism, and an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the length of the conveyor belt is installed on the conveyor belt between the material receiving belt and the loading belt.

[0005] Specifically, the steering mechanism includes a steering cylinder, which is a servo electric cylinder. The front and rear ends of the steering cylinder are respectively fixedly connected to the push plates on the left and right sides under the vehicle body, and guide grooves are provided at both ends of the push plates; the steering mechanism also includes a steering block, which is rotatably connected to the vehicle body through a rotating shaft, and a steering arm slidably connected to the guide groove is fixed on the steering block.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the steering block further includes a driving motor and a speed reducer, and the driving motor directly drives the moving wheels to rotate through the speed reducer.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, adjacent conveyor belts in the conveying mechanism are rotatably connected through a connecting plate.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the conveyor belt includes a frame, and rotating rollers capable of moving back and forth are rotatably installed at the front and rear ends of the frame, and the belt body is wound around the rotating rollers; the adjusting mechanism is installed on the frame of the middle-section conveyor belt, and the adjusting mechanism includes a front frame and a rear frame that are slidably connected, and an adjusting cylinder is provided between the front frame and the rear frame; a plurality of guide rails arranged vertically are provided on the rear frame, and an adjusting roller is slidably connected to each guide rail, and the belt body is wound around the adjusting rollers in an S shape.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, adjacent adjusting rollers are arranged staggeredly in the front and rear, and a return spring is connected between the front-side adjusting roller and the front end of the rear-frame body, and a return spring is connected between the rear-side adjusting roller and the rear end of the rear-frame body.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, support cylinders are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conveyor belt, and the support cylinders are fixed perpendicular to the ground, and the support cylinders are servo electric cylinders for adjusting the inclination angle of the conveyor belt.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, a baffle for preventing ore from sliding off from the front end is provided at the front end of each section of the conveyor belt, and the baffle is arc-shaped and is arranged closely against the front end of the conveyor belt.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, one side of the receiving hopper is hinged to the mobile trolley, and the other side is connected to the mobile trolley through a top cylinder.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following positive effects: (1) By arranging a conveying device with adjustable length along the advancing direction of the roadway, the receiving mechanism of the device can move flexibly according to the position of the digging bucket, and its conveying mechanism can adjust the conveying direction and inclination angle of the conveyor belt according to the terrain of the stope. Without frequently moving the excavator over a long distance, the ore can be conveniently transferred to the transport vehicle behind the excavator through the conveyor belt, greatly reducing the waiting time of the transport vehicle and greatly improving the mining efficiency.

[0014] (2) The steering mechanism of the present invention controls the rotation angle of the moving wheels through the cooperation of a double push plate driven by a steering cylinder and a steering block. In this mechanism, the guide groove on the push plate drives the steering arm to rotate, effectively converting the linear motion of the push plate into the rotational motion of the steering block, enabling the moving wheels to perform a 90° steering adjustment. In addition, each steering block is equipped with an independent drive motor to achieve independent steering control of the four moving wheels, enabling the mobile trolley to achieve conventional travel and in-situ steering, significantly enhancing the flexibility of operation.

[0015] (3) The present invention is equipped with a conveyor belt adjustment mechanism that can flexibly adjust the length of the conveyor belt to meet various different conveying requirements. This mechanism consists of a front frame and a rear frame connected in a sliding manner, and the extension and contraction of the frame are achieved by adjusting the extension amount of the push rod of the adjustment cylinder, thereby adjusting the length of the conveyor belt. Through the adjustment of the adjustment cylinder and the elastic control of the position of the adjustment roller, the S-shaped wound belt body can store a certain amount of pre-tension, enabling the conveyor belt to be lengthened or shortened without stopping the machine. The staggered layout of the adjustment rollers and the design of the return spring can ensure the smooth and stable process of conveyor belt adjustment.

[0016] (4) The present invention symmetrically arranges support cylinders perpendicular to the ground on both sides of the conveyor belt. These support cylinders are used to adjust the lateral tilt angle of the conveyor belt, keeping the conveyor belt horizontal during operation to avoid tipping; and by adjusting the support cylinders, the longitudinal tilt angle of the conveyor belt can also be adjusted to ensure the smooth conveyance of materials.

