Meteorological information acquisition system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of meteorological monitoring, and discloses a meteorological information acquisition system which is used for acquiring meteorological data of a wind field and a photovoltaic field. The meteorological information acquisition system comprises a plurality of anemometer towers, an environment detector and a communication module, the anemometer towers and the environment detector are installed at different heights of a wind field and a photovoltaic field respectively and used for acquiring meteorological data such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity, air pressure and radiation intensity in real time, and data transmission is carried out through the communication module. And real-time monitoring and analysis of meteorological information are realized. The meteorological information acquisition system provided by the invention can monitor parameters such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity, air pressure and the like in real time, transmits data to the operation management center for analysis and processing, and provides support for power prediction and equipment operation of a new energy field area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of meteorological monitoring, and particularly to a meteorological information acquisition system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy technologies, the proportion of renewable energy such as wind energy and solar energy in the energy structure has been increasing continuously. In order to improve the efficiency and reliability of new energy power generation, accurate acquisition and analysis of meteorological information are required. Traditional meteorological information acquisition systems have problems such as limited coverage and insufficient data accuracy, making it difficult to meet the high-precision and real-time requirements of meteorological data for new energy intelligent operation systems.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a meteorological information acquisition system to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the technical problems of limited coverage and insufficient data accuracy existing in traditional meteorological information acquisition systems, the present invention provides a meteorological information acquisition system.

[0005] The meteorological information acquisition system provided by the present invention includes: a plurality of anemometers installed at different positions in the wind farm, and each anemometer is provided with a plurality of sensors for collecting wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity, and air pressure data at different heights;

[0006] A plurality of environmental detectors installed at different positions in the photovoltaic power generation area for collecting temperature, relative humidity, solar horizontal plane radiation, inclined plane radiation, reflected radiation, scattered radiation, and direct radiation data;

[0007] A communication module connected to the anemometers and environmental detectors for transmitting the collected meteorological data to the operation management center.

[0008] Preferably, the data collected by the sensors of the anemometer include wind speed, wind direction at 10m, 30m, 50m, 70m, and the hub height of the wind turbine, as well as air temperature, air pressure, and relative humidity at an elevation of 10m.

[0009] Preferably, the data collected by the sensors of the environmental detector include temperature, relative humidity, solar horizontal plane radiation, inclined plane radiation, reflected radiation, scattered radiation, and direct radiation.

[0010] Preferably, the communication module uses the IEC104 or MQTT protocol for data transmission.

[0011] Preferably, the frequency of data collection by the sensors of the anemometers and environmental detectors is not less than 1Hz, and the resolution is not greater than 1S.

[0012] Preferably, the sensors of the anemometer tower and the environmental detector support communication protocols such as Modbus-TCP and OPC.

[0013] Compared with the related technologies, the meteorological information acquisition system provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The meteorological information acquisition system provided by the present invention can comprehensively collect meteorological data of the wind farm and the photovoltaic power generation area, provide accurate data support for new energy power prediction and equipment operation, can monitor meteorological parameters in real time, update data in a timely manner, and improve the accuracy and timeliness of prediction. Specific Embodiments

[0015] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0016] The present invention provides a meteorological information acquisition system:

[0017] 1. System Composition:

[0018] Anemometer Tower: At different positions in the wind farm, multiple anemometer towers are installed according to the geographical characteristics of the wind farm and the layout of the wind turbines. These anemometer towers, like the "meteorological sentinels" of the wind farm, stand at key nodes and monitor the meteorological dynamics of the wind farm all the time. Each anemometer tower is equipped with multiple sensors, which are distributed at different heights to capture the meteorological changes in the vertical direction of the wind farm. Specifically, the data collected by the sensors cover the wind speed and wind direction at 10m, 30m, 50m, 70m and the hub height of the wind turbine, and the air temperature, air pressure and relative humidity data are also collected at the 10m elevation. Such a multi-height and multi-parameter monitoring design can comprehensively reflect the meteorological conditions of the wind farm and provide detailed basic data for the power prediction of the wind farm. For example, the wind speed data at different heights can help analyze the wind shear situation, which is crucial for evaluating the power generation efficiency and mechanical load of the wind turbine; the wind direction data helps to understand the flow characteristics of the wind farm and guide the siting and arrangement of the wind turbines.

