Grain warehousing and distributing system based on pneumatic conveying

Abstract

The invention discloses a grain warehousing and distributing system based on pneumatic conveying in the field of conveying equipment, which comprises a grain blowing machine, a lifter and a hoister, the grain blowing machine comprises a grain conveying pipe, an air source device and a grain feeding device, the air source device is communicated with the rear end of the grain conveying pipe, the grain feeding device is positioned above the middle part of the grain conveying pipe and is communicated with the grain conveying pipe, and the lifter is positioned above the grain conveying pipe. The front end of the grain conveying pipe is slidably sleeved with a telescopic pipeline, and the front end of the telescopic pipeline is provided with a grain throwing elbow capable of rotating around the axis of the telescopic pipeline. The elevator is used for lifting grains, the grain blowing machine is used for blowing the grains, the elevator and the grain blowing machine work cooperatively, the advantages of high stability of mechanical conveying and long-distance throwing of pneumatic conveying can be brought into full play, and compared with an integrated grain pump truck, the combined equipment is lower in use cost, and the problem that the grains are collided and broken cannot occur. In addition, the grain blowing machine can control a blanking point through precise linkage of the telescopic pipeline and the grain throwing elbow, the structure is simple, control is convenient, and control over the smoothness of the grain surface is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of transportation equipment, and particularly to a grain bin filling and distributing system based on pneumatic conveying. Background Art

[0002] Currently, in grain storage operations, the mainstream bin filling method uses an operation line formed by connecting multiple devices. The operation line, composed of cleaning, conveying and other devices, is 10 - 20 meters long. At the terminal, an inclined belt conveyor is mostly configured for grain throwing operation. During operation, the terminal device needs to be placed at the innermost end of the bin. As the grain pile rises, it is necessary to manually stop the machine and move the entire operation line to avoid equipment burial. Each movement involves coordination of multiple devices. After the bin filling inside the warehouse is completed, additional filling operations need to be carried out through the warehouse window to reach the required amount of grain in the bin. After the bin filling is completed, the grain surface is uneven, and manual entry into the bin is required to level the grain surface. This method of grain bin filling has a high labor intensity and low operation efficiency.

[0003] To solve the above problems, there are also some devices for bin filling and distributing directly through the warehouse window. For example, the patent document with the publication number CN117842727A discloses a conveying device integrating cleaning and conveying. It mainly uses a hoist to send grains from the ground to the high - altitude bin filling machine, and then uses the bin filling machine to extend into the bin through the warehouse window for bin filling and distributing. The disadvantages of this device in actual use are that, due to the integration of the cleaning mechanism, the device is relatively bulky, the transfer and use processes are not flexible enough, and the conveying efficiency is not high enough to meet the requirements of some large - scale grain bins for bin filling efficiency. In addition, there are also devices using grain pump trucks disclosed in the patent document with the publication number CN221499902U for bin filling. It mainly uses the principle of pneumatic conveying to blow grains and uses a vertically liftable pipeline to extend into the warehouse window for bin filling and distributing. The disadvantages of this device in use are that, since many warehouse windows are more than 10 meters above the ground, to lift the grains and meet the general bin filling efficiency requirement of 100t / h for grain bins, the power of pneumatic conveying usually needs to reach more than 100kw, which is overloaded for the electricity of many grain bins and has a high electricity cost. Moreover, due to the large wind force, the fast moving speed of grains, and the large number of bends in the grain conveying pipeline, the grain breakage rate will increase. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the above deficiencies of existing bin filling devices, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a grain bin filling and distributing system based on pneumatic conveying with high bin filling efficiency, low use cost, and low grain breakage rate.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: A grain bin loading and distributing system based on pneumatic conveying, comprising a lift for driving the grain blower to lift and lower, an elevator for supplying grain to the grain blower, and a controller electrically connected to the grain blower, the lift, and the elevator to control their operations; The grain blower includes a grain conveying pipe, a gas source device, and a grain inlet device. The gas source device is connected to the rear end of the grain conveying pipe. The grain inlet device is located above the middle of the grain conveying pipe and is connected to the grain conveying pipe. The front end of the grain conveying pipe is slidably sleeved with a telescopic pipe, and the front end of the telescopic pipe is provided with a grain throwing elbow that can rotate around its axis; During distribution, the controller can execute the following control process: First, control the movement and lifting of the lift according to the position of the windows in the flat warehouse, so that the telescopic pipe of the grain blower extends into the window. Then, control the movement and lifting of the elevator so that its discharge end is aligned with the feed inlet of the grain inlet device. Finally, control the gas source device to generate a high-speed air flow to blow the grain entering the grain conveying pipe into the warehouse, and at the same time control the telescopic pipe to extend and retract and the grain throwing elbow to rotate to control the material dropping point, realizing the loading and distributing of grain into the bin.