[0017] (5) The present invention realizes its leveling function by hinging one side of the receiving hopper to the mobile trolley and connecting the other side to the mobile trolley through a jack cylinder. When the mobile trolley is on a slope, the lower side of the receiving hopper is lifted by controlling the jack cylinder to ensure that the receiving hopper remains horizontal, and at the same time, the support cylinders are adjusted to adjust the conveyor belt to a horizontal state, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the conveying system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mining excavation and conveying system in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic installation diagram of the front baffle of the conveyor belt in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is Figure 2 a schematic structural diagram of the baffle in Figure 4 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of the receiving hopper and the mobile trolley in (the jack cylinder extends); Figure 5 is Figure 4 a schematic structural diagram of the steering mechanism in (bottom view); Figure 6 isFigure 5 Schematic structural diagram (bottom view) of the steering mechanism after the mobile wheel turns; Figure 7 For Figure 5 Schematic structural diagram of the middle steering block; Figure 8 For Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram (including connecting plate) of the conveyor belt provided with an adjustment mechanism in the middle; Figure 9 For Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the reset spring, the adjustment roller and the rear frame in the middle; Figure 10 For Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the top cylinder and the front frame and the rear frame in the middle; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the position of the adjustment roller when the conveyor belt elongates in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the position of the adjustment roller when the conveyor belt shortens in an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals: In the figure: 110, receiving hopper; 111, top cylinder; 120, mobile trolley; 130, mobile wheel; 131, steering block; 1311, reducer; 1312, steering shaft; 132, steering arm; 133, push plate; 134, steering cylinder; 201, receiving belt; 202, loading belt; 203, material guiding trough; 204, supporting cylinder; 205, baffle; 206, belt body; 210, adjustment mechanism; 211, front frame; 212, rear frame; 213, adjustment cylinder; 220, connecting plate; 230, guide rail; 231, adjustment roller; 232, reset spring. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] The technical solutions and technical effects of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0021] As Figure 1 , a mining excavation and conveying system includes a mobile material receiving mechanism and a conveying mechanism. The mobile material receiving mechanism includes a mobile trolley 120 and a receiving hopper 110 installed on the mobile trolley 120. A adjustable conveying mechanism is provided below the receiving hopper 110. The conveying mechanism includes multiple sections of conveyor belts connected in a stepped manner from front to back in sequence, and the materials falling from the rear end of the previous conveyor belt fall onto the front end of the next conveyor belt.

[0022] As Figures 4 - 7 , the mobile trolley 120 includes a steering mechanism for adjusting the rotation angle of the mobile wheel 130. As Figure 5 And Figure 6, the steering mechanism includes a steering cylinder 134, and the steering cylinder 134 is a servo electric cylinder. The head and tail ends of the steering cylinder 134 are respectively fixedly connected to the push plates 133 on the left and right sides under the vehicle body. Guide grooves are provided at both the front and rear ends of the push plate 133. As Figure 7 , the steering mechanism further includes a steering block 131. The steering block 131 is rotatably connected to the vehicle body through a steering shaft 1312 at its top. The steering block 131 includes a drive motor and a speed reducer 1311. The drive motor directly drives the moving wheel 130 to rotate through the speed reducer 1311. A steering arm 132 is also fixed on the steering block 131, and the steering arm 132 is slidably connected to the guide groove.

[0023] When the steering cylinder 134 extends, it pushes the push plates 133 on both sides to move outward until the limit position is reached; during this process, under the action of the guide groove, the steering arm 132 converts the linear motion of the push plate 133 into the rotational motion of the steering block 131, thereby driving the moving wheel 130 to achieve a 90° turn. When the steering cylinder 134 retracts, it drives the push plates 133 on both sides to move inward, the steering cylinder 134 returns to the initial position, and the guide groove drives the moving wheel 130 to the straight-ahead state.

[0024] As a further improvement, in order to make the mobile trolley 120 move more flexibly, each steering block 131 is configured with an independent drive motor to achieve the functions of normal travel (four wheels in the same direction) and in-situ turning (diagonal wheels in opposite directions).

[0025] As a further improvement, as Figure 4 , the right side of the bottom of the receiving hopper 110 is hinged to the mobile trolley 120, and the left side is connected to the mobile trolley 120 through a top cylinder 111. Adjusting the extension amount of the top cylinder 111 can achieve the leveling function of the receiving hopper 110. When the mobile trolley 120 is on a slope, the top cylinder 111 jacks up the lower side of the receiving hopper 110, so that the receiving hopper 110 can ensure horizontal stability and prevent the ore from not being able to directly fall from the feeding port to the conveyor belt due to its inclination.

