Real-time monitoring and intelligent regulation and control system and method for microwave oil-rich coal pyrolysis

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil-rich coal pyrolysis regulation and control, and discloses a microwave oil-rich coal pyrolysis real-time monitoring and intelligent regulation and control system and method.The structure comprises a microwave heating device, an oil-rich coal sample, a microwave temperature measuring unit, an oil-rich coal damage detecting unit, a weighing unit, a gas output unit, an oil gas detecting and collecting unit and an upper computer; an oil-rich coal sample is placed in the quartz pyrolysis tube, and efficient pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal is achieved in a microwave heating mode. The temperature of the oil-rich coal sample in the pyrolysis process can be regulated and controlled through the microwave temperature measurement unit, the thermal damage of the oil-rich coal sample can be effectively detected through the oil-rich coal damage detection unit, and the mass change of the oil-rich coal sample in the pyrolysis process can be monitored in real time through the weighing unit. And the pyrolysis monitoring accuracy of the oil-rich coal sample is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil-rich coal pyrolysis control, and in particular to a microwave oil-rich coal pyrolysis real-time monitoring and intelligent control system and method. Background Art

[0002] As a special type of coal resource widely distributed in my country, oil-rich coal has the triple attributes of coal, oil and gas. Its development and utilization is of great significance to alleviate the urgent demand for domestic oil and gas resources and promote the clean, efficient and low-carbon recycling of coal resources. The large-scale development and efficient transformation of the oil-rich coal industry can not only inject new vitality into the country's energy supply chain, but also is a key path to achieve energy structure adjustment and sustainable development.

[0003] However, in the green development of oil-rich coal and gas resources, artificial pyrolysis (i.e., artificially induced chemical mining) has become the current mainstream technology. Although this technology is effective, it is affected by many factors, among which pyrolysis temperature and heating rate are the key factors that determine pyrolysis efficiency and product quality. These key factors mainly depend on the choice of heating method. Therefore, choosing a suitable heating method is crucial for the pyrolysis of oil-rich coal.

[0004] At present, the electric heating process has been widely used in the field of coal pyrolysis due to its mature technology and flexible operation. However, for oil-rich coal seams with low thermal conductivity and high pyrolysis temperature, the electric heating process has obvious limitations. Specifically, it manifests itself in problems such as rapid energy loss, long time consumption, and poor heat transfer effect. This not only affects the pyrolysis efficiency, but also increases production costs, limiting the effective development and utilization of oil-rich coal resources.

[0005] Therefore, how to select the best heating method to improve the heating efficiency and heat transfer stability of oil-rich coal has become an important technical challenge that needs to be solved in the current field of oil-rich coal pyrolysis. This is not only related to the effective development and utilization of oil-rich coal resources, but also has important significance for promoting the clean, efficient and low-carbon recycling of coal resources. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a microwave oil-rich coal pyrolysis real-time monitoring and intelligent control system and method to solve the technical problem of how to improve the heating efficiency and heat transfer stability of oil-rich coal in the prior art.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a microwave oil-rich coal pyrolysis real-time monitoring and intelligent control system, comprising a microwave heating device, an oil-rich coal sample, a microwave temperature measurement unit, an oil-rich coal damage detection unit, a weighing unit, a gas output unit, an oil and gas detection and collection unit, and a host computer; The microwave heating device is provided with a quartz pyrolysis tube; the rich oil coal sample is placed in the quartz pyrolysis tube; the detection end of the microwave temperature measurement unit is located inside the microwave heating device and is used to detect the temperature of the rich oil coal sample; the detection end of the rich oil coal damage detection unit abuts against the rich oil coal sample through the quartz pyrolysis tube and is used to detect the thermal damage of the rich oil coal sample; The weighing unit is inside the microwave heating device and is located below the quartz pyrolysis tube. The weighing end of the weighing unit abuts against the bottom of the rich oil coal sample through the quartz pyrolysis tube and is used to monitor the weight of the rich oil coal sample in real time; The quartz pyrolysis tube is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The output end of the gas output unit is connected to the air inlet of the quartz pyrolysis tube, and the input end of the oil and gas detection and collection unit is connected to the air outlet of the quartz pyrolysis tube; The signal ends of the microwave temperature measurement unit, the rich oil coal damage detection unit, the weighing unit, the gas output unit, and the oil and gas detection and collection unit are respectively connected to the host computer.

[0008] Preferably, the microwave temperature measurement unit includes a microwave transmitting and receiving signal integrated analysis device; the detection end of the microwave transmitting and receiving signal integrated analysis device includes a plurality of microwave transmitting devices and a residual microwave receiving device; The microwave transmitting and receiving signal integrated analysis device is located outside the microwave heating device. A plurality of microwave transmitting devices and residual microwave receiving devices are inside the microwave heating device and are distributed along the edge of the quartz pyrolysis tube for detecting the temperature of the rich oil coal sample; The signal output ends of the plurality of microwave transmitting devices and the residual microwave receiving devices are respectively connected to the signal input end of the microwave transmitting and receiving signal integrated analysis device, and the signal output end of the microwave transmitting and receiving signal integrated analysis device is connected to the signal input end of the host computer.

