Water inlet / outlet structure of pumped storage power station and arrangement method of water inlet / outlet structure

Abstract

The invention provides a water inlet / outlet structure of a pumped storage power station and an arrangement method of the water inlet / outlet structure, and relates to the technical field of water inlet / outlet design of the pumped storage power station, and the water inlet / outlet structure of the pumped storage power station is used for water inlet / outlet between a pumped storage water inlet tower and an upper reservoir of a cascade reservoir power station. The pumped storage water inlet tower sequentially comprises a water inlet / outlet, a rock ridge, a slope bottom canal and an energy dissipation device from near to far. And the elevation of the water inlet / outlet bottom plate is positioned between the dead water level and the normal water storage level of the upper reservoir. The pumped storage power generation dead water level of the pumped storage water inlet tower is higher than the dead water level of the upper reservoir and lower than the normal water storage level of the upper reservoir. The top of the rock ridge is higher than the water inlet / outlet bottom plate. The energy dissipation device is located below the dead water level of the upper reservoir. The two ends of the slope bottom water channel communicate with the rock ridge top and the energy dissipation device correspondingly. The method has the beneficial effect that the water pumping and energy storage intake tower built by utilizing the cascade reservoirs can stably operate under different water level working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of the design of the intake / outlet of a pumped-storage power station, and more specifically, to an intake / outlet structure of a pumped-storage power station and its layout method. Background Art

[0002] A pumped-storage power station is an energy-saving and environment-friendly power facility, which plays key roles in peak regulation, valley filling, frequency modulation, phase modulation, energy storage and emergency standby in the power system. The pumped-storage power station uses the surplus electric energy during the low-load period of the power system to pump water from a low-level reservoir to a high-level reservoir for storage; during the peak period of power demand, the water stored in the high-level reservoir is released to the low-level reservoir to drive the water turbine to generate electricity, converting the potential energy of water into electric energy and feeding it back to the power grid. Building a pumped-storage power station using existing cascade reservoirs can save the cost of building new upper and lower reservoirs, thus saving investment.

[0003] In the related art, in order to facilitate power generation and pumping, a flat-bottomed water channel is provided as the intake / outlet structure between the pumped-storage power station built using cascade reservoirs and the existing upper reservoir. Since the upper reservoir is an annual regulation reservoir with a large water level drawdown depth, in order to ensure that the pumped-storage power station is in a pressurized flow state during power generation, the intake / outlet of the upper reservoir and the bottom plates of the corresponding intake channel / outlet channel are both arranged below the dead water level of the upper reservoir. The above layout results in a too large difference between the maximum pumping head and the minimum power generation head of the pumped-storage intake tower, leading to unstable water flow patterns under different water level conditions, thus resulting in a large difference in head loss, increasing the pumping energy consumption of the power station, and having an adverse impact on the stable operation of the pumped-storage intake tower. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem solved by the present invention is how to make the pumped-storage intake tower using cascade reservoirs operate stably under different water level conditions.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an intake / outlet structure of a pumped-storage power station and its layout method.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an intake / outlet structure of a pumped-storage power station, adopting the following technical solution: An intake / outlet structure of a pumped-storage power station, used for the intake / outlet between the pumped-storage intake tower of a cascade reservoir power station and the upper reservoir, successively includes an intake / outlet, a rock sill, a bottom slope water channel and an energy dissipation device from near to far from the pumped-storage intake tower; The bottom plate of the intake / outlet is at the same elevation as the top surface of the foundation of the pumped-storage intake tower, and the elevation of the bottom plate of the intake / outlet is between the dead water level and the normal storage water level of the upper reservoir; The dead water level for pumping and power generation of the pumped-storage intake tower is higher than the dead water level of the upper reservoir and lower than the normal storage water level of the upper reservoir; The top of the rock sill is higher than the bottom plate of the intake / outlet. The energy dissipation device is located below the dead water level of the upper reservoir. Both ends of the bottom slope water channel are respectively communicated with the top of the rock sill and the energy dissipation device.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Utilizing the gradient difference of the existing cascade reservoir, the elevations of the pumped-storage intake tower and the intake / outlet are set between the dead water level and the normal storage level of the upper reservoir, and a rock sill, a bottom slope water channel and an energy dissipation device are arranged between the intake / outlet and the upper reservoir.