[0026] As Figure 1 and Figure 4 , the conveying mechanism includes a conveyor belt (i.e., the receiving belt 201) fixed to the bottom of the feeding port of the receiving hopper 110 and a conveyor belt (i.e., the loading belt 202) with a guide chute 203 connected to its end. Adjacent conveyor belts are rotatably connected through a connecting plate 220. Since the receiving belt 201 is fixed to the lower part of the feeding port, it can be inclined following the inclination of the receiving hopper 110, and the front end of the receiving belt 201 is located between the receiving hopper 110 and the mobile trolley 120. The frame of the receiving belt 201 is fixedly connected to the receiving hopper 110 to ensure the horizontal of the receiving belt 201, so as to ensure its normal conveying and be not affected by the slope.

[0027] Furthermore, as Figure 2 and Figure 3, a baffle 205 for preventing ore from slipping off the front end is connected to the front end of the conveyor belt. The baffle 205 is arc-shaped and is arranged closely against the front end of the conveyor belt.

[0028] As a further improvement, as Figure 1 , in order to be able to conveniently adjust the angle of the conveyor belt, support cylinders 204 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conveyor belt, and the support cylinders 204 are fixed perpendicular to the ground. Each section of the conveyor belt is driven by an independent drive motor. By adjusting the extension amount of the support cylinder 204, the lateral inclination angle of the conveyor belt is adjusted so that the belt body 206 always remains horizontal to avoid tipping over, so as to better adapt to the changes in terrain and slope, thereby improving the adaptability of the device. Specifically, in combination with Figure 1 and Figure 8 , both ends of the conveyor belt are rotatably connected to the connecting plate 220 through ball heads. In addition, by adjusting the support cylinder 204, the longitudinal inclination angle of the conveyor belt can also be adjusted to ensure the smooth conveyance of materials.

[0029] As a further improvement, as Figure 1 and Figure 8 , the conveyor belt connected between the receiving belt 201 and the loading belt 202 includes a frame. Rotating rollers capable of moving back and forth are rotatably installed at the front and rear ends of the frame. The belt body 206 is wound around the rotating rollers, and the length of the belt body 206 can change following the change of the distance between the rotating rollers. An adjusting mechanism 210 for adjusting the length of the conveyor belt is installed on the frame to adapt to different transfer distances. The transport vehicles are arranged in the lane direction behind the excavator. By setting multiple sections of adjusting belts, different conveying distances can be adapted. In this way, during the excavation process, there is no need to frequently move the entire device, thereby further improving the excavation efficiency.

[0030] As a further improvement, as Figure 8 and Figure 12 , the adjusting mechanism 210 includes a front frame 211 and a rear frame 212 that are slidably connected. A plurality of guide rails 230 arranged vertically are provided on the rear frame 212, which not only helps the storage of the belt body 206 but also provides additional tension reserve when the belt body 206 extends. An adjusting cylinder 213 is provided between the front frame 211 and the rear frame 212. By controlling the extension or retraction of the adjusting cylinder 213, the relative movement of the front frame 211 and the rear frame 212 can be driven, and this relative movement can change the effective length of the conveyor belt, thereby realizing the elongation and shortening of the conveyor belt.

[0031] Specifically, as Figure 8 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 , an adjusting roller 231 is slidably connected to the guide rail 230, and the adjusting rollers 231 on adjacent guide rails 230 are arranged staggeredly front and back, and the belt body 206 is wound around the adjusting rollers 231. As Figure 9, a return spring 232 is connected between the front adjusting roller 231 and the front end of the frame body of the rear frame 212, and a return spring 232 is connected between the rear adjusting roller 231 and the rear end of the frame body of the rear frame 212, ensuring that the adjusting roller 231 can return to its original position when not under external force.

[0032] When the conveyor belt needs to be extended, the push rod of the adjusting cylinder 213 extends to push the front frame 211 away from the rear frame 212. The belt body 206 is subjected to a tensile force, pulling the adjusting rollers 231 on both the front and rear sides to approach each other along the guide rail 230. The belt body 206 wound in an S shape is gradually straightened. At this time, the return spring 232 generates a tensile stress on the adjusting roller 231, ensuring that the belt body 206 maintains an appropriate tension during the extension process, thereby realizing the smooth extension of the conveyor belt (as Figure 11 shown). When the conveyor belt needs to be shortened, the adjusting cylinder 213 retracts to drive the front frame 211 to approach the rear frame 212. The adjusting roller 231 gradually returns to its initial position under the drive of the return spring 232, pulling the belt body 206 to form an S shape again while maintaining a certain tension to prevent the belt body 206 from sagging, realizing the storage of the belt body 206 (as Figure 12 shown).

