Fig cuttage method

Abstract

The invention discloses a fig cutting method, and mainly relates to the technical field of cutting propagation and cultivation. The invention discloses a fig cuttage method, which effectively solves the problems of seasonal limitation, high pest control difficulty, uneven seedling quality, complex operation, low survival rate and the like in fig cuttage by optimizing key links of cuttage time selection, branch selection, cutting treatment, matrix preparation, cuttage method and post-cuttage maintenance. The branch rooting length and the survival rate are improved. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the environment can be controlled, the picking period can be prolonged, the yield and quality can be improved, and diseases and insect pests can be reduced, and the method is of great significance to fig planting industry development and economic benefit improvement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cutting propagation cultivation, and particularly relates to a fig cutting method. Background Art

[0002] The traditional seedling raising techniques for figs mainly include methods such as cutting, layering, and dividing plants. The cutting method is to select healthy, pest-free 1-2 year-old branches, cut them into appropriate lengths, and after oblique cutting, insert them into the soil, keeping the substrate moist and at an appropriate temperature, and roots can be formed in about a month. The layering method is to wound or girdle the bark on the branches close to the ground, wrap the wound with moist peat soil and then bandage it, and roots will form after about 2-3 months, and then it is separated from the mother plant for planting. The dividing plant method is to separate the suckers around the mother plant for planting.

[0003] The traditional seedling raising methods have limitations, and there may be significant differences in the quality of seedlings, which not only affects the yield and quality of figs, but also causes economic losses to fruit farmers. First, it is greatly affected by seasons, and the seedling supply period is concentrated and single. For example, in Weihai area, cuttings are usually taken in spring and the seedlings are outplanted in autumn, and the traditional methods cannot solve the problem of urgently needed seedlings in production in the short term. Second, the survival rate is easily affected by various factors such as branch selection, treatment, and management. For example, the tender branches of figs in the current year have slow rooting and low survival rate, and the survival rate of semi-lignified branch cuttings is also not ideal. In addition, the operation complexity is relatively high, and some methods such as grafting require professional knowledge and skills. Also due to the limitations of the seedling raising methods, there are significant differences in the quality of seedlings, affecting the yield and quality, and causing economic losses to fruit farmers. Finally, there are certain challenges in pest and disease control for the traditional seedling raising methods. For example, during the seedling stage, it is necessary to prevent and control pests and diseases in a timely manner according to the occurrence of pests and diseases, but due to the lack of effective prevention and control measures, pests and diseases may have a serious impact on the growth of seedlings.

[0004] CN107455200A discloses a fig one-step orchard establishment and high-yield cultivation method based on hardwood cutting technology. First, in the branch treatment step, the cut cuttings are sterilized with a carbendazim solution of 800 times for 2 hours, and then the cuttings are treated with an indolebutyric acid solution with a concentration of 500 mg / L for 2 hours; then land preparation and cutting, shaping and pruning, fertilization management, water management, and pest and disease control are carried out. This invention solves the technical problem that the existing hardwood cuttings need to be transplanted, and has the advantages of fast orchard establishment, low cost, early production, and good benefits.

[0005] CN109964665A discloses a method for improving the survival rate of fig cuttage seedling raising, which is briefly described as follows: Collect fig branch cuttings in winter, trim the upper and lower ends, and after disinfection treatment and rooting agent soaking treatment in sequence. The disinfection treatment is: soak the lower end of the cutting in 600 - 800 mg / L chlorothalonil disinfectant solution for 15 minutes. The rooting agent soaking treatment is: soak the lower end of the cutting in 200 - 300 mg / L ABT2 for 20 - 30 minutes; then drain and store in sand. When the ground temperature reaches 15 °C in spring, take out and cuttage, and finally water and conduct daily management. The fig cuttage seedling raising method of this invention is simple and easy to operate. After 30 - 40 days of cuttage, the cuttings take root to obtain fig cuttage seedlings, and the rooting rate is as high as 95%.

