Multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming method and device for cake-shaped part

Abstract

The invention discloses a multidirectional loading rotary extrusion forming method and device for a cake-shaped part, the forming device comprises a wedge block, a sectioning die, a base and a female die from top to bottom, and a conical roller is arranged at the bottom of the base and used for rolling a blank. The roller local forming is used for replacing traditional integral forming, the controllability of material flowing is higher, the material deformation is more uniform, the mechanical property consistency is better, and meanwhile, the defects such as folding are avoided to a large extent; the radial spreading deformation of the material is realized by combining the opening action of the split die, so that the diameter of the cake-shaped part is enlarged, and the forming of various step / step-free cake-shaped parts can be realized by controlling the opening and descending distance of the split die and the size of the roller. The limitation that small forming equipment can only form small-size parts is broken through, and compared with traditional integral forming, the forming force is smaller, and the forming quality is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plastic processing of light alloy materials, and particularly relates to a multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming method and device for disc-shaped parts. Background Art

[0002] As an important type of structural parts, disc-shaped parts are widely used in many fields such as aerospace, automobile manufacturing, and machinery manufacturing. Several common disc-shaped parts are as Figure 1 shown. The traditional manufacturing processes for disc-shaped parts mainly include casting and forging.

[0003] 1. Casting Process Although the casting process can achieve one-time forming of complex features of disc-shaped parts and has a high material utilization rate (up to more than 80%) and forming efficiency, its inherent metallurgical defects, such as segregation, shrinkage cavities, and porosity, as well as the insufficient mechanical properties caused by grain coarsening, severely limit its application in high-performance scenarios. Therefore, for disc-shaped parts that need to serve in complex environments, plastic forming processes still need to be relied on to ensure the reliability of mechanical properties.

[0004] 2. Forging Process The forging methods are further divided into open die forging and extrusion forming: Open die forging is a more commonly used forming method for disc-shaped parts. This process has no die constraint, low input cost, large freedom in operation, and can optimize the internal structure of materials through continuous deformation to improve mechanical properties. However, this process is limited by the complex shape of the component and cannot directly form parts with features such as holes / bosses. The forming accuracy is poor, the material utilization rate is extremely low, and due to the inability to guarantee the deformation uniformity, the mechanical properties of the parts are significantly anisotropic. In addition, the product quality depends on manual experience, and the quality fluctuation between batches is large, making it difficult to ensure the consistency and stability of the products.

[0005] The extrusion forming process has unique advantages in manufacturing disc-shaped parts. Under the constraint of the die, controllable flow of materials can be achieved, with high forming accuracy, excellent material utilization rate, and the grains can be fully refined, and the performance strengthening advantage is significant. However, the existing extrusion forming process has a high dependence on dies and equipment. Forming more complex components requires multiple deformation passes, with a long production cycle. Due to the limitation of the rated load of the forming equipment, the size requirements for the components to be formed are relatively strict. Different disc-shaped parts with different shapes and sizes require different dies, and the interchangeability of the dies is poor and the input cost accounts for a relatively high proportion. In addition, there are differences in the strain between the center and the edge of the material during the process of extruding disc-shaped parts, resulting in performance anisotropy and the inability to guarantee the consistency of product quality. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming method and device for disc-shaped parts, aiming to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and improve the forming accuracy, material utilization rate and mechanical property consistency of disc-shaped parts.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the solution of the present invention is: A multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming method for disc-shaped parts. The forming device used in this forming method includes a wedge block, a split die, a base and a female die from top to bottom; the wedge block is fixed on the wedge block driving mechanism and is driven by the wedge block driving mechanism to move up and down; one split die and one base form a group, and two groups of split dies and bases are symmetrically distributed; the split die is driven by the upper die driving mechanism to move up and down and open and close left and right; a conical cavity is formed inside the two split dies, and the shape of the wedge block is adapted to the conical cavity. When the wedge block moves downward, it forces the split die to open; the base is detachably fixed at the bottom of the split die, and a conical roller protrudes from the bottom of the base, and the axis of the conical roller extends horizontally, which is used to roll the blank; the female die is used to place the blank, which is fixed on the rotating mechanism and is driven by the rotating mechanism to rotate. This forming method includes the following steps: First, fix the blank in the female die, and then start the equipment to perform multiple rotary extrusions on the blank. The first deformation: The upper die driving mechanism drives the split die to move downward, so that the conical roller is squeezed into the blank. At the same time, the rotating mechanism drives the female die and the blank to rotate; then, the wedge block driving mechanism drives the wedge block to move downward, forcing the two split dies to open radially, and the conical roller moves radially from the starting position to the edge of the blank until the conical roller moves to the edge of the blank, that is, the first multi-directional loading rotary extrusion movement is completed, the thickness of the blank is reduced, and the diameter is enlarged. The second deformation: After the first deformation is completed, the wedge block driving mechanism drives the wedge block to move upward, and the upper die driving mechanism pushes the two split dies together to make the conical roller return to the first specified position; then, the split die moves downward to make the conical roller squeeze into the blank again, the wedge block moves downward, and the two split dies open until the conical roller moves to the second specified position again, then the second deformation is completed, the thickness of the blank continues to decrease, and the diameter of the blank is enlarged for the second time. Repeat this process until the forming of the blank into a disc-shaped part is completed.