[0008] When the water level of the upper reservoir is between the normal storage level and the dead water level for pumped-storage power generation, the pumped-storage generating set can be switched between the power generation mode and the normal pumping mode. Since the water level submerges the entire intake / outlet structure at this time and the water levels of the upper reservoir and the intake / outlet are the same, the upper reservoir is directly communicated with the pumped-storage generating set, and the water in the upper reservoir can flow into the pumped-storage generating set in the form of submerged outflow; when switched to the normal pumping mode, the water flow direction changes, and it still flows into the upper reservoir from the pumped-storage generating set in the form of submerged outflow, thus avoiding the scouring effect of the water flow on the open channel due to the change of the height difference. When the water level of the upper reservoir is lower than the elevations of the bottom plate of the intake / outlet and the pumped-storage generating set, the pumped-storage generating set can only perform low-water-level pumping. At this time, the pumped-storage generating set conveys water to the upper reservoir through the intake / outlet structure. At this time, the water flow crosses the rock sill and then flows down along the bottom slope water channel into the upper reservoir. The energy dissipation device located at the bottom end of the bottom slope water channel can dissipate energy in advance before the water flow enters the upper reservoir, so that the water flow enters the upper reservoir in a more gentle flow state.

[0009] Compared with the flat-bottom water channel in the related technology, the present invention reduces the head difference between the maximum pumping head and the minimum generating head of the pumped-storage generating set by raising the elevation of the pumped-storage intake / outlet, thereby improving the operating conditions of the pump-turbine of the generating set and being beneficial to the stable operation of the pumped-storage generating set under different working conditions. In addition, when constructing the intake / outlet structure and the pumped-storage generating set, it is necessary to excavate the mountain body. Raising the elevations of the intake / outlet and the pumped-storage generating set can also reduce the amount of earthwork excavation, saving the construction period and construction costs.

[0010] Optionally, the elevation of the top of the rock sill is consistent with the dead water level elevation of the pumped-storage intake tower for pumped-storage power generation.

[0011] Optionally, a pre-storage pool is arranged between the intake / outlet and the rock sill.

[0012] Optionally, the volume of the pre-storage pool is not less than the water storage volume required for the full-load operation of the pumped-storage intake tower for 3 to 5 minutes.

[0013] Optionally, the forebay is connected to the rock weir by a slope, and the forebay has the same elevation as the bottom elevation of the inlet / outlet.

[0014] Optionally, the energy dissipation device is one of a bucket, a stilling basin or a baffle pier.

[0015] Optionally, a diffusion angle is formed between the side wall of the bottom channel and the axis of the bottom channel.

[0016] Optionally, it further includes a water conveyance tunnel for connecting the inlet / outlet to the lower reservoir of the pumped-storage power station.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a layout method for the inlet / outlet structure of a pumped-storage power station, adopting the following technical solution: A layout method for the inlet / outlet structure of a pumped-storage power station, used for designing the inlet / outlet structure of the above-mentioned pumped-storage power station, the method includes the following steps: According to the corresponding relationship between the site topography and geological conditions, the drawdown depth D of the cascade reservoir and the maximum head ratio S of the pumped-storage intake tower, determine the operating water levels for pumping and generating electricity of the pumped-storage power station: D = normal storage level for pumped-storage power generation - dead storage level for pumped-storage power generation; S = maximum pumping head / minimum generating head; According to the operating water levels, determine the bottom elevation of the inlet / outlet of the pumped-storage power station, and determine the plane position of the inlet / outlet according to factors such as foundation bearing capacity and coordination of the hub layout; According to the dead storage level for pumped-storage power generation, determine the top elevation of the rock weir, and determine the slope ratio of the bottom slab of the bottom channel according to the construction requirements and stable operation requirements in relevant specifications; Establish a hydraulic model for experiments, set different condition parameters, compare the energy dissipation efficiencies of the models under different body shape condition parameters, and select a set of body shape condition parameters with the highest energy dissipation efficiency for the actual construction of the inlet / outlet structure.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the layout method for the inlet / outlet structure of the pumped-storage power station provided by the present invention compared with the prior art are the same as those of the inlet / outlet structure of the pumped-storage power station, so the beneficial effects of the layout method for the inlet / outlet structure of the pumped-storage power station will not be elaborated herein.