[0006] The solutions reported in the above patent documents cannot simultaneously solve the problems of the rooting length, rooting rate and survival rate of cuttage seedling raising, as well as the simplification of the operation steps. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for cuttage seedling raising with 1 - 2 - year - old figs, which can avoid problems such as seasonal restrictions, great difficulty in pest and disease control, uneven seedling quality, complex operation, low survival rate, etc., and at the same time improve the rooting length and survival rate of fig branches.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fig cuttage method.

[0009] The fig cuttage method includes the following steps:

[0010] (1) Selection of cuttage time: Select spring or autumn for cuttage;

[0011] (2) Selection of branches: Select 1 - 2 - year - old fig branches;

[0012] (3) Treatment of cuttings: When pruning, trim the upper end into a flat mouth and the lower end into an inclined mouth;

[0013] (4) Preparation of substrate: Fill the substrate into a container to keep the substrate slightly moist;

[0014] (5) Cuttage method: Conduct cuttage outdoors or indoors. When conducting cuttage outdoors, insert the obliquely cut lower end into the soil. When conducting cuttage indoors, transplant with soil to a large pot outdoors or open - field soil after rooting;

[0015] (6) Post - cuttage maintenance: Transfer the cut fig branches to a warm environment for growth, and pay attention not to apply any fertilizer during the cuttage process.

[0016] Specifically, the fig cuttage method includes the following steps:

[0017] (1) Selection of cutting time: Select to conduct cuttings in spring from March to April or in autumn from September to October. When the climate is suitable, the internal activity of the branches is high, which is more conducive to taking root and survival.

[0018] (2) Selection of branches: Select 1- or 2-year-old fig branches. It is required that the cut fig branches grow thick and have no pests or diseases.

[0019] (3) Treatment of cuttings: When pruning, trim the upper end into a flat mouth and the lower end into an inclined mouth. After pruning, insert it vertically into the aqueous solution of the growth regulator at a depth of 3-5 cm and soak for 1-2 days. After taking it out, dry it in a room temperature and dark environment. If it is not used immediately, put it into moist fine sand for sand storage.

[0020] (4) Preparation of substrate: Fill the substrate into a container to keep the substrate slightly moist. After inserting the fig branches, spray clear water on the leaves every day and place it in a place with ventilation and scattered light. Roots can be taken in 25-35 days.

[0021] (5) Cutting method: Conduct cuttings outdoors or indoors. When cutting outdoors, insert the inclined lower end into the soil. When cutting indoors, use the planting soil for cutting. After taking root, remove the container and transplant it with soil into a large pot outdoors or into the open ground soil.

[0022] (6) Post-cutting maintenance: Transfer the cut fig branches to a warm environment for growth, with the temperature at 15-35 °C, and give sufficient scattered light, but avoid direct strong light. If it is found that the surface of the pot soil is dry, water it. During the cutting process, pay attention not to apply any fertilizer.

[0023] The fig branches in step (2) are 8-12 cm long, 1-2 cm thick, and contain 2-3 plump bud eyes.

[0024] In step (3), the distance between the cut mouths at the upper and lower ends from the highest bud point is 0.5-2 cm.

[0025] The concentration of the aqueous solution of the growth regulator in step (3) is 400-600 mg / L.

[0026] The preparation method of the aqueous solution of the growth regulator in step (3) is as follows: Add naphthalene acetic acid and composite nano microcapsules to water to prepare it.

[0027] The preparation method of the composite nano microcapsules is as follows, by weight:

[0028] Add 0.4 - 0.8 parts of sodium alginate to 20 - 30 parts of citric acid aqueous solution and stir for 0.5 - 1 hour. Add 0.2 - 0.4 parts of sorbitan monopalmitate and 0.2 - 0.6 parts of thyme essential oil, and continue to stir for 0.5 - 1 hour. Dropwise add an aqueous alkali solution to adjust the pH to 5 - 6 to obtain a mixed solution. Dropwise add 1 - 2 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution to the mixed solution and stir for 1 - 2 hours. Finally, obtain the composite nano - microcapsules by freeze - drying.