[0008] Further, when prefabricating the blank, a plurality of bosses are processed at the bottom of the blank, and grooves matching the bosses of the blank are processed at the bottom of the cavity of the female die. When the blank is placed in the female die, its bosses fall into the grooves of the female die. In this way, the female die drives the blank to rotate synchronously when rotating.

[0009] Furthermore, the split die and the base are fixedly connected through a wedge-shaped structure, specifically as follows: The bottom of the split die is provided with a wedge-shaped dovetail groove, the width of which gradually increases from inside to outside and gradually decreases from top to bottom. Correspondingly, the top of the base is provided with a wedge-shaped dovetail slide, and the width of the wedge-shaped dovetail slide also gradually increases from inside to outside and gradually decreases from top to bottom. When assembling the mold, the narrower end of the dovetail slide on the base is aligned with the wider end of the dovetail groove on the split die and radially slides in to achieve the assembly.

[0010] Furthermore, the connection structure between the base and the tapered roller is as follows: The bottom of the base is provided with a deep groove for accommodating the tapered roller, and mounting holes are opened on both sides of the deep groove. The tapered roller is rotatably arranged on the base by a mandrel; one end of the mandrel is provided with a hanging platform, and the other end is provided with a clamping groove. When installing the tapered roller, the end of the mandrel with the clamping groove passes through the shaft hole of the tapered roller and the mounting hole of the base, so that the hanging platform is clamped outside the base, and then a clamp is clamped into the clamping groove of the mandrel to fix the mandrel.

[0011] Furthermore, a copper sleeve is installed between the tapered roller and the mandrel to reduce friction and wear between the two and prevent the tapered roller from getting stuck.

[0012] Furthermore, before forming, the base and the tapered roller are heated first and then installed on the split die.

[0013] Furthermore, during the second deformation, the tapered roller returns to the starting position and then moves from the starting position to the edge of the blank, thus forming a stepped-free disc-shaped part.

[0014] Furthermore, during the second deformation, the tapered roller returns to the first designated position outside the starting position and moves from the first designated position to the second designated position, thus forming a disc-shaped part with a step.

[0015] Furthermore, the cavity of the female die is cylindrical to meet the forming requirements of the disc-shaped part; The inner side of the lower part of the split die is a plane, and the outer side is an arc; the inner side edge of the base is a plane, and the outer side is an arc; after the mold is closed, the outer diameter of the base is smaller than the inner diameter of the cavity of the female die.

[0016] The present invention also provides a multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming device for a disc-shaped part, which is used to implement the above-mentioned multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming method for a disc-shaped part. The forming device includes a wedge block, a split die, a base and a female die from top to bottom; the wedge block is fixed on a wedge block driving mechanism and is driven by the wedge block driving mechanism to move up and down; one split die and one base form a group, and two groups of split dies and bases are symmetrically distributed; the split die is driven by an upper die driving mechanism to move up and down and open and close left and right; a conical cavity is formed inside the two split dies, and the shape of the wedge block is adapted to the conical cavity. When the wedge block moves downward, it forces the split die to open; the base is detachably fixed at the bottom of the split die, and a conical roller protrudes from the bottom of the base, and the axis of the conical roller extends horizontally for rolling the blank; the female die is fixed on a rotating mechanism and is driven by the rotating mechanism to rotate.