[0006] Furthermore, the lift includes a chassis frame and a lifting bracket arranged on the chassis frame. The top of the lifting bracket is provided with a support platform, and the grain blower is installed on the support platform. The bottom of the chassis frame is provided with traveling wheels and hydraulic support feet.

[0007] Furthermore, the lifting bracket is a hydraulic scissor lift, and the hydraulic system adapted to it is located inside the chassis frame.

[0008] Furthermore, the elevator is an inclined belt conveyor, an inclined scraper conveyor, an inclined screw conveyor, or a bucket elevator.

[0009] Furthermore, the gas source device is a centrifugal fan driven by a variable frequency motor.

[0010] Furthermore, the grain inlet device includes a feed hopper. The feed inlet connected to the discharge end of the elevator is arranged on the side of the feed hopper. The discharge outlet at the bottom of the feed hopper is connected to the grain conveying pipe through a grain inlet pipe. The grain inlet pipe is an arc-shaped structure bent towards the front end of the grain conveying pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, an air lock is provided between the discharge outlet of the feed hopper and the grain inlet pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the grain blower is installed on the lifting bracket through a support seat. The support seat is provided with a telescopic rod, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic rod is the same as that of the telescopic pipe. The telescopic end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the telescopic pipe.

[0013] Further, a gear ring or pulley coaxial with the telescopic pipeline is provided at the part of the grain throwing elbow connected to the telescopic pipeline, and a stepping motor drivingly connected to the gear ring or pulley is provided on the outer wall of the telescopic pipeline.

[0014] Further, a detection device for detecting the height and flatness of the grain surface is also provided at the front end of the telescopic pipeline.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The method of combining a lift, a grain blowing machine and a hoist is used for bin loading and cloth laying. Each part is an independent structure, which can be flexibly transported, is convenient for equipment layout according to the actual situation of the granary, adapts to different bin types, and each equipment is independently maintained, which is convenient for management and has low maintenance costs; 2. The hoist is used to lift the grain, and the grain blowing machine is used to blow the grain. The two work together, which can give full play to the high stability of mechanical conveying and the long-distance throwing advantage of pneumatic conveying. Compared with an integrated grain pump truck, the combined equipment has a lower power consumption and lower usage costs, and the grain conveying pipe of the grain blowing machine is a straight pipe, so there will be no problem of grain collision and breakage; 3. The grain blowing machine can control the material dropping point through the precise linkage of the telescopic pipeline and the grain throwing elbow. The structure is simple, the control is convenient, the controllable material dropping range is wide, which is beneficial to controlling the flatness of the grain surface. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the axonometric view of the combined structure of the lift and the grain blowing machine of the present invention; Figure 3 is the front view of the combined structure of the lift and the grain blowing machine of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure, the labels are: 1 - grain blowing machine, 2 - lift, 3 - hoist, 4 - flat warehouse, 11 - grain conveying pipe, 12 - air source device, 13 - grain inlet device, 14 - telescopic pipeline, 15 - grain throwing elbow, 16 - support seat, 17 - telescopic rod, 18 - stepping motor, 19 - detection device, 21 - chassis frame, 22 - lifting bracket, 23 - support platform, 24 - walking wheel, 25 - hydraulic support foot, 41 - window, 121 - frequency conversion motor, 122 - centrifugal fan, 131 - feed inlet, 132 - feed hopper, 133 - grain inlet pipe, 134 - air lock. Detailed Embodiments