[0019] Optionally, when the inlet / outlet structure is provided with a forebay, calculate the volume V of the forebay to meet the water volume requirements for the full load operation of the pumped-storage generator set for 3 to 5 minutes. The calculation formula is as follows: V = (3 - 5)n * T * Q; n is the number of pumped-storage generator sets; Q is the rated power generation flow rate of the pumped-storage unit, with the unit of cubic meters per second (m 3 / s); T is the shutdown duration of the generator, with the unit of seconds (s). Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the inlet / outlet structure of a pumped-storage power station in the related art.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the inlet / outlet structure of the pumped-storage power station according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the operation of the inlet / outlet structure of the pumped-storage power station in the power generation mode according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the operation of the inlet / outlet structure of the pumped-storage power station in the normal pumping mode according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the operation of the inlet / outlet structure of the pumped-storage power station in the low water level pumping mode according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a plan view of the inlet / outlet structure of the pumped-storage power station according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a flow chart of the layout method of the inlet / outlet structure of the pumped-storage power station according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Description of the Reference Numerals: 10. Pumped-storage intake tower; 20. Upper reservoir; 30. Flat-bottomed water channel; 40. Natural slope; 50. Original ground line; 1. Inlet / outlet; 2. Rock sill; 3. Bottom water channel; 4. Energy dissipation device; 5. Water storage forebay; 6. Slope; 7. Diffusion angle; 8. Water conveyance tunnel. Detailed Embodiments

[0028] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although some embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to more thoroughly and completely understand the present invention. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present invention are only for exemplary purposes and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] The Z-axis in the attached drawings represents the vertical direction, that is, the up and down position, and the positive direction of the Z-axis represents the upper side, and the negative direction of the Z-axis represents the lower side; the X-axis in the attached drawings represents the horizontal direction and is specified as the left and right position, and the positive direction of the X-axis represents the right side, and the negative direction of the X-axis represents the left side; the Y-axis in the attached drawings represents the front and back position, and the positive direction of the Y-axis represents the front side, and the negative direction of the Y-axis represents the back side. At the same time, it should be noted that the meanings represented by the foregoing Z-axis, Y-axis and X-axis are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0030] As used herein, the term "comprising" and its variants are open-ended, that is, "including but not limited to"; the term "based on" means "at least partially based on"; the term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; the term "optionally" means "optional embodiment". The relevant definitions of other terms will be given in the following description. It should be noted that the concepts such as "first" and "second" mentioned in the present invention are only used to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order or interdependence relationship of the functions performed by these devices, modules or units.

[0031] It should be noted that the modifications of "one" and "plural" mentioned in the present invention are illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that unless otherwise clearly specified in the context, it should be understood as "one or more".

[0032] Refer to Figure 1 , in the related art, the inlet / outlet structure of the pumped-storage power station is mostly a flat-bottomed water channel 30, and the arrow in the figure indicates the water flow direction. In a cascade reservoir, since the upper reservoir 20 is an annual regulation reservoir, the water level drop depth is relatively large. To ensure that the pumped-storage power station is in a pressurized flow state during power generation, the inlets / outlets of the upper reservoir 20 and the corresponding bottom plates of the intake channel / outlet channel are usually arranged at a relatively low elevation position, even below the dead water level of the upper reservoir 20. The above arrangement is likely to cause a large difference between the maximum pumping head and the minimum power generation head of the pumped-storage intake tower 10, resulting in unstable water flow patterns under different water level conditions, thus causing a large difference in head loss, increasing the pumping energy consumption of the power station, and having an adverse impact on the stable operation of the pumped-storage intake tower 10. If the existing inlet / outlet structure and the pumped-storage intake tower 10 are lifted as a whole, a natural slope 40 will be generated between the end of the flat-bottomed water channel 30 and the upper reservoir 20, as Figure 1As shown in the figure. When the water level of the upper reservoir 20 is lower than the bottom elevation of the flat-bottomed water channel 30, at this time, the pumped-storage intake tower 10 is in the low-water-level pumping condition. When the water flows from the flat-bottomed water channel 30 to the upper reservoir 20, the increased height difference will be converted into greater kinetic energy, which will cause strong scouring at the end of the flat-bottomed water channel 30 and have an adverse impact on the durability and safety of the inlet / outlet structure.