[0017] After adopting the above scheme, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The multi-directional loading-rotary extrusion forming method proposed by the present invention has the following advantages compared with the traditional process: (1) The present invention belongs to a local continuous plastic deformation process, and the forming load when manufacturing a disc-shaped part is small. Compared with the traditional integral forming process, the forming force can be reduced by more than 90%, so that large-size components can be formed with smaller equipment, breaking through the limitation of traditional equipment on the part size; (2) Compared with the problem that the core and the edge of a disc-shaped part manufactured by the traditional process have inconsistent strains, resulting in large performance differences, the present invention uses local forming with conical rollers instead of traditional integral forming, so that the deformation amounts of the edge and the core of the part are basically the same, the strain uniformity is significantly improved, and the mechanical properties are less anisotropic; (3) Different types of molds need to be designed for forming different types of disc-shaped parts by the traditional process, the mold interchangeability is poor, the input cost is high, and the production cycle is long. However, the method proposed by the present invention can form different types of disc-shaped parts by using the same conical roller. Only by adjusting the opening and downward movement distances of the split die can the forming process be controlled. The operation is simple and the mold cost input is small; (4) The base and the split die of the present invention are designed in a connection manner that is convenient for disassembly and assembly. When forming materials with high temperature sensitivity, such as magnesium alloys, the base and its conical roller part can be heated separately, and the disassembly and installation are convenient. It is not only suitable for cold forming, but also suitable for hot forming; (5) Compared with the traditional integral forming, the present invention uses local forming with conical rollers, which has stronger controllability of material flow, a smaller risk of folding during the forming process, and higher material utilization rate. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a disc-shaped part; Figure 2It is an exploded view of the multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming device in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming device in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is Figure 3 The partial enlarged view at position A in Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the mandrel and the clamp structure in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 It is the flow law of the material during the multi-directional loading rotary extrusion in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the base structure in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the fixing method of the split die and the base in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blank (reverse side) and the female die (front side) in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 It is the multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming process of the step-less disc-shaped part in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 It is the multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming process of the stepped disc-shaped part in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Label description: 1. Wedge block; 2. Split die; 21. Conical cavity; 22. Dovetail groove; 3. Base; 31. Dovetail slide; 32. Deep groove; 33. Mounting hole; 4. Tapered roller; 41. Shaft hole; 5. Female die; 51. Groove; 6. Mandrel; 61. Hanging platform; 62. Card slot; 63. Clamp; 7. Copper sleeve; 8. Blank; 81. Boss; 9. Ejecting cylinder. Specific embodiments

[0020] The following will describe the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Embodiment 1: The present invention provides a multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming device for disc-shaped parts, as Figures 1 to 11As shown in the figure, from top to bottom, it includes a wedge block 1, two split dies 2, two bases 3 and a female die 5. The wedge block 1 is fixedly installed on the wedge block driving mechanism, and the ejector cylinder 9 can drive the wedge block 1 to move up and down. The two split dies 2 are symmetrically arranged, and the two bases 3 are also symmetrically arranged. The bottom of the base 3 is provided with a conical roller 4. One split die 2 and one base 3 form a group. The split die 2 is driven by the upper die driving mechanism to move up and down and open and close left and right. The female die 5 is fixed on the rotating mechanism and is driven by the rotating mechanism to perform a rotating motion.

[0022] The equipment for driving the multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming device of the disc-shaped parts of the present invention is a rotary extrusion equipment. The rotary extrusion equipment adopts a multi-directional loading rotary extrusion press independently developed and designed by North University of China. Patent name and application number: Multi-motion form compression-torsion combined loading extrusion equipment / CN202011054361.6, Movable rotary driving device and multi-motion form compression-torsion combined loading extrusion equipment / CN202011059101.8. Interfaces are designed at the top of the split die 2 and the bottom of the female die 5, and they can be directly fixed on the slider of the rotary extrusion press and the rotary workbench using keys and bolts. This is a common design for the die, so it will not be elaborated in the present invention.

[0023] As Figure 3 shown, the wedge block 1 is installed on the ejector cylinder 9 of the rotary extrusion press, and the ejector cylinder 9 can drive the wedge block 1 to move up and down. The split die 2 is connected to the slider guide rail of the rotary extrusion press. Hydraulic cylinders are installed at both ends of the slider, which can realize the free opening and closing of the split die 2. And a conical cavity 21 is machined inside the split die 2. The shape of the wedge block 1 is adapted to the conical cavity 21. When the wedge block 1 moves downward, it forces the split die 2 to open, so as to generate a greater radial load.