[0029] The citric acid aqueous solution is a 2 - 6wt% citric acid aqueous solution.

[0030] The aqueous alkali solution is a sodium carbonate aqueous solution; preferably a 10 - 15wt% sodium carbonate aqueous solution.

[0031] The sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution is a 10 - 15wt% sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution.

[0032] In the step (4), the substrate is one of river sand, perlite, nutrient soil, and planting soil.

[0033] In the step (4), the pH of the substrate is 6.0 - 7.0.

[0034] In the step (4), the container is a transparent plastic cup.

[0035] The fig cutting method of the present invention carefully optimizes each key link of fig cutting. In terms of cutting time, it is preferably carried out in March - April and September - October, making full use of the high activity of branches when the climate is suitable, and reducing the influence of seasonal restrictions. The branches selected are 1 - 2 - year - old, thick - growing, and free of pests and diseases, ensuring the quality of the initial materials. When processing the cuttings, specific pruning methods, appropriate soaking depth, time, and the use of growth regulator aqueous solutions can not only promote rooting but also improve stress resistance. At the same time, the precise control of the proportions and conditions of each component in the preparation process of the composite nano - microcapsules further enhances its efficacy. The selected substrate for preparation is one of river sand, perlite, nutrient soil, and planting soil, keeping slightly moist with a pH of 6.0 - 7.0, providing a good environment for branch rooting. The cutting method is flexible, both outdoors and indoors are available, and the transplanting method after rooting is also reasonably arranged. The post - cutting maintenance is carried out under appropriate temperature, light, and moisture conditions, without applying fertilizers to avoid fertilizer damage. Combining these measures, problems such as difficult pest and disease control, uneven seedling quality, and complex operations are avoided, effectively improving the rooting length and survival rate of fig branches.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0037] 1. Environment - controllable: The fig cutting method of the present invention can create a special controllable microclimate artificially. For example, during the low - temperature winter, cuttings can be carried out indoors, and through measures such as heating, the normal growth and fruiting needs of figs can be met to achieve the purpose of producing high - quality fresh fruits.

[0038] 2. Extended harvesting period: The fig cutting method of the present invention can advance and delay the harvesting period, which is suitable for the development of leisure and sightseeing picking, and is of great significance for improving the local economic benefits. For example, the fruits of figs can mature successively from October of the current year to June of the next year, while traditional cultivation may only be harvested in a specific season.

[0039] 3. Increase in yield and quality: The fig cutting method of the present invention can improve the yield and quality of figs through scientific management and maintenance, such as reasonable fertilization, watering, pruning, etc. For example, by controlling the environmental temperature and humidity of indoor cutting or greenhouse planting, the growth of figs and the development of fruits can be promoted.

[0040] 4. Reduction of pests and diseases: The fig cutting method of the present invention can reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases through measures such as physical isolation. For example, installing insect-proof nets at both ends of the greenhouse during cutting and post-insertion maintenance can prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases in the fig greenhouse. Specific implementation method

[0041] The parameters of the specific chemical substances used in the examples are as follows:

[0042] Sodium alginate: Viscosity 100 - 200 mPa·s, manufacturer is Qingdao Poly Ocean Algae Industry Group Co., Ltd., model is GOS-LWF.

[0043] Thyme essential oil: Manufacturer is Wuhan Pushi Da Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product number is 20211201.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] A fig cutting method includes the following steps:

[0046] (1) Selection of cutting time: Select to cut in spring in March. When the climate is suitable, the internal activity of the branches is high, which is more conducive to rooting and survival;

[0047] (2) Selection of branches: Select 120 two-year-old fig branches, divide them into three groups on average and carry out simultaneously, with 40 branches in one group; it is required that the cut fig branches are thick and strong, without pests and diseases, the branch length is 10 cm, the branch diameter is 1.5 cm, and it contains 2 plump bud eyes;

[0048] (3) Treatment of cuttings: When pruning, trim the upper end into a flat mouth and the lower end into a 45° inclined mouth. The cutting mouths at the upper and lower ends are 1.5 cm away from the highest bud point. After pruning, insert them vertically into water at a depth of 4 cm and soak for 10 minutes. After taking them out, dry them in a room temperature and dark environment;

[0049] (4) Preparation of the substrate: Fill the planting soil into transparent plastic cup containers, keep the substrate slightly moist, with a pH of 6.5 for the substrate. After cutting the fig branches, spray clear water on the leaves every day, place them in a ventilated area with scattered light, and roots can grow in 30 days.