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] It should be noted that if there are directional indication terms in the present invention, such as the directions and orientations of up, down, left, right, front and back, they are for the purpose of facilitating the description of the relative position relationship between components, and are not specific to the absolute position of the related components or the position relationship between components. They are only used to explain the relative position relationship and movement of the components in a certain posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly. If there are terms related to quantity in the present invention, such as "multiple", "multiple", "several", etc., they specifically refer to two or more.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a grain loading and distributing system based on pneumatic conveying provided by the present invention includes an elevator 2 for driving a grain blower 1 to rise and fall, an elevator 3 for supplying grain to the grain blower 1, and a controller electrically connected to the grain blower 1, the elevator 2 and the elevator 3 and controlling their operation; the grain blower 1 includes a grain conveying pipe 11, an air source device 12 and a grain feeding device 13, the air source device 12 is connected to the rear end of the grain conveying pipe 11, the grain feeding device 13 is located above the middle of the grain conveying pipe 11 and is connected to the grain conveying pipe 11, the front end sliding sleeve of the grain conveying pipe 11 is provided with a telescopic pipe 14, and the front end of the telescopic pipe 14 is provided with a grain throwing elbow 15 that can rotate around its axis. The grain throwing elbow 15 is preferably formed by bending a rectangular tube, which can make the grain more dispersed at the bend, thereby reducing the crushing rate. The bending curvature and length of the grain throwing elbow 15 are not easy to be too large, and the grain throwing direction can be changed within a certain degree to ensure that the grain will not be broken when passing through the grain throwing elbow 15.

[0021] The controller can be operated manually or automatically. When distributing the materials, the controller controls the operation of each device according to the following process: first, according to the position of the window 41 of the bunk house 4, the elevator 2 is controlled to move and rise and fall, so that the telescopic pipe 14 of the grain blower 1 extends into the window 41, and then the elevator 3 is controlled to move and rise and fall, so that its discharge end is connected with the feed port 131 of the grain feeding device 13, and finally the air source device 12 is controlled to generate a high-speed airflow to blow the grain entering the grain conveying pipe 11 into the warehouse, and at the same time, the drop point is controlled by controlling the telescopic pipe 14 to extend and retract and the grain throwing elbow 15 to rotate, so as to realize the loading and distributing of the grain. Among them, the hardware and software involved in the controller are all existing technologies. This application is based on the above functional requirements only, physically integrating the existing control module with each device or action component, and constructing the hardware execution logic according to the conventional industrial control principle, and does not involve substantial transformation at the level of software program algorithm, control model or electronic circuit principle.

[0022] The present invention mainly uses an independent elevator 3 to lift grains and an independent grain blower 1 placed at a high position to throw grains. The two work together, which can give full play to the high stability of mechanical conveying and the long-distance throwing advantage of pneumatic conveying. Moreover, the power required for the elevator 3 is not high, and the grain blower 1 only blows grains horizontally and does not require too much wind force. Therefore, the combined structure of the two has a lower usage cost compared to an integrated grain pump truck; and compared to a cleaning and bin-filling integrated conveying device, the bin-filling efficiency is higher. In addition, the grains will not collide with the equipment at high speed during the lifting and blowing processes, which can avoid the problem of high crushing rate of the grain pump truck.

[0023] For the control of the cloth point, in the traditional belt conveyor bin-filling, generally, an additional throwing belt conveyor is installed at the discharge end of the belt conveyor to increase the throwing speed and control the throwing direction. Its structure is relatively complex, and the entire cloth belt conveyor is heavy. After being elevated, more counterweights need to be set, which requires higher strength and stability of the entire lifting and supporting structure, and there are certain safety hazards. In contrast, the present invention uses the grain blower 1 for cloth feeding. The entire equipment is lighter, and the heavier air source device 12 is placed at the rear end of the grain conveying pipe 11, which can directly play a counterweight role and avoid the problem of equipment weight increase caused by adding counterweights. In addition, a telescopic pipe 14 that is slidably sleeved with the grain conveying pipe 11 is used to achieve the telescoping of the pipeline, and a throwing elbow 15 that can rotate around the axis of the telescopic pipe 14 is used to control the throwing angle. Compared with the scheme of the combination of a telescopic belt conveyor and a throwing belt conveyor, the structure of the present invention is simpler, the control is more convenient, the controllable blanking range is wider, which is beneficial to controlling the flatness of the grain surface.