[0024] As Figure 2 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the base 3 is fixed to the bottom of the split die 2 through a wedge-shaped structure. Specifically as follows: The bottom of the split die 2 is provided with a wedge-shaped dovetail groove 22. The width of the dovetail groove 22 gradually increases from inside to outside and gradually decreases from top to bottom. Correspondingly, the top of the base 3 is provided with a wedge-shaped dovetail slide 31. The width of the wedge-shaped dovetail slide 31 also gradually increases from inside to outside and gradually decreases from top to bottom. When assembling the die, the narrower end of the dovetail slide 31 on the base 3 is aligned with the wider end of the dovetail groove 22 on the split die 2 and slides in radially to achieve assembly. The assembled base 3 will not vertically separate from the split die 2. In addition, as Figure 8As shown in the figure, during the movement of the split die 2, the material deformation provides resistance to the opening movement of the base 3. However, due to the fixing method of the wedge dovetail structure, the split die 2 and the base 3 will not slip off, thus ensuring the reliability of this connection method. This wedge dovetail structure facilitates the installation and disassembly of the base 3, making it possible to have a heating die, which is suitable for hot forming. During forming, the base 3 and its conical roller 4 can be heated separately and then installed. Using the heated conical roller 4 for rotary extrusion can reduce heat loss and improve forming stability.

[0025] The conical roller 4 is a key structure for the blank deformation. As Figures 2 to 4 shown, the conical roller 4 protrudes from the bottom of the base 3, and its axis extends horizontally, and is used to roll the blank. The connection structure between the base 3 and the conical roller 4 is as follows: As Figure 4 shown, a deep groove 32 is provided at the bottom of the base 3 for accommodating the conical roller 4. Installation holes 33 are opened on both sides of the deep groove 32. A mandrel 6 is used to rotatably arrange the conical roller 4 on the base 3. One end of the mandrel 6 is provided with a hanging platform 61, and the other end is provided with a clamping groove 62. When installing the conical roller 4, the end of the mandrel 6 with the clamping groove 62 passes through the shaft hole 41 of the conical roller 4 and the installation hole 33 of the base 3, so that the hanging platform 61 is clamped outside the base 3, and then a clamp 63 is snapped into the clamping groove 62 of the mandrel 6 to fix the mandrel 6 and prevent the mandrel 6 from slipping off during the movement process. In addition, a copper sleeve 7 is installed between the conical roller 4 and the mandrel 6. The copper sleeve 7 can reduce the friction and wear between the two and prevent the conical roller 4 from jamming. During the forming process, after the conical roller 4 presses down, combined with the opening action of the split die 2, "radial spreading deformation" of the material is realized, and the diameter of the disc-shaped part is enlarged; the rotary extruder can control the downward movement and opening distance of the split die 2, or change the thickness and angle of the roller to realize the forming of different heights and different types of steps.

[0026] Figure 6 Shown is the flow law of the material during the multi-directional loading rotary extrusion process. The two conical rollers 4 are first squeezed into the material driven by the slider, the female die 5 drives the blank 8 to rotate, and then the split die 2 is opened. The conical rollers 4 start to move along the radial direction of the blank, and the metal material flows along the radial direction under the action of the conical rollers 4. Repeating the above actions can realize the thinning of the blank 8, that is, the local extrusion forming of the disc-shaped part.

[0027] As Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the cavity of the female die 5 is cylindrical to meet the forming requirements of the disc-shaped part. The inner side of the lower part of the split die 2 is a plane, facilitating the fitting of the two split dies 2, and the outer side is an arc; similarly, the inner side edge of the base 3 is a plane, and the outer side is an arc. After the dies are closed, the outer diameter of the base 3 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cavity of the female die 5. In this way, when the base 3 moves downward and deep into the female die 5, it will not interfere with the rotation of the female die 5.

[0028] As Figure 9 shown, when prefabricating the blank 8, a plurality of bosses 81 need to be machined or extruded at the bottom of the blank 8, and grooves 51 corresponding to the sizes of the bosses 81 of the blank 8 are machined at the bottom of the female die 5. During multi-directional loading rotary extrusion, the bosses 81 of the blank 8 fall into the grooves 51 of the female die 5. In this way, when the female die 5 rotates, it can drive the blank 8 to rotate synchronously. Therefore, the bosses 81 at the bottom of the blank 8 also act as keys to transmit torque.

[0029] The present invention also provides a multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming method for a stepped-free disc-shaped part, including the following steps (refer to Figure 10 ): Preparation before forming: First, fix the blank 8 in the female die 5 so that the bosses 81 of the blank 8 fall into the grooves 51 of the female die 5; the base 3 and its tapered roller 4 part can also be disassembled separately for heating, and then installed on the split die 2, and the heated tapered roller 4 is used for rotary extrusion.