[0050] (5) Cutting method: Conduct cuttings indoors. After rooting, remove the container and transplant the plants with soil into large pots outdoors or into the open ground.

[0051] (6) Post - cutting maintenance: Transfer the cut fig branches to a warm environment for growth, with a temperature of 25°C. Provide sufficient scattered light, but avoid direct strong light. Water when the surface of the potting soil is found to be dry. Do not apply any fertilizers during the cutting process.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] A fig cutting method, comprising the following steps:

[0054] (1) Selection of cutting time: Select to conduct cuttings in spring in March. When the climate is suitable, the internal activity of the branches is high, which is more conducive to rooting and survival.

[0055] (2) Selection of branches: Select 120 two - year - old fig branches, divide them into three groups evenly for simultaneous operation, with 40 branches in each group. The cut fig branches are required to be thick and strong, without diseases and pests, with a branch length of 10 cm, a branch thickness of 1.5 cm, and containing 2 plump bud eyes.

[0056] (3) Treatment of cuttings: When pruning, trim the upper end into a flat mouth and the lower end into a 45° inclined mouth. The cutting mouths at the upper and lower ends are 1.5 cm away from the highest bud point. After pruning, insert them vertically into a 500 mg / L growth regulator aqueous solution at a depth of 4 cm and soak for 10 minutes. Take them out and dry them in a room - temperature and light - proof environment.

[0057] (4) Preparation of the substrate: Fill the planting soil into transparent plastic cup containers, keep the substrate slightly moist, with a pH of 6.5 for the substrate. After cutting the fig branches, spray clear water on the leaves every day, place them in a ventilated area with scattered light, and roots can grow in 30 days.

[0058] (5) Cutting method: Conduct cuttings indoors. After rooting, remove the container and transplant the plants with soil into large pots outdoors or into the open ground.

[0059] (6) Post - cutting maintenance: Transfer the cut fig branches to a warm environment for growth, with a temperature of 25°C. Provide sufficient scattered light, but avoid direct strong light. Water when the surface of the potting soil is found to be dry. Do not apply any fertilizers during the cutting process.

[0060] The preparation method of the plant growth regulator aqueous solution in step (3) is as follows: 400 mg of naphthaleneacetic acid and 100 mg of composite nano-microcapsules are added to 1 L of water to prepare it.

[0061] The preparation method of the composite nano-microcapsules is as follows:

[0062] 60 mg of sodium alginate is added to 2500 mg of 4 wt% citric acid aqueous solution and stirred for 0.5 h, 35 mg of sorbitan monopalmitate and 40 mg of thyme essential oil are added and stirred continuously for 0.5 h, 12 wt% sodium carbonate aqueous solution is added dropwise to adjust the pH to 5.5 to obtain a mixed solution, 150 mg of 12 wt% sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution is added dropwise to the mixed solution and stirred for 1 h, and finally the composite nano-microcapsules are obtained by freeze-drying.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] A fig cutting method, which is only different from that of Example 2 in the composite nano-microcapsules in the preparation method of the plant growth regulator aqueous solution in step (3). The preparation method of the composite nano-microcapsules is as follows:

[0065] 60 mg of chitosan is added to 2500 mg of 4 wt% citric acid aqueous solution and stirred for 0.5 h, 35 mg of sorbitan monopalmitate and 40 mg of thyme essential oil are added and stirred continuously for 0.5 h, 12 wt% sodium carbonate aqueous solution is added dropwise to adjust the pH to 5.5 to obtain a mixed solution, 150 mg of 12 wt% sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution is added dropwise to the mixed solution and stirred for 1 h, and finally the composite nano-microcapsules are obtained by freeze-drying.