[0033] In addition, to build a pumped-storage power station and its inlet / outlet structure, it is necessary to excavate downward from the original ground line 50. Arranging the pumped-storage intake tower 10 and the inlet / outlet structure at a lower elevation will increase the earthwork excavation volume and construction difficulty, resulting in a long construction period and high economic costs.

[0034] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned related technologies, the present invention provides a pumped-storage power station inlet / outlet structure and its layout method.

[0035] Refer to Figure 2 , a pumped-storage power station inlet / outlet structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention is used for inlet / outlet between the pumped-storage intake tower 10 of a cascade reservoir power station and the upper reservoir 20, and successively includes an inlet / outlet 1, a rock sill 2, a bottom slope water channel 3 and an energy dissipation device 4 from near to far from the pumped-storage intake tower 10; The bottom plate of the inlet / outlet 1 is at the same elevation as the top surface of the foundation of the pumped-storage intake tower 10, and the elevation of the bottom plate of the inlet / outlet 1 is between the dead water level and the normal storage water level of the upper reservoir 20; The pumped-storage dead water level of the pumped-storage intake tower 10 is higher than the dead water level of the upper reservoir 20 and lower than the normal storage water level of the upper reservoir 20; The top of the rock sill 2 is higher than the bottom plate of the inlet / outlet 1; The energy dissipation device 4 is located below the dead water level of the upper reservoir 20; Both ends of the bottom slope water channel 3 are respectively communicated with the top of the rock sill 2 and the energy dissipation device 4.

[0036] Specifically, by using the gradient difference of the existing cascade reservoir, the elevations of the pumped-storage intake tower 10 and the inlet / outlet 1 are set between the dead water level and the normal storage water level of the upper reservoir 20, and a rock sill 2, a bottom slope water channel 3 and an energy dissipation device 4 are arranged between the inlet / outlet 1 and the upper reservoir 20. Compared with the related technology in which the inlet / outlet is set at a lower elevation position, even below the dead water level of the upper reservoir 20, the present invention reduces the head difference between the maximum pumping head and the minimum generating head of the pumped-storage generating unit by raising the elevations of the pumped-storage intake tower 10 and the inlet / outlet 1, thereby improving the operating conditions of the pump-turbine of the generating unit and facilitating the stable operation of the pumped-storage generating unit under different working conditions.

[0037] Refer to Figure 3 、Figure 4 In the figure, the arrow indicates the water flow direction, and the normal storage level of the reservoir is the same as the elevation of the normal storage level of the pumped-storage power generation. When the water level of the upper reservoir 20 is between the normal storage level and the dead storage level of the pumped-storage power generation, the pumped-storage generating set can be switched between the power generation mode and the normal pumping mode. Since the water level submerges the entire inlet / outlet structure at this time, the water levels of the upper reservoir 20 and the inlet / outlet 1 are the same, enabling the upper reservoir 20 to be directly connected to the pumped-storage generating set. The water in the upper reservoir 20 can flow into the pumped-storage generating set in the form of submerged outflow; when switched to the normal pumping mode, the water flow direction changes, and it still flows from the pumped-storage generating set into the upper reservoir 20 in the form of submerged outflow, thus avoiding the scouring effect of the water flow on the open channel due to the change in elevation difference.