[0030] First deformation: The slider drives the split die 2 to move downward, so that the tapered roller 4 is squeezed into the blank 8. At the same time, the rotary table drives the female die 5 and the blank 8 to rotate; then, the ejector cylinder 9 drives the wedge block 1 to move downward, forcing the two split dies 2 to open radially, and the tapered roller 4 moves radially from the starting position (such as Figure 10 point a in) to the edge of the blank 8 until the tapered roller 4 moves to the edge of the blank 8, that is, the first multi-directional loading rotary extrusion movement is completed. The outer diameter of the tapered roller 4 gradually decreases from the core of the blank 8 to the edge. Using this tapered roller 4 to extrude the material and combining with the opening action of the split die 2, the "radial spreading deformation" of the material is realized, the thickness of the blank 8 is thinned, and the diameter expands according to the principle of equal volume; Second deformation: After the first deformation is completed, the ejection cylinder 9 drives the wedge block 1 to move upward, and the left and right hydraulic cylinders push the two split dies 2 together, causing the conical roller 4 to return to the starting position a; then, the slider drives the split die 2 to move downward, causing the conical roller 4 to be squeezed into the blank 8 again. Next, the ejection cylinder 9 drives the wedge block 1 to move downward, opening the two split dies 2 until the conical roller 4 moves to the edge of the blank 8 again, thus completing the second multi-directional loading rotary extrusion movement. The thickness of the blank 8 continues to decrease, and the diameter of the blank 8 expands for the second time. Repeating this process and performing N deformations can achieve the forming of the blank 8 into a disc-shaped part.

[0031] The rotary extrusion machine can control the downward movement and opening distance of the split die 2, or change the thickness and angle of the roller to achieve the forming of steps with different heights and different types.

[0032] Embodiment 2: This embodiment provides a multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming process for a stepped disc-shaped part (refer to Figure 11 ): It is basically the same as the forming method without steps in Embodiment 1. The difference lies in the second deformation process, which is specifically as follows: After the first deformation is completed, the ejection cylinder 9 drives the wedge block 1 to move upward, and the left and right hydraulic cylinders push the two split dies 2 together, causing the conical roller 4 to return to the first specified position outside the starting position (such as Figure 11 point b shown in

[0033] ); then, the slider drives the split die 2 to move downward, causing the conical roller 4 to be squeezed into the blank 8 again. Next, the ejection cylinder 9 drives the wedge block 1 to move downward, opening the two split dies 2 until the conical roller 4 moves from this first specified position to the edge of the blank 8, thus completing the second multi-directional loading rotary extrusion movement. Repeating this process and performing N deformations can achieve the forming of the blank 8 into a disc-shaped part. The rotary extrusion machine can control the downward movement and opening distance of the split die 2, or change the thickness and angle of the roller to achieve the forming of steps with different heights and different types. Figure 1 As shown in

[0034] To further illustrate the embodiments, the present invention provides accompanying drawings. These drawings are a part of the disclosure of the present invention, mainly used to illustrate the embodiments, and can be combined with the relevant descriptions in the specification to explain the operating principles of the embodiments. With reference to these contents, those of ordinary skill in the art should be able to understand other possible implementation manners and the advantages of the present invention. The components in the drawings are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are usually used to represent similar components. At the same time, the front, rear, left, right and other orientations involved in this embodiment are only for reference of an orientation and do not represent the orientation in actual use. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the design of this case. All equivalent changes made according to the key design of this case fall within the protection scope of this case.

Claims

1. A multi-directional loading and rotary extrusion forming method for disc-shaped parts, characterized in that: The forming device used in this forming method includes a wedge block, split dies, a base, and a female die from top to bottom; the wedge block is fixed on a wedge block driving mechanism and is driven by the wedge block driving mechanism to move up and down; one set consists of a split die and a base, and two sets of split dies and bases are symmetrically distributed; the split die is driven by an upper die driving mechanism to move up and down and open and close left and right; a conical cavity is formed inside the two split dies, and the shape of the wedge block is adapted to the conical cavity. When the wedge block moves downward, it forces the split die to open; the base is detachably fixed to the bottom of the split die, and a conical roller protrudes from the bottom of the base. The axis of the conical roller extends horizontally and is used to roll the blank; the female die is used to place the blank, is fixed on a rotating mechanism, and is driven by the rotating mechanism to perform a rotating motion. This forming method includes the following steps: First, fix the blank in the female die, and then start the equipment to perform multiple rotational extrusion on the blank. The first deformation: The upper die driving mechanism drives the split die to move downward, so that the conical roller is squeezed into the blank. At the same time, the rotating mechanism drives the female die and the blank to rotate; then, the wedge block driving mechanism drives the wedge block to move downward, forcing the two split dies to open radially. The conical roller moves radially from the starting position to the edge of the blank until the conical roller reaches the edge of the blank, that is, the first multi-directional loading rotational extrusion motion is completed. The thickness of the blank is reduced and the diameter is enlarged. The second deformation: After the first deformation is completed, the wedge block driving mechanism drives the wedge block to move upward, and the upper die driving mechanism pushes the two split dies together to make the conical roller return to the first specified position; then, the split die moves downward to make the conical roller squeeze into the blank again, the wedge block moves downward, and the two split dies open until the conical roller reaches the second specified position again, then the second deformation is completed. The thickness of the blank continues to decrease, and the diameter of the blank undergoes a second enlargement. Repeat this process until the forming of the blank into a disc-shaped part is completed.