[0019] Environmental Detectors: In the photovoltaic power generation area, multiple environmental detectors are installed according to the distribution characteristics of solar radiation and the layout of photovoltaic modules. These environmental detectors, like the "sunshine watchmen" in the photovoltaic power generation area, are distributed at different positions and continuously monitor the meteorological parameters closely related to photovoltaic power generation. The sensors of the environmental detectors can collect data such as temperature, relative humidity, solar horizontal radiation, inclined plane radiation, reflected radiation, scattered radiation, and direct radiation. Temperature and relative humidity data are of great significance for evaluating the operating environment and efficiency loss of photovoltaic modules. Excessively high temperature may lead to a decrease in the power of photovoltaic modules, while changes in humidity may affect the insulation performance of the modules. Various radiation data are the core basis for predicting photovoltaic power generation. Different types of radiation reflect the propagation and conversion of solar energy in the atmosphere and directly affect the power generation of photovoltaic modules. For example, direct radiation data can help calculate the power generation potential of photovoltaic modules at the optimal tilt angle, while scattered radiation and reflected radiation data help evaluate the comprehensive impact of environmental factors on photovoltaic power generation.

[0020] Communication Module: As the "neural network" of the entire meteorological information collection system, the communication module is closely connected to the anemometer tower and environmental detectors and is responsible for transmitting the massive amount of meteorological data collected in real time and accurately to the operation management center. It supports multiple communication protocols, including IEC104 and MQTT, etc. The communication module not only has a powerful data transmission ability but also has high reliability and stability, and can operate normally in a complex electromagnetic environment and harsh climate conditions. Through reasonable network planning and data transmission strategies, the communication module can ensure the integrity and timeliness of meteorological data during the transmission process, avoid data loss or delay, and provide a solid data foundation for the real-time monitoring and analysis of the operation management center.

[0021] 2. Data Collection and Transmission

[0022] The sensors on the anemometer tower collect data at a frequency not lower than 1Hz, which means obtaining meteorological data at least once per second. Such high-frequency collection can capture the subtle changes in the wind field meteorological parameters and ensure the real-time and dynamic nature of the data. The data such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity, and air pressure collected by the sensors, after preliminary analog-to-digital conversion and signal processing, are sent to the operation management center through the communication module according to the set data format and transmission protocol. During the data transmission process, the communication module will package and encrypt the data to ensure the security and integrity of the data. For example, in the event of key meteorological events such as sudden changes in wind speed or wind direction, high-frequency data collection can promptly capture these changes and provide timely warning information for the emergency response and equipment protection of the wind farm.

[0023] The sensors of the environmental detector also collect data at a frequency of no less than 1 Hz. Such a collection frequency can meet the real-time requirements of meteorological data in the photovoltaic field. The collected temperature, relative humidity, various radiation data, etc., after signal conditioning and digital processing inside the sensor, are transmitted to the operation management center through the communication module at set time intervals. When transmitting data, the communication module classifies and marks the data according to different radiation types and meteorological parameters, so that the operation management center can quickly and accurately identify and process various types of data. For example, when there are significant changes in sunlight intensity or sudden changes in weather conditions, the environmental detector can capture and transmit these data in a timely manner, providing the latest input parameters for the power prediction model in the photovoltaic field, thereby improving the accuracy of power generation prediction.

[0024] The communication module plays a crucial role in the data transmission process. According to the set time interval, it packs the data collected by the anemometer tower and the environmental detector into data frames, and then sends them to the operation management center through a wired or wireless communication network. In the data frame, not only the meteorological data itself is included, but also auxiliary information such as the timestamp of data collection, the identification information of the collection device, and the quality flag of the data. This auxiliary information helps the operation management center to perform accurate time synchronization and device positioning for the data, and at the same time can judge the reliability and validity of the data. For example, the timestamp information can ensure the temporal consistency of data collected by different devices, providing a basis for subsequent data fusion and analysis; the device identification information helps to distinguish different collection devices in terms of location and type, facilitating the individual analysis and management of data from specific devices.

[0025] 3. Data Processing and Analysis

[0026] After receiving the meteorological data, the operation management center first performs data storage. The data storage uses a distributed database system, which can efficiently process and store large-scale meteorological data. The database system has high scalability and fault tolerance, can be flexibly expanded as the data volume increases and the system scale expands, and at the same time can ensure the security and reliability of the data. While storing the data, the operation management center preprocesses the data, including operations such as data cleaning and data verification. The purpose of data cleaning is to remove outliers and noise in the data. For example, obvious error data caused by sensor failures or signal interference will be identified and excluded to improve the quality and usability of the data. Data verification checks the consistency and rationality of the data by comparing the data collected by different sensors at the same time or comparing the data collected by the same sensor at different times, ensuring the authenticity and accuracy of the data.