[0038] Refer to Figure 5 When the water level of the upper reservoir 20 is lower than the elevation of the bottom plate of the inlet / outlet 1 and the pumped-storage generating set, the pumped-storage generating set can only perform low-water-level pumping. At this time, the pumped-storage generating set conveys water to the upper reservoir 20 through the inlet / outlet structure. At this time, the water flow passes over the rock weir 2 and then flows down along the bottom-channel 3 of the slope into the upper reservoir 20. The energy dissipation device 4 located at the bottom end of the bottom-channel 3 of the slope can dissipate energy in advance before the water flow enters the upper reservoir 20, enabling the water flow to enter the upper reservoir 20 in a more gentle flow state.

[0039] In addition, when constructing the inlet / outlet structure and the pumped-storage generating set, it is necessary to excavate the mountain body. Raising the elevation of the inlet / outlet 1 and the pumped-storage generating set can also reduce the amount of earthwork excavation, saving the construction period and construction costs.

[0040] Refer to Figure 6 Optionally, a diffusion angle 7 is formed between the side wall of the bottom-channel 3 of the slope and the axis of the bottom-channel 3 of the slope.

[0041] Specifically, the dotted line in the figure represents a reference line parallel to the axis of the bottom-channel 3 of the slope. The diffusion angle 7 can facilitate the concentration of the water flow into the pumped-storage generating set under the power generation mode, increasing the momentum. At the same time, it can also play a role in slowing down the water flow and stabilizing the flow state under the pumping mode, ensuring the horizontal diffusion of the outlet water flow, reducing the scouring effect of the water flow on the open channel when flowing downward, thereby reducing the impact of the water flow conveyance on the terrain and existing buildings, reducing the maintenance cost, and ensuring the safe operation of the unit.

[0042] In this embodiment, the diffusion angle 7 is preferably 3° to 5°. By establishing a hydraulic model and conducting simulation tests under different diffusion angle 7 parameters, the effect is optimal when the diffusion angle 7 is within the range of 3° to 5°.

[0043] Refer to Figure 2 Optionally, the elevation of the top of the rock weir 2 is consistent with the elevation of the dead storage level of the pumped-storage intake tower 10 for pumped-storage power generation.

[0044] Specifically, making the top elevation of the rock sill 2 consistent with the dead water level elevation of the pumped-storage power generation can keep the water flow in a submerged outflow state during the power generation operation. If the top of the rock sill 2 is higher than the dead water level of the pumped-storage power generation, when the pumped-storage power generation water level approaches the dead water level, the water flow needs to overcome the rock sill 2 with the help of external force to enter the pumped-storage generator set. Making the top elevation of the rock sill 2 consistent with the dead water level elevation of the pumped-storage power generation can raise the pumped-storage energy unit as much as possible while keeping the height of the rock sill 2 unchanged, so as to minimize the excavation volume during construction on the basis of maximizing the efficiency, and balance the efficiency and economy of the inlet / outlet structure.

[0045] Referring to Figure 2 , optionally, a forebay 5 is provided between the inlet / outlet 1 and the rock sill 2.

[0046] Specifically, the forebay 5 can store water on a small scale. The forebay 5 is directly connected to the pumped-storage generator set to supply water in time, so as to prevent the pumped-storage generator set from being damaged due to idling at the beginning of operation, which helps the unit to operate smoothly and extends its service life.

[0047] Optionally, the volume of the forebay 5 is not less than the water storage volume required for the pumped-storage intake tower 10 to generate full power for 3 to 5 minutes.

[0048] Specifically, according to the structural calculation, the volume of the forebay 5 meets the water storage volume for the pumped-storage intake tower 10 to generate full power for three to five minutes. During this period, it is sufficient for the water source to be transported between the upper reservoir 20 and the pumped-storage intake tower 10 through the inlet / outlet structure. Optionally, the forebay 5 is connected to the rock sill 2 by a slope 6, and the bottom elevation of the forebay 5 is the same as that of the inlet / outlet 1.