2. The multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming method for a disc-shaped part according to claim 1, characterized in that: When prefabricating the blank, several bosses are machined at the bottom of the blank, and grooves matching the bosses of the blank are machined at the bottom of the cavity of the female die. When the blank is placed in the female die, its bosses fall into the grooves of the female die. In this way, the female die drives the blank to rotate synchronously when rotating.

3. A multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming method for a disc-shaped part as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The split die and the base are fixedly connected through a wedge-shaped structure, specifically as follows: a wedge-shaped dovetail groove is provided at the bottom of the split die. The width of the dovetail groove gradually increases from inside to outside and gradually decreases from top to bottom. Correspondingly, a wedge-shaped dovetail slide is provided at the top of the base. The width of the wedge-shaped dovetail slide also gradually increases from inside to outside and gradually decreases from top to bottom. When assembling the mold, the narrower end of the dovetail slide on the base is aligned with the wider end of the dovetail groove on the split die and slides radially into it to achieve assembly.

4. A multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming method for a disc-shaped part as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The connection structure between the base and the conical roller is as follows: a deep groove for accommodating the conical roller is provided at the bottom of the base, and mounting holes are opened on both sides of the deep groove. The conical roller is rotatably arranged on the base by using a mandrel; a hanging platform is provided at one end of the mandrel, and a clamping groove is provided at the other end. When installing the conical roller, the end of the mandrel with the clamping groove passes through the shaft hole of the conical roller and the mounting hole of the base, so that the hanging platform is clamped outside the base, and then a clamp is clamped into the clamping groove of the mandrel to fix the mandrel.

5. A multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming method for a disc-shaped part according to claim 4, characterized in that: A copper sleeve is installed between the conical roller and the mandrel to reduce friction and wear between the two and prevent the conical roller from jamming.

6. A multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming method for a disc-shaped part according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before forming, the base and the conical roller are heated and then installed on the split die.

7. A multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming method for a disc-shaped part as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: During the second deformation, the conical roller returns to the starting position and then moves from the starting position to the edge of the blank, forming a stepped-free disc-shaped part.

8. A multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming method for a disc-shaped part according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the second deformation, the conical roller returns to the first designated position outside the starting position and moves from the first designated position to the second designated position, forming a disc-shaped part with a step.

9. A multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming method for a disc-shaped part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity of the female die is cylindrical to meet the forming requirements of the disc-shaped part; the inner side of the lower part of the split die is flat and the outer side is arc-shaped; the inner side edge of the base is flat and the outer side is arc-shaped; after the die is closed, the outer diameter of the base is smaller than the inner diameter of the cavity of the female die.

10. A multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming device for a disc-shaped part, which is used to implement the multi-directional loading rotary extrusion forming method for a disc-shaped part according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and is characterized in that: The forming device includes a wedge block, a split die, a base and a female die from top to bottom; The wedge block is fixed on the wedge block driving mechanism and is driven by the wedge block driving mechanism to move up and down; One split die and one base form a set, and two sets of split dies and bases are symmetrically distributed; the split die is driven by the upper die driving mechanism to move up and down and open and close left and right; a conical cavity is formed inside the two split dies, and the shape of the wedge block is adapted to the conical cavity. When the wedge block moves downward, it forces the split die to open; the base is detachably fixed to the bottom of the split die, and a conical roller is convexly provided at the bottom of the base. The axis of the conical roller extends horizontally and is used for rolling the blank; the female die is fixed on the rotating mechanism and is driven by the rotating mechanism to rotate.

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