[0009] Preferably, the rich oil coal damage detection unit includes an acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer; the detection end of the acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer is an acoustic wave detection component; The acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer is located outside the microwave heating device. The acoustic wave detection component passes through the microwave heating device and abuts against the rich oil coal sample through the quartz pyrolysis tube for detecting the thermal damage of the rich oil coal sample; The signal output end of the acoustic wave detection component is connected to the signal input end of the acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer, and the signal output end of the acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer is connected to the signal input end of the host computer.

[0010] Furthermore, the acoustic wave detection component includes an acoustic wave waveguide rod; The detection end of the acoustic wave waveguide rod passes through the microwave heating device and abuts against the rich oil coal sample through the quartz pyrolysis tube; The signal end of the acoustic waveguide rod is located outside the microwave heating device, and an acoustic probe is provided at the signal end; the acoustic waveguide rod is connected to the signal input end of the acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer through the acoustic probe.

[0011] Preferably, metal microwave shielding boxes are respectively provided on both sides below the quartz pyrolysis tube, and the weighing unit is located between the two groups of metal microwave shielding boxes.

[0012] Furthermore, the weighing unit includes a thermogravimetric weighing device; The weighing end of the thermogravimetric weighing device is a thermogravimetric connecting rod. One end of the thermogravimetric connecting rod is connected to the thermogravimetric weighing device, and the other end abuts against the bottom of the oil-rich coal sample through the quartz pyrolysis tube for real-time monitoring of the weight of the oil-rich coal sample; The signal output end of the thermogravimetric weighing device is connected to the signal input end of the upper computer.

[0013] Preferably, the gas output unit includes a gas cylinder cabinet and gas cylinders; The gas cylinders are placed in the gas cylinder cabinet, and the gas cylinder cabinet is located outside the microwave heating device; The output end of the gas cylinder is connected to the air inlet of the quartz pyrolysis tube through a flexible air inlet pipe; An air inlet mass flowmeter is provided on the flexible air inlet pipe, and the signal output end of the air inlet mass flowmeter is connected to the signal input end of the upper computer.

[0014] Preferably, the oil and gas detection and collection unit includes an oil and gas analysis device, a constant low-temperature tar collection device, and a gas collection device; The input end of the oil and gas analysis device is connected to the air outlet of the quartz pyrolysis tube through a flexible air outlet pipe. A gas collection mass flowmeter is provided on the flexible air outlet pipe, and the signal ends of the oil and gas analysis device and the gas collection mass flowmeter are respectively connected to the upper computer; The output end of the oil and gas analysis device is connected to the gas collection device through the constant low-temperature tar collection device, and the gas collection device is connected to the upper computer.

[0015] Preferably, a heat preservation cavity is provided inside the microwave heating device, a heat preservation layer is coated on the outside of the heat preservation cavity, and the quartz pyrolysis tube is arranged inside the heat preservation cavity.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for real-time monitoring and intelligent control of microwave oil-rich coal pyrolysis. Based on the above-mentioned real-time monitoring and intelligent control system for microwave oil-rich coal pyrolysis, it includes the following processes: Place the rich-oil coal sample in a quartz pyrolysis tube, start the microwave heating device to heat the rich-oil coal sample. During the heating process, input the required atmosphere into the quartz pyrolysis tube through the gas output unit to make the inside of the quartz pyrolysis tube reach the pyrolysis conditions. When the temperature inside the quartz pyrolysis tube reaches the pyrolysis conditions, the mass of the rich-oil coal sample changes with the increase of the heating time. Among them, the dynamic change of the coal sample mass is recorded in real time through the weighing unit, the damage of the rich-oil coal sample during pyrolysis is monitored through the rich-oil coal damage detection unit, and at the same time, the temperature of the rich-oil coal sample is measured through the microwave temperature measurement unit. And the monitored and measured data are all fed back to the host computer. Finally, the atmosphere inside the quartz pyrolysis tube is output to the oil and gas detection and collection unit. The oil and gas detection and collection unit detects and collects the output oil and gas, and feeds back the detected results to the host computer to complete the real-time monitoring and intelligent control of microwave-rich-oil coal pyrolysis.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: The present invention provides a real-time monitoring and intelligent control system for microwave-rich-oil coal pyrolysis. The rich-oil coal sample is placed in a quartz pyrolysis tube, and the high-efficiency pyrolysis of rich-oil coal is realized by microwave heating. The temperature of the rich-oil coal sample during pyrolysis can be regulated through the microwave temperature measurement unit, and the thermal damage of the rich-oil coal sample can be effectively detected through the rich-oil coal damage detection unit. The weighing unit can monitor the mass change of the rich-oil coal sample during pyrolysis in real time, greatly improving the accuracy of pyrolysis monitoring of the rich-oil coal sample. The present invention conducts intelligent control through the host computer, and can automatically adjust parameters such as microwave heating power and gas flow according to the real-time monitored data to optimize the pyrolysis effect, ensure the quality and output of the products, and greatly improve the heating efficiency and heat transfer stability of rich-oil coal.