[0033] The following is an example to illustrate the usage method of this device: When using the embodiment described in this application for ore transfer, the mobile trolley 120 can be flexibly moved to the side of the excavator, and the length and angle of the conveyor belt can be adjusted according to the position of the transport vehicle. After the ore is excavated, only need to rotate the excavator to unload the ore into the receiving hopper 110, and transport it to the transport vehicle through the conveyor belt for long-distance movement, greatly reducing the waiting time of the transport vehicle, and thus improving the excavation efficiency.

[0034] When the roadway conditions allow two transport vehicles to run in parallel, the advantages of this conveying device are particularly prominent. By adjusting the conveying angle and the length of the conveying mechanism, multiple transport vehicles can be loaded in sequence, realizing the alternating operation of multiple vehicles, and further improving the loading efficiency. This parallel operation mode greatly increases the ore transfer volume per unit time, resulting in a significant improvement in the overall excavation efficiency.

[0035] It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims rather than the above description.

Claims

1. A mining excavation and conveying system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a mobile material receiving mechanism and a conveying mechanism; the mobile material receiving mechanism comprises a mobile trolley (120) and a material receiving hopper (110) mounted on the mobile trolley (120); the mobile trolley (120) comprises a steering mechanism for adjusting the rotation angle of a mobile wheel (130); the conveying mechanism comprises a plurality of sections of conveyor belts connected in sequence from front to back in a stepped manner, and materials falling from the rear end of the previous conveyor belt fall to the front end of the next conveyor belt; the conveyor belt comprises a material receiving belt (201) located at the front end of the conveying mechanism and arranged below the material receiving hopper (110) and a loading belt (202) located at the rear end of the conveying mechanism; an adjustment mechanism (210) for adjusting the length of the conveyor belt is installed on the conveyor belt between the material receiving belt (201) and the loading belt (202).

2. The mining excavation and conveying system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steering mechanism comprises a steering cylinder (134), which is a servo electric cylinder. The front and rear ends of the steering cylinder (134) are respectively fixedly connected to push plates (133) on the left and right sides below the vehicle body, and both ends of the push plates (133) are provided with guide grooves. The steering mechanism also comprises a steering block (131), which is rotatably connected to the vehicle body via a rotating shaft, and a steering arm (132) slidably connected to the guide groove is fixed to the steering block (131).

3. The mining excavation and conveying system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steering block (131) further comprises a driving motor and a reducer (1311), and the driving motor directly drives the moving wheel (130) to rotate via the reducer (1311).

4. The mining excavation and conveying system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adjacent conveyor belts in the conveying mechanism are rotatably connected via a connecting plate (220).

5. The mining excavation and conveying system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveyor belt comprises a frame, and rotating rollers capable of moving forward and backward are rotatably installed at the front and rear ends of the frame, and the belt body (206) is wrapped around the rotating rollers; the adjustment mechanism (210) is installed on the frame of the middle section of the conveyor belt, and the adjustment mechanism (210) comprises a front frame (211) and a rear frame (212) that are slidably connected, and an adjustment cylinder (213) is provided between the front frame (211) and the rear frame (212); a plurality of guide rails (230) arranged vertically are provided on the rear frame (212), and each guide rail (230) is slidably connected to an adjustment roller (231), and the belt body (206) is wrapped around the adjustment roller (231) in an S shape.

6. The mining excavation and conveying system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjacent adjustment rollers (231) are arranged in a staggered manner front to back; the front adjustment rollers (231) and the front end of the rear frame (212) are connected to a return spring (232); the rear adjustment rollers (231) and the rear end of the rear frame (212) are connected to a return spring (232).

7. The mining excavation and conveying system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Support cylinders (204) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conveyor belt. The support cylinders (204) are fixed perpendicular to the ground. The support cylinders (204) are servo electric cylinders used to adjust the inclination angle of the conveyor belt.

8. The mining excavation and conveying system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of each section of the conveyor belt is provided with a baffle (205) for preventing ore from sliding down from the front end; the baffle (205) is arc-shaped and is arranged close to the front end of the conveyor belt.

9. The mining excavation and conveying system according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the material receiving hopper (110) is hinged to the moving trolley (120), and the other side is connected to the moving trolley (120) via a top cylinder (111).

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