[0024] For each device and component, the present invention provides the following preferred solutions: For the elevator 2, the preferred solution of the present invention is, as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 shown, the elevator 2 includes a chassis frame 21 and a lifting bracket 22 arranged on the chassis frame 21. A support platform 23 is provided at the top of the lifting bracket 22, and the grain blower 1 is installed on the support platform 23. Walking wheels 24 and hydraulic support feet 25 are provided at the bottom of the chassis frame 21. Further, the lifting bracket 22 is preferably a hydraulic scissor lift, and the hydraulic system adapted to it is located inside the chassis frame 21. A driving motor is provided inside the chassis frame 21 for driving the walking wheels 24 to rotate to move the equipment. After the elevator 2 moves into place, the hydraulic support feet 25 are lowered and the walking wheels 24 are lifted off the ground to fix the equipment. The lifting bracket 22 adopts a hydraulic scissor lift, which has high support strength and stable structure.

[0025] For the elevator 3, a conventional inclined belt conveyor, inclined scraper conveyor, inclined screw conveyor or bucket elevator can be used. The specific equipment to be used can be selected according to the existing equipment of the grain depot and the height of the grain depot window. Most of the existing loading belt conveyors can meet the requirements, which can reduce the procurement cost of the grain depot.

[0026] For the grain blower 1, the grain delivery pipe 11 is a straight steel pipe, the size of which is designed according to the window 41 of the bunk house 4 and the grain storage loading rate requirements, ensuring that the grain delivery pipe 11 can extend into the bunk house 4 through the window 41. The air source device 12 is preferably a centrifugal fan 122 driven by a variable frequency motor 121. The variable frequency motor 121 is used to adjust the speed of the centrifugal fan 122 so as to achieve control of the conveying efficiency and the drop point.

[0027] The grain feeding device 13 includes a feeding hopper 132, a feeding port 131 connected to the discharge end of the elevator 3 is arranged on the side of the feeding hopper 132, and the bottom discharge port of the feeding hopper 132 is connected to the grain conveying pipe 11 through a grain feeding pipe 133, and the grain feeding pipe 133 is an arc-shaped structure bent toward the front end of the grain conveying pipe 11. The grain feeding pipe 133 is to make the grain have an initial forward speed when entering the grain conveying pipe 11 by gravity, and at the same time avoid gas turbulence at the connection part of the grain feeding pipe 133 and the grain conveying pipe 11, so as to ensure the stability of the grain pneumatic conveying effect.

[0028] The preferred solution is that a wind lock 134 is provided between the discharge port of the feed hopper 132 and the grain feed pipe 133. The wind lock 134 is an existing device, which is mainly used for material discharge of pneumatic conveying and ventilation dust removal systems. The wind lock 134 of the present invention can prevent gas from blowing out from the feed port 131 of the feed hopper 132, ensuring the pneumatic conveying effect of grain; on the other hand, it can realize the continuity and uniformity of grain feeding and realize the uniform blowing of grain.

[0029] As for the telescopic mode of the telescopic pipe 14, the preferred solution of the present invention is that the grain blower 1 is installed on the lifting bracket 22 through the support seat 16, and the support seat 16 is provided with a telescopic rod 17, the telescopic direction of the telescopic rod 17 is consistent with the telescopic direction of the telescopic pipe 14, and the telescopic end of the telescopic rod 17 is fixedly connected to the telescopic pipe 14. The telescopic rod 17 can be a hydraulic rod, an electric push rod or a rack driven by a motor gear. The inner diameter of the telescopic pipe 14 can be close to the outer diameter of the grain conveying pipe 11, so that the telescopic pipe 14 can be directly sleeved on the outside of the grain conveying pipe 11; the telescopic pipe 14 can also be set slightly larger, so that a sliding joint can be set between the telescopic pipe 14 and the grain conveying pipe 11 to achieve the sliding connection between the two.

[0030] As for the rotation mode of the grain throwing elbow 15, the preferred solution of the present invention is that the portion of the grain throwing elbow 15 connected to the telescopic pipe 14 is provided with a gear ring or a pulley coaxial with the telescopic pipe 14, and the outer wall of the telescopic pipe 14 is provided with a stepper motor 18 connected to the gear ring or the pulley. The grain throwing elbow 15 and the telescopic pipe 14 can be rotatably connected through a bearing, which can improve the reliability of the connection between the two and the smoothness of the rotation. The stepper motor 18 is used to control the rotation of the grain throwing elbow 15, which can achieve precise control of the rotation angle and real-time feedback, and facilitate the controller to plan the material distribution path.