[0066] Example 4

[0067] A fig cutting method, which is only different from that of Example 2 in the composite nano-microcapsules in the preparation method of the plant growth regulator aqueous solution in step (3). The preparation method of the composite nano-microcapsules is as follows:

[0068] 60 mg of sodium alginate is added to 2500 mg of 4 wt% citric acid aqueous solution and stirred for 0.5 h, 35 mg of sorbitan monopalmitate and 40 mg of thyme essential oil are added and stirred continuously for 0.5 h, 12 wt% sodium carbonate aqueous solution is added dropwise to adjust the pH to 5.5 to obtain a mixed solution, 150 mg of 12 wt% calcium chloride aqueous solution is added dropwise to the mixed solution and stirred for 1 h, and finally the composite nano-microcapsules are obtained by freeze-drying.

[0069] Example 5

[0070] A fig cutting method, which is only different from that of Example 2 in the composite nano - microcapsule in the preparation method of the growth regulator aqueous solution in step (3). The preparation method of the composite nano - microcapsule is as follows:

[0071] Add 60 mg of chitosan to 2500 mg of 4 wt% citric acid aqueous solution and stir for 0.5 hour. Then add 35 mg of sorbitan monopalmitate and 40 mg of thyme essential oil and continue to stir for 0.5 hour. Dropwise add 12 wt% sodium carbonate aqueous solution to adjust the pH to 5.5 to obtain a mixed solution. Drop 150 mg of 12 wt% carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution into the mixed solution and stir for 1 hour. Finally, obtain the composite nano - microcapsule by freeze - drying.

[0072] Comparative Example 1

[0073] A fig cutting method, which is only different from that of Example 2 in that the preparation method of the growth regulator aqueous solution in step (3) is as follows: Add 500 mg of naphthaleneacetic acid to 1 L of water to prepare it.

[0074] Test Example 1

[0075] On the 30th day in step (4) of the fig cutting methods of Examples 1 - 5 and Comparative Example 1, use a tape measure to measure the rooting length of this example and the comparative example, and take the average value and summarize it as shown in Table 1.

[0076] Table 1 Test data of rooting length

[0077] Example Rooting length / cm Example 1 8.05±0.3 Example 2 12.04±0.2 Example 3 11.22±0.2 Example 4 11.35±0.1 Example 5 10.50±0.2 Comparative Example 1 10.05±0.3

[0078] Note: Compared with Examples 1 - 5 and Comparative Example 1, the difference is statistically significant (P < 0.05); compared with Example 1, Examples 3 - 5 and Comparative Example 1, the difference in Example 2 is statistically significant (P < 0.05).

[0079] The main reason for the data differences in the rooting lengths of the examples in Test Example 1 lies in the different treatments of the cuttings by soaking. In Example 1, no aqueous solution of growth regulator was used, and only water was used for soaking, resulting in a relatively short rooting length. Compared with Example 1, in Comparative Example 1, naphthalene acetic acid was added as a growth regulator, and the rooting length was effectively improved. In Example 2, an aqueous solution of growth regulator containing naphthalene acetic acid and composite nano - microcapsules was used, and the rooting length reached up to 12.04 ± 0.2 cm at most, with the best effect. This may be because naphthalene acetic acid can promote rooting, and components such as sodium alginate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and thymol essential oil in the composite nano - microcapsules play a synergistic role, helping to better exert the efficacy of naphthalene acetic acid and providing some nutritional or protective effects. Among them, sodium alginate and sodium tripolyphosphate in the composite nano - microcapsules carry negative and positive charges respectively and form microcapsules by electrostatic interaction to encapsulate and protect the core material of thymol essential oil. When used in combination with naphthalene acetic acid as a growth regulator, the concentration difference between the internal and external environments of the microcapsules dissolves and diffuses as the external liquid penetrates, enabling each component of the growth regulator to fully penetrate into the cut and internal tissues of the branches. Sodium alginate, as a natural polysaccharide, has good film - forming and gas - permeability as a wall material. When it penetrates into the cut and internal tissues of the branches, the possible formed thin film helps to regulate stomatal conductance, reduce the surface tension of water, increase the permeability of water - soluble substances, enabling the branches to more efficiently absorb the nutrients in the aqueous solution of the growth regulator and providing sufficient nutrients for rooting. The composite nano - microcapsules provide a stable carrier for thymol essential oil. Thymol essential oil is rich in active ingredients such as thymol, menthol, and p - cymene, reducing the oxidative damage suffered by the branches during the rooting process. Under the protection and slow - release effect of the microcapsules, it continuously acts on the cut and internal tissues of the fig branches, helping the branches maintain water balance during rooting, promoting the growth of plant roots, enhancing the absorption ability of the branches to nutrients, and further assisting in rooting. In Examples 3 - 5, sodium alginate and sodium tripolyphosphate in the composite nano - microcapsules of Example 2 were replaced with chitosan, calcium chloride, chitosan, and carboxymethyl cellulose respectively. By comparing the nano - microcapsules with different wall materials in combination with naphthalene acetic acid as a growth regulator, although it can also promote rooting, the effect is relatively weak.

