Radiating unit with ultra-wideband and antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a radiation unit with an ultra-wideband and an antenna, which are characterized in that an oscillator base is provided with four hollow support columns which are distributed in a rectangular shape, the hollow part forms a feed inner cavity, and the height of the oscillator base is one fourth of the wavelength of a central frequency point; the first feed sheet and the second feed sheet are arranged in a mutually crossed manner and are not contacted, and the width of the first feed sheet and the width of the second feed sheet are changed from one end to the other end according to a Chebyshev transformation rule; each vibrator unit is provided with four square outer frames distributed in a rectangular shape, inclined ribs and supporting column mounting holes are arranged on inner rings of the square outer frames, and the square outer frames, the supporting column mounting holes and the inclined ribs are located on the same plane; one end of the guide sheet support column is vertically fixed on the oscillator unit; the guiding sheet is fixedly arranged on the other end of the guiding sheet supporting column, and the height from the guiding sheet to the vibration surface of the vibrator unit is smaller than a quarter of the wavelength of the central frequency point. According to the invention, several generations of mobile communication technologies can be met simultaneously, and different frequency band requirements of different operators can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mobile communication antennas, and in particular to a radiation element and an antenna with an ultra-wide bandwidth. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of mobile communication technologies, multiple generations of communication technologies such as 3G, 4G, and 5G coexist, the communication frequency bands are continuously expanded, and different operators have different usages of frequency bands. Under such a development trend, traditional radiation elements are difficult to meet the actual needs, often only covering a limited frequency band and unable to meet the requirements of ultra-wide bandwidth.

[0003] In order to enable a single antenna to simultaneously adapt to several generations of mobile communication technologies and meet the frequency band requirements of different operators, it is necessary to design a radiation element with an ultra-wide bandwidth. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a radiation element and an antenna with an ultra-wide bandwidth.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a radiation element with an ultra-wide bandwidth, comprising:

[0006] A vibrator base provided with four hollow support columns distributed in a rectangle, the hollow parts of the hollow support columns form a feed cavity, and the height of the vibrator base is one-quarter wavelength of the center frequency point;

[0007] A first feed sheet and a second feed sheet, which are arranged crosswise and do not contact each other. The vertical sections of the first feed sheet and the second feed sheet respectively penetrate into the feed cavity, and the widths of the first feed sheet and the second feed sheet change according to the Chebyshev transformation law from one end to the other end;

[0008] A vibrator unit provided with four square outer frames distributed in a rectangle. The inner circle of the square outer frame is provided with diagonal ribs and support column mounting holes, and the square outer frame, the support column mounting holes, and the diagonal ribs are located in the same plane;

[0009] A director support column, one end of which is perpendicularly fixed to the vibrator unit;

[0010] A director, which is fixed to the other end of the director support column, and the height of the director from the vibration plane of the vibrator unit is less than one-quarter wavelength of the center frequency point.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention: columns extending downward are provided at the outer corners of the square outer frame, the four columns are distributed in a rectangle, and the sum of the extension lengths of the columns and the length of the diagonal of the square outer frame is close to one-quarter wavelength of the lowest frequency of the radiation element.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention: a notch is provided at the top of the hollow support column near the center of the oscillator base, a first positioning member and a second positioning member are arranged at intervals at the notch, a clamping position is formed between the first positioning member and the second positioning member, and one end of the fixed section of the vertical section connected to the first feeding sheet and the second feeding sheet is fixedly arranged in the clamping position.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention: a downward concave portion is provided on the fixed section of the second feeding sheet, an upward convex portion is provided on the fixed section of the first feeding sheet, the concave portion and the convex portion are arranged oppositely, the concave portion is in an inverted isosceles trapezoid shape, and the convex portion is in a regular isosceles trapezoid shape.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention: connecting portions, first horizontal portions and second horizontal portions are further provided on the fixed sections of the first feeding sheet and the second feeding sheet, the connecting portion is inclined downward from the first horizontal portion, the vertical section of the second feeding sheet or the first feeding sheet is connected to the connecting portion, and the first horizontal portion, the concave portion or the convex portion, and the second horizontal portion are connected in sequence.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention: the included angle between the connecting portion and the first horizontal portion is an obtuse angle, and the included angle between the connecting portion and the vertical section of the second feeding sheet or the first feeding sheet is an obtuse angle.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention: the diagonal ribs are respectively connected to adjacent two sides of the square outer frame, a supporting portion is connected to the middle of the diagonal ribs, and the support column mounting hole is opened on the supporting portion.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention: the diagonal ribs are arranged on the diagonal of the square outer frame, a supporting portion is provided on the diagonal ribs, and the support column mounting hole is opened on the supporting portion.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention: the size of the director is close to one quarter of the wavelength of the center frequency point.