[0018] Furthermore, the microwave temperature measurement unit emits microwave signals through the microwave transmitting device, and the reflected signals are received by the residual microwave receiving device, thereby realizing the temperature measurement of the rich-oil coal sample, avoiding the errors and safety hazards that may be brought by the traditional contact temperature measurement method. The integrated microwave emission and reception signal analysis device can receive and process microwave signals in real time, thereby realizing the real-time monitoring of the temperature of the object to be measured, helping to detect and correct temperature deviations in time, and ensuring the stability of the production process and the product quality. By measuring the difference between the microwave emission and reception energies, and combining key physical parameters such as the dielectric constant, dielectric loss factor and specific heat capacity of the coal sample, the system realizes high-precision measurement and real-time monitoring of the coal sample based on the experimentally calibrated temperature-microwave energy relationship model.

[0019] Furthermore, the acoustic wave detector can continuously emit acoustic waves to the coal sample and receive the reflected signals. The acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer can then process these signals in real time and output the detection results, which helps to timely detect potential damage problems of the coal sample during the microwave heating process and provides strong support for the optimization of the production process. Under the action of microwaves, the rich oil coal sample releases elastic wave signals due to thermal damage. The signals are transmitted to the acoustic wave probe through the acoustic wave waveguide rod, and then the acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer processes the signals to extract the acoustic emission characteristic parameters and longitudinal wave velocity signals. By analyzing the variation laws of the acoustic emission signals and wave velocity signals, the system can monitor the thermal damage state of the coal sample in real time and provide accurate monitoring and evaluation support for the pyrolysis process of the rich oil coal.

[0020] Furthermore, the metal microwave shielding box can block the interference of microwaves to the weighing unit and ensure the accuracy of the weighing result. Secondly, the metal microwave shielding box can also play a role in protecting the weighing unit and prevent it from being damaged or its performance from deteriorating due to long-term exposure to microwave radiation.

[0021] Furthermore, during the microwave heating process, the mass of the rich oil coal sample changes with the increase of the heating time. The mass change information of the coal sample is efficiently transmitted to the thermogravimetric weighing device through the thermogravimetric connecting rod, and the dynamic change of the coal sample mass is recorded in real time to achieve accurate monitoring and analysis of the mass loss during the pyrolysis process.

[0022] Furthermore, the intake mass flowmeter can monitor and precisely control the gas flow rate entering the quartz pyrolysis tube in real time to ensure the stability and accuracy of the gas supply. By precisely controlling the gas flow rate, it can ensure that the gas supply in the quartz pyrolysis tube is sufficient and stable, thereby improving the heating efficiency of the microwave heating device.

[0023] Furthermore, the oil and gas analysis device can precisely analyze the oil and gas components released from the quartz pyrolysis tube, and the gas collection mass flowmeter can monitor the gas flow rate released from the quartz pyrolysis tube in real time to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the oil and gas analysis. By precisely controlling the gas flow rate, it can avoid analysis errors caused by too large or too small flow rates. The constant low-temperature tar collection device can collect the tar separated from the oil and gas analysis device under constant low-temperature conditions. This design helps to avoid the condensation and solidification of the tar and improves the collection efficiency and quality of the tar.

[0024] The present invention also provides a method for real-time monitoring and intelligent control of microwave-rich oil coal pyrolysis. By means of a weighing unit, the dynamic change of the mass of the coal sample is recorded in real time, and the mass loss of the rich oil coal during the pyrolysis process can be accurately grasped, so as to timely adjust the heating conditions and ensure the maximization of the pyrolysis efficiency. The microwave temperature measurement unit can monitor the temperature of the coal sample in real time, ensure that the pyrolysis process is carried out within the optimal temperature range, and avoid the low pyrolysis efficiency or resource waste caused by too high or too low temperature. The gas output unit accurately inputs the required atmosphere according to the pyrolysis conditions, which helps to optimize the pyrolysis process and improve the yield and quality of oil and gas. The rich oil coal damage detection unit can monitor the damage of the coal sample during the pyrolysis process, provide valuable experimental data for scientific research personnel, help to deeply understand the pyrolysis mechanism, and optimize the pyrolysis process. The oil and gas detection and collection unit can accurately detect and collect the oil and gas generated during the pyrolysis process, which provides convenience for the subsequent separation, purification and utilization of products. At the same time, by detecting the composition and content of the oil and gas, the pyrolysis effect can be evaluated, providing a basis for product quality control. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a real-time monitoring and intelligent control system for microwave-rich oil coal pyrolysis in an embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: 1. Microwave heating device; 2. Rich oil coal sample; 3. Quartz pyrolysis tube; 4. Heat preservation cavity; 5. Heat preservation layer; 6. Metal microwave shielding box; 7. Air inlet; 8. Flexible air inlet pipe; 9. Air outlet; 10. Thermogravimetric connecting rod; 11. Thermogravimetric weighing device; 12. Flexible air outlet pipe; 13. Inlet gas mass flowmeter; 14. Gas collection mass flowmeter; 15. Oil and gas analysis device; 16. Constant low temperature tar collection device; 17. Gas collection device; 18. Gas cylinder cabinet; 19. Gas cylinder; 20. Acoustic waveguide rod; 21. Acoustic wave probe; 22. Microwave transmitting device; 23. Residual microwave receiving device; 24. Integrated microwave transmitting and receiving signal analysis device; 25. Acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer; 26. Host computer. Detailed Embodiments

[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a real-time monitoring and intelligent control system and method for microwave-rich oil coal pyrolysis to solve the technical problem of how to improve the heating efficiency and heat transfer stability of rich oil coal in the prior art.