[0080] Test Example 2

[0081] After the post - insertion maintenance in step (6) of the fig cutting methods of Examples 1 - 5 and Comparative Example 1, fertilizer and water management and seedling out - planting were carried out together, specifically as follows:

[0082] Fertilizer and water management: The seedlings were top - dressed 3 times during the growth period, mainly with foliar fertilizers; the first fertilization was to spray a solution of 0.3% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate when 70% of the new shoots grew to 15 cm, and the later spraying was carried out according to the seedling condition; after the cuttings sprouted and developed leaves, water was applied in a timely manner according to the soil moisture content.

[0083] Seedling outplanting: For seedlings reaching above grade three, they should be dug out after defoliation and before sprouting, and a relatively large number of fibrous roots should be retained during digging; the time of digging out seedlings should be closely connected with the planting date, and the time from seedling emergence to planting should not exceed 5 days; irrigate the seedbed once 5 to 10 days before seedling emergence, and cut off the overly long or damaged seedling roots; trim the seedling stems short, but not less than 60 cm; grade the seedlings, tie them into bundles, and stack them in a standardized manner while emerging. In Test Example 2, the survival rate will be calculated after the seedlings are outplanted and summarized as shown in Table 2. Survival rate (%) = (number of survived cuttings / total number of cuttings) × 100%.

[0084] Table 2 Test data of survival rate

[0085] Survival rate / % Example 1 74.1±0.5 Example 2 96.8±0.3 Example 3 93.5±0.4 Example 4 92.0±0.4 Example 5 91.4±0.3 Comparative Example 1 86.1±0.5

[0086] Note: Compared with Examples 1-5 and Comparative Example 1, the differences are statistically significant (P < 0.05); compared with Example 1, Examples 3-5 and Comparative Example 1, the difference in Example 2 is statistically significant (P < 0.05).

[0087] In Test Example 2, there are data differences in the fig cutting survival rates of Examples 1-5. The reason is that different aqueous solutions of growth regulators affect the rooting rate, thus affecting the growth rate or survival cycle. In Example 1, no growth regulator was used, in Comparative Example 1, naphthaleneacetic acid growth regulator was used, and in Example 2, an aqueous solution of a growth regulator containing naphthaleneacetic acid and composite nano-microcapsules was used for soaking the cuttings. Naphthaleneacetic acid itself can promote rooting, and sodium alginate in the composite nano-microcapsules can regulate stomatal conductance, increase the permeability of water-soluble substances to help plants absorb nutrients, and can also improve plant stress resistance. Thymol essential oil contains various active ingredients that can regulate plant physiological reactions, promote root growth, and enhance nutrient absorption ability. The synergistic effect of the two helps the fig branches root and grow better, thus greatly improving the survival rate. In contrast, in Example 1, only water was used for soaking without using an aqueous solution of a growth regulator, lacking effective assistance in promoting rooting and growth, so the survival rate is low. And the optimization of the growth regulator in Examples 3-5 is lower compared with Example 2. Therefore, compared with Examples 1, 3-5, the survival rate of Example 2 is higher, and the data are all statistically significant.