[0019] An antenna uses the above-mentioned radiation unit with an ultra-wide frequency band.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] The radiation unit of the present invention has good in-band gain, polarization isolation, cross-polarization ratio, radiation front-to-back ratio and standing wave ratio indexes through the cooperation of the director and the radiation surface, the cross arrangement of the feeding sheets and the design of the width using Chebyshev transformation, the oscillator base, and the design of the diagonal ribs. When applied to an antenna, it can simultaneously meet several generations of mobile communication technologies and meet the different frequency band requirements of different operators. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure of a radiation unit with an ultra-wideband of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 Exploded view of a radiation unit with an ultra-wideband of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 Bottom view of a radiation unit with an ultra-wideband of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of another embodiment of a radiation unit with an ultra-wideband of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 Exploded view of another embodiment of a radiation unit with an ultra-wideband of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 Bottom view of another embodiment of a radiation unit with an ultra-wideband of the present invention.

[0028] Reference numerals:

[0029] 1, oscillator base; 2, first feed sheet; 21, raised portion; 3, second feed sheet; 31, recessed portion; 231, connecting portion; 232, first horizontal portion; 233, second horizontal portion; 4, oscillator unit; 5, director support column; 6, director; 7, diagonal rib; 8, cylinder. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] To solve the technical problems in the prior art, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments:

[0032] As Figures 1 to 6 shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a radiation unit with an ultra-wideband, including an oscillator base 1, a first feed sheet 2, a second feed sheet 3, a director 6 support column 5, an oscillator unit 4 and a director 6.

[0033] The oscillator base 1 is the support foundation of the radiation unit, ensuring the structural stability of the radiation unit. The oscillator base 1 is composed of four hollow support columns and a base table. The four hollow support columns are in the shape of cylinders 8 and have two hollow feed support columns and two hollow balun support columns.

[0034] The diameters and heights of the four hollow cylinders 8 are related to the matching of the ultra-wideband radiation element. The four hollow cylinders 8 are vertically fixed on the base tabletop, and their hollow parts are used as coaxial cavities for the first feeding piece 2 and the second feeding piece 3, that is, the feeding inner cavity. The size of the base tabletop depends on the diameters and spacings of the four hollow cylinders 8.

[0035] The spacing between the four hollow cylinders 8 is related to the polarization isolation of the entire radiation element. The four hollow cylinders 8 are arranged in a rectangular distribution, and the appropriate spacing reduces the interference between different polarization signals and improves the polarization isolation. The height of the entire base is related to the bandwidth of the ultra-wideband radiation element, and generally the height is one-quarter wavelength of the center frequency point.

[0036] The second feeding piece 3 and the first feeding piece 2 are arranged crosswise, and it serves as the feeding for two polarizations and realizes impedance matching. The widths of the first feeding piece 2 and the second feeding piece 3 change according to the Chebyshev transformation law from one end to the other end. The widths of the first feeding piece 2 and the second feeding piece 3 are constantly changing. The design method of Chebyshev transformation is adopted to realize the impedance matching of the ultra-wideband, effectively reduce signal reflection, lower the standing wave ratio, improve the signal transmission efficiency, and further enhance the in-band gain of the radiation element and optimize the standing wave ratio index.

[0037] The width changes of the second feeding piece 3 and the first feeding piece 2 follow the design principle of Chebyshev transformation. Specifically, the widths of the feeding pieces have different values at different positions, so that the feeding pieces have relatively narrow widths at the corresponding positions in the low-frequency band, thereby providing a relatively high characteristic impedance to adapt to the transmission requirements of low-frequency signals; while at the corresponding positions in the high-frequency band, the widths of the feeding pieces are relatively wide, thereby reducing the characteristic impedance to meet the transmission requirements of high-frequency signals.

[0038] They cross each other and do not touch, and are respectively responsible for the feeding in two polarization directions. The crossing angle is precisely set to achieve efficient feeding in two polarization directions and good polarization isolation performance. The selection of the crossing angle is based on the comprehensive optimization considerations of various performances such as the polarization characteristics, radiation pattern, and impedance matching of the radiation element.

[0039] Preferably, the second feeding piece 3 and the first feeding piece 2 are arranged in a cross shape. The vertical segments of the first feeding piece 2 and the second feeding piece 3 respectively penetrate into the feeding inner cavity.