[0049] Specifically, connecting the forebay 5 to the rock sill 2 by a slope 6 and making the bottom plate of the forebay 5 have the same elevation as the bottom plate of the inlet / outlet 1 can simplify the construction of the inlet / outlet structure, reduce the construction difficulty, and thus save the construction period and funds. During the power generation operation, the forebay 5 is filled with water, which can play an auxiliary role in energy dissipation.

[0050] Optionally, the energy dissipation device 4 is one of a bucket, a stilling basin or a baffle pier.

[0051] Specifically, a bucket, a stilling basin and a baffle pier are all common energy dissipation devices 4, which are simple to construct, economical and practical.

[0052] In this embodiment, the energy dissipation device 4 is preferably a bucket. The use of the bucket can ensure that the water flow discharged from the inlet / outlet 1 enters the upper reservoir 20 in the form of bottom flow or surface flow under the pumping condition. The bucket deflects the discharging rapid flow towards the downstream water surface to form a surge wave, a bucket roll is formed upstream of the surge wave, a surface roll is formed downstream, and a bottom roll is formed under the main flow, eliminating the excess energy, so as to keep the side slopes on both sides of the bottom channel 3 stable.

[0053] Optionally, the inlet / outlet structure further includes a water conveyance tunnel 8, and the water conveyance tunnel 8 is used to connect the inlet / outlet 1 with the lower reservoir of the cascade reservoir power station.

[0054] Specifically, the water conveyance tunnel 8 penetrates through the mountain body and is connected to the lower reservoir, taking advantage of the inherent structure of the cascade reservoir to form a water head difference for the water flow, which is convenient for power generation or pumping.

[0055] Refer to Figure 7 , a layout method for the inlet / outlet structure of a pumped-storage power station provided by an embodiment of the present invention is used to design the inlet / outlet structure of the pumped-storage power station as described above. The method includes the following steps: According to the corresponding relationship between the site topography and geological conditions, the drawdown depth D of the cascade reservoir, and the maximum head ratio S of the pumped-storage intake tower 10, determine the operating water levels for pumping and power generation of the pumped-storage power station: D = normal storage level for pumped-storage power generation - dead storage level for pumped-storage power generation; S = maximum pumping head / minimum power generation head; According to the operating water levels, determine the elevation of the bottom slab of the inlet / outlet 1 of the pumped-storage power station, and determine the planar position of the inlet / outlet 1 according to factors such as the foundation bearing capacity and the coordination of the hub layout; According to the dead storage level for pumped-storage power generation, determine the elevation of the top of the rock sill 2, and determine the slope ratio of the bottom slab of the bottom channel 3 according to the construction requirements and stable operation requirements in relevant specifications; Establish a hydraulic model for experiments, set different condition parameters, compare the energy dissipation efficiencies of the models under different body shape condition parameters, and select a set of body shape condition parameters with the highest energy dissipation efficiency for the actual construction of the inlet / outlet structure.

[0056] The beneficial effects of the layout method for the inlet / outlet structure of the pumped-storage power station in this embodiment compared with the prior art are the same as those of the inlet / outlet structure of the pumped-storage power station described above, and will not be elaborated here.

[0057] Optionally, when the inlet / outlet structure is provided with a forebay 5, calculate the volume V of the forebay 5 to meet the water volume requirements for the full load operation of the pumped-storage generating units for 3 to 5 minutes. The calculation formula is as follows: V = (3 - 5)n * T * Q; n is the number of pumped-storage generating units; Q is the rated power generation flow rate of the pumped-storage unit, with the unit of cubic meters per second (m 3 / s); T is the shutdown duration of the generator, with the unit of seconds (s).

[0058] Specifically, precisely designing the volume of the pre-storage pool 5 can minimize the construction cost and usage cost of the pre-storage pool 5 on the premise of meeting the usage function.