[0027] The pre - processed meteorological data is input into the power prediction model. The power prediction model is the core of the entire system. It combines meteorological data and historical power generation data and, through complex mathematical modeling and machine - learning algorithms, predicts the short - term, ultra - short - term, and medium - to - long - term power generation of new - energy power stations. Short - term power prediction usually covers the power generation in the next few hours to several days. Ultra - short - term power prediction focuses on the power generation changes in the next few minutes to several hours. Medium - to - long - term power prediction can extend to the analysis of power generation trends in the next few months or even longer. For example, for a wind farm, the power prediction model will predict the power generation output of the wind farm under different meteorological conditions based on meteorological data such as wind speed, wind direction, and temperature, combined with the performance curve of wind turbines and historical power generation data. Similarly, for a photovoltaic power generation area, the model will predict the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation area based on meteorological parameters such as solar radiation intensity, temperature, and humidity, as well as the characteristic curve of photovoltaic modules and historical power generation records. These prediction results provide a scientific basis for the dispatching operation and power trading of new - energy power stations, helping to optimize the operation efficiency and stability of the power system.

[0028] Through real - time monitoring and analysis of meteorological data, the system can provide decision - making support for equipment operation management and maintenance. For example, when it is predicted that extreme weather events such as strong winds, heavy rains, and heavy snows may damage wind turbines or photovoltaic modules, the system can issue an early warning in advance, reminding the operation and maintenance personnel to take corresponding protective measures, such as adjusting the pitch angle of wind turbines and locking photovoltaic brackets, to reduce the risk of equipment damage. At the same time, the system can also reasonably arrange the inspection and maintenance plan of equipment according to meteorological data and the operation status of equipment. For example, during periods of low wind speed or weak sunlight, arrange regular maintenance and inspection work for wind turbines or photovoltaic modules, which not only does not affect power generation efficiency but also ensures the normal operation of equipment, improving the service life and reliability of equipment.

[0029] Compared with related technologies, the meteorological information acquisition system provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The meteorological information acquisition system provided by the present invention realizes the comprehensive, accurate, and real - time acquisition and monitoring of meteorological information by deploying multiple anemometers and environmental detectors in wind farms and photovoltaic power generation areas, combined with an efficient communication module and advanced data processing and analysis technologies. This system can not only provide accurate data support for power prediction in new - energy power stations, improving power generation efficiency and reliability, but also play an important role in equipment operation management and maintenance, reducing operation costs and equipment failure risks. With the continuous development and application of new - energy technologies, the meteorological information acquisition system described in the present invention will play an increasingly important role in promoting the intelligent operation and sustainable development of new - energy, making a positive contribution to achieving energy transformation and addressing climate change.

[0031] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and thus do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent process transformation made using the specification of the present invention, directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, shall similarly be included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A meteorological information collection system, characterized in that: include: Multiple wind towers are installed at different locations in the wind farm. Each tower is equipped with multiple sensors to collect wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity and air pressure data at different heights. Multiple environmental detectors are installed at different locations in the photovoltaic field to collect temperature, relative humidity, solar horizontal radiation, oblique radiation, reflected radiation, scattered radiation and direct radiation data; The communication module is connected to the wind tower and the environmental detector to transmit the collected meteorological data to the operation management center.

2. The meteorological information collection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data collected by the sensors of the wind tower include wind speed and direction at 10m, 30m, 50m, 70m and at the hub height of the wind turbine, as well as the temperature, air pressure and relative humidity at an altitude of 10m.

3. The meteorological information collection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data collected by the sensor of the environmental detector include temperature, relative humidity, solar horizontal radiation, oblique radiation, reflected radiation, scattered radiation and direct radiation.

4. The meteorological information collection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication module adopts IEC104 protocol for data transmission, and may also adopt or MQTT protocol for data transmission.

5. The meteorological information collection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frequency of data collection by the sensors of the wind tower and the environmental detector is not less than 1 Hz, and the resolution is not greater than 1S.

6. The meteorological information collection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensors of the wind tower and the environmental detector all support Modbus-TCP and OPC communication protocols.