[0040] In some embodiments, a notch is provided at the top of the hollow support column near the center of the oscillator base 1, and a first positioning member and a second positioning member are provided at intervals at the notch. A clamping position is formed between the first positioning member and the second positioning member, and one end of the fixed segment of the vertical segment connected to the first feeding piece 2 and the second feeding piece 3 is fixedly arranged in the clamping position.

[0041] The fixation of the first feeding piece 2 and the second feeding piece 3 is achieved through the first positioning piece and the second positioning piece. Generally speaking, the first positioning piece and the second positioning piece can be designed only at the notches of two adjacent hollow balun support columns.

[0042] Furthermore, a downward concave portion 31 is provided on the fixed section of the second feeding piece 3, and an upward convex portion 21 is provided on the fixed section of the first feeding piece 2. The concave portion 31 and the convex portion 21 are arranged oppositely. The concave portion 31 is in the shape of an inverted isosceles trapezoid, and the convex portion 21 is in the shape of a regular isosceles trapezoid.

[0043] Even further, connecting portions 231, a first horizontal portion 232, and a second horizontal portion 233 are also provided on the fixed sections of the first feeding piece 2 and the second feeding piece 3. The connecting portion 231 is inclined downward from the first horizontal portion 232. The vertical section of the second feeding piece 3 or the first feeding piece 2 is connected to the connecting portion 231. The first horizontal portion 232, the concave portion 31 or the convex portion 21, and the second horizontal portion 233 are connected in sequence.

[0044] The second horizontal portion 233 is fixedly connected to the clamping position at the notch. Further, the convex portion 21 of the first feeding piece 2 is higher than the top end of the square outer frame.

[0045] The connecting portion 231, the first horizontal portion 232, and the second horizontal portion 233 of the first feeding piece 2 are lower than the convex portion 21, and the connecting portion 231, the first horizontal portion 232, and the second horizontal portion 233 of the second feeding piece 3 are higher than the concave portion 31. The first horizontal portion 232 and the second horizontal portion 233 are on the same horizontal line. The vertical section of the first feeding piece 2 or the second feeding piece 3 is perpendicular to the first horizontal portion 232 and the second horizontal portion 233 respectively.

[0046] Even further, the included angle between the connecting portion 231 and the first horizontal portion 232 is an obtuse angle, and the included angle between the connecting portion 231 and the vertical section of the second feeding piece 3 or the first feeding piece 2 is an obtuse angle.

[0047] The oscillator unit 4 is provided with four square outer frames distributed in a rectangular shape. Diagonal ribs 7 and support column mounting holes are provided on the inner circle of the square outer frame. The square outer frame, the support column mounting holes, and the diagonal ribs 7 are in the same plane. There is a spacing between adjacent square outer frames, and this spacing is specifically designed according to actual requirements. Correspondingly, fixing holes corresponding to the support column mounting holes are provided on the director support column 5.

[0048] That is to say, the oscillator plane is composed of four geometrically symmetric square outer frames and the internal diagonal ribs 7 and support column mounting holes. The dimensional lengths of the diagonals of the four square outer frames are generally one-quarter of the wavelength of the center frequency point.

[0049] The positions of the diagonal ribs 7 inside the four square outer frames also contribute to enhancing their radiation bandwidth, and the positions of their joints correspond to the resonance lengths of some frequency points within the frequency band. The lengths and positions of the diagonal ribs 7 can be optimized according to the center frequency point and bandwidth requirements of the antenna. By reasonably designing the positions and connection methods of the diagonal ribs 7, the radiation bandwidth and impedance matching of the antenna can be enhanced.

[0050] The design of the diagonal ribs 7 can optimize the distributions of the radiation electric field and magnetic field, enhance the radiation effect, and improve the performance of the radiation element in a specific frequency band. Different frequency points within the frequency band correspond to different resonance lengths. When the positions of the joints of the diagonal ribs 7 correspond to these resonance lengths, the radiation intensity of the signals at that frequency can be enhanced, enabling the radiation element to have better radiation performance near that frequency point, which helps to expand the bandwidth of the radiation element and improve its adaptability to different frequency signals.

[0051] There are also various forms of the connection methods of the diagonal ribs 7, and only 2 of them are listed in this application.

[0052] The first one is as Figures 1 to 3 shown. The diagonal ribs 7 are respectively connected to the adjacent two side edges of the square outer frame. A support part is connected to the middle of the diagonal ribs 7, and the support column mounting holes are opened on the support part. The included angle between the diagonal ribs 7 and the side edges of the square outer frame is an acute angle.