[0031] A further solution is that a detection device 19 for detecting the height and flatness of the grain surface is also provided at the front end of the telescopic pipe 14. The detection device 19 may include a radar sensor, a laser sensor or an image sensor, etc., which can identify the height and flatness of the grain surface and feed back to the controller. The controller can control the wind speed of the air source device 12, the extension length of the telescopic pipe 14 and the rotation angle of the grain throwing elbow 15 in a timely manner according to the feedback, so as to ensure that the loading amount of grain meets the requirements and the grain surface is flat.

Claims

1. Grain loading and distributing system based on pneumatic conveying, characterized by: It comprises an elevator (2) for driving a grain blower (1) to move up and down, a hoist (3) for supplying grain to the grain blower (1), and a controller electrically connected to the grain blower (1), the elevator (2) and the hoist (3) to control their operation; The grain blower (1) comprises a grain conveying pipe (11), an air source device (12) and a grain feeding device (13), wherein the air source device (12) is connected to the rear end of the grain conveying pipe (11), the grain feeding device (13) is located above the middle of the grain conveying pipe (11) and is connected to the grain conveying pipe (11), the front end sliding sleeve of the grain conveying pipe (11) is provided with a telescopic pipe (14), and the front end of the telescopic pipe (14) is provided with a grain throwing elbow (15) that can rotate around its axis; When distributing the material, the controller can perform the following control process: First, the elevator (2) is controlled to move and rise and fall according to the position of the window (41) of the bunk house (4), so that the telescopic pipe (14) of the grain blower (1) extends into the window (41), then the elevator (3) is controlled to move and rise and fall so that its discharge end is connected to the feed port (131) of the grain feeding device (13), and finally the air source device (12) is controlled to generate a high-speed airflow to blow the grain entering the grain conveying pipe (11) into the bunk. At the same time, the drop point is controlled by controlling the telescopic pipe (14) to extend and retract and the grain throwing elbow (15) to rotate, thereby realizing the grain bunkering and distribution.

2. The grain bin filling and distributing system based on pneumatic conveying according to claim 1, wherein: The lift (2) comprises a chassis frame (21) and a lifting bracket (22) arranged on the chassis frame (21); a support platform (23) is provided on the top of the lifting bracket (22); the grain blower (1) is mounted on the support platform (23); and walking wheels (24) and hydraulic support feet (25) are provided on the bottom of the chassis frame (21).

3. The grain bin filling and distributing system based on pneumatic conveying according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting bracket (22) is a hydraulic scissor lift bracket, and a hydraulic system adapted thereto is located in the chassis frame (21).

4. The grain bin filling and distributing system based on pneumatic conveying according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elevator (3) is an inclined belt conveyor, an inclined scraper conveyor, an inclined screw conveyor or a bucket elevator.

5. The grain bin filling and distributing system based on pneumatic conveying according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air source device (12) is a centrifugal fan (122) driven by a variable frequency motor (121).

6. The grain loading and distributing system based on pneumatic conveying according to claim 1, wherein: The grain feeding device (13) comprises a feeding hopper (132), a feeding port (131) connected to the discharge end of the elevator (3) is arranged on the side of the feeding hopper (132), and the bottom discharge port of the feeding hopper (132) is connected to the grain conveying pipe (11) through a grain feeding pipe (133), and the grain feeding pipe (133) is an arc-shaped structure that bends toward the front end of the grain conveying pipe (11).

7. The grain bin filling and distributing system based on pneumatic conveying according to claim 6, characterized in that: A blower (134) is provided between the discharge port of the feed hopper (132) and the grain feed pipe (133).

8. The grain bin filling and distributing system based on pneumatic conveying according to claim 1, wherein: The grain blower (1) is mounted on a lifting bracket (22) via a support seat (16); a telescopic rod (17) is provided on the support seat (16); the telescopic direction of the telescopic rod (17) is consistent with the telescopic direction of the telescopic pipe (14); and the telescopic end of the telescopic rod (17) is fixedly connected to the telescopic pipe (14).

9. The grain bin filling and distributing system based on pneumatic conveying according to claim 1, wherein: A part of the grain throwing elbow (15) connected to the telescopic pipeline (14) is provided with a gear ring or a pulley coaxial with the telescopic pipeline (14), and a stepping motor (18) drivingly connected to the gear ring or the pulley is arranged on the outer wall of the telescopic pipeline (14).

10. The grain bin filling and distributing system based on pneumatic conveying according to claim 1, wherein: A detection device (19) for detecting the height and flatness of the grain surface is further arranged at the front end of the telescopic pipeline (14).

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