[0059] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and modifications will all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water inlet / outlet structure of a pumped storage power station, characterized in that, The water inlet / outlet between the pumped-storage intake tower (10) and the upper reservoir (20) for a cascade reservoir power station, from near to far from the pumped-storage intake tower (10), successively includes a water inlet / outlet (1), a rock sill (2), a bottom channel (3) and an energy dissipation device (4); The elevation of the bottom plate of the water inlet / outlet (1) is the same as the elevation of the top surface of the foundation of the pumped-storage intake tower (10), and the elevation of the bottom plate of the water inlet / outlet (1) is between the dead water level and the normal storage level of the upper reservoir (20); The dead water level for pumped-storage power generation of the pumped-storage intake tower (10) is higher than the dead water level of the upper reservoir (20) and lower than the normal storage level of the upper reservoir (20); The top of the rock sill (2) is higher than the bottom plate of the water inlet / outlet (1); The energy dissipation device (4) is located below the dead water level of the upper reservoir (20); Both ends of the bottom channel (3) are respectively communicated with the top of the rock sill (2) and the energy dissipation device (4).

2. The water inlet / outlet structure of the pumped-storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elevation of the top of the rock sill (2) is the same as the elevation of the dead water level for pumped-storage power generation of the pumped-storage intake tower (10).

3. The water inlet / outlet structure of the pumped-storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pre-storage pond (5) is provided between the water inlet / outlet (1) and the rock sill (2).

4. The inlet / outlet structure of the pumped-storage power station according to claim 3, characterized in that, The volume of the pre-storage pond (5) is not less than the water storage volume required for the pumped-storage intake tower (10) to be fully loaded for 3 to 5 minutes.

5. The water inlet / outlet structure of the pumped storage power station according to claim 3, characterized in that The pre-storage pond (5) is connected to the rock sill (2) through a slope (6), and the elevation of the bottom plate of the pre-storage pond (5) is the same as that of the bottom plate of the water inlet / outlet (1).

6. The water inlet / outlet structure of the pumped storage power station according to claim 1, wherein The energy dissipation device (4) is one of a bucket, a stilling basin or a baffle pier.

7. The water inlet / outlet structure of the pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that A diffusion angle (7) is formed between the side wall of the bottom channel (3) and the axis of the bottom channel (3).

8. The inlet / outlet structure of the pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that It further includes a water conveyance tunnel (8), and the water conveyance tunnel (8) is used to connect the water inlet / outlet (1) with the lower reservoir of the cascade reservoir power station.

9. A layout method for the inlet / outlet structure of a pumped-storage power station, characterized in that, For designing the water inlet / outlet structure of the pumped-storage power station described in any one of claims 1-8, the method includes the following steps: According to the corresponding relationship between the site topography and geological conditions, the drawdown depth D of the cascade reservoir and the maximum head ratio S of the pumped-storage intake tower (10), determine the operating water levels for pumping and power generation of the pumped-storage power station: D = normal storage level for pumped-storage power generation - dead water level for pumped-storage power generation; S = maximum pumping head / minimum power generation head; According to the operating water levels, determine the elevation of the bottom plate of the water inlet / outlet (1) of the pumped-storage power station, and determine the plane position of the water inlet / outlet (1) according to factors such as foundation bearing capacity and coordinated layout of the hub; According to the dead water level for pumped-storage power generation, determine the elevation of the top of the rock sill (2), and determine the slope ratio of the bottom plate of the bottom channel (3) according to the construction requirements and stable operation requirements in relevant specifications; Establish a hydraulic model for experiments, set different condition parameters, compare the energy dissipation efficiencies of the models under different body type condition parameters, and select a set of body type condition parameters with the highest energy dissipation efficiency for the actual construction of the water inlet / outlet structure.

10. The layout method of the inlet / outlet structure of a pumped storage power station according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the water inlet / outlet structure is provided with a pre-storage pond (5), calculate the volume V of the pre-storage pond (5) to meet the water volume requirements for the pumped-storage generating set to be fully loaded for 3 to 5 minutes. The calculation formula is as follows: V = (3~5)n*T*Q; n is the number of pumped-storage generator sets; Q is the rated generating flow rate of the pumped-storage unit, with the unit of cubic meters per second (m 3 / s); T is the shutdown duration of the generator, in seconds (s).

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