[0053] The second one is as Figures 4 to 6 shown. The diagonal ribs 7 are arranged on the diagonal of the square outer frame. A support part is provided on the diagonal ribs 7, and the support column mounting holes are opened on the support part. Further, the diagonal ribs 7 are located on the diagonal of the square outer frame where the column body 8 extends.

[0054] There are downward extending column bodies 8 with specific lengths at the four outer corners of the four square outer frames respectively. This downward extending column body 8 is beneficial for the oscillator to achieve ultra-wideband. The sum of its length and the length of the diagonal of the square outer frame of the oscillator surface is close to one-quarter of the wavelength of the lowest frequency of this radiation element.

[0055] By using the director support column 5 to place the director 6 directly above the oscillator surface, the radiation energy is more concentrated and radiated forward, reducing the radiation energy at the rear, improving the front-to-back ratio of the radiation, and cooperating with the oscillator surface to improve the in-band gain. The height of the director 6 from the oscillator surface is generally less than one-quarter of the wavelength of the center frequency point.

[0056] The size of the director 6 is close to one-quarter of the wavelength of the center frequency point. It plays an important role in improving the radiation bandwidth of this radiation element. When the size is appropriate, it can enhance the radiation intensity in a specific direction, improve the signal receiving and transmitting capabilities of the radiation element in this direction, and enhance the gain effect.

[0057] The size of the director 6 is designed to be one - quarter wavelength of the center frequency point, which can effectively expand the operating bandwidth of the radiating element. The director 6 enhances the radiation efficiency of the radiating element near the center frequency point by generating resonance, thereby increasing the bandwidth. The size optimization of the director 6 can improve the gain of the radiating element.

[0058] By reasonably designing the size and shape of the director 6, the radiation directivity and gain of the radiating element can be enhanced. The shape of the director 6 can be a square, a regular polygon, a circle, or a cross - shaped, etc.

[0059] If the shape of the director 6 is a square, its side length is designed to be one - quarter wavelength of the center frequency point. If the shape of the director 6 is a regular polygon (such as a regular hexagon, a regular octagon, etc.), the diameter of its circumscribed circle is designed to be one - quarter wavelength of the center frequency point. If the shape of the director 6 is a cross - shaped, the length of each arm is designed to be one - quarter wavelength of the center frequency point.

[0060] After the above - mentioned structural design, the absolute bandwidth of the radiating element with ultra - wideband of the present invention reaches 1000 MHz, and the relative bandwidth reaches 45.5%. The radiating element has a high in - band gain, a high polarization isolation degree, a high cross - polarization ratio, a good front - to - back ratio of radiation, and a good standing - wave ratio index. Using this ultra - wideband radiating element, various different arrays can be formed, and base station antennas with different radiation angles and gains of various ultra - widebands can be designed.

[0061] The present invention also discloses an antenna using the above - mentioned radiating element with ultra - wideband. This radiating element can simultaneously meet the requirements of several generations of mobile communication technologies in the antenna, and meet the different frequency band requirements of different operators, adapting to the development needs of 3G / 4G / 5G mobile communications.

[0062] Through the design of the hollow cylinder 8, the cross - setting of the feeding piece and the width using Chebyshev transformation design, the impedance matching and polarization isolation degree of ultra - wideband are realized. Through the design of the square outer frame and the diagonal rib 7, the bandwidth expansion and the optimization of the front - to - back ratio of radiation are realized. Through the design of the director 6, the bandwidth expansion and the gain improvement are realized. Through the design of the downward - extending cylinder 8, the bandwidth expansion and resonance optimization in the low - frequency band are realized. The structures such as the oscillator base 1, the feeding piece, the diagonal rib 7, the square outer frame, and the director 6 work together, and the radiating element realizes high - performance radiation characteristics in the ultra - wideband, meeting the frequency band requirements of multiple generations of mobile communication technologies.

[0063] The main functions of the present invention:

[0064] 1. Four hollow cylinders are distributed in a rectangle, and a suitable spacing is designed to ensure the isolation performance of the radiating element in different polarization directions.

[0065] 2. The width of the feeding patch adopts the design method of Chebyshev transformation, and the width gradually changes from one end to the other end to achieve impedance matching in the ultra-wide frequency band. The feeding patches are cross-placed to ensure the isolation performance in two polarization directions and ensure the signal isolation performance of the radiation unit in different polarization directions.