[0088] The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those of ordinary skill in the art can make many modifications and variations according to the concept of the present invention without creative labor. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art in the technical field based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art should be within the protection scope determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A fig cutting method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Choice of cutting time: choose spring or autumn for cutting; (2) Branch selection: Select 1-2 year old fig branches; (3) Treatment of cuttings: When pruning, trim the upper end into a flat edge and the lower end into an oblique edge; (4) Preparing the matrix: putting the matrix into a container and keeping the matrix slightly moist; (5) Cutting method: outdoor cutting or indoor cutting. For outdoor cutting, insert the lower end of the oblique cut into the soil. For indoor cutting, transplant it to a large outdoor pot or open soil after rooting. (6) Post-cutting care: Transfer the grafted fig branches to a warm environment for growth. Be careful not to apply any fertilizer during the grafting process.

2. The fig cutting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Selection of cutting time: Choose spring (March to April) or autumn (September to October) for cutting. When the climate is suitable, the internal activity of the branches is high, which is more conducive to rooting and survival. (2) Branch selection: Choose 1-2 year old fig branches, which should be strong and free of diseases and insect pests. (3) Treatment of cuttings: When pruning, trim the upper end into a flat edge and the lower end into an oblique edge. After pruning, insert the cuttings vertically into a growth regulator aqueous solution at a depth of 3-5 cm and soak for 1-2 days. After taking them out, dry them at room temperature in a dark environment. If they are not used immediately, store them in moist fine sand. (4) Prepare the substrate: Put the substrate into a container and keep it slightly moist. After the fig branches are cut, spray the leaves with clean water every day and place them in a well-ventilated and scattered light place. They will take root in 25-35 days. (5) Cutting method: outdoor cutting or indoor cutting. When cutting outdoors, insert the lower end of the oblique cut into the soil. When cutting indoors, use planting soil for cutting. After rooting, remove the container and transplant it to a large outdoor pot or open soil with soil. (6) Post-cutting care: Transfer the grafted fig branches to a warm environment for growth. The temperature should be between 15-35℃. Provide sufficient diffuse light, but not direct sunlight. Water the branches if the surface of the soil is dry. Be careful not to apply any fertilizer during the grafting process.

3. The fig cutting method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The fig branches in step (2) are 8-12 cm long, 1-2 cm thick, and contain 2-3 full buds.

4. The fig cutting method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the step (3), the distance between the cut ends at the upper and lower ends and the highest bud point is 0.5-2 cm.

5. The fig cutting method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The concentration of the growth regulator aqueous solution in step (3) is 400-600 mg / L.

6. The fig cutting method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The preparation method of the growth regulator aqueous solution in step (3) is as follows: naphthylacetic acid and composite nano-microcapsules are added into water to prepare the aqueous solution.

7. The fig cutting method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preparation method of the composite nano-microcapsule is as follows, in parts by weight: 0.4-0.8 parts of sodium alginate are added to 20-30 parts of citric acid aqueous solution and stirred for 0.5-1 hour, 0.2-0.4 parts of sorbitan monopalmitate and 0.2-0.6 parts of thyme essential oil are added and stirred for 0.5-1 hour, an alkaline aqueous solution is added dropwise to adjust the pH to 5-6 to obtain a mixed solution, 1-2 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution are added dropwise to the mixed solution and stirred for 1-2 hours, and finally composite nano-microcapsules are obtained by freeze-drying.

8. The fig cutting method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The alkaline aqueous solution is a sodium carbonate aqueous solution.

9. The fig cutting method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step (4), the substrate is one of river sand, perlite, nutrient soil and planting soil.

10. The fig cutting method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pH of the substrate in step (4) is 6.0-7.0.