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Embodiment 1 Referring to Figure 1 , in an embodiment of the present invention, a real-time monitoring and intelligent control system for microwave-rich oil coal pyrolysis is provided, including a microwave heating device 1, a rich oil coal sample 2, a microwave temperature measurement unit, a rich oil coal damage detection unit, a weighing unit, a gas output unit, an oil and gas detection and collection unit, and a host computer 26; a quartz pyrolysis tube 3 is provided in the microwave heating device 1; the rich oil coal sample 2 is placed in the quartz pyrolysis tube 3; the detection end of the microwave temperature measurement unit is located in the microwave heating device 1 and is used to detect the temperature of the rich oil coal sample 2; the detection end of the rich oil coal damage detection unit abuts against the rich oil coal sample 2 through the quartz pyrolysis tube 3 and is used to detect the thermal damage of the rich oil coal sample; the weighing unit is in the microwave heating device 1 and is located below the quartz pyrolysis tube 3, and the weighing end of the weighing unit abuts against the bottom of the rich oil coal sample 2 through the quartz pyrolysis tube 3 and is used to monitor the weight of the rich oil coal sample 2 in real time; the quartz pyrolysis tube 3 is provided with an air inlet 7 and an air outlet 9, the output end of the gas output unit is connected to the air inlet 7 of the quartz pyrolysis tube 3, and the input end of the oil and gas detection and collection unit is connected to the air outlet 9 of the quartz pyrolysis tube 3; the signal ends of the microwave temperature measurement unit, the rich oil coal damage detection unit, the weighing unit, the gas output unit, and the oil and gas detection and collection unit are respectively connected to the signal input end of the host computer 26.

[0029] Specifically, the microwave temperature measurement unit includes a microwave transmitting and receiving signal integrated analysis device 24; the detection end of the microwave transmitting and receiving signal integrated analysis device 24 includes a plurality of microwave transmitting devices 22 and a residual microwave receiving device 23; the microwave transmitting and receiving signal integrated analysis device 24 is located outside the microwave heating device 1, and a plurality of microwave transmitting devices 22 and a residual microwave receiving device 23 are in the microwave heating device 1 and are distributed along the edge of the quartz pyrolysis tube 3 and are used to detect the temperature of the rich oil coal sample 2; the signal output ends of the plurality of microwave transmitting devices 22 and the residual microwave receiving device 23 are respectively connected to the signal input end of the microwave transmitting and receiving signal integrated analysis device 24, and the signal output end of the microwave transmitting and receiving signal integrated analysis device 24 is connected to the signal input end of the host computer 26.

[0030] In this embodiment, the microwave transmitting device 22 is responsible for generating microwave signals with a certain frequency and power and transmitting them into the rich oil coal sample 2. The frequency of the microwave signal is usually selected within the microwave frequency band because the interaction between microwave and matter is most significant in this frequency band. The number and distribution of the microwave transmitting devices 22 can be adjusted according to the shape, size, and temperature measurement requirements of the object to be measured. In this example, a plurality of microwave transmitting devices 22 are distributed along the edge of the quartz pyrolysis tube to ensure full coverage and accurate temperature measurement of the rich oil coal sample.

[0031] The residual microwave receiving device 23 is responsible for receiving the microwave signals reflected or scattered from the object to be measured. These signals contain the temperature information of the object to be measured because microwaves are absorbed when penetrating substances, and the degree of absorption is closely related to the temperature of the substances. The residual microwave receiving device 23 is also distributed along the edge of the quartz pyrolysis tube, corresponding to the microwave transmitting device 22, to ensure that the microwave signals reflected or scattered from the rich oil coal sample can be accurately received.

[0032] In this embodiment, the integrated microwave transmitting and receiving signal analysis device 24 is the core component of the microwave temperature measurement unit. It is responsible for receiving the signals from the microwave transmitting device and the residual microwave receiving device, and performing processing and analysis. First, the transmitted microwave signal and the received residual microwave signal are compared, and the temperature information of the object to be measured is inferred by calculating parameters such as the attenuation and phase change of the signal. The integrated microwave transmitting and receiving signal analysis device also has the ability of data processing and algorithm optimization, and can calculate the temperature of the rich oil coal sample in real time and accurately, and output the result to the upper computer for display and recording.

[0033] Specifically, the rich oil coal damage detection unit includes an acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer 25; the detection end of the acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer 25 is an acoustic wave detection component; the acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer 25 is located outside the microwave heating device 1, and the acoustic wave detection component passes through the microwave heating device 1 and abuts against the rich oil coal sample 2 through the quartz pyrolysis tube 3 for detecting the thermal damage of the rich oil coal sample; the signal output end of the acoustic wave detection component is connected to the signal input end of the acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer 25, and the signal output end of the acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer 25 is connected to the signal input end of the upper computer 26.

[0034] In this embodiment, the acoustic wave detection component, as the detection end of the acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer 25, is responsible for transmitting and receiving acoustic wave signals. During the pyrolysis of the rich oil coal, acoustic wave signals are generated inside the coal sample due to factors such as thermal stress and microcrack propagation. These signals are captured by the acoustic wave detection component and converted into electrical signals for subsequent processing. The acoustic wave detection component passes through the microwave heating device 1 and closely abuts against the rich oil coal sample 2 in the quartz pyrolysis tube 3. The acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer 25 can receive the electrical signals from the acoustic wave detection component and perform preprocessing such as amplification and filtering on them. Subsequently, acoustic emission technology is used to analyze the characteristic parameters of the acoustic wave signals such as frequency, amplitude, and energy to identify damage events inside the coal sample, such as the generation and propagation of microcracks.

[0035] Among them, the acoustic wave detection component includes an acoustic wave waveguide rod 20; the detection end of the acoustic wave waveguide rod 20 passes through the microwave heating device 1 and abuts against the rich oil coal sample 2 through the quartz pyrolysis tube 3; the signal end of the acoustic wave waveguide rod 20 is located outside the microwave heating device 1, and an acoustic wave probe 21 is provided at the signal end; the acoustic wave waveguide rod 20 is connected to the signal input end of the acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer 25 through the acoustic wave probe 21.

[0036] In this embodiment, the detection end of the acoustic wave waveguide rod 20 is designed to directly abut against the rich oil coal sample 2 inside the quartz pyrolysis tube 3 to ensure that the acoustic wave signal can be accurately and efficiently transmitted into the coal sample and the reflected signal can be received.

[0037] Specifically, metal microwave shielding boxes 6 are respectively provided on both sides below the quartz pyrolysis tube 3, and the weighing unit is located between the two groups of metal microwave shielding boxes 6.

[0038] In this embodiment, the weighing unit is located between the two groups of metal microwave shielding boxes 6. This layout enables the weighing unit to accurately measure the weight of the rich oil coal sample without being interfered by microwaves.

[0039] Among them, the weighing unit includes a thermogravimetric weighing device 11; the weighing end of the thermogravimetric weighing device 11 is a thermogravimetric connecting rod 10, one end of the thermogravimetric connecting rod 10 is connected to the thermogravimetric weighing device 11, and the other end abuts against the bottom of the rich oil coal sample 2 through the quartz pyrolysis tube 3 for real-time monitoring of the weight of the rich oil coal sample 2; the signal output end of the thermogravimetric weighing device 11 is connected to the signal input end of the host computer 26.

[0040] In this embodiment, the thermogravimetric connecting rod 10 serves as the weighing end of the thermogravimetric weighing device 11 and is directly connected to the bottom of the rich oil coal sample 2. It is usually made of high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant materials to ensure stability and accuracy during the high-temperature pyrolysis process. The design of the thermogravimetric connecting rod 10 enables it to accurately transmit the weight change of the coal sample to the thermogravimetric weighing device 11, thereby realizing real-time monitoring.

[0041] Specifically, the gas output unit includes a gas cylinder cabinet 18 and a gas cylinder 19; the gas cylinder 19 is placed in the gas cylinder cabinet 18, and the gas cylinder cabinet 18 is located outside the microwave heating device 1; the output end of the gas cylinder 19 is connected to the air inlet 7 of the quartz pyrolysis tube 3 through a flexible air inlet pipe 8; an air inlet mass flowmeter 13 is provided on the flexible air inlet pipe 8, and the signal output end of the air inlet mass flowmeter 13 is connected to the signal input end of the host computer 26.

[0042] In this embodiment, the gas cylinder 19 is placed inside the gas cylinder cabinet 18 and is used to store and supply the gas required for the experiment. The output end of the gas cylinder 19 is connected to the flexible inlet pipe 8 through a dedicated connecting device to ensure the stable supply of gas. The flexible inlet pipe 8 is a bendable, high-temperature resistant, and corrosion-resistant pipe, which is used to transport the gas in the gas cylinder 19 to the air inlet 7 of the quartz pyrolysis tube 3. The inlet mass flowmeter 13 is installed on the flexible inlet pipe 8 and is used to accurately measure and monitor the mass flow of the gas entering the quartz pyrolysis tube 3.

[0043] Specifically, the oil and gas detection and collection unit includes an oil and gas analysis device 15, a constant low-temperature tar collection device 16, and a gas collection device 17; the input end of the oil and gas analysis device 15 is connected to the gas outlet 9 of the quartz pyrolysis tube 3 through the flexible outlet pipe 12, and a gas collection mass flowmeter 14 is provided on the flexible outlet pipe 12. The signal ends of the oil and gas analysis device 15 and the gas collection mass flowmeter 14 are respectively connected to the upper computer; the output end of the oil and gas analysis device 15 is connected to the gas collection device 17 through the constant low-temperature tar collection device 16, and the gas collection device 17 is connected to the upper computer.

[0044] In this embodiment, the oil and gas analysis device 15 is responsible for receiving and analyzing the oil and gas discharged from the quartz pyrolysis tube 3. The input end of the oil and gas analysis device 15 is connected to the gas outlet 9 of the quartz pyrolysis tube 3 through the flexible outlet pipe 12 to ensure that the oil and gas can smoothly enter the analysis device. The signal end of the oil and gas analysis device 15 is connected to the upper computer, and it can transmit the analysis data to the upper computer in real time for display, recording, and analysis. The flexible outlet pipe 12 is a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant pipe, which is used to safely transport the oil and gas discharged from the quartz pyrolysis tube 3 to the oil and gas analysis device 15. The gas collection mass flowmeter 14 is installed on the flexible outlet pipe 12 and is used to accurately measure and monitor the mass flow of the gas entering the oil and gas analysis device 15. The constant low-temperature tar collection device 16 is located between the output end of the oil and gas analysis device 15 and the gas collection device 17 and is used to collect the tar components in the oil and gas under constant low-temperature conditions. The gas collection device 17 is used to collect the remaining gas after being processed by the oil and gas analysis device 15 and the constant low-temperature tar collection device 16.

[0045] Specifically, a heat preservation cavity 4 is provided inside the microwave heating device 1, and a heat preservation layer 5 is coated on the outside of the heat preservation cavity 4. The quartz pyrolysis tube 3 is arranged inside the heat preservation cavity 4.

[0046] In this embodiment, the heat preservation cavity 4 provides a closed and adiabatic heating environment, ensuring that the microwave energy can be efficiently transferred to the coal sample while reducing heat loss. The heat preservation layer 5 is coated on the outside of the heat preservation cavity 4, and its main function is to reduce heat loss and improve the heating efficiency. At the same time, it can also protect other components of the microwave heating device 1 from the influence of high temperature.

[0047] In this embodiment, by integrating a microwave temperature measurement unit, an enriched oil coal damage detection unit, a weighing unit, a gas output unit, and an oil and gas detection and collection unit, multi-dimensional dynamic data is collected and fused, and then transmitted to the host computer 26 for unified analysis and processing. The system relies on intelligent algorithms such as deep learning and artificial neural networks to dynamically model and predict the generation law of products such as coal tar during the pyrolysis process of coal samples. Based on the model analysis results, the host computer 26 precisely controls the microwave heating device 1 to realize the real-time optimization and regulation of key parameters such as microwave heating power, heating time, and atmosphere flow rate, so as to achieve efficient and precise control of the pyrolysis process of enriched oil coal, and improve the product quality and yield. In addition, when there are specific requirements for oil types (such as aviation fuel, kerosene, etc.), the system analyzes the composition characteristics of the oil products and conducts targeted regulation on the pyrolysis process of enriched oil coal, so that the composition of the products matches the target requirements to the greatest extent, thus meeting the requirements of directional production.

[0048] In this embodiment, microwave heating technology is used for real-time monitoring and intelligent regulation of the pyrolysis of enriched oil coal. Microwave heating is a radiation heating technology that can directly act on the target area to achieve rapid temperature rise, and has the advantages of high thermal efficiency, low energy consumption, and easy control. At the same time, the enriched oil coal contains various microwave absorbers such as water, minerals, and polar functional groups. These microwave absorbers will quickly generate thermal effects under the action of a high-frequency alternating electric field, promoting the efficient absorption of microwave energy by the coal body. The non-absorbing bodies undergo interfacial polarization, improving the dielectric response of the surrounding coal matrix to microwaves. During the microwave thermal response process, heat will drive the temperature rise of the nearby area through heat conduction, heat convection, etc., making the enriched oil coal heated evenly, effectively reducing energy loss, and improving the pyrolysis efficiency. Therefore, using microwave heating as a heat source to induce the pyrolysis of enriched oil coal shows great technical potential.

[0049] To sum up, the microwave enriched oil coal pyrolysis real-time monitoring and intelligent regulation system and method provided in this embodiment place the enriched oil coal sample in a quartz pyrolysis tube and achieve efficient pyrolysis of enriched oil coal through microwave heating. The temperature of the enriched oil coal sample during the pyrolysis process can be regulated by the microwave temperature measurement unit, and the thermal damage of the enriched oil coal sample can be effectively detected by the enriched oil coal damage detection unit. The weighing unit can real-time monitor the mass change of the enriched oil coal sample during the pyrolysis process, greatly improving the accuracy of the pyrolysis monitoring of the enriched oil coal sample; the present invention can perform intelligent regulation through the host computer, and can automatically adjust parameters such as microwave heating power and gas flow according to the real-time monitored data to optimize the pyrolysis effect, ensure the product quality and output, and greatly improve the heating efficiency and heat transfer stability of the enriched oil coal.

[0050] Embodiment 2 This embodiment provides a method for real-time monitoring and intelligent regulation of microwave enriched oil coal pyrolysis. Based on the microwave enriched oil coal pyrolysis real-time monitoring and intelligent regulation system as described above, it includes the following processes: Place the rich-oil coal sample 2 in the quartz pyrolysis tube 3, start the microwave heating device 1 to heat the rich-oil coal sample 2. During the heating process, input the required atmosphere into the quartz pyrolysis tube 3 through the gas output unit, so that the pyrolysis conditions are reached inside the quartz pyrolysis tube 3. When the temperature inside the quartz pyrolysis tube 3 reaches the pyrolysis conditions, the mass of the rich-oil coal sample 2 changes with the increase of the heating time. Among them, the dynamic change of the coal sample mass is recorded in real time through the weighing unit, the damage of the rich-oil coal sample 2 during pyrolysis is monitored through the rich-oil coal damage detection unit, and at the same time, the temperature of the rich-oil coal sample 2 is measured through the microwave temperature measurement unit. And the monitored and measured data are both fed back to the upper computer 26. Finally, the atmosphere inside the quartz pyrolysis tube 3 is output to the oil and gas detection and collection unit. The oil and gas detection and collection unit detects and collects the output oil and gas, and feeds back the detected results to the upper computer 26 to complete the real-time monitoring and intelligent control of microwave rich-oil coal pyrolysis.

[0051] In summary, the present invention also provides a method for real-time monitoring and intelligent control of microwave rich-oil coal pyrolysis. By recording the dynamic change of the coal sample mass in real time through the weighing unit, the mass loss of the rich-oil coal during pyrolysis can be accurately grasped, so as to timely adjust the heating conditions and ensure the maximization of pyrolysis efficiency. The microwave temperature measurement unit can monitor the temperature of the coal sample in real time, ensure that the pyrolysis process is carried out within the optimal temperature range, and avoid the low pyrolysis efficiency or resource waste caused by too high or too low temperature. The gas output unit accurately inputs the required atmosphere according to the pyrolysis conditions, which helps to optimize the pyrolysis process and improve the yield and quality of oil and gas. The rich-oil coal damage detection unit can monitor the damage of the coal sample during pyrolysis, provide valuable experimental data for scientific researchers, help to deeply understand the pyrolysis mechanism, and optimize the pyrolysis process. The oil and gas detection and collection unit can accurately detect and collect the oil and gas generated during pyrolysis, which provides convenience for the subsequent separation, purification and utilization of products. At the same time, by detecting the composition and content of the oil and gas, the pyrolysis effect can be evaluated, providing a basis for product quality control.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the specific implementation manners of the present invention can still be modified or equivalently replaced, and any modification or equivalent replacement without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microwave oil-rich coal pyrolysis real-time monitoring and intelligent control system, characterized in that: It comprises a microwave heating device (1), an oil-rich coal sample (2), a microwave temperature measurement unit, an oil-rich coal damage detection unit, a weighing unit, a gas output unit, an oil and gas detection and collection unit, and a host computer (26); A quartz pyrolysis tube (3) is provided in the microwave heating device (1); the oil-rich coal sample (2) is placed in the quartz pyrolysis tube (3); the detection end of the microwave temperature measurement unit is located in the microwave heating device (1) and is used to detect the temperature of the oil-rich coal sample (2); the detection end of the oil-rich coal damage detection unit abuts against the oil-rich coal sample (2) through the quartz pyrolysis tube (3) and is used to detect thermal damage to the oil-rich coal sample; The weighing unit is inside the microwave heating device (1) and is located below the quartz pyrolysis tube (3); the weighing end of the weighing unit abuts against the bottom of the oil-rich coal sample (2) through the quartz pyrolysis tube (3) to monitor the weight of the oil-rich coal sample (2) in real time; The quartz pyrolysis tube (3) is provided with an air inlet (7) and an air outlet (9), the output end of the gas output unit is connected to the air inlet (7) of the quartz pyrolysis tube (3), and the input end of the oil and gas detection and collection unit is connected to the air outlet (9) of the quartz pyrolysis tube (3); The signal ends of the microwave temperature measurement unit, the oil-rich coal damage detection unit, the weighing unit, the gas output unit, and the oil and gas detection and collection unit are respectively connected to a host computer (26).

2. A microwave oil-rich coal pyrolysis real-time monitoring and intelligent control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microwave temperature measurement unit comprises a microwave emission and reception signal integrated analysis device (24); the detection end of the microwave emission and reception signal integrated analysis device (24) comprises a plurality of microwave emission devices (22) and a residual microwave receiving device (23); The microwave transmitting and receiving signal integrated analysis device (24) is located outside the microwave heating device (1), and a plurality of microwave transmitting devices (22) and residual microwave receiving devices (23) are located inside the microwave heating device (1) and are distributed along the edge of the quartz pyrolysis tube (3) to detect the temperature of the oil-rich coal sample (2); The signal output ends of the plurality of microwave transmitting devices (22) and the residual microwave receiving devices (23) are respectively connected to the signal input end of the microwave transmitting and receiving signal integrated analysis device (24), and the signal output end of the microwave transmitting and receiving signal integrated analysis device (24) is connected to the signal input end of the host computer (26).

3. The microwave oil-rich coal pyrolysis real-time monitoring and intelligent control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The oil-rich coal damage detection unit comprises an acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer (25); the detection end of the acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer (25) is an acoustic wave detection component; The acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer (25) is located outside the microwave heating device (1), and the acoustic wave detection component passes through the microwave heating device (1) and abuts against the oil-rich coal sample (2) through the quartz pyrolysis tube (3), so as to detect thermal damage to the oil-rich coal sample; The signal output end of the acoustic wave detection component is connected to the signal input end of the acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer (25), and the signal output end of the acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer (25) is connected to the signal input end of the host computer (26).

4. A microwave oil-rich coal pyrolysis real-time monitoring and intelligent control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sonic wave detection component comprises a sonic wave waveguide rod (20); The detection end of the acoustic waveguide rod (20) passes through the microwave heating device (1) and abuts against the oil-rich coal sample (2) through the quartz pyrolysis tube (3); The signal end of the acoustic wave waveguide rod (20) is located outside the microwave heating device (1), and an acoustic wave probe (21) is provided at the signal end; the acoustic wave waveguide rod (20) is connected to the signal input end of the acoustic emission-wave velocity integrated analyzer (25) via the acoustic wave probe (21).

5. The microwave oil-rich coal pyrolysis real-time monitoring and intelligent control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Metal microwave shielding boxes (6) are respectively provided on both sides below the quartz pyrolysis tube (3), and the weighing unit is located between the two groups of metal microwave shielding boxes (6).

6. A microwave oil-rich coal pyrolysis real-time monitoring and intelligent control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The weighing unit comprises a thermal gravimetric weighing device (11); The weighing end of the thermogravimetric weighing device (11) is a thermogravimetric connecting rod (10), one end of the thermogravimetric connecting rod (10) is connected to the thermogravimetric weighing device (11), and the other end of the thermogravimetric connecting rod (10) is abutted against the bottom of the oil-rich coal sample (2) through a quartz pyrolysis tube (3), so as to monitor the weight of the oil-rich coal sample (2) in real time; The signal output end of the thermal gravimetric weighing device (11) is connected to the signal input end of the host computer (26).

7. The microwave oil-rich coal pyrolysis real-time monitoring and intelligent control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gas output unit comprises a gas cylinder cabinet (18) and a gas cylinder (19); The gas cylinder (19) is placed in a gas cylinder cabinet (18), and the gas cylinder cabinet (18) is located outside the microwave heating device (1); The output end of the gas cylinder (19) is connected to the gas inlet (7) of the quartz pyrolysis tube (3) via a flexible gas inlet pipe (8); An intake air mass flow meter (13) is provided on the flexible intake pipe (8), and a signal output end of the intake air mass flow meter (13) is connected to a signal input end of a host computer (26).

8. The microwave oil-rich coal pyrolysis real-time monitoring and intelligent control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil and gas detection and collection unit comprises an oil and gas analysis device (15), a constant low temperature tar collection device (16) and a gas collection device (17); The input end of the oil and gas analysis device (15) is connected to the gas outlet (9) of the quartz pyrolysis tube (3) via a flexible gas outlet pipe (12); a gas collection mass flow meter (14) is provided on the flexible gas outlet pipe (12); and the signal ends of the oil and gas analysis device (15) and the gas collection mass flow meter (14) are respectively connected to a host computer; The output end of the oil and gas analysis device (15) is connected to a gas collection device (17) via a constant low temperature tar collection device (16), and the gas collection device (17) is connected to a host computer.

9. The microwave oil-rich coal pyrolysis real-time monitoring and intelligent control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat preservation cavity (4) is provided in the microwave heating device (1), the outer side of the heat preservation cavity (4) is coated with a heat preservation layer (5), and the quartz pyrolysis tube (3) is arranged in the heat preservation cavity (4).

10. A method for real-time monitoring and intelligent control of microwave oil-rich coal pyrolysis, based on a real-time monitoring and intelligent control system for microwave oil-rich coal pyrolysis as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The process includes the following: An oil-rich coal sample (2) is placed in a quartz pyrolysis tube (3), and a microwave heating device (1) is started to heat the oil-rich coal sample (2). During the heating process, a desired atmosphere is input into the quartz pyrolysis tube (3) through a gas output unit, so that the quartz pyrolysis tube (3) reaches a pyrolysis condition. When the temperature in the quartz pyrolysis tube (3) reaches the pyrolysis condition, the mass of the oil-rich coal sample (2) changes as the heating time increases. The dynamic change of the coal sample mass is recorded in real time by a weighing unit. The damage of the oil-rich coal sample (2) during the pyrolysis process is monitored by an oil-rich coal damage detection unit. At the same time, the temperature of the oil-rich coal sample (2) is measured by a microwave temperature measurement unit, and the monitored and measured data are fed back to a host computer (26). Finally, the atmosphere in the quartz pyrolysis tube (3) is output to an oil and gas detection and collection unit. The oil and gas detection and collection unit detects and collects the output oil and gas, and feeds back the detection results to the host computer (26), thereby completing the real-time monitoring and intelligent control of microwave oil-rich coal pyrolysis.

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