[0066] 3. The design of the vibrating surface optimizes the front-to-back ratio of radiation. The diagonal dimension length of the four square outer frames is one-quarter wavelength of the center frequency point, ensuring good radiation characteristics of the vibrating surface near the center frequency point. The positions of the internal diagonal ribs in the four square outer frames correspond to the resonance lengths of some frequency points within the frequency band, enhancing the radiation bandwidth.

[0067] 4. The design of the director patch helps to expand the working bandwidth of the radiation unit, especially in the high-frequency band. Optimize the gain of the radiation unit to ensure the radiation efficiency of the radiation unit in different frequency bands.

[0068] 5. The downward extension cylinders are located at the four outer corners of the square outer frame of the vibrating surface. The sum of their lengths and the diagonal length of the square outer frame of the vibrating surface is close to one-quarter wavelength of the lowest frequency of the radiation unit. The design of the downward extension cylinders helps to expand the working bandwidth of the radiation unit, especially in the low-frequency band, and can adjust the resonance frequency of the radiation unit to optimize the radiation characteristics and impedance matching.

[0069] In summary, after reading the documents of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can make various other corresponding transformation schemes without creative mental labor according to the technical solutions and technical concepts of the present invention, and all of them fall within the scope protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A radiation unit with an ultra-wideband, characterized in that: include: A vibrator base, which is provided with four hollow support columns distributed in a rectangular shape, wherein the hollow parts of the hollow support columns form a feeding cavity, and the height of the vibrator base is one quarter of the wavelength of the center frequency; A first feeding plate and a second feeding plate are arranged crosswise and not in contact with each other, vertical sections of the first feeding plate and the second feeding plate are respectively inserted into the feeding inner cavity, and the width of the first feeding plate and the second feeding plate changes from one end to the other end according to the Chebyshev transformation law; The vibrator unit is provided with four square outer frames distributed in a rectangular shape, the inner circle of the square outer frames is provided with oblique ribs and support column mounting holes, and the square outer frames, support column mounting holes and oblique ribs are located in the same plane; A guide sheet support column, one end of which is vertically fixed on the vibrator unit; The guide plate is fixed on the other end of the guide plate support column, and the height of the guide plate from the vibration surface of the vibrator unit is less than a quarter of the wavelength of the center frequency point.

2. The radiation unit with ultra-wideband according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer corners of the square outer frame are provided with downwardly extending columns, and the four columns are distributed in a rectangular shape. The sum of the extension length of the columns and the length of the diagonal of the square outer frame is close to a quarter wavelength of the lowest frequency of the radiation unit.

3. The radiation unit with ultra-wideband according to claim 1, characterized in that: A notch is provided at the top of the hollow support column near the center of the vibrator base, and a first positioning member and a second positioning member are spaced apart at the notch. A snap-fit ​​position is formed between the first positioning member and the second positioning member, and one end of the fixed section connecting the vertical section on the first feeding plate and the second feeding plate is fixed in the snap-fit ​​position.

4. A radiation unit with ultra-wideband according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The fixing section of the second feeding plate is provided with a downward recessed portion, and the fixing section of the first feeding plate is provided with an upward raised portion, the recessed portion is arranged opposite to the raised portion, the recessed portion is in the shape of an inverted isosceles trapezoid, and the raised portion is in the shape of a right isosceles trapezoid.

5. The radiation unit with ultra-wideband according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed sections of the first feeding plate and the second feeding plate are also provided with a connecting portion, a first horizontal portion and a second horizontal portion. The connecting portion is inclined downward from the first horizontal portion, the vertical section of the second feeding plate or the first feeding plate is connected to the connecting portion, and the first horizontal portion, the recessed portion or the raised portion, and the second horizontal portion are connected in sequence.

6. The radiation unit with ultra-wideband according to claim 5, characterized in that: The included angle between the connecting portion and the first horizontal portion is an obtuse angle, and the included angle between the connecting portion and the second feeding plate or the vertical section of the first feeding plate is an obtuse angle.

7. A radiation unit with ultra-wideband according to any one of claims 1-3, 4-5, characterized in that: The oblique ribs are respectively connected to two adjacent sides of the square outer frame, the middle of the oblique ribs is connected to a support portion, and the support column mounting holes are arranged on the support portion.

8. A radiation unit with ultra-wideband according to any one of claims 1-3, 4-5, characterized in that: The oblique ribs are arranged on the diagonal lines of the square outer frame, a supporting portion is arranged on the oblique ribs, and the supporting column mounting holes are opened on the supporting portion.

9. The radiation unit with ultra-wideband according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the director is close to a quarter wavelength of the center frequency.

10. An antenna, characterized in that: Use a radiation unit with an ultra-wide